JP4716039B2 - Rectangular stirred reaction tank - Google Patents

Rectangular stirred reaction tank Download PDF

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JP4716039B2
JP4716039B2 JP2007129409A JP2007129409A JP4716039B2 JP 4716039 B2 JP4716039 B2 JP 4716039B2 JP 2007129409 A JP2007129409 A JP 2007129409A JP 2007129409 A JP2007129409 A JP 2007129409A JP 4716039 B2 JP4716039 B2 JP 4716039B2
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tank
propeller
stirred reaction
reaction tank
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JP2008284421A (en
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雅則 長藤
一聡 大橋
功 斉藤
稔 山本
順 青木
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JFE Engineering Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Description

本発明は、例えば、廃水処理に用いられている活性汚泥処理に使用される矩形の攪拌反応槽に関するものである。   The present invention relates to, for example, a rectangular stirring reaction tank used for activated sludge treatment used for wastewater treatment.

下水処理において主流である活性汚泥法において、富栄養化物質である窒素やリンを除去する場合には嫌気槽を設置し、被処理液中の溶解性物質と活性汚泥を混合し、脱リン反応や脱窒素反応をするものであり、活性汚泥濃度が槽内にて均一となるように沈降防止の目的で攪拌を行う。攪拌の指標としては底辺流速を０．１ｍ／秒以上確保すれば汚泥が沈殿しないとされており、これを低動力にて行うことが要求される。   In the activated sludge process, which is the mainstream in sewage treatment, anaerobic tanks are installed to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, which are eutrophication substances, and the dephosphorization reaction is performed by mixing soluble substances and activated sludge in the liquid to be treated. In order to prevent sedimentation, the activated sludge concentration is uniform in the tank. As an index of stirring, it is said that sludge does not settle if the bottom side flow rate is secured at 0.1 m / second or more, and this is required to be performed with low power.

なお、下水処理の嫌気槽は矩形池が多く、円形槽の攪拌で通常行われる水平回転流を生成するファンタービンを用いた回転翼攪拌機は、矩形池の４隅の抵抗により底部の流速確保は困難であり、以下のような方法がとられている。   In addition, there are many rectangular ponds in the anaerobic tank for sewage treatment, and the rotary blade stirrer using a fan turbine that generates a horizontal rotating flow that is normally performed by stirring in a circular tank can ensure the flow velocity at the bottom due to the resistance of the four corners of the rectangular pond It is difficult and the following methods are taken.

例えば、特許文献１には、水中エアレータと呼ばれる四方に吐出口がある水中ポンプを、図７に示すように、槽の中心の底部に設置して、図示しない送気パイプから供給される空気を、槽底部水平方向に反射状に吐出する換気装置が開示されている。この装置は、空気を供給しなければ嫌気槽に用いることもできる。   For example, in Patent Document 1, an underwater pump called a submersible aerator, which has discharge ports in four directions, is installed at the bottom of the center of the tank as shown in FIG. A ventilator that discharges in a reflective manner in the horizontal direction of the tank bottom is disclosed. This apparatus can also be used for an anaerobic tank if air is not supplied.

特許文献２には、図８に示すように、双曲面形攪拌翼を槽中央底部に設置して液を循環させる嫌気槽が開示されている。
非特許文献１には、図９に示すように、プロペラ翼を槽中央底部に設けて液を循環させる汚水処理槽が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses an anaerobic tank in which a hyperboloid stirring blade is installed at the bottom center of the tank to circulate the liquid, as shown in FIG.
Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a sewage treatment tank in which a propeller blade is provided at the bottom center of the tank to circulate the liquid as shown in FIG.

