JP4671234B2 - Pan / tilt zoom device and pan / tilt device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pan / tilt zoom apparatus characterized by a pan / tilt method and a focal length switching method, and a pan / tilt apparatus characterized by a pan / tilt method.

As a zoom device that can switch the focal length of a lens, there is a method that is performed by moving an optical system composed of a large number of lenses. Further, as a method of performing pan / tilt to move the angle of view up, down, left, and right, it is general to provide a pan head that supports the entire optical system and change the direction of the pan head.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-23809 JP-A-3-194502 JP-A-8-320404 JP-A-5-323105 JP 2004-85725 A

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in-vehicle cameras are sometimes equipped with in-vehicle cameras for the purpose of grasping road conditions, external environments, other vehicles, and the like. In addition, cameras are often mounted on mobile devices such as mobile phones. Various devices are incorporated in automobiles and portable devices, and the size of the devices to be incorporated is desired to be as small as possible.

  In view of such circumstances, the method of changing the focal length by moving the lens requires a mechanism for moving the lens, which not only increases the physique, but also reduces the responsiveness. Further miniaturization is desired. Also, the conventional device that performs panning and tilting is large in size and poor in responsiveness like the zoom device.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a problem to be solved is to provide a pan / tilt zoom device capable of switching pan, tilt, and focal length with a new mechanism for the purpose of downsizing. To do. Another object to be solved is to provide a pan / tilt device that can perform pan and tilt only with a new mechanism.

(1) A pan-tilt zoom apparatus according to the present invention that solves the above-described problem is a multifocal lens in which lens regions having different focal lengths are concentrically combined so that the focal length becomes longer in multiple steps toward the outer circumferential direction;
A first mirror group having one or more first mirror reflecting surfaces on the imaging side of the multifocal lens and facing the multifocal lens; and between the first mirror group and the multifocal lens A second mirror group having one or more second mirror reflecting surface portions facing the reflecting surface side of the first mirror group, and each light bundle that has passed through the lens regions having different focal lengths is the first mirror group. Focal length between the mirror group and the second mirror group, which sequentially reflects toward the central portion of the multifocal lens, and makes the image planes of the lens regions having different focal lengths coincide in the vicinity of the central portion Adjusting means;
A focal length selection means for selecting the light bundle that forms an image on the imaging surface by shielding or transmitting one or more of the light bundles that have passed through the lens regions of the multifocal lens;
And a pan / tilt mechanism that swings one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface.

  In other words, a zoom device is realized by adopting a multifocal lens having a plurality of focal length lens regions and selecting a necessary focal length from among them. Specifically, the position of the final image plane is matched by turning back the optical path using mirror reflection according to the focal length that differs for each lens area. In this case, the necessary focal length ratio can be realized by adjusting the mirror interval. When a lens region having a long focal length in a multifocal lens is used, the angle of view becomes small, so that one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface are swung to perform pan / tilt.

  Then, by transmitting only the light beam that has passed through the lens area having the necessary focal length, or by subtracting other information on the contrary (physical shielding of other light beams and differential processing by information processing) ), An optical system having a necessary focal length can be realized.

  Prior art related to the following is disclosed. First, there is a method of switching the focal length using a multifocal lens instead of moving the lens group (Patent Documents 1 to 3). Patent Document 1 discloses a multifocal lens in which the focal length differs between the central portion and the outer peripheral portion. Patent Document 2 discloses an optical system in which a plurality of lenses having different focal lengths are focused on the same point on one optical axis. Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which a doughnut-shaped outer lens and an inner lens are arranged on the same optical axis to form an image on the same focal plane.

  Moreover, the structure which reduces the unnecessary light irradiated by the bifocal lens whose focal distance of a center part is longer than the focal distance of a peripheral part is disclosed (patent document 4). And the structure which shortens the full length of a lens of a long focal distance using two mirrors is disclosed (patent document 5).

  (2) A pan / tilt device that solves the above problem includes a lens, a first mirror group that includes one or more first mirror reflecting surfaces on the imaging side of the lens and facing the lens, and the first mirror. A second mirror group having one or more second mirror reflecting surface portions between the group and the lens and facing the reflecting surface side of the first mirror group, and the light flux that has passed through the lens is the first mirror group. A focal length adjusting means for sequentially reflecting each of the first mirror group and the second mirror group toward the central portion of the multifocal lens, and the first mirror reflecting surface and the second mirror reflecting surface, And a pan-tilt mechanism that swings one or more.

