JP4679412B2 - Water treatment system, drainage basin, water treatment method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water treatment technique, and more particularly to a technique for handling wastewater discharged at a facility or the like installed at an evacuation site at the time of a disaster.

In recent years, as the awareness and efforts for disasters such as large-scale earthquakes and fires have increased, movements to consider evacuation activities during disasters have become active, and in particular, wastewater discharged from facilities installed at various evacuation sites. There is a request to handle this reasonably. Specifically, it is assumed that the sewage pipe will be damaged in the event of a disaster such as a large-scale earthquake, but in such a case, the wastewater discharged from the facility cannot be sent to the sewer. Therefore, there is a problem that the drainage of the waste water is troubled. Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, a technique capable of rationally treating the wastewater discharged from the facility without flowing into the sewer is required.
For example, Patent Document 1 below shows the possibility of a system for treating domestic wastewater, but in a facility installed at an evacuation site at the time of a disaster, a rational water treatment system suitable for the facility There is a high demand for building.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-176348

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique effective for rationally handling wastewater discharged at facilities installed at an evacuation site at the time of a disaster. To do.

  The present invention is configured to solve the above problems. Note that the present invention reuses wastewater discharged from designated facilities designated as evacuation sites at the time of disasters or the attached areas of the designated facilities (hereinafter also referred to as “facility etc. at the time of disaster” or “facility etc.”). It is used suitably for the technique to do. The “designated facility” mentioned here typically includes a school facility, a meeting place (public hall), and the like. The “designated facility annexation area” here includes other facilities attached to the designated facility (such as a school-attached facility such as a gymnasium) and other facilities permanently installed in the vicinity of the designated facility (for example, A large-scale apartment house to which the meeting place belongs, or other facilities temporarily installed near the designated facility (for example, a temporary prefab or a temporary toilet) are widely included.

(First invention of the present invention)
1st invention of this invention which solves the said subject is a water treatment system as described in Claim 1. FIG.
The water treatment system according to claim 1 is configured as a water treatment system for reusing wastewater discharged from facilities or the like at the time of a disaster, and includes a distribution channel, a storage unit, a channel switching means, a reuse region, At least a second distribution channel is provided.

The distribution route of the present invention is configured as a route as a sewage pipe through which wastewater discharged from a facility or the like at the time of a disaster circulates to the sewer . This distribution channel is configured using piping that communicates with various types of purification treatment facilities, and typically includes sewers that communicate with sewage treatment facilities.

  The storage unit of the present invention is arranged as a region having a predetermined capacity to be disposed on the distribution route and to store drainage flowing through the distribution route. The predetermined capacity of the storage unit is typically defined based on the volume corresponding to the expected usage amount that is scheduled to be used in the reuse area.

  The flow path switching means of the present invention is arranged on the distribution path and is configured as a means for switching the flow path of the drainage so that the drainage flowing through the distribution path flows to the storage part in the event of a disaster. It should be noted that the “switching of the flow path” referred to here only requires that all or a part of the flow path be changed before and after the switching. For example, by switching the flow path at the time of a disaster, for example, The whole may flow to the storage part, or a part of the drainage flowing through the distribution path may flow to the storage part. In addition, regarding the specific configuration of the flow path switching means, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the flow path is switched between a communication state and a non-communication state by attaching and detaching members constituting the flow path switching means to the flow path. Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the flow path is switched by a rotation operation or a slide operation of a member permanently installed on the distribution path. Further, the flow path switching operation may be performed manually by an operator at the time of a disaster, or may be automatically performed based on detection of the occurrence of a disaster.

The reuse area | region of this invention is comprised as an area | region for using for the reuse the waste_water | drain stored in the said storage part while being set out of a storage part. A typical example of this reuse area is a toilet installed in a facility or the like, or a toilet water supply tank. It is preferable that a purification treatment mechanism is provided in the reuse area according to the quality of the wastewater stored in the storage unit.
The term “reuse” as used herein is intended to include a wide range of modes in which wastewater once discharged from a facility or the like at the time of a disaster is reused. In this case, the waste water is reused in the same area or in different areas for the same application or different applications. Specifically, wastewater once discharged from the facility at the time of a disaster is treated by a predetermined method or reused as toilet water without being treated, or once discharged from the facility at the time of a disaster The second aspect in which wastewater is reused as treated water for purification treatment of the wastewater is included in the category of “reuse” in the present invention. In the said 1st aspect, a reuse area | region is comprised at least by a toilet or a toilet water supply tank, and in the said 2nd aspect, a reuse area | region is comprised at least by the purification process part. The water that has been processed by the purification processing unit may be transferred to another reuse area (for example, a toilet or a toilet water supply tank), or may be discharged into a gutter as it is. In addition, regarding “reuse” as used herein, the water used for reuse may include treated water that has been subjected to a predetermined treatment, and depending on properties such as the concentration of pollutants and the degree of clarification, The treated water itself may be used.

