JP4705934B2 - Inner formwork and tunnel excavator provided with the inner formwork - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an inner mold used in a tunnel construction method employing a lining method called a direct-cast concrete method, and a tunnel excavator provided with the inner mold.

  For example, a mud pressure shield excavator is well known as a tunnel excavator used in a tunnel construction method employing the lining method. This is done by excavating the ground with a cutter head provided on the front surface of the outer cylindrical shield excavator body, and covering the tunnel's peripheral wall with a ring-shaped inner mold frame at a predetermined interval. Concrete is placed on-site (directly) by placing reinforcing bars between the formwork and the peripheral wall, and lining is performed after curing and hardening.

  As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the inner mold frame W includes one to a plurality of (five in the illustrated example) key pieces K1 to K5 and a plurality (five in the illustrated example) of normal pieces B1 to B5. The ring is assembled into a ring shape, and is assembled over a total of 16 rings, for example, an 8-ring and A-ring 8 ring in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The ones in the former and second groups are assembled alternately one by one by shifting the circumferential position of each dividing plane.

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the inner mold W is reordered so that the inner mold W located at the tail is sequentially moved to the leading edge as the tunnel is dug. Conventionally, when assembling and demolding at the time of replacement, it has been possible to assemble and demold key pieces K1 to K5 by a radial insertion and extraction method. That is, the key pieces K1 to K5 are sequentially widened corresponding to the direction from the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold W to the inner peripheral surface, and the left and right divided surfaces are formed into outer small diameter tapered surfaces. When inserted between adjacent divided surfaces of B1 to B5, the outward projection from the reference surface of the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold frame W is impossible.

Japanese Patent No. 2814020

  As described above, since the inner mold used in the conventional direct-concrete concrete construction has a structure in which the key pieces K1 to K5 are assembled and removed by the radial insertion and extraction methods, the concrete pressure is affected under the influence of earth pressure. The key pieces K1 to K5 may come off radially inward of the inner mold W due to damage to the bolts that join the key pieces K1 to K5 in the circumferential direction and between the rings when the height becomes abnormally high. There is a problem that when it comes off, the workability of the tunnel is significantly impaired.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to effectively prevent the assembled piece from coming out radially inward of the inner mold frame, and to improve the tunnel workability and the inner mold frame. It is to provide a tunnel excavator provided.

The inner mold according to the present invention for solving the above problems is
The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is continuously cast in the space between the inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel at the site. et al used the tunnel construction methods continue to excavation while forming a wall which is divided in the circumferential direction into a plurality pieces including key Pisu, towards the approximate center of the inner mold is divided surfaces of all or most of the pieces while being formed, in a mold that has become possible assembled by the time of assembly is all or part of the piece Kipisu axial entry method,
The split surfaces of all the pieces including the key piece are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold frame, and at the time of assembly, some pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method, Is characterized in that the remaining pieces of the key piece can be removed by an axial extraction method .

Also,
The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
A plurality of pieces including the key piece are equally divided, and the divided surfaces of all the pieces are formed toward the substantially center of the inner mold frame, and all the pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method during assembly. Thus, at the time of demolding, all the pieces other than the key piece can be demolded by the axial extraction method.

Also,
The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
Only one piece located under the tunnel of the key piece can be assembled and removed by the radial insertion and withdrawal method when assembling and releasing, and the remaining pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method when assembling. In addition, all of the dividing surfaces of the plurality of pieces including key pieces other than the one piece in the radial insertion and extraction method are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold frame.

Also,
The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
The split surfaces of all the pieces including the key piece are formed toward the substantially center of the inner mold frame, and the key piece has a three-piece structure in the circumferential direction. When assembled, the key pieces are all divided into three parts. It can be assembled by the axial insertion method in the state where the slabs are integrated in advance, and at the time of demolding, the central part of the key piece divided into three can be demolded by the radial extraction method. To do.