特開平９−１９２４７７号公報JP-A-9-192477 特開２００６−２５５５１４号公報JP 2006-255514 A 「第４２回下水道研究発表会講演集」II−６−８−３低動力堅型攪拌機の運転性能 平成１７年度Ｐ９１５−９１７"The 42nd Sewerage Research Conference Lecture" II-6-8-3 Low Power Solid Stirrer Operation Performance 2005 P915-917

上記のエアレータを用いる方法は、水中にモータや減速機があるため、メカニカルシールの定期的な交換が必要であり、その際には槽上部に駆動装置を引き上げてメンテナンスを行う必要があるため煩雑である。
双曲面形の攪拌翼を用いる方法は、駆動軸が長いため、強度的に弱く故障しやすい、さらに槽の水深が深い場合には対応が困難である。 In the method using the aerator described above, since there are a motor and a speed reducer in the water, it is necessary to periodically replace the mechanical seal, and in that case, it is necessary to pull up the drive device above the tank and perform maintenance. It is.
The method using a hyperboloid stirring blade is difficult to cope with when the driving shaft is long, so that it is weak in strength and prone to failure, and when the water depth of the tank is deep.

プロペラ翼を下面方向に設ける方法は、本発明者らが調べたところ、吐出流が底部と衝突するため槽周辺部まで底部流速を確保することが困難であることがわかった。
本発明は、箱形槽において、底部の流速をメンテナンスフリーで、かつ低動力で確保できる攪拌反応槽を提供することを目的とする。 The present inventors investigated the method of providing the propeller blades in the lower surface direction, and found that it is difficult to ensure the bottom flow velocity to the periphery of the tank because the discharge flow collides with the bottom.
An object of the present invention is to provide a stirring reaction tank capable of ensuring a flow rate at the bottom of the box-shaped tank with maintenance-free and low power.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決した攪拌反応槽を開発するに当り、次のような方針を立てた。
メンテナンスフリーの点では駆動部を水中に設けず、槽外駆動とし、また駆動軸を短くし強度的にも安定したものとする。
低動力にて底部の流速を確保するには、底部の槽長手方向に循環流を形成することである。これは横方向の循環流形成や槽底部からの放射流形成よりも抵抗値が最も少ないからである。 The inventors of the present invention have made the following policy in developing a stirred reaction tank that solves the above-described problems.
In terms of maintenance-free operation, the drive unit is not provided in the water, but is driven outside the tank, and the drive shaft is shortened and stable in strength.
In order to secure the flow velocity at the bottom with low power, a circulation flow is formed in the tank longitudinal direction of the bottom. This is because the resistance value is the smallest as compared with the formation of the circulation flow in the lateral direction and the formation of the radial flow from the bottom of the tank.

さらに駆動部を槽外に設置するために、槽外駆動の軸流方向の下向流を吐出させるプロペラを槽長手方向の片側の端部側に設置し、そのプロペラ下方投影面に水平面に対し斜めに反射板を設置して、下降方向の吐出流を水平方向に変換させる。この水平流は槽底部にて矩形槽の長手方向に反対側の端部方向に流れ、側壁に到達後はその側面を上昇し、槽表層に到達後は槽底部と逆方向にて槽表層部を流れ、プロペラの吸い込み側に戻るという、槽縦断面に循環流を形成させる。   Further, in order to install the drive unit outside the tank, a propeller that discharges the downward flow in the axial direction of the tank drive is installed on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the tank, and the propeller lower projection surface with respect to the horizontal plane A reflecting plate is installed obliquely to convert the downward discharge flow into the horizontal direction. This horizontal flow flows at the bottom of the tank in the direction of the end opposite to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular tank. After reaching the side wall, the side surface rises, and after reaching the tank surface, the tank surface layer is in the direction opposite to the tank bottom. And a circulation flow is formed in the longitudinal section of the tank, returning to the suction side of the propeller.

この発明のポイントは図１、２の垂直方向に設置したプロペラから発生させる垂直方向の吐出流を反射板にて水平方向に変換することにある。
すなわち、本発明は、槽外駆動方式のプロペラ攪拌機と、該プロペラ攪拌機により吐出された下向流を水平流に変換する反射板を備えた箱形の攪拌反応槽に関するものである。 The point of this invention is to convert the vertical discharge flow generated from the propeller installed in the vertical direction of FIGS.
That is, the present invention relates to a box-shaped stirring reaction tank provided with a propeller stirrer driven outside the tank and a reflecting plate that converts a downward flow discharged by the propeller stirrer into a horizontal flow.