  By inserting the first mirror group and the second mirror group in the optical system and reflecting the light beam between them, the size of the optical system can be made smaller than the actual focal length and the mirror is driven. Pan and tilt can be realized.

  In the pan / tilt / zoom device of the present invention, it is not necessary to move the lens greatly for selecting and switching the focal length, and the focal length can be switched with a simple mechanism. The physique can be reduced by omitting, and responsiveness can be improved. The mirror can be easily reduced in weight compared to a lens and the like, so that the physique can be reduced and the responsiveness can be improved.

  (1) First Embodiment: The pan / tilt / zoom apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below based on a specific embodiment. The pan / tilt / zoom device of the present invention can be used in an optical apparatus such as a camera. Since the physique can be reduced (especially, the overall length of the apparatus can be shortened), it can be suitably used for a portable camera or a vehicle-mounted camera with a limited mounting space. In addition, the pan / tilt / zoom device of the present embodiment can be realized by a microlens, and a necessary number can be arranged in a matrix. The arrangement of the microlenses can be not only planar but also spherical.

  The pan / tilt zoom apparatus of this embodiment includes a multifocal lens, a focal length adjusting unit, a focal length selecting unit, and a pan / tilt mechanism. The multifocal lens is a concentric combination of lens regions having different focal lengths so that the focal length becomes longer in multiple steps toward the outer peripheral direction. The lens area may be two or more. In addition to a general lens that uses refraction on the surface, a refractive index distribution lens, a diffractive lens, or the like can also be used for the lens region. As a general lens, any lens such as a spherical lens, an aspheric lens (mainly an aspherical lens for removing aberrations), a Fresnel lens, and the like can be given. In order to reduce the thickness, it is desirable to employ a Fresnel lens, a gradient index lens, a diffractive lens, or the like.

  As a method of combining the lens regions, a central portion, a peripheral portion thereof (preferably an annular ring), and a peripheral portion thereof are arranged concentrically as many as necessary focal lengths. It is particularly desirable to arrange them concentrically. In addition, even if the optical axes of the lens areas do not coincide with each other, they can be coincided by a focal length adjusting unit described later (for example, it can be realized by the shape, angle, etc. of the reflecting surface portion), but the multifocal lens alone However, it is desirable to match in advance in the lens regions of all focal lengths. The focal length of each lens region is increased as it goes to the outer periphery.

  The focal length adjusting means has a first mirror group and a second mirror group. This means makes the image plane coincide with lens regions having different focal lengths. The difference in focal length for each lens region is that the distance that reflects between the first mirror reflecting surface portion of the first mirror group and the second mirror reflecting surface portion of the second mirror group is changed according to the focal length of each lens region. Adjust by. That is, the light beam from each lens region having a different focal length is adjusted by adjusting the number of reflected light beams transmitted through each lens region at the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion (may be zero). The planes on which the bundles are imaged can be matched.

  Each of the first and second mirror reflecting surface portions can use a member such as a half mirror that transmits a part of the light beam as it is and reflects the rest. By employing the half mirror, the arrangement positions of the first and second mirror reflecting surface portions can be determined flexibly. That is, it becomes easy to optimize the position of each reflecting surface portion for each light bundle from each lens region.

  The shape of the first and second mirror reflecting surface portions of the first and second mirror groups is not limited as long as the light flux from the lens region finally has the same image plane. The first and second mirror reflecting surface portions are shaped so as to reflect the light flux toward the vicinity of the central portion of the multifocal lens so that an imaging surface is formed in the vicinity of the central portion of the multifocal lens.

  For example, by making both the first and second mirror reflecting surface portions planar, the light beam bent so as to converge toward the central portion by passing through the lens region of the multifocal lens is directly in the central portion. Reflected sequentially toward the vicinity. And it can also be made into a curved surface as needed, such as removing aberrations. Either a spherical surface or an aspheric surface can be adopted as the curved surface.