The tunnel excavator according to the present invention for solving the above problems is
The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. A tunnel excavator used in a tunnel construction method that digs while forming a wall,
A tubular excavator body,
A cutter head mounted on the front portion of the excavator body so as to be rotationally driven;
The inner mold frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is placed in a plurality of rings in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel along a peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the cutter head, located at a rear portion of the excavator body. The inner formwork assembling device
A concrete placement device for placing concrete on-site in the space between the inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel;
A propulsion jack that propels the excavator body with the inner mold frame locked against the concrete after placement as a reaction force receiver;
An inner mold removing device that is located behind the excavator body and demolds the inner mold;
It is provided with.

  According to the inner mold according to the present invention, the dividing surface of all or most of the pieces divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction is formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold, so that the concrete pressure becomes abnormally high. Even when the bolts are connected, the assembled pieces are prevented from coming off radially inward of the inner mold regardless of the state of the bolts connecting the pieces. Moreover, even if it is the structure of such an inner mold, the whole inner mold can be assembled by making it possible to assemble all or a part of the key pieces by the axial insertion method.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a partial piece of the inner form frame assembled during tunnel excavation from coming out inward in the radial direction, so that a lining method called an ECL method can be smoothly performed. This can be implemented, and the workability of the tunnel can be further improved.

  Hereinafter, an inner formwork and a tunnel excavator provided with the inner formwork according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1A is a perspective view of six rings of an inner formwork showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 1B is an explanatory view of assembly and demolding of the inner formwork, and FIG. 5 is a mud pressure shield excavator according to the present invention. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the mud pressure shield excavator (tunnel excavator) of this embodiment has a main excavator body 1 having a cylindrical excavator main part (front trunk) 1 a and an excavator sub part (rear trunk). ) 1b, and the excavator main part 1a can be bent with respect to the excavator sub part 1b by the bent jack 3 at the pin coupling part 2 of both.

  A cutter head 5 is rotatably mounted on a partition wall (bulk head) 4 of the excavator main part 1 a via a triaxial roller bearing 6. A cutter spoke 7 is fixed to the front surface of the cutter head 5 in a radial pattern. A large number of cutter bits and roller cutters (not shown) are mounted on the cutter spoke 7 and a hydraulic jack 8 extends in the radial direction of the cutter head 5. Thus, an appropriate number of copy cutters 9 are mounted so that they can be expanded and contracted (in / out).

  A ring gear 10 is assembled to the outer ring of the triaxial roller bearing 6 (which rotates integrally with the cutter head 5). The ring gear 10 has a drive gear 12 for the cutter turning electric motor 11 supported by the partition wall 4. Are engaged. A plurality of cutter rotating electric motors 11 are arranged along the ring gear 10 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction.

  A rotary joint 13 is assembled at the center of the partition wall 4, and pressure oil is supplied and discharged from a hydraulic source (not shown) to the hydraulic jack 8 and the like of the copy cutter 9 through the rotary joint 13. It is like that.

  A screw conveyor 14 is disposed through the excavator main part 1a and the excavator sub part 1b so that the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 5 can be discharged to the rear of the tunnel. That is, the front end portion (extraction port) of the screw conveyor 14 passes through the lower part of the partition wall 4 and opens into the chamber chamber 15 defined by the cutter head 5 and the partition wall 4, and the discharge port provided in the rear lower part is provided. It is opposed to a belt conveyor (not shown) arranged in the longitudinal direction in the tunnel.

  A large number of propulsion jacks 17 are disposed in the ring-shaped reinforcing portion 16 of the excavator sub-part 1b rearwardly at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. A plurality of frame jacks 18 are provided. The piston rod tips of the end form jacks 18 are pin-coupled to a end form frame 19 disposed in a space between an inner form frame W (to be described later) and the inner wall surface of the excavator sub-part 1b.

  Further, a support member 20 is assembled to the ring-shaped reinforcing portion 16, and a perfect circle of the inner mold frame W assembled with an erector (inner mold assembly apparatus) 21 for assembling the inner mold frame W on the support member 20 ( Shape) A shape holding device 22 for holding is provided. Further, on the rear side of the excavator main body 1, an inner mold frame which is appropriately positioned on the carriage 23 and demolds the last inner mold frame W for refilling or the feeder (hoist) device 24 of the inner mold frame W. A demolding device 25 is provided.