本発明により、少ない動力で矩形の槽内全体に液を循環させることができ、駆動軸を短かくすることができるので強度的にも安定である。しかも、駆動部が槽外にあるためメンテナンスも容易である。   According to the present invention, the liquid can be circulated throughout the rectangular tank with a small amount of power, and the drive shaft can be shortened, so that the strength is stable. In addition, maintenance is easy because the drive unit is outside the tank.

本発明の攪拌反応槽は箱形であり、長辺（Ｌ）と短辺（Ｂ）の長さの比Ｌ／Ｂが１〜５程度、通常１〜４程度である。長辺と短辺の長さは攪拌反応槽の容積により大きく異なるが、一般に、長辺が１０〜４０ｍ程度、通常１０〜３０ｍ程度、短辺が３〜１０ｍ程度、通常５〜１０ｍ程度である。深さは、一般に３〜１２ｍ程度、通常５〜１０ｍ程度である。容積は、用途により大きく異なるが、一般に１００〜２０００ｍ３程度である。液の循環を助けるために、液流が当る面と底面との隅角部を傾斜面としあるいは凹曲面とすることができる。 The stirring reaction tank of the present invention has a box shape, and the ratio L / B of the length of the long side (L) to the short side (B) is about 1 to 5, usually about 1 to 4. The length of the long side and the short side varies greatly depending on the volume of the stirring reaction tank, but in general, the long side is about 10 to 40 m, usually about 10 to 30 m, and the short side is about 3 to 10 m, usually about 5 to 10 m. . The depth is generally about 3 to 12 m, usually about 5 to 10 m. The volume varies greatly depending on the application, but is generally about 100 to 2000 m 3 . In order to assist the circulation of the liquid, the corner portion between the surface on which the liquid flow strikes and the bottom surface can be an inclined surface or a concave curved surface.

攪拌反応槽に張込まれる液体は、攪拌しうるものであれば特に限定されないが、通常は水性液であり、例えば活性汚泥処理される廃水である。活性汚泥処理の反応槽としては、好気的雰囲気で行う曝気槽と嫌気的雰囲気で行なう嫌気槽があるが、本発明は、活性汚泥等の固形物の槽底部への沈殿防止の目的や、その他の固形物を含む水溶液の貯蔵での液と固形物の分散の目的、また槽底部に散気装置を設置した好気槽において散気装置の気泡離脱面に水平流速を与えることにより発生気泡を小さくし、酸素溶解効率を上げる目的にも利用できる。   The liquid stretched into the stirring reaction tank is not particularly limited as long as it can be stirred, but is usually an aqueous liquid, for example, waste water to be treated with activated sludge. The activated sludge treatment tank includes an aerobic tank and an anaerobic tank in an anaerobic atmosphere, but the present invention is intended to prevent precipitation of solids such as activated sludge on the tank bottom, The purpose of dispersing liquids and solids in the storage of aqueous solutions containing other solids, and bubbles generated by applying a horizontal flow velocity to the bubble release surface of the diffuser in an aerobic tank with a diffuser installed at the bottom of the tank It can also be used for the purpose of reducing oxygen and increasing oxygen dissolution efficiency.

