JP4681410B2 - Ship overflow equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to overflow ｰ_So location of the ship.

Conventionally, a large number of various liquid (ballast water, fuel oil, etc.) tanks are provided in a ship.
Each of these tanks requires an air pipe for guiding air when the liquid is poured and discharged, and an overflow pipe for overflowing a liquid exceeding a predetermined amount in the tank.

A schematic system diagram of a conventional ship overflow apparatus is shown in FIGS.
In both figures, 111 is an air pipe head, 118 is an air pipe / overflow pipe, 110 is a hull structure, 101 is a tank, 112 is a pouring branch pipe, 113 is a closing valve, 114 is a pouring main pipe, and 115 is an overflow main pipe. , 116 is an overflow branch pipe, and 117 is an air pipe.

4 is an overflow method in which the liquid in each tank 101 is discharged from the air pipe head 111 provided in the air pipe / overflow pipe 118 of each tank 101. The one shown in FIG. 115, the overflow branch pipe 116 of each tank 101 is connected to the overflow branch pipe 116 and the overflow main pipe 115 to discharge the liquid in each tank 101.
In a conventional overflow apparatus for a ship, generally, a main drainage pipe 114 and each tank 101 are connected to each other through a branch pipe 112 having a shutoff valve 113 interposed, and an air pipe / overflow pipe 118 is provided above each tank 101. Alternatively, the overflow branch pipe 116 and the overflow main pipe 115 are connected.

When the liquid is injected into each tank 101, the liquid is transferred to each tank 101 by a pump (not shown), and the air in each tank 101 is discharged from the air pipe head 111.
When the tank 101 is filled with liquid, the liquid overflows from the air pipe / overflow pipe 118 or the overflow branch pipe 116 and the overflow main pipe 115.

Such a conventional ship overflow apparatus has the following problems.
Regarding the air pipe / overflow pipe 118 or the overflow branch pipe 116 and the overflow main pipe 115 provided in the tank 101 for pouring and draining the liquid, the caliber is determined according to the classification rule so that the pressure acting on the tank 101 when overflowing does not become excessive. Is stipulated.
For this reason, the air pipe / overflow pipe 118 or the overflow branch pipe 116 and the overflow main pipe 115 cannot be the object of pipe weight reduction, and it is difficult to reduce the cost.

  Further, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, in a ship in which a plurality of tanks 101 for loading liquid substances are installed at the bottom of a dry cargo hold 109, an air pipe 107 is arranged at the top of each tank 101, and A short overflow pipe 102 with a check valve 103 is arranged at the top of the tank 101, a terminal end is opened in the slop tank 105, and the short overflow pipe 102 is connected to a common communication pipe 104 penetrating each tank 101. There has been proposed one equipped with a long overflow pipe 106 that reaches the upper deck 108 only at the top of the slop tank 105 (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Publication No.58-19515

  The present invention is intended to solve such problems of the conventional technology. The diameter of the air pipe and the overflow pipe arranged at the upper part of each tank is reduced to reduce the cost and to be loaded on the ship. An object is to provide an overflow device for increasing the weight.

And this invention achieves the said objective by each following means.
(1) The ship overflow method of the reference means includes a plurality of liquid tanks, a pouring / draining main pipe, a plurality of pouring / draining branch pipes connecting the liquid tanks and the pouring / draining main pipe, An overflow method for a ship having a plurality of shut-off valves respectively interposed in each of the pouring and draining branch pipes, and an air pipe / overflow pipe provided at an upper portion of each of the liquid tanks, one of which is the pouring and draining An overflow dedicated pipe is connected to the liquid main pipe and the other is opened to the outside of the ship. When the liquid injected into each liquid tank overflows, a large amount of liquid is released from the tank through the overflow dedicated pipe. It is characterized by that.

(2) It should be noted that the ship overflow device as a reference means includes a plurality of liquid tanks, a pouring / draining main pipe, a plurality of pouring / draining branch pipes connecting the liquid tanks and the pouring / draining main pipe, In a ship having a plurality of shut-off valves respectively interposed in each of the pouring / draining branch pipes and an air pipe / overflow pipe provided at the top of each liquid tank, one is connected to the pouring / draining main pipe. And the other is provided with an overflow exclusive pipe opened to the outside of the ship.