  Therefore, while the cutter head 5 is rotated by the cutter turning electric motor 11, the propulsion jack 17 is extended and the excavator body 1 is assembled in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel over a plurality of rings (16 rings in the illustrated example). A number of cutter bits and roller cutters mounted on the cutter head 5 excavate the ground in front by taking a reaction force against the frame W and propelling (advancing), and the excavated earth and sand are screwed from the chamber chamber 15 into the screw. It is discharged to the outside by the conveyor 14 or the like.

  In synchronism with the propulsion (advance) of the excavator body 1, the inner mold frame W is assembled into a ring shape by the erector 21 and the shape holding device 22, and the perfect circle is held. Then, concrete is cast in the space between the assembled inner formwork W and the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated from the placement opening opened in the end formwork 19 by on-site casting. A lining wall is formed after curing. By repeating this, a tunnel having a predetermined length is excavated and formed.

  In this embodiment, the inner mold W is divided into six small-sized key pieces K1 to K6 and six large-sized normal pieces B1 to B6 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. The divided surfaces (inclined surfaces) of these 12 pieces K1 to K6 and B1 to B6 are formed toward the approximate center O of the inner mold frame W.

  When assembling, the three key pieces K1, K3, K5 (or K2, K4, K6) arranged every other one can be assembled by the axial insertion method, and at the time of demolding, the remaining three key pieces K2, K4, K6 (or K1, K3, K5) can be removed by the axial extraction method.

  That is, the peripheral shape of the one key piece K1, K3, K5 (or K2, K4, K6) is formed in a trapezoidal shape (wedge shape) toward the rear of the tunnel, and the other key piece K2, K4, K6 (or K1). , K3, K5) is formed in a trapezoidal shape (wedge shape) on the contrary toward the front of the tunnel. Further, the peripheral surface shape of the normal pieces B1 to B6 is formed in a symmetrical rhombus shape with the key pieces K1 to K6 sandwiched in correspondence with the peripheral surface shape of the key pieces K1 to K6.

  Thus, in the inner mold frame W of the present embodiment, the split surface (inclined surface) of all the pieces of the six key pieces K1 to K6 and the six normal pieces B1 to B6 is the center of the inner mold frame W. Therefore, even when the concrete pressure is abnormally high, the assembled piece is prevented from coming off radially inward of the inner formwork regardless of the state of the bolts connecting the pieces. .

  Even in such a structure of the inner mold W, the key pieces K1, K3, K5 (or K2, K4, K6) can be assembled by the axial insertion method, so that the entire inner mold W is assembled. Is possible. In addition, the small key pieces K2, K4, K6 (or K1, K3, K5) can be removed by the axial extraction method, so it is easy to remove and can be removed from any. is there. Note that the required force for demolding is increased by the axial extraction method, and therefore it is preferable to provide an edge cutting device (such as a jack) at the demolding portion.

  In addition, as described above, it is possible to prevent a part of the inner mold W assembled during tunnel excavation from coming out radially inward, so that a lining method called an ECL method is smoothly performed. It is possible to improve the tunnel workability by the mud pressure shield excavator.

  In FIG. 1A, only six inner molds W are shown. However, as described above, a total of 16 rings of the upper 8 ring and the second 8 ring are assembled as before. In the present embodiment, the number of pieces is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate due to size restrictions and the like.

  FIG. 2A is a perspective view of six rings of an inner mold showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory view of assembly and demolding of the inner mold.

  This is because the inner mold W in the first embodiment is divided into four key pieces K1 to K4 of the same size and four normal pieces B1 to B4, and the eight pieces K1 to K4 and B1 to B4 are divided. The surface (inclined surface) is formed toward the approximate center O of the inner mold W, and four key pieces K1 to K4 can be assembled by the axial insertion method at the time of assembly, and four normal pieces at the time of mold removal B1 to B4 are examples in which demolding is possible by an axial extraction method.