この攪拌反応槽に取付けられる攪拌機は、槽外駆動方式でプロペラ型のものである。プロペラ翼は下向流を生じさせるものであり、枚数および大きさは攪拌反応槽の容積等に応じ液を槽内全体を移動させられるように定める。また、プロペラは一段のみではなく複数段設けることもできる。攪拌翼を取着した回転軸の液浸部の長さは、攪拌反応槽の液深すなわち液面から槽底までの距離の１０〜８０％程度、通常２０〜５０％程度とする。攪拌機は、槽外駆動方式であるから少なくともモータと減速機は槽外に設ける。機数は１台の外、攪拌反応槽の大きさや形状により複数設けることもできる。   The stirrer attached to the stirring reaction tank is a propeller type driven outside the tank. The propeller blades generate a downward flow, and the number and size of the propeller blades are determined so that the liquid can be moved throughout the tank according to the volume of the stirring reaction tank. Further, the propeller can be provided not only in one stage but also in a plurality of stages. The length of the liquid immersion part of the rotating shaft to which the stirring blade is attached is about 10 to 80%, usually about 20 to 50% of the liquid depth of the stirring reaction tank, that is, the distance from the liquid surface to the tank bottom. Since the stirrer is driven outside the tank, at least the motor and the speed reducer are provided outside the tank. The number of machines can be one or more, depending on the size and shape of the stirring reaction tank.

反射板は、プロペラ攪拌機により生じた下向流を水平流に変換するものであり、攪拌反応槽の底面近傍に１側面に向けて斜めに配置される。反射板の幅は、上から見た投影面の幅で、攪拌機のプロペラ翼の直径の５０〜３００％程度、好ましくは１００〜２００％程度が適当である。長さは槽の短辺の５０〜１００％程度とするのがよい。   The reflecting plate converts the downward flow generated by the propeller stirrer into a horizontal flow, and is disposed obliquely toward one side surface in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the stirring reaction tank. The width of the reflection plate is the width of the projection surface seen from above, and is about 50 to 300%, preferably about 100 to 200% of the diameter of the propeller blade of the stirrer. The length is preferably about 50 to 100% of the short side of the tank.

攪拌機と反射板の配置は、要は槽内全体に循環流を生じるように定められ、通常は槽の端部、すなわち１側面の近傍に配置される。しかしながら、槽が長尺の場合には槽の中央部に設けてその両方向に循環流を形成するようにしてもよい。これは例えば、槽の長辺（Ｌ）と短辺（Ｂ）の長さの比Ｌ／Ｂが２以下、すなわち１〜２の場合には、その長辺方向の端部、すなわち一方の短辺の側面近傍に設置すればよいが、Ｌ／Ｂが２を超えるような場合は、中央部に設置して両側に２つの循環流を形成することによって槽全体の攪拌をより容易に行えるのである。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限定されず、例えば、Ｌ／Ｂの値に係わりなく一方の長辺の側面近傍に設けてもその作用効果を発揮すれば本発明に含まれることは言うまでもない。   The arrangement of the stirrer and the reflector is determined so that a circulation flow is generated throughout the tank, and is usually arranged near the end of the tank, that is, near one side surface. However, when the tank is long, it may be provided at the center of the tank to form a circulating flow in both directions. For example, when the ratio L / B of the length of the long side (L) to the short side (B) of the tank is 2 or less, that is, 1-2, the end in the long side direction, that is, one short side It can be installed near the side of the side, but when L / B exceeds 2, the entire tank can be stirred more easily by installing it in the center and forming two circulating flows on both sides. is there. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that, for example, even if it is provided near the side surface of one long side regardless of the value of L / B, it will be included in the present invention as long as its effect is exhibited.

攪拌機を複数設ける場合には、槽の短辺方向（反射板の長手方向）に並べる場合と、槽内に２つの循環流を形成する場合にそれぞれを分担させる場合がある。
反射板は攪拌機のプロペラ翼の直下に配置する。その場合に、槽内に滞留部を形成しないように槽の底面および側面と離隔して設けるのがよい。しかしながら槽の側面と底面の隅角部に傾斜面を設ける場合には、この傾斜面を大きく形成して反射板を兼ねさせることができる。ただしこの方法では槽の実容量が減少するので経済的でない。 When the stirrer several settings Keru may be shared and if arranged in the short side direction of the vessel (longitudinal direction of the reflection plate), respectively in the case of forming the two circulating flow in the tank.
The reflector is placed directly under the propeller blade of the stirrer. In that case, it is preferable to provide it separately from the bottom and side surfaces of the tank so as not to form a staying part in the tank. However, in the case where inclined surfaces are provided at the corners of the side surface and the bottom surface of the tank, the inclined surface can be formed large to serve also as a reflector. However, this method is not economical because the actual capacity of the tank is reduced.