  The second distribution path of the present invention is a distribution path different from the distribution path that extends between the storage section and the reuse area and transfers the wastewater stored in the storage section to the reuse area. Configured as In addition, this 2nd distribution path and the above-mentioned distribution path can be comprised by combining a piping member, a valve member, a pump, a connector, etc. suitably.

  According to such a configuration, at least the normal mode and the disaster mode can be formed by switching the flow path of the flow path switching means. In the normal mode, the waste water discharged from the facility or the like flows through the distribution channel as it is and flows to a predetermined purification treatment facility (for example, sewage treatment facility). In the disaster mode, the wastewater discharged from the facility or the like is once stored in the storage unit and then transferred to the reuse area through the second distribution channel.

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water treatment system capable of rationally handling the wastewater discharged at a facility installed at an evacuation site at the time of a disaster. In other words, in the present invention, it is possible to construct a water treatment system that reuses wastewater discharged from a facility or the like in a short time by setting the disaster mode by switching the flow path of the flow path switching means. Become. Further, in the present invention, by reusing wastewater discharged from facilities, etc., it is possible to eliminate water shortage at the time of a disaster, and to secure a living environment for displaced persons over a long period of time. Also, by storing wastewater discharged from facilities, etc. in the storage part only in the disaster mode, the wastewater is not stored in the storage part for a long period of time in normal times. It is possible to prevent the generation of malodor caused by the cause.

(Second invention of the present invention)
A second invention of the present invention that solves the above problem is a water treatment system as set forth in claim 2.
In this water treatment system according to claim 2, the reuse region according to claim 1 is configured to include a purification treatment unit that performs purification treatment of waste water transferred from the storage unit through the second distribution path. . As the purification processing unit, a processing unit including various purification processing functions such as solid-liquid separation processing, anaerobic processing, aerobic processing, and disinfection processing can be suitably used. As a result, the wastewater transferred from the storage unit through the second distribution path is reused as water to be treated in the purification processing unit, and after being subjected to a predetermined purification process, it is further transferred to another reuse destination and recycled. It is used or discharged directly into the side groove. The purification processing unit of the present invention may be configured as a temporary type that is installed at the site in the event of a disaster, or may be configured as a stationary type that is installed in advance at the site in case of a disaster.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 2, the rational water that is reused in the purification process according to the water quality of the drainage discharged from the facility installed at the evacuation site at the time of disaster. A processing system is provided.

(Third invention of the present invention)
A third invention of the present invention that solves the above problem is a water treatment system as set forth in claim 3.
In the water treatment system according to claim 3, the reuse area according to claim 2 is a flush toilet installed in the designated facility or the attached area with the purified water after being purified by the purification processing unit. It is set as the structure provided with the return means to return to. As a result, the purified water returned by the return means is reused as toilet water in the flush toilet.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 3, a rational water treatment system capable of reusing wastewater discharged from flush toilets such as facilities at the time of a disaster after being purified and reused as toilet water. Is provided.