  According to the present embodiment, in addition to obtaining the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment, the number and type of pieces can be reduced, so that the assembly efficiency is good and the assembly and removal from any of the four pieces is possible. The advantage of being able to mold is obtained.

  In this embodiment, the required force for demolding is increased by the axial pulling method, and therefore it is preferable to provide an edge cutting device (such as a jack) at the demolding portion. Further, in FIG. 2A, only 6 rings of the inner formwork W are shown, but as described above, a total of 16 rings of the upper 8 ring and the second 8 ring are assembled as before. In the present embodiment, the number of pieces is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate due to size restrictions and the like.

  FIG. 3A is a perspective view of 6 rings of an inner mold showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory view of assembly and demolding of the inner mold.

  This is because the inner formwork W in the first embodiment is divided into five small pieces of key pieces K1 to K5 and five large pieces of normal pieces B1 to B5, and at the bottom of the tunnel of the key pieces K1 to K5. Only one key piece K4 located can be assembled and removed by radial insertion and removal when assembling and removing, and the remaining key pieces K1 to K3 and K5 can be assembled by axial insertion when assembling. This is an example. That is, the key piece K4 is sequentially widened corresponding to the direction from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the inner mold W, and the left and right split surfaces are formed into outer small-diameter tapered surfaces. When inserted between the divided surfaces of B4, the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold frame W cannot be protruded outward from the reference surface.

  According to the present embodiment, since the key piece K4 of the radial insertion and extraction method is effectively arranged at the lower part of the tunnel having a low external pressure, the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In this embodiment as well, only 6 rings of the inner formwork W are shown in FIG. 3A. However, as described above, a total of 16 rings of the upper 8 ring and the 8nd group B ring can be assembled as before. It is. In the present embodiment, the number of pieces is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate due to size restrictions and the like.

  FIG. 4A is a perspective view of 6 rings of an inner mold showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is an explanatory view of assembly and demolding of the inner mold.

  This is because the inner frame W in the first embodiment is divided into five small pieces of key pieces K1 to K5 and five large pieces of normal pieces B1 to B5, and the key pieces K1 to K5 are further circumferentially arranged. The main key pieces K1a to K5a at the center and the sub key pieces K1b to K5b on both sides are divided into three.

  Then, the divided surfaces of the five key pieces K1 to K5 and the five normal pieces B1 to B5 in a state in which the three divided parts are integrated together are formed toward the center of the inner mold frame W, and the assembly is performed. At times, all of the key pieces K1 to K5 can be assembled by the axial insertion method in a state in which the three divided pieces are integrated in advance, and at the time of demolding, the main pieces of the key pieces K1 to K5 divided into three This is an example in which the key pieces K1a to K5a can be removed by a radial extraction method. That is, the main key pieces K1a to K5a are sequentially widened in the direction from the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold frame W toward the inner peripheral surface, and the left and right divided surfaces are formed as outer small diameter tapered surfaces. When it is inserted between the split surfaces of the key pieces K1b to K5b, it is impossible to project outward from the reference surface of the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold frame W.

  According to the present embodiment, the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained by increasing the rigidity of the divided portions of the key pieces K1 to K5. In this embodiment as well, only 6 rings of the inner formwork W are shown in FIG. 4A. However, as described above, a total of 16 rings of the upper 8 ring and the second 8 ring can be assembled as before. It is.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the number of key pieces and normal pieces in one ring and the number of rings in the upper and second groups may be appropriately changed due to size restrictions and the like. Also, the shape, size, etc. of the inner mold W can be variously changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. Further, the present invention can be applied to a muddy water type shield excavator instead of the mud pressure type shield excavator.