  Moreover, the effect | action as a lens can also be exhibited by making it into a curved surface. That is, by making the reflecting surface portion a curved surface, a part or all of the functions of the lens area of the multifocal lens can be provided. For example, as a multifocal lens, a short-focus lens is disposed near the center, and a flat lens (having an infinite focal length) is disposed in the vicinity thereof, and the first mirror reflecting surface portion that reflects the light beam transmitted through the flat lens. By making the shape of this lens equivalent to that of a long focus lens rather than a short focus lens near the center, the same effect as when a multifocal lens with a short focus near the center and a long focus around the center is adopted. Can demonstrate.

  When the shape of the second mirror reflecting surface portion matches the shape of the imaging side of the multifocal lens (for example, both are flat surfaces), the second mirror reflecting surface portion is metal on the imaging side of the multifocal lens. It can also be formed by vapor deposition.

  The focal length selection unit is a unit that selects a light bundle that forms an image on the imaging surface by selectively shielding one or more of the light bundles that have passed through the lens regions of the multifocal lens. By selectively shielding the beam bundle, only the remaining beam bundle forms an image, and an optical system having a necessary focal length can be realized.

  The means for shielding the light bundle can be provided corresponding to all of the light bundles transmitted through all the lens regions, or can be provided corresponding to only a part of the lens regions. If only a part is provided, an optical system in which the light bundle corresponding to the other lens area is directly shielded cannot be realized, but calculation (difference, etc.) is performed between the images before and after shielding the other light bundle. ), It is possible to realize an optical system in the case where a light beam corresponding to other lens regions is shielded.

  Specifically, any means may be used as a means for shielding the light flux. For example, for one or more of the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion, the control unit that controls the position, the reflection characteristics, and / or the transmittance transmits the light bundle that has passed through each lens region of the multifocal lens. A means for selecting a light beam focused on the image plane can be employed. By controlling the reflection characteristics and / or transmissivity of some of the first and / or second reflecting surface portions, only the necessary light flux can be guided to the imaging surface. Moreover, the same effect | action is acquired by changing the position of each reflective surface part (for example, direction, the presence or absence of a reflective surface part, etc.).

  In addition, an opaque member (a combination of a plate-like member, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal shutter, etc. The liquid crystal shutter controls the light transmittance by changing the direction of liquid crystal molecules by an applied potential or the like) of each light bundle. It can also be realized by inserting it in the optical path.

  Further, the focal length selection means can be composed of a polarization imparting means and a polarization transmission control means. This configuration is similar to the liquid crystal shutter described above. A member such as a liquid crystal whose transmittance can be changed by the difference in polarization in the vicinity of the image plane after giving different polarized light to the group of focal lengths simultaneously selected by this means to the light bundle transmitted through each lens region. By disposing, the light flux reaching the imaging plane can be selected.

  In particular, when realizing a pan / tilt / zoom device that selects between two focal lengths, the beam bundles passing through the respective lens regions corresponding to different focal lengths are given more orthogonal polarization to provide more separation. The light flux can be selected with good quality.

(Control of focal length ratio (magnification))
Hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, the case where there are two lens regions will be described. The following explanation is valid even when there are three or more lens regions having different focal lengths. That is, between two arbitrary lens regions, the image plane can be matched while maintaining the focal length ratio (magnification) in the following description. By sequentially matching the imaging planes one by one, the imaging planes can be matched between the respective lens regions.

When the distance between the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion is constant, the imaging surface is arbitrarily moved by controlling the number of times of reflection between the first mirror group and the second mirror group Can do. That is, the position of the imaging plane is controlled by changing the distance from the reflection to the imaging plane. Here, the ratio of the number of times of reflection is the focal length ratio (magnification). It is more convenient to determine the focal length of the lens area based on the number of reflections instead of changing the number of reflections (that is, the distance from the lens area to the imaging plane) according to the focal length. .

  In the case where the central portion of the multifocal lens is used as the lens region, and the imaging surface is disposed flush with the first mirror reflecting surface portion, the peripheral portion thereof is based on the central lens region. The magnification of the lens area provided in is an odd number. This is because the number of reflections is an odd number of 1, 3, 5, 7,..., And the ratio of the distance from each lens region to the imaging surface is an odd number.