(Fourth invention of the present invention)
A fourth invention of the present invention that solves the above problem is a drainage basin as described in claim 4.
The drainage basin according to claim 4 is configured as a structure that is disposed on a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of a disaster or a distribution route through which drainage discharged from an attached area of the designated facility circulates. The This drainage basin has an upper region and a lower region that are arranged in two layers in the vertical direction in the drainage basin.
The lower region is configured to include a storage unit and a second distribution channel. The storage section and the second distribution path have substantially the same functions as the storage section and the second distribution path that are components of the water treatment system according to claim 1.
In the upper region, among the parts of the flow path, a flow path connecting member that connects the upstream flow path upstream of the drainage basin and the downstream flow path downstream of the drainage basin is detachably provided. It has been. When the flow path connecting member is mounted, the upstream side flow path and the downstream side flow path are in communication with each other via the flow path connecting member. On the other hand, when the passage connecting member is attached or detached, the upstream side flow passage and the downstream side flow passage are disconnected from each other, and the waste water that has flowed through the upstream flow passage flows into the storage portion. As a result, when the flow path connecting member is detached in the event of a disaster, the waste water that has flowed through the upstream flow path that is not in communication with the downstream flow path is stored in the storage section, It will be transferred to the reuse area. Regarding the desorption operation of the passage connection member, it is sufficient that the upstream flow passage and the downstream flow passage are separated by this desorption operation. In addition to the mode of removing the passage connection member, the passage connection member is not cut or disconnected. The passage connecting member can be detached and attached depending on the mode of destruction.

  According to such a configuration, for example, at least a normal mode and a disaster mode can be formed by attaching and detaching the flow path connecting member. In the normal mode, the upstream-side flow passage and the downstream-side flow passage are communicated with each other through the attached flow-path connecting member, and the wastewater discharged from the facility or the like flows through the downstream-side flow passage as it is and passes through a predetermined flow path. It flows to a purification treatment facility (for example, sewage treatment facility). On the other hand, in the disaster mode, the upstream-side flow passage and the downstream-side flow passage are brought into a non-communication state by the attachment / detachment of the flow path connecting member, and the wastewater discharged from the facility or the like is temporarily stored in the storage portion, and then the second It is transferred to the reuse area through the distribution channel.

  Therefore, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drainage tub that can be suitably used in a water treatment system that rationally handles wastewater discharged at facilities installed at evacuation sites in the event of a disaster. Is done. That is, in the present invention, it is possible to construct a water treatment system for reusing wastewater discharged from facilities etc. in a short time by setting the mode at the time of disaster by simple desorption operation of the flow path connecting member. It becomes. Further, in the present invention, by reusing wastewater discharged from facilities, etc., it is possible to eliminate water shortage at the time of a disaster, and to secure a living environment for displaced persons over a long period of time. Also, by storing wastewater discharged from facilities, etc. in the storage part only in the disaster mode, the wastewater is not stored in the storage part for a long period of time in normal times. It is possible to prevent the generation of malodor caused by the cause.

(Fifth invention of the present invention)
A fifth invention of the present invention that solves the above problem is a drainage basin as described in claim 5.
In this drainage basin according to claim 5, the storage part according to claim 4 is configured to be connected through a second distribution path to a purification treatment part that purifies wastewater as a reuse area. As a result, the wastewater stored in the storage section at the time of a disaster is transferred to the purification processing section through the second distribution path, and is supplied to the purification processing in the purification processing section. This purification treatment unit has substantially the same function as the purification treatment unit that is a component of the water treatment system according to claim 2.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 5, in the water treatment system for reusing the wastewater discharged from the facilities installed at the evacuation site at the time of disaster according to the water quality of the wastewater. A drainage tub that can be suitably used is provided.

(Sixth invention of the present invention)
A sixth invention of the present invention that solves the above problem is a water treatment method as described in claim 6.
The water treatment method according to claim 6 is a water treatment method for performing water treatment to reuse wastewater discharged from a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of a disaster or an attached area of the designated facility. In this water treatment method, a storage part having a predetermined capacity for storing waste water and a waste water flowing through the distribution path are allowed to flow to the storage part on a distribution path as a sewer pipe through which waste water flows to the sewer. A flow path switching means capable of switching the flow path of the waste water and a second flow path different from the flow path for transferring the waste water stored in the storage section to a reuse area for reuse are installed. The The storage unit, the flow path switching unit, and the second flow path have substantially the same functions as the storage unit, the flow path switching unit, and the second flow path that are components of the water treatment system according to claim 1. Have
This water treatment method has at least a first step and a second step. The first step is a procedure for storing the waste water flowing through the distribution path in the storage unit by switching to the flow path by the flow path switching means in the event of a disaster. The second step is a procedure in which the wastewater stored in the storage unit in the first step is transferred to the reuse area through the second distribution route and reused.
Therefore, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the wastewater discharged from the facility installed at the evacuation site in the event of a disaster can be rationalized by sequentially performing the first step and the second step. A water treatment method that can be handled is provided.