本発明の攪拌反応槽には、液の循環をより円滑に行わせるために、槽の中央部近傍に水平方向に分流板を設置することもできる。   In the stirred reaction tank of the present invention, a flow dividing plate can be installed in the horizontal direction in the vicinity of the center of the tank in order to perform the liquid circulation more smoothly.

本発明の一実施例である攪拌反応槽を図１、２に示す。この攪拌反応槽は活性汚泥処理の嫌気槽として使用されるものであり、大きさが長辺９ｍ、短辺５．５ｍ、深さ５ｍである。プロペラ攪拌機の回転軸の液浸部の長さは１．５ｍであり、反射板は１．９ｍ×５．４ｍのものを横長に、角度４５度に設けた。これに廃水を液深５ｍ張込んでプロペラ攪拌機を作動させたところ、液は円滑に上下方向に循環流を形成して槽内全体を循環した。   1 and 2 show a stirred reaction tank which is an embodiment of the present invention. This stirred reaction tank is used as an anaerobic tank for activated sludge treatment, and has a long side of 9 m, a short side of 5.5 m, and a depth of 5 m. The length of the liquid immersion part of the rotating shaft of the propeller stirrer was 1.5 m, and the reflector plate was 1.9 m × 5.4 m long and provided at an angle of 45 degrees. When the propeller stirrer was operated by filling the waste water with a liquid depth of 5 m, the liquid smoothly circulated in the tank by forming a circulating flow in the vertical direction.

本発明の別の実施例である攪拌反応槽を図３に示す。この攪拌反応槽の大きさは５．５ｍ×１８．０ｍ×５ｍであり、その中央部にプロペラ攪拌機を一台設置するとともに底部には、２枚の反射板を少し間隔をおいて長辺方向端部に向けてそれぞれ４５度の角度に設置した。プロペラ攪拌機を作動させたところ、液は両方向に２つの循環流を形成して槽内全体を循環した。   FIG. 3 shows a stirred reaction tank which is another embodiment of the present invention. The size of this stirring reaction tank is 5.5m x 18.0m x 5m. One propeller stirrer is installed at the center of the tank, and two reflectors are placed at the bottom with a little space between them. Each was installed at an angle of 45 degrees toward the end. When the propeller stirrer was activated, the liquid circulated throughout the tank, forming two circulating streams in both directions.

本発明のさらに別の実施例である攪拌反応槽を図４に示す。この攪拌反応槽はプロペラ攪拌機を２台として各循環流を分担させた外は図３のものと同様である。
本発明のさらに別の実施例である攪拌反応槽を図５に示す。この攪拌反応槽は槽の中心部に横方向に分流板を設けた外は図１、２のものと同じである。
本発明のさらに別の実施例である攪拌反応槽を図６に示す。この攪拌反応槽は翼を二段にした外は図３のものと同じである。 FIG. 4 shows a stirred reaction tank which is still another embodiment of the present invention. This stirring reaction tank is the same as that of FIG. 3 except that two propeller stirrers are used to share each circulation flow.
FIG. 5 shows a stirred reaction vessel which is still another embodiment of the present invention. This stirred reaction tank is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 except that a flow dividing plate is provided in the horizontal direction at the center of the tank.
FIG. 6 shows a stirred reaction tank which is still another embodiment of the present invention. This stirred reaction tank is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 except that the blades have two stages.

本発明の装置は、攪拌反応槽に低動力で円滑に循環流を形成し、メインテナンスも容易であるので、活性汚泥処理の嫌気槽、曝気槽等を初めとして、各種の箱型反応槽に適用できる。   Since the apparatus of the present invention smoothly forms a circulating flow with low power in a stirred reaction tank and is easy to maintain, it can be applied to various box-type reaction tanks including an anaerobic tank, an aeration tank, etc. for activated sludge treatment. it can.