(3) It should be noted that in the ship overflow apparatus of the reference means, in the second means, the overflow exclusive pipe has an inverted U-shaped shape, and the check valve interposed in the overflow exclusive pipe And an air suction pipe connected to the top of the overflow dedicated pipe.

(4) The ship overflow apparatus of the first means includes a plurality of ballast tanks, a ballast main pipe, a plurality of ballast branch pipes connecting the ballast tanks and the ballast main pipe, and each ballast branch pipe. In a ship having a plurality of interposed shut-off valves, an air pipe / overflow pipe provided in an upper part of each ballast tank, and a ballast pump provided in the ballast main pipe, one is a discharge side of the ballast pump An overflow exclusive pipe having an inverted U-shape that is connected to the ballast main pipe and the other is opened to the outside of the ship, a check valve interposed in the overflow exclusive pipe, and a top portion of the overflow exclusive pipe And an air suction pipe connected to.

(5) The overflow apparatus for a ship of the second means is the overflow means in the first means, the plurality of air pipes / overflow pipes connecting the respective ballast tanks and the overflow main pipe, and the overflow main pipe. An air pipe connected to the overflow main pipe, a discharge pipe connected to the overflow main pipe, and a check valve provided in the discharge pipe.

(6) It should be noted that the ship overflow device as a reference means includes a plurality of oil tanks, a plurality of oil transfer main pipes provided in the respective oil tanks, and a plurality of oils connecting the respective oil tanks and the oil transfer main pipes. In a ship having a transfer branch pipe and a plurality of shutoff valves interposed in each of the oil transfer branch pipes, an air pipe / overflow pipe provided on an upper portion of each oil tank, an oil overflow tank, Is connected to the oil transfer main pipe on the discharge side of the oil transfer pump, and the other is an overflow dedicated pipe having an inverted U-shape that opens to the oil overflow tank, and a check provided in the overflow dedicated pipe A valve, an air pipe head connected to the top of the overflow dedicated pipe, and an overflow main pipe disposed at an upper portion of the oil tank and having an end opened to the oil overflow tank Characterized in that it comprises a plurality of overflow pipes for connecting the overflow main and each of the oil tank, and an air pipe connected to the oil overflow tank.

The invention according to each claim described in the claims employs each of the above-described means, and is used for a pouring / draining main pipe (ballast main pipe ) for transferring liquid (ballast water) to each liquid tank (ballast tank). By connecting a dedicated overflow pipe and escaping a large amount of liquid overflowing from each liquid tank to the outside of the tank from the overflow dedicated pipe, the flow rate of the overflowed liquid from the air pipe / overflow pipe is reduced, and the air pipe / overflow at the time of overflow Piping resistance in the pipe can be reduced.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the pipe weight by reducing the diameter of the air pipe / overflow pipe so that the pressure in each liquid tank does not become excessive, and it is possible to reduce the cost and increase the load capacity of the ship.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a ship overflow apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram of a ship overflow apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. These are the schematic systematic diagrams of the overflow apparatus of the ship which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

First, an overflow apparatus for a ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
What is shown in FIG. 1 is an example of an overflow device in a ship's ballast tank.
As shown in FIG. 1, a ballast tank 4 as a plurality of liquid tanks is provided in the hull structure 3 of the ship.
In FIG. 1, the ballast tank 4 is schematically illustrated in the vicinity of the center in the height direction of the hull structure 3, but the upper half of the hull structure 3 may also be provided in the bottom of the hull structure 3. It may be provided in.

Each ballast tank 4 is provided with a ballast main pipe 7 as a pouring / draining main pipe for pouring and draining seawater in each ballast tank 4 in the bow-stern direction of the hull structure 3.
The ballast main pipe 7 and each ballast tank 4 are connected to each other by ballast branch pipes 5 as pouring / draining branch pipes.
Each ballast branch pipe 5 is provided with a closing valve 6 for selecting a ballast tank 4 into which seawater should be poured and drained.

On the other hand, a ballast pump 10 as a liquid transfer pump is connected to the stern side of the ballast main pipe 7, and the other end of the ballast pump 10 is connected to the sea chest 11.
The ballast pump 10 is switched by a switching device including a pipe and a valve (not shown), thereby sucking seawater from the sea chest 11 and injecting it into the ballast tank 4, or seawater from the ballast tank 4 (not shown). It can be drained from the outboard outlet.