(Seventh invention of the present invention)
A seventh invention of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problems is a water treatment method as described in claim 7.
In the water treatment method according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a purification treatment unit that performs purification treatment of waste water is installed on the second distribution path. This purification treatment unit has substantially the same function as the purification treatment unit that is a component of the water treatment system according to claim 2.
In this water treatment method, at the time of the second step according to claim 6, the waste water before being transferred to the reuse area is purified in the purification processing section.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 7, rational water for purifying and reusing wastewater discharged from facilities installed at an evacuation site at the time of disaster according to the quality of the wastewater. A processing method is provided.

(Eighth invention of the present invention)
An eighth invention of the present invention that solves the above-described problems is a water treatment method as described in claim 8.
In this water treatment method according to claim 8, the purified water after being purified by the purification unit is returned to the flush toilet installed in the designated facility or the attached area in the second step, It is reused as toilet water in this flush toilet.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 8, a rational water treatment method capable of reusing wastewater discharged from flush toilets such as facilities at the time of a disaster after being purified and reused as toilet water. Is provided.

  As described above, according to the present invention, particularly in the event of a disaster, the flow path of the waste water is switched to flow the waste water discharged from the facility or the like and flowing through the distribution path to the storage section, and the waste water stored in the storage section is discharged. By adopting a configuration for reuse, it has become possible to provide an effective technique for rationally handling wastewater discharged from facilities.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, wastewater discharged from a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of a disaster or an area attached to the designated facility (hereinafter also referred to as “facility 10”) (drainage in a bathroom, toilet, etc.) Is a water reuse system that is reused in the event of a disaster. The “designated facility” in the present embodiment typically includes a school facility, a meeting place (public hall), and the like. In addition, in the “designated facility annexation area” in the present embodiment, other facilities attached to the designated facility (for example, a school-attached facility such as a gymnasium) and other permanent facilities in the vicinity of the designated facility are included. Facilities (for example, large-scale apartment houses to which meetinghouses belong or are adjacent), other facilities (for example, temporary prefabs or temporary toilets) temporarily installed in the vicinity of designated facilities are widely included.

A schematic configuration of a water reuse system 100 which is an embodiment of a “water treatment system” in the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. This water reuse system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a water reuse system that reuses wastewater discharged from a facility 10 and flowing into a sewer (sewage treatment facility) in the event of a disaster.
The waste water discharged from the facility 10 is typically waste water containing manure discharged from the toilet, waste water containing surfactants discharged from the wash surface, or waste water mixed with these waste water. It is. This drainage is discharged from each part of the facility 10 through the discharge pipe 12 to the sewer pipe 14. The sewage pipe 14 is a distribution path through which wastewater discharged from the facility 10 circulates, and corresponds to the “distribution path” in the present invention.

  The water reuse system 100 of the present embodiment generally includes at least a drainage basin 110, a water intake unit 130, a purification treatment unit 150, and a return unit 170, as viewed generally.

  The drainage basin 110 is configured as a bowl-like structure that is interposed on the sewage pipe 14 through which drainage flows to the sewer. The drainage basin 110 corresponds to the “drainage basin” in the present invention. The drainage basin 110 has an upper region 111 and a lower region 112 arranged in two layers in the vertical direction in the space inside the drainage basin. Moreover, the upper opening formed in the upper part of the space of the drainage basin 110 is appropriately covered with a lid-like member.

  In the lower region 112 of the drainage basin 110, a storage unit 113 disposed on the sewer pipe 14 and having a predetermined capacity for storing the drainage flowing to the sewer, and the drainage stored in the storage unit 113 are stored. It is set as the structure containing the water intake part 130 transferred to the purification process part 150 for using for a reuse. Regarding the predetermined capacity of the storage unit 113, typically, the expected processing amount to be processed in the purification processing unit 150, the expected usage amount when using the treated water after being processed in the purification processing unit 150, etc. It is defined based on the corresponding volume. The lower region 112 here corresponds to the “lower region” in the present invention, and the storage portion 113 of the lower region 112 corresponds to the “reservoir portion” in the present invention.