  Here, by slightly shifting the position of the imaging plane from the surface of the first mirror reflecting surface portion, the ratio of the distances reflected from the respective lens regions can be eliminated from the odd ratio with respect to the central portion.

  Further, as a lens area of the multifocal lens, a path (for example, a light beam that has passed through the lens area 10 in Example 1 and the lens area 12 in Example 4 described later) without being reflected is directly used. In addition, the magnification can be arbitrarily changed by reflecting the light beam that has passed through all the lens regions with the reflecting surface portion of the focal length adjusting means. For example, a magnification of 5/3 can be obtained between the case where the reflection is performed three times and the case where the reflection is performed five times. Furthermore, as described above, the magnification can be changed more flexibly by shifting the position of the imaging plane from the first mirror reflecting surface portion or the like.

When there are a plurality of first mirror reflection surface portions and second mirror reflection surface portions and the distance between them is not constant, basically the same as when the distance between the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion is constant However, the focal length ratio cannot be calculated only with the simple number of reflections, and is calculated in consideration of the actual optical path length. For example, by disposing the first mirror reflection surface portion and / or the second mirror reflection surface portion in a step shape, the distance between the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion can be made constant, The distance of the optical path through which the light beam transmitted through the corresponding lens region passes by reflection can be arbitrarily changed.

  The pan / tilt mechanism is a means for swinging one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface of the first mirror group or the second mirror group. By oscillating the mirror reflecting surface, the optical axis of the entire optical system is bent, and the angle of view on the imaging surface can be changed. The magnitude of the swing of the mirror reflecting surface may not be so large. Of the first and second mirror reflecting surfaces, the mirror reflecting surface to be swung (including the number to be swung) is determined based on the target change in the angle of view and the occurrence of various aberrations.

  A method for swinging the first or second mirror reflecting surface is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a means for driving by a Lorentz force or an electrostatic force after the reflecting surface is pivotably supported. For example, the direction of the mirror reflecting surface can be arbitrarily driven by controlling the magnitude and direction of the current flowing through the conducting path after forming a conducting path on the outer edge of the mirror reflecting surface to be oscillated and applying an external magnetic field. . Further, the mirror reflection surface can be oscillated by forming the mirror reflection surface with a ferromagnetic material or a ferroelectric material and controlling the magnitude and direction of applying a magnetic field or electric field from the outside. Since the degree of rocking of the mirror reflecting surface can be measured by a strain gauge or an optical method, the degree of rocking can be controlled.

  The mechanism for pivotally supporting the mirror reflecting surface is not particularly limited, but a so-called gimbal structure is a preferable structure. The gimbal structure is a structure in which two concentric rings are overlapped and the inner ring is pivotably supported inside the outer ring, and the mirror reflecting surface is pivotally supported inside the inner ring. It is. This gimbal structure may be manufactured in any way.

  Here, the mirror reflecting surface can be swung in various directions by intersecting (particularly preferably orthogonal) the axis on which the inner ring swings and the shaft on which the mirror reflecting surface swings.

  (2) Second Embodiment: A pan / tilt apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a lens, a focal length adjusting unit, and a pan / tilt mechanism. The pan / tilt device according to the present embodiment does not require the zoom mechanism in the pan / tilt zoom device according to the first embodiment.

  A lens is not specifically limited, A well-known lens etc. can be employ | adopted.

  The focal length adjusting means is substantially the same as that described in the first embodiment. However, when a multifocal lens is not adopted as the lens, the light flux that has passed through the lens is reflected several times to actually It is a means that exerts an effect of allowing an image to be formed at a distance shorter than the focal length of the lens.

  The pan / tilt mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is a means for swinging one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface in the focal length adjustment means.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the pan / tilt / zoom apparatus of the present embodiment includes a multifocal lens 1, a first mirror 2, a second mirror 3, an image sensor 4, and second mirror moving means (not shown). Is done. The multifocal lens 1 includes two lens regions 10 and 11 having different focal lengths, and the lens region 10 has a shorter focal length than the lens region 11.