In the ship overflow apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, an air pipe / overflow pipe 20 is connected to the upper wall of the ballast tank 4.
Two air pipes / overflow pipes 20 are usually provided in each ballast tank 4.

One of the overflow dedicated pipes 13 is connected to the ballast main pipe 7 serving as a pouring / draining main pipe, and the other is connected to a seawater discharge port to the outside of the ship.
The connection place of the overflow exclusive pipe 13 can be an arbitrary place of the ballast main pipe 7.

  This overflow exclusive pipe 13 is provided in an inverted U-shape and extends upward from the upper wall of the ballast tank 4 and then faces downward and is connected to a seawater discharge port to the outside of the ship.

A check valve 16 is interposed in the overflow dedicated pipe 13, and a check valve 17 is interposed in the outboard penetration portion of the overflow dedicated pipe 13.
By interposing the check valve 16, air is not sucked when the ballast pump 10 is driven to discharge the seawater in the ballast tank 4.

An air suction pipe 14 is connected to the top of the overflow dedicated pipe 13.
The air suction pipe 14 prevents the overflow dedicated pipe 13 from being in a siphon state.

The overflow apparatus for a ship according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above. When ballasting, first, the closing valve 6 of the ballast tank 4 to be injected is opened.
Then, seawater is transferred from the sea chest 11 through the ballast main pipe 7 and the ballast branch pipe 5 to the ballast tank 4 by the ballast pump 10, and the air in the ballast tank 4 is discharged from the air pipe / overflow pipe 20.

  When seawater is fully loaded in the ballast tank 4, the seawater overflows from the air pipe / overflow pipe 20, and simultaneously, the seawater transferred from the ballast main pipe 7 to the overflow dedicated pipe 13 also overflows from the overflow dedicated pipe 13.

Note that the diameter of the air pipe and overflow pipe provided in each ballast tank 4 for pouring and draining seawater is regulated by the classification rules so that the pressure acting on each ballast tank 4 at the time of overflow does not become excessive.
On the other hand, in the ship overflow apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the overflow dedicated pipe 13 is connected to the ballast main pipe 7 for transferring seawater to each ballast tank 4, and each ballast A large amount of seawater overflowing from the tank 4 is discharged out of the tank through an overflow dedicated pipe 13 connected to the ballast main pipe 7.

Thereby, the flow volume of the seawater which overflows from the air pipe and overflow pipe 20 can be reduced, and the piping resistance in the air pipe and overflow pipe 20 at the time of overflow can be reduced.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the pipe weight by reducing the diameter of the air pipe / overflow pipe 20 without increasing the pressure in the ballast tank 4, thereby reducing the cost and increasing the load amount of the ship.

Next, an overflow apparatus for a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The characteristics of the second embodiment of the present invention are different from those of the first embodiment of the present invention described above in that instead of the air pipe / overflow pipe 20 arranged in each ballast tank 4, the air pipe The overflow pipe 2 and the overflow main pipe 8 are provided.
Therefore, the overflow exclusive pipe 13, the check valves 16, 17 and the air suction pipe 14 are provided as in the first embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, each ballast tank 4 is provided with an overflow main pipe 8 across the bow-stern direction of the hull structure 3.
A plurality of air pipes / overflow pipes 2 for connecting each ballast tank 4 and the overflow main pipe 8 are provided.

Note that two air / overflow pipes 2 are generally provided in each ballast tank 4 as in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Each air pipe / overflow pipe 2 is formed in an inverted U shape, and one end is connected to the ballast tank 4 and the other end is connected to the overflow main pipe 8.

An air pipe 9 extending upward from the upper deck of the hull structure 3 is connected to the overflow main pipe 8.
An air tube head 1 is attached to the tip of the air tube 9.
On the other hand, a discharge pipe 15 is connected to the overflow main pipe 8, and the seawater overflowing from the discharge pipe 15 is discharged out of the ship.
Further, a check valve 12 is interposed in the discharge pipe 15 so that seawater does not flow backward from the outside of the ship.