  In the upper region 111 of the drainage basin 110, the flow connecting the upstream side piping 16 upstream of the drainage basin 110 and the downstream side piping 18 downstream of the drainage basin 110 among the parts of the sewer pipe 14. A road connecting member 120 is detachably provided. The flow path connecting member 120 is attached in a normal time (also referred to as “normal time mode”) and detached in a disaster (also referred to as “disaster time mode”). The upper region 111 here corresponds to the “upper region” in the present invention. Further, the upstream pipe 16 constitutes an “upstream flow path” in the present invention, and the downstream pipe 18 constitutes a “downstream flow path” in the present invention.

  When the flow path connecting member 120 is attached at normal time, the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18 are brought into a communication state via the flow path connecting member 120. Therefore, in this communication state, the waste water that has flowed through the upstream pipe 16 flows to the downstream pipe 18 side as it is, and after passing through the downstream pipe 18, is transferred to the sewer.

  On the other hand, in the event of a disaster such as a large-scale earthquake disaster, it is assumed that the downstream piping 18 of the sewage pipe 14 is damaged. In such a case, the drainage discharged from the facility 10 is used as the downstream piping. 18 is not allowed to flow into the sewer. In a large-scale disaster, the number of evacuees evacuating to the facility 10 is expected to increase considerably. In such a case, water shortage in the facility 10 may occur.

  Therefore, when the flow path connecting member 120 is detached at the time of a disaster, the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18 are disconnected from each other by being divided. Therefore, in this non-communication state, the waste water that has flowed through the upstream pipe 16 flows into the storage section 113 without flowing into the downstream pipe 18 and is stored. Thus, there is no need to drain the wastewater discharged from the facility 10 through the downstream pipe 18 to the sewer. In addition, the wastewater discharged from the facility 10 can be reused after being purified by the purification processing unit 150.

  As described above, the flow path connecting member 120 of the present embodiment is means for switching the flow path of the waste water to flow the waste water flowing through the flow path to the storage portion 113 in the event of a disaster. Corresponding to “road switching means”. Further, the flow path connecting member 120 of the present embodiment is detachably provided to connect the upstream pipe 16 upstream of the drainage basin 110 and the downstream pipe 18 downstream of the drainage basin 110. The flow path connecting member 120 corresponds to the “flow path connecting member” in the present invention.

  Here, a specific configuration of the flow path connecting member 120 which is the first embodiment of the “flow path switching means” or “flow path connecting member” in the present invention is shown in FIG.

  The flow path connecting member 120 shown in FIG. 2 is configured as a pipe-like member having a pipe inner diameter corresponding to the pipe outer diameters of the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18. The flow path connecting member 120 is formed using a resin material, a rubber material, or the like. Under normal conditions, the operator inserts the flow path connecting member 120 between the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18, inserts one end into the upstream pipe 16, and connects the other end to the downstream pipe 18. The flow path connecting member 120 can be put into the mounted state by a manual operation to be inserted into the channel. Thus, the flow path connecting member 120 itself forms a flow path that communicates the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18. On the other hand, at the time of a disaster, the operator sets the flow path connection member 120 in a detached state by a manual operation for releasing the insertion of the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18 at both ends of the flow path connection member 120. Can do. Alternatively, the communication between the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18 is released by cutting or destroying the flow path connecting member 120 by an operator.

  Further, regarding the embodiment of the “flow channel switching means” or “flow channel connecting member” in the present invention, the specific configuration of the flow channel connecting member 220 according to the second embodiment is shown in FIG. A specific configuration of a certain flow path connecting member 320 is shown in FIG.

  The flow path connection member 220 shown in FIG. 3 is configured as a screw-in type pipe joint capable of connecting the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18. The flow path connection member 220 is formed using a resin material, a rubber material, or the like. Under normal conditions, the operator interposes the flow path connecting member 220 between the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18 and then screwes one end into the upstream pipe 16 and the other end into the downstream pipe 18. The flow path connecting member 220 can be put into a mounted state by manual operation. As a result, the flow path connecting member 220 itself forms a flow path that communicates the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18. On the other hand, at the time of a disaster, the operator may put the flow path connection member 220 into a detachable state by a manual operation for releasing screwing of the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18 at both ends of the flow path connection member 220. it can. Alternatively, the communication between the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18 is released by cutting or destroying the flow path connecting member 220 by an operator.