  The first mirror 2 corresponds to the first mirror reflecting surface portion of the first mirror group. The second mirror 3 corresponds to the second mirror reflecting surface portion of the second mirror group. The first and second mirrors 2 and 3 are ordinary opaque mirrors. The image sensor 4 is disposed at a position corresponding to the image formation plane, and specifically, is located at the center of the first mirror 2. The second mirror moving means is means for moving the second mirror 3 between the inserted state (FIG. 1B) and the extracted state (FIG. 1A).

  A method for switching the focal length will be described below. In order to increase the focal length, the second mirror 3 is moved to the inserted state (FIG. 1B) by the second mirror moving means in order to use the light bundle transmitted through the lens region 11 of the multifocal lens 1. To do. As a result, the light beam that has passed through the lens region 10 is shielded by the second mirror 3, and the light beam that has passed through the lens region 11 is reflected by the second mirror 3 and forms an image on the imaging device 4 on the imaging surface.

  On the contrary, when the focal length is shortened, the second mirror moving means moves to the state where the second mirror 3 is pulled out (FIG. 1A) in order to use the light bundle transmitted through the lens region 10. As a result, the light beam transmitted through the lens region 10 is imaged as it is on the image pickup element 4 on the image formation surface without being shielded by the second mirror 3, whereas only the light beam transmitted through the lens region 11 is used. Since there is no second mirror 3, it reaches the first mirror 2 from the lens region 11 and is reflected, and then passes through the lens region 10 toward the object side of the multifocal lens 1 as it is.

  The light beam transmitted through the lens region 10 is left as it is, and the light beam transmitted through the lens region 11 is moved forward and backward between the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 in order to absorb the difference in focal length. The imaging planes from the lens areas 10 and 11 are coincident.

  The driving mechanism of the second mirror moving means is means for forming the second mirror 3 from a thin plate-like ferromagnetic material (such as nickel) and driving it by magnetic force. That is, since the thin plate-like ferromagnetic material moves along the direction of the magnetic lines of force, the second mirror 3 can be driven and the direction can be freely controlled by controlling the direction of the magnetic lines of force.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the second mirror 3 includes a second mirror reflecting surface 31 on which a reflecting surface made of nickel is formed, a first ring 33 surrounding the second mirror reflecting surface 31, and a first ring 33. The second ring 32 surrounding the first ring 35, the first connecting portion 35 connecting the second mirror reflecting surface 31 and the first ring 33, and the second connecting portion connecting the first ring 33 and the second ring 32. 34 with a gimbal structure. The second ring 32 is fixed to the base portion 37 by a hinge portion 36. The second ring 32 can be bent via the hinge portion 36, and the members 31 to 35 including the second mirror reflecting surface 31 can be moved by the second mirror moving means (FIG. 2B).

  The second mirror reflecting surface 31 is pivotally supported by the first connecting portion 35 so as to be swingable inside the first ring 33. The first ring 33 is pivotally supported by the second connection portion 34 so as to be swingable inside the second ring 32. The direction in which the first connection portion 35 pivots as an axis is orthogonal to the direction in which the second connection portion 34 pivots as an axis. Therefore, the second mirror reflecting surface 31 can be swung in any direction (FIG. 2C). A strain gauge made of a piezoelectric material is formed on the first connection portion 35 and the second connection portion 34, and between the first ring 33 and the second ring 32 and between the first ring 33 and the second mirror reflecting surface. Each degree of twist can be measured.

  A circumferential conductive path (not shown) is formed at the peripheral edge of the second mirror reflecting surface 31. The second mirror reflecting surface 31 is swung by passing a current through the conductive path. The mechanism for swinging is as follows. The second mirror moving means applies a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the multifocal lens 1 so that the second mirror reflecting surface 31 is inserted in the optical path. The direction of the magnetic field may be any direction as long as it is perpendicular to the optical axis. Therefore, the angle and direction of oscillation can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current flowing through the conductive path and the magnitude of the applied magnetic field. Further, the direction of oscillation can be controlled by changing the shape / position of the conductive path formed on the second mirror reflecting surface 31 without changing the direction of the magnetic field.