The overflow apparatus for a ship according to the second embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above. When ballasting is performed, first, the closing valve 6 of the ballast tank 4 to be injected is opened.
Then, the seawater is transferred from the sea chest 11 through the ballast main pipe 7 and the ballast branch pipe 5 to the ballast tank 4 by the ballast pump 10, and the air in the ballast tank 4 is supplied to the air pipe / overflow pipe 2, the overflow main pipe 8 and It passes through the air pipe 9 and is exhausted from the air pipe head 1.

  When the ballast tank 4 is filled with seawater and overflows, it is discharged from the overflow main pipe 8 connected to the air pipe / overflow pipe 2 of the ballast tank 4 through the discharge pipe 15 and the check valve 12 to the outside of the ship. Seawater transferred from the ballast main pipe 7 to the overflow exclusive pipe 13 is also discharged out of the ship through the check valve 16 and 17 from the overflow exclusive pipe 13.

Regarding the air pipes and overflow pipes provided in each ballast tank 4 for pouring and draining seawater, as described above, the diameter is prescribed by the classification rules so that the pressure acting on each ballast tank 4 when overflowing does not become excessive. Has been.
On the other hand, in the overflow apparatus for a ship according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the overflow dedicated pipe 13 is connected to the ballast main pipe 7 for transferring seawater to each existing ballast tank 4 as described above. If there is no dedicated pipe 13, a large amount of seawater that would overflow from each ballast tank 4 is discharged out of the tank through an overflow dedicated pipe 13 connected to the ballast main pipe 7.

Next, an overflow apparatus for a ship according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This third embodiment of the present invention is an example of an overflow device in a tank of fuel oil for a ship.
As shown in FIG. 3, a fuel oil tank 24 or the like as a plurality of liquid tanks is provided in the hull structure 23 of the ship.
In FIG. 3, the fuel oil tank 24 is schematically illustrated in the vicinity of the center in the vertical direction of the hull structure 23. However, the fuel oil tank 24 may be provided on the bottom half of the hull structure 23 or in the upper half of the hull structure 23. There is also.

  Each fuel oil tank 24 is provided with a fuel oil transfer main pipe 27 as a pouring / draining main pipe for pouring / discharging the oil in each fuel oil tank 24 in the bow-stern direction of the hull structure 23.

The fuel oil transfer main pipe 27 and each fuel oil tank 24 are connected to each other by a fuel oil transfer branch pipe 25 as a pouring / draining branch pipe.
Each of the fuel oil transfer branch pipes 25 is provided with a closing valve 26 for selecting a fuel oil tank 24 into which fuel oil should be poured and discharged.

And in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, the fuel oil overflow tank 32 is provided.
An air pipe 29 extending to the exposed portion of the hull structure 23 is connected to the upper wall of the fuel oil overflow tank 32, and an air pipe head 21 is attached to the tip of the air pipe 29.

An overflow dedicated pipe 30 is connected to the fuel oil transfer main pipe 27.
The overflow dedicated pipe 30 extends upward from the upper wall of the fuel oil tank 24 and then faces downward, and is piped in an inverted U shape so as to open into the fuel oil overflow tank 32.

A check valve 31 is interposed in the overflow dedicated pipe 30.
By interposing the check valve 31, air is not sucked when the fuel oil transfer pump (not shown) is driven to take out the fuel oil from the fuel oil tank 24.

An air suction pipe 33 extending to the exposed portion of the hull structure 23 is connected to the top of the overflow dedicated pipe 30.
An air pipe head 21 is provided at the upper end of the air suction pipe 33.
The air suction pipe 33 prevents the overflow dedicated pipe 30 from becoming a siphon state.

Further, an overflow main pipe 28 is provided across the bow-stern direction of the hull structure 23.
A plurality of air pipes / overflow pipes 22 connecting the fuel oil tanks 24 and the overflow main pipes 28 are provided.
In general, two air / overflow pipes 22 are provided in each fuel oil tank 24 as in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Each air tube / overflow tube 22 is formed in an inverted U shape.
The air or overflowed fuel oil flows into the fuel oil overflow tank 32 through the overflow main pipe 28.

  The overflow apparatus for a ship according to the third embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above. First, the closing valve 26 of the fuel oil tank 24 to be lubricated is opened, and from a bunker purge or the like (not shown), The fuel oil is supplied to each fuel oil tank 24 through the fuel oil transfer main pipe 27.