  The flow path connecting member 320 shown in FIG. 4 is configured as a lid-like member that can be constructed so as to close the upper opening of the drainage basin 110. The flow path connecting member 320 includes a groove 321 having a U-shaped cross section extending along the extending direction of the upstream pipe 16 and the downstream pipe 18. The flow path connecting member 320 is formed using a resin material, a rubber material, or the like. During normal times, the operator can put the flow path connection member 320 into a mounted state by a manual operation of installing the flow path connection member 320 between the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18. Thus, the groove 321 of the flow path connecting member 320 forms a flow path that connects the upstream side pipe 16 and the downstream side pipe 18. On the other hand, at the time of a disaster, the operator can put the flow path connecting member 320 into a detached state by a manual operation of grasping the handle 322 and removing the flow path connecting member 320.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the water intake unit 130 includes at least a water intake pump 131 and a water intake pipe 132. The intake pump 131 is configured as a so-called “submersible pump” that is installed in the storage unit 113. The reservoir 113 in which the intake pump 131 is installed is also referred to as a “pump pit” that houses the pump. The intake pipe 132 is a distribution path extending between the intake pump 131 and the purification processing unit 150, and is configured as a separate distribution path different from the sewer pipe 14. Accordingly, waste water (also referred to as “sewage”) stored in the storage unit 113 is pumped up by the pump function of the intake pump 131 and discharged to the intake pipe 132, and is transferred to the purification processing unit 150 through the intake pipe 132. The

  The purification processing unit 150 is equipped with a purification processing mechanism, which will be described later. Purified treated water purified by the purification processing mechanism (also referred to as “treated water”) is sent to the return unit 170. The return unit 170 includes at least a return pump 171, a return pipe 172, and a discharge pipe 173. The purification processing unit 150 may be configured as a temporary type installed at the site in the event of a disaster, or may be configured as a stationary type that is installed in advance at the site in preparation for a disaster.

  The return pump 171 is configured as an underwater installation type submersible pump similar to the intake pump 131 installed in the pump tank 170a. The return pipe 172 is configured as a distribution path extending between the return pump 171 and the toilet water supply section of the facility 10 or the like. Accordingly, the treated water stored in the pump tank 170 a is pumped up by the pump function of the return pump 171, discharged to the return pipe 172, and transferred to the toilet water supply tank 11 of the facility 10 through the return pipe 172. The return pump 171 and the return pipe 172 constitute the “return means” in the present invention.

In normal times, the water supply from the water supply is used as toilet water for the toilet water supply tank 11 of the facility 10 or the like, but the treated water from the purification processing unit 150 is reused as toilet water as in the present embodiment. This makes it possible to suppress the amount of water supplied from the water supply to the toilet water supply tank 11. Thus, it is particularly effective to solve the water shortage in the facility 10 by operating the water intake unit 130, the purification processing unit 150, and the return unit 170 at least during a disaster. The toilet water supply tank 11 is an area for reusing the wastewater stored in the storage section 113 and constitutes a “reuse area” in the present invention. The toilet water supply tank 11 may include a purification processing unit 150 and a return unit 170 that are upstream components thereof, and may be a “reuse area” in the present invention. When the amount of water is larger than the treated water used as toilet water, surplus water that becomes surplus is appropriately discharged into a gutter or the like through the discharge pipe 173.

As described above, between the storage unit 113 and the toilet water supply tank 11 of the facility 10 or the like, the water stored in the storage unit 113 is reused through the water intake unit 130, the purification processing unit 150, and the return unit 170. A series of distribution routes is formed, and the distribution route constitutes the “second distribution route” in the present invention.
Further, the detaching operation of the flow path connecting member 120 at the time of disaster is a procedure for storing the waste water in the storage section 113 by switching the drain flow path from the downstream pipe 18 side to the storage section 113 side. This corresponds to the “first step” in the invention. Further, by operating the water intake unit 130, the purification processing unit 150, and the return unit 170 at the time of a disaster, the waste water stored in the storage unit 113 is reused in the toilet water supply tank 11, and the waste water of the storage unit 113 is discharged. This series of procedures of returning the water to the toilet water supply tank 11 after purifying the water corresponds to the “second step” in the present invention.

Here, the configuration of the purification processing unit 150 of the present embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the purification processing unit 150 includes a purification processing mechanism between the inflow port 151 and the outflow port 158. This purification processing mechanism includes a contaminant removal tank 152, an anaerobic treatment tank 153, a biological treatment tank 154, a treated water tank 155, a disinfection tank (disinfection chamber) 156, and a storage tank 157.