本発明の一実施例である攪拌反応槽の概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view of the stirring reaction tank which is one Example of this invention. 同上側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing same as the above. 本発明の別の実施例である攪拌反応槽の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional drawing of the stirring reaction tank which is another Example of this invention. 本発明の別の実施例である攪拌反応槽の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional drawing of the stirring reaction tank which is another Example of this invention. 本発明の別の実施例である攪拌反応槽の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional drawing of the stirring reaction tank which is another Example of this invention. 本発明の別の実施例である攪拌反応槽の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional drawing of the stirring reaction tank which is another Example of this invention. 従来の攪拌反応槽の一例の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional view of an example of a conventional stirred reaction tank. 従来の攪拌反応槽の一例の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional view of an example of a conventional stirred reaction tank. 従来の攪拌反応槽の一例の概略側面断面図である。It is a schematic side sectional view of an example of a conventional stirred reaction tank.

Claims (2)

長辺と短辺の長さの比が２を超える箱形の攪拌反応槽において、回転軸を垂直方向にして槽外駆動方式のプロペラ攪拌機が該槽の中央部に設置され、その真下の槽の底部には該プロペラ攪拌機により吐出された下向流を離反する２つの水平流に変換する２枚の反射板が設置され、該２枚の反射板はいずれも槽の短辺と平行に、そしていずれも互いに対向する側を上にして底面から４５度の角度で傾斜して設けられており、前記反射板の幅が上から見た投影面の幅で前記プロペラ翼の直径の５０〜３００％であり、長さが前記攪拌反応槽の短辺の５０〜１００％であることを特徴とする箱形の攪拌反応槽。 In a stirred reaction vessel box-shaped ratio of the length of the long sides and short sides exceeds 2, a propeller stirrer tank out of the driving system and the rotation axis in the vertical direction is installed at the central portion of the vessel, just below the Two reflectors that convert the downward flow discharged by the propeller stirrer into two horizontal flows that separate from each other are installed at the bottom of the tank, both of which are parallel to the short side of the tank Each of them is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees from the bottom with the sides facing each other up, and the width of the reflecting plate is the width of the projection plane viewed from above, which is 50 to 50 times the diameter of the propeller blade. It was 300%, the stirred reaction vessel of the box-shaped you, characterized in that 50 to 100% of the short side of the stirring reactor length. 長辺と短辺の長さの比が２を超える箱形の攪拌反応槽において、長辺方向の１端部に向かう水平流を発生させるプロペラ攪拌機と反射板と、長辺方向の他の端部に向かう水平流を発生させるプロペラ攪拌機と反射板とが設置され、前記プロペラ攪拌機はいずれも槽外駆動方式であって回転軸を垂直方向にして設置されており、反射板はいずれもプロペラ攪拌機の真下の槽の底部に槽の短辺と平行に、そして長辺方向の端部に対向する側を下にして底面から４５度の角度で傾斜して設けられており、前記反射板の幅が上から見た投影面の幅で前記プロペラ翼の直径の５０〜３００％であり、長さが前記攪拌反応槽の短辺の５０〜１００％であることを特徴とする箱形の攪拌反応槽。 In a stirred reaction vessel box-shaped ratio of the length of the long sides and short sides exceeds 2, the pulp propeller stirrer to generate a horizontal flow towards the first end of the long side direction and the reflecting plate, the longitudinal direction of the is installed with horizontal flow is generated Help propeller stirrer and reflector toward the other end, the propeller agitator is installed in a rotation axis in a vertical direction a both a tank outside the driving system, the reflecting plate Both are provided at the bottom of the tank directly below the propeller stirrer, parallel to the short side of the tank, and inclined at an angle of 45 degrees from the bottom with the side facing the end in the long side facing down, The width of the reflection plate is a width of the projection plane seen from above, and is 50 to 300% of the diameter of the propeller blade, and the length is 50 to 100% of the short side of the stirring reaction tank . A box- shaped stirred reaction tank .
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