  At this time, the air in each fuel oil tank 24 flows into the fuel oil overflow tank 32 through the air pipe / overflow pipe 22 and the overflow main pipe 28, and then is exhausted from the air pipe head 21 through the air pipe 29.

When the fuel oil tank 24 is filled with fuel oil and overflows, the fuel oil mainly passes through the check valve 31 and the overflow dedicated pipe 30 and is collected in the fuel oil overflow tank 32.
Further, the overflowing fuel oil flowing into the fuel oil tank 24 passes through the air pipe / overflow pipe 22 and the overflow main pipe 28 of each fuel oil tank 24 and is recovered to the fuel oil overflow tank 32.
In this way, each closing valve 26 is opened and closed, and fuel oil is injected into each fuel oil tank 24.

Regarding the air pipes and overflow pipes provided in each fuel oil tank 24 for pouring and discharging the fuel oil, as described above, the classification rules are set so that the pressure acting on each fuel oil tank 24 at the time of overflow does not become excessive. Defines the aperture.
On the other hand, in the ship overflow device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the fuel oil overflow tank 32 is connected to the fuel oil transfer main pipe 27 for transferring the fuel oil to each existing fuel oil tank 24 as described above. The overflow dedicated pipe 30 leading to the fuel oil tank 24 is connected, and a large amount of fuel oil overflowing from each fuel oil tank 24 is discharged outside the tank through the overflow dedicated pipe 30 connected to the fuel oil transfer main pipe 27.

Thereby, the flow volume of the fuel oil which overflows from the air pipe and overflow pipe 22 can be reduced, and the piping resistance in the air pipe and overflow pipe 22 at the time of overflow can be reduced.
As a result, the pipe diameter can be reduced by reducing the diameter of the air pipe / overflow pipe 22 so that the pressure in the fuel oil tank 24 does not become excessive, and the cost can be reduced and the load capacity of the ship can be increased. .

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications may be made to the specific structure within the scope of the present invention. Nor.

1 is a schematic system diagram of a ship overflow device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic system diagram of the overflow apparatus of the ship which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the overflow apparatus of the ship which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the conventional overflow apparatus of a ship. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the conventional overflow apparatus of a ship. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the conventional overflow apparatus of a ship.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air pipe head 2 Air pipe and overflow pipe 3 Hull structure 4 Ballast tank 5 Ballast branch pipe 6 Shut-off valve 7 Ballast main pipe 8 Overflow main pipe 9 Air pipe 10 Ballast pump 11 Sea chest 12, 16, 17 Check valve 13 Overflow exclusive pipe Reference Signs List 14 air suction pipe 15 discharge pipe 20 air pipe / overflow pipe 21 air pipe head 22 air pipe / overflow pipe 23 hull structure 24 fuel oil tank 25 fuel oil transfer branch pipe 26 closing valve 27 fuel oil transfer main pipe 28 overflow main pipe 29 air pipe 30 overflow dedicated pipe 31 check valve 32 fuel oil overflow tank 33 air suction pipe 101 tank 102 short overflow pipe 103 check valve 104 communication pipe 105 slop tank 106 long overflow pipe 107 air pipe 10 Upper deck 109 hold 110 hull structure 111 air tube head 112 Note drainage branch pipe 113 closes valve 114 Note wastewater main 115 overflows main 116 air pipe and an overflow pipe 117 air tube 118 Air pipe and overflow pipe

Claims (2)

Multiple ballast tanks,
With ballast
A plurality of ballast branch pipes connecting each ballast tank and the ballast main pipe;
A plurality of shut-off valves respectively interposed in the respective ballast branch pipes;
An air pipe and an overflow pipe provided at the top of each ballast tank;
In a ship having a ballast pump provided in the ballast main pipe,
An overflow dedicated pipe having one side connected to the ballast main pipe on the discharge side of the ballast pump and the other having an inverted U-shape opened to the outside of the ship;
A check valve interposed in the overflow exclusive pipe;
An overflow apparatus for a ship, comprising: an air suction pipe connected to a top of the overflow dedicated pipe. An overflow master,
A plurality of the air pipes and overflow pipes connecting the ballast tanks and the overflow main pipe;
An air pipe connected to the overflow main pipe;
A discharge pipe connected to the overflow main pipe;
The ship overflow device according to claim 1 , further comprising a check valve provided in the discharge pipe.

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