In the contaminant removal tank 152, contaminants such as solid matter in the treated water are separated into solid and liquid and removed from the treated water. Although not particularly shown in the anaerobic treatment tank 153, there is provided a filter medium to which anaerobic microorganisms for anaerobic treatment (reduction treatment) of organic pollutants in the treated water are provided. Organic pollutants in the treated water are anaerobically treated by anaerobic microorganisms. In the biological treatment tank 154, although not particularly shown, a biological treatment region is formed in which a granular carrier to which aerobic microorganisms for aerobic treatment (oxidation treatment) of organic contaminants in the water to be treated are flowably packed is formed. In this biological treatment tank 154, the water to be treated is aerobically treated by supplying aeration air. In the treated water tank 155, the sedimentation of the solid component is promoted, and the treated water is thereby calmed down. In addition, it is good also as a structure which recirculates a part of to-be-processed water in the treated water tank 155 to upstream process tanks, such as the contaminant removal tank 152, by an air lift pump etc., and receives a process from an upstream side again. In the sterilization tank 156, the water to be treated is sterilized. In the storage tank 157, the water to be treated is stored for a while, so that further sedimentation of the solid component is promoted during the storage.
In addition, when the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater flowing into the purification processing unit 150 is relatively low, the configuration of the contaminant removal tank 152, anaerobic treatment tank 153, etc. is omitted as appropriate, and an aeration tank, a precipitation tank, etc. are appropriately used. It is also possible to arrange and configure.

As described above, according to the water reuse system 100 and the water treatment method using the water reuse system 100 according to the present embodiment, the wastewater discharged from the facility 10 at the time of disaster can be rationally reused. It becomes possible to handle. That is, the water treatment system for reusing wastewater discharged from the facility 10 can be shortened by setting the disaster mode by simply attaching and detaching (flow path switching) of the flow path connecting members 120, 220, and 320. It becomes possible to build with. In addition, by reusing wastewater discharged from facilities 10 etc., it is possible to eliminate water shortages in the event of a disaster and to ensure the living environment of refugees (use of flush toilets) over a long period of time. Become. Further, by storing the waste water discharged from the facility 10 only in the disaster mode in the storage unit 113, the waste water is not stored in the storage unit 113 for a long time in a normal time. Odor generation caused by sludge can be prevented.
In addition, according to the present embodiment, a rational water treatment technology for reusing the wastewater discharged at the facility 10 at the time of a disaster by purifying it by the purification processing unit 150 according to the quality of the wastewater. It becomes possible to provide. Furthermore, a rational water treatment technique is provided that allows wastewater discharged from the flush toilet of the facility 10 or the like at the time of a disaster to be reused as toilet water after being purified by the purification processing unit 150.

[Other Embodiments]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to said embodiment, A various application and deformation | transformation can be considered. For example, each of the following embodiments to which the above embodiment is applied can be implemented.

  In the said embodiment, although the case where it purify | cleans as a to-be-processed water in the purification process part 150 was described as one form which reuses the waste_water | drain discharged | emitted in the facilities 10 etc., in this invention, it purifies depending on the water quality of waste_water | drain. The purification function such as the processing unit 150 can be omitted or bypassed.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the flow-path connection member 120,220,320 attached / detached with respect to the sewer pipe 14 was used as a flow-path switching means which switches the flow path of a waste_water | drain was described, in this invention, circulation It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the flow path is switched by a rotating operation or a sliding operation of a member permanently installed on the path.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the water reuse system 100 which is one Embodiment of the "water treatment system" in this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific structure of the flow-path connection member 120 which is 1st Embodiment of the "flow-path switching means" or "flow-path connection member" in this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific structure of the flow-path connection member 220 which is 2nd Embodiment regarding embodiment of the "flow-path switching means" or the "flow-path connection member" in this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific structure of the flow-path connection member 320 which is 3rd Embodiment regarding embodiment of the "flow-path switching means" or "flow-path connection member" in this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the purification process part 150 of this Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Facility etc. 11 ... Toilet water tank 12 ... Drain pipe 14 ... Sewage pipe 16 ... Upstream piping 18 ... Downstream piping 100 ... Water reuse system 110 ... Drainage 111 ... Upper area 112 ... Lower area 113 ... Reservoir 120 , 220, 320 ... flow path connecting member 130 ... water intake part 131 ... water intake pump 132 ... water intake piping 150 ... purification treatment part 151 ... inflow port 152 ... contaminant removal tank 153 ... anaerobic treatment tank 154 ... biological treatment tank 155 ... treatment water tank 156 ... Disinfection tank 157 ... Storage tank 158 ... Outlet 170 ... Return part 170a ... Pump tank 171 ... Return pump 172 ... Return pipe 173 ... Discharge pipe