  When the second mirror reflecting surface 31 is swung (the second mirror reflecting surface 31 is tilted to the right in FIG. 1C), an image is formed on the image sensor 4 as shown in FIG. The light flux changes relatively to that incident from the left side. Therefore, the angle of view of the image formed on the image sensor 4 can be panned to the left. Similarly, the angle of view can be changed by swinging the second mirror reflecting surface 31 up and down and left and right.

It is the cross-sectional schematic which shows the pan tilt zoom apparatus of an Example. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd mirror in an Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Multifocal lens 10, 11 ... Lens area | region 2 ... 1st mirror (1st mirror reflective surface part of a 1st mirror group)
3 ... 2nd mirror (2nd mirror reflective surface part of a 2nd mirror group)
4 ... Imaging element

Claims (7)

A multifocal lens that concentrically combines lens regions with different focal lengths so that the focal length becomes longer in multiple steps toward the outer circumferential direction;
A first mirror group having one or more first mirror reflecting surfaces on the imaging side of the multifocal lens and facing the multifocal lens; and between the first mirror group and the multifocal lens A second mirror group having one or more second mirror reflecting surface portions facing the reflecting surface side of the first mirror group, and each light bundle that has passed through the lens regions having different focal lengths is the first mirror group. Focal length between the mirror group and the second mirror group, which sequentially reflects toward the central portion of the multifocal lens, and makes the image planes of the lens regions having different focal lengths coincide in the vicinity of the central portion Adjusting means;
A focal length selection means for selecting the light bundle that forms an image on the imaging surface by shielding or transmitting one or more of the light bundles that have passed through the lens regions of the multifocal lens;
A pan / tilt mechanism that swings one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface;
A pan / tilt / zoom apparatus characterized by comprising:   The focal length selection unit is configured to control each of the multifocal lenses by a control unit that controls a position, a reflection characteristic, and / or a transparency of one or more of the first mirror reflection surface portion and the second mirror reflection surface portion. 2. The pan / tilt zoom apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pan / tilt / zoom apparatus is a means for selecting a light beam that forms an image on the imaging surface from a light beam that has passed through a lens region.   3. The pan / tilt zoom apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second mirror reflection surface portion is formed by a half mirror and is disposed in the vicinity of the imaging side of the multifocal lens. The focal length selection means includes
Polarization imparting means for imparting different polarizations to the light bundles transmitted through the lens regions having different focal lengths;
The pan / tilt zoom apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a polarization transmission control unit that is disposed on an optical path through which the light bundle passes and that controls transmission corresponding to the polarization of the light bundle to be selected. . The lens region has two focal lengths;
The polarization applying means is means for applying polarized light orthogonal to the lens regions having different focal lengths,
5. The pan / tilt zoom apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the polarization transmission control means is disposed on an optical path through which a light beam from both lens regions in the vicinity of the imaging plane passes. The multifocal lens has two lens areas,
The second mirror group includes one second mirror reflecting surface having a shape capable of shielding a light bundle from a central lens region having a short focal length of the two lens regions, and 1 second mirror reflecting surface. By switching the direction of the gimbal mechanism pivotably supported above the axis and the gimbal mechanism, the first position orthogonal to the light bundle from the central lens region of the multifocal lens and the light bundle A hinge portion that supports the gimbal mechanism so as to switch the direction of the second mirror reflecting surface between a second position and a substantially parallel second position;
The focal length selection means is means for switching the direction of the second mirror reflecting surface together with the gimbal mechanism between the first position and the second position,
The pan / tilt zoom apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pan / tilt mechanism is a mechanism that swings the second mirror reflecting surface pivotally supported by the gimbal mechanism. A lens,
A first mirror group having one or more first mirror reflecting surfaces on the imaging side of the lens and facing the lens side; and between the first mirror group and the lens, A second mirror group having one or more second mirror reflecting surface portions facing toward the reflecting surface, and the light bundle that has passed through the lens is between the first mirror group and the second mirror group, and a focal distance adjusting means the distance from the lens respectively are sequentially reflected toward the center portion of the lenses is Ru is imaged at a distance shorter than the focal length of the lens,
A pan / tilt mechanism that swings one or more of the first mirror reflection surface and the second mirror reflection surface;
A pan / tilt device characterized by comprising:

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