It is a perspective view for 6 rings of the inner formwork which shows Example 1 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly and removal of an inner mold form similarly. It is a perspective view for 6 rings of the inner formwork which shows Example 2 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly and removal of an inner mold form similarly. It is a perspective view for 6 rings of the inner formwork which shows Example 3 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly and removal of an inner mold form similarly. It is a perspective view for 6 rings of the inner formwork which shows Example 4 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly and removal of an inner mold form similarly. 1 is a side sectional view of a mud pressure shield excavator according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional inner formwork. It is explanatory drawing of an inner formwork similarly.

Explanation of symbols

1 Excavator body 1a Excavator main part (front trunk)
1b Excavator sub part (rear trunk)
2 Pin joint 3 Folding jack 4 Bulkhead
5 Cutter Head 6 Triaxial Roller Bearing 7 Cutter Pork 8 Hydraulic Jack 9 Copy Cutter 10 Ring Gear 11 Cutter Rotating Electric Motor 12 Drive Gear 13 Rotary Joint 14 Screw Conveyor 15 Chamber Chamber 16 Ring-shaped Reinforcement 17 Propulsion Jack 18 Wife Mold Jack 19 wife formwork 20 support member 21 erector (inner formwork assembly equipment)
22 Shape holding device 23 Bogie 24 Feeder (hoist) device 25 Inner mold release device K1 to K6 Key piece K1a to K6a Main key piece K1b to K6b Sub key piece B1 to B6 Normal piece

Claims (5)

The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. et al used the tunnel construction methods continue to excavation while forming a wall which is divided in the circumferential direction into a plurality pieces including key Pisu, towards the approximate center of the inner mold is divided surfaces of all or most of the pieces while being formed, in a mold that has become possible assembled by the time of assembly is all or part of the piece Kipisu axial entry method,
The split surfaces of all the pieces including the key piece are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold frame, and at the time of assembly, some of the pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method. Is an inner mold frame in which the remaining pieces of the key piece can be removed by an axial extraction method . The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
A plurality of pieces including the key piece are equally divided, and the divided surfaces of all the pieces are formed toward the substantially center of the inner mold frame, and all the pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method during assembly. in, demolding time is the formwork you characterized in that it is made possible demolded by all the pieces axial extraction method other than Kipisu. The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
Only one piece located under the tunnel of the key piece can be assembled and removed by the radial insertion and withdrawal method when assembling and releasing, and the remaining pieces of the key piece can be assembled by the axial insertion method when assembling. is with the radial insertion and extraction all the divided surface inner mold in mold being formed toward the substantially center you wherein the plurality pieces including Kipisu other than one piece manner. The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. It is used in tunnel construction methods that dig while forming walls, and is divided into multiple pieces, including key pieces, in the circumferential direction, and all or most of the divided surfaces are formed toward the approximate center of the inner mold. At the time of assembly, in the inner mold frame where all or part of the key pieces can be assembled by the axial insertion method,
The split surfaces of all the pieces including the key piece are formed toward the substantially center of the inner mold frame, and the key piece has a three-piece structure in the circumferential direction. When assembled, the key pieces are all divided into three parts. It can be assembled by the axial insertion method in the state where the slabs are integrated in advance, and at the time of demolding, the central part of the key piece divided into three can be demolded by the radial extraction method. be that in the formwork. The inner formwork is assembled in a ring shape along the peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the tunnel excavator, and concrete is laid in the space between this inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel almost continuously on site. A tunnel excavator used in a tunnel construction method that digs while forming a wall,
A tubular excavator body,
A cutter head mounted on the front portion of the excavator body so as to be rotationally driven;
The inner mold frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is placed in a plurality of rings in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel along a peripheral wall of the tunnel excavated by the cutter head, located at a rear portion of the excavator body. The inner formwork assembling device
A concrete placement device for placing concrete on-site in the space between the inner formwork and the peripheral wall of the tunnel;
A propulsion jack that propels the excavator body with the inner mold frame locked against the concrete after placement as a reaction force receiver;
An inner mold removing device that is located behind the excavator body and demolds the inner mold;
A tunnel excavator characterized by comprising:

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