Claims (8)

A distribution route as a sewer pipe through which wastewater discharged from a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of disaster or an attached area of the designated facility flows to the sewer ,
A storage unit disposed on the distribution path and having a predetermined capacity to store drainage flowing through the distribution path;
A flow path switching means for switching the flow path of the drainage so as to flow the wastewater flowing through the circulation path to the storage unit in the event of a disaster,
A reusable area for setting the outside of the reservoir and for reuse of wastewater stored in the reservoir,
A second distribution path different from the distribution path that extends between the storage section and the reuse area and transfers the wastewater stored in the storage section to the reuse area;
A water treatment system comprising: The water treatment system according to claim 1,
The water treatment system is characterized in that the reuse region includes a purification treatment unit that performs purification treatment of wastewater transferred from the storage unit through the second distribution path. The water treatment system according to claim 2,
The reuse area includes a return means for returning the purified water that has been purified by the purification processing section to a flush toilet installed in the designated facility or annexed area, whereby the return means The purified water that has been returned is reused as toilet water in the flush toilet. A drainage trough disposed on a distribution channel through which drainage discharged from a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of a disaster or an attached area of the designated facility,
It has an upper region and a lower region arranged in two layers in the vertical direction in the drainage basin,
The said lower area | region transfers the storage part which has a predetermined | prescribed capacity | capacitance in order to store the waste_water | drain which distribute | circulates the said distribution route, and the said distribution | circulation which transfers the waste_water | drain stored in the said storage part to the reuse area | region A configuration including a second distribution route different from the route,
A flow path connecting member that connects an upstream flow path upstream of the drainage basin and a downstream flow path downstream of the drainage basin is attached to and detached from the upper region. When the flow path connecting member is mounted, the upstream flow path and the downstream flow path are in communication with each other via the flow path connecting member. At the time of desorption, the upstream flow passage and the downstream flow passage are disconnected from each other by being disconnected, and the wastewater that has flowed through the upstream flow passage flows into the storage portion.
Thereby, when the flow path connecting member is detached at the time of the disaster, the waste water that has flowed through the upstream flow path that is not in communication with the downstream flow path is stored in the storage unit, A drainage basin characterized by being transferred to the reuse area through a second distribution channel. The drainage basin according to claim 4,
The storage unit is configured to be connected to a purification processing unit that performs wastewater purification processing as the reuse area through the second distribution path, and thereby the wastewater stored in the storage unit at the time of the disaster is A drainage basin characterized in that it is transferred to the purification treatment section through a second distribution channel and is subjected to purification treatment in the purification treatment section. A water treatment method for performing water treatment to reuse wastewater discharged from a designated facility designated as an evacuation site at the time of a disaster or an attached area of the designated facility,
On the distribution path as a sewer pipe through which the drainage flows to the sewer , a storage unit having a predetermined capacity for storing the drainage, and the drainage of the drainage to flow the drainage flowing through the distribution path to the storage unit. A flow path switching means capable of switching the flow path, and a second distribution path different from the distribution path for transferring the waste water stored in the storage section to a reuse area for reuse,
At the time of the disaster, by switching to the flow path by the flow path switching means, the first step of storing the waste water flowing through the distribution path in the storage unit, and the first step to the storage unit A water treatment method comprising a second step of transporting and reusing the stored wastewater to the reuse area through the second distribution channel. The water treatment method according to claim 6,
On the second distribution channel, a purification treatment unit that performs wastewater purification treatment is installed,
In the second step, the water treatment method is characterized in that the waste water before being transferred to the reuse area is purified in the purification treatment unit. The water treatment method according to claim 7,
In the second step, the purified water that has been purified by the purification unit is returned to the flush toilet installed in the designated facility or attached area, and reused as toilet water in the flush toilet A water treatment method characterized by:

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