JP4663800B2 - Brick wall reinforcement method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for reinforcing an existing brick wall.

Many existing brick buildings have low seismic resistance, so in Japan, where earthquakes occur frequently, it is necessary to reinforce brick buildings. For this reason, a method of sticking a steel plate or carbon fiber sheet to the brick wall surface is adopted, but the structural material is exposed to the exterior and interior, which is problematic in terms of design and use of the building. It has become.

Therefore, as a method for reinforcing a brick wall in which the structural material is not exposed to the exterior or interior, in Patent Document 1, a reinforcing unit configured in a three-dimensional lattice shape is inserted into the joint between the masonry bodies, and the reinforcing unit is used as a joint material. An invention of a reinforced masonry structure to be fixed is disclosed.

Patent Document 2 discloses an invention of a brick wall surface peeling prevention method in which a reinforcing material made of aramid fiber or carbon fiber is disposed only at a joint. In the present invention, various shape patterns of the reinforcing material are manufactured in advance in a factory, and these reinforcing material nets are cut and arranged at the construction site.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-71617 JP 2003-293893 A

However, in the case of the invention described in Patent Document 1, since the reinforcing unit is a three-dimensional lattice, there is a problem that the reinforcing unit cannot be inserted unless a deep groove is formed in the joint portion, and it takes time for construction. On the other hand, the invention described in Patent Document 2 has a difficulty in strength because it only affixes the reinforcing material net to the joint, and if the reinforcing range is wide, a plurality of reinforcing material nets must be affixed, There is a problem that a plurality of joints that are weak in strength are generated.

In addition, since brick walls due to on-site construction are inevitably accompanied by construction errors, as in the inventions described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, when a pre-manufactured reinforcement unit or a reinforcement material net is used, In addition to the possibility that the installation position of the reinforcing material net may deviate from the specified position, the brick wall made of British or French masonry will show the long side and small edge of the brick, which complicates the shape of the reinforcing unit and the reinforcing material net. There is also a problem that cost increases are inevitable.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reinforcing a brick wall that is easy to construct, does not expose a structural material to the appearance and interior, and exhibits a high reinforcing effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method of reinforcing a brick wall by embedding a horizontal reinforcing member and a vertical reinforcing member made of fiber reinforced plastic rods in a joint portion of an existing brick wall, Forming a horizontal groove portion along the joint portion and forming a vertical groove portion communicating with the horizontal groove portion and shallower than the horizontal groove portion along the vertical joint portion; and a filler at a bottom portion of the horizontal groove portion. After applying, the step of laying the horizontal reinforcing material in the horizontal groove portion, and after applying a filler to the bottom of the vertical groove portion, the bent portion formed on at least one end of the vertical reinforcing material A step of laying an unfolded portion of the vertical reinforcing material in the vertical groove portion along the horizontal reinforcing material, and filling the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion with a filler, and the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion Seal It is characterized in that it comprises a step.

As for the failure mode of a general brick wall, out-of-plane bending failure is the most common, followed by shear failure, in-plane bending or compression failure. This means that brick walls with lower earthquake resistance are more likely to be bent out of plane. The present invention prevents out-of-plane bending failure of a brick wall, and is most likely to occur particularly in a brick wall extending in the horizontal direction. This prevents bending fracture. For this reason, in this invention, the horizontal reinforcement which mainly resists the bending in a horizontal surface is embed | buried in the deeper position than a vertical reinforcement.
Moreover, in this invention, since a horizontal reinforcing material and a vertical reinforcing material are not integrated previously, it can construct easily also about the brick wall which has a construction error. At that time, the horizontal reinforcement after construction is performed by increasing the contact area (bonding area) between the horizontal reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement along the horizontal reinforcement with the bent part formed at at least one end of the vertical reinforcement. The seismic strength of the brick wall can be increased by integrating the material and the vertical reinforcing material.

In the method for reinforcing a brick wall according to the present invention, the vertical reinforcing member may have a smaller diameter than the horizontal reinforcing member.
As described above, the present invention prevents bending failure in the horizontal plane of the brick wall, and the vertical reinforcing member may have a smaller diameter than the horizontal reinforcing member that mainly resists bending in the horizontal plane.

In the method for reinforcing a brick wall according to the present invention, it is preferable that the fiber constituting the fiber-reinforced plastic rod is an aramid fiber or a carbon fiber.
Since aramid fibers and carbon fibers have high strength and high elastic modulus, a reinforcing material having high tensile strength can be obtained by forming a fiber reinforced plastic rod using aramid fibers or carbon fibers.

In the method for reinforcing a brick wall according to the present invention, it is preferable that an ultraviolet ray inhibitor is applied to the surface of the filler that seals the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion.
Fibers that make up fiber reinforced plastic rods, especially aramid fibers, discolor and lose strength when exposed to ultraviolet rays, so by applying a UV protection agent to the surface of the filler covering the reinforcing material, Deterioration can be prevented.

In the method for reinforcing a brick wall according to the present invention, a horizontal reinforcing material is laid in a horizontal groove formed along the horizontal joint, and a bent portion formed at an end of the vertical reinforcing material is placed along the horizontal reinforcing material. In such a state, the non-bending portion of the vertical reinforcing material is laid in the vertical groove portion formed along the vertical joint portion, so that it can be easily constructed even on a brick wall having a construction error, The structural material is not exposed to the exterior or interior. In addition, since the bent part formed at the end of the vertical reinforcing material is aligned with the horizontal reinforcing material, the horizontal reinforcing material and the vertical reinforcing material after the construction are integrated, and a high reinforcing effect can be exhibited. it can.

It is the schematic diagram which looked at the brick wall reinforced with the reinforcement method of the brick wall which concerns on one embodiment of this invention from the front. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brick wall which showed 1 process of the reinforcement method of the brick wall which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brick wall which showed 1 process of the reinforcement method. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brick wall which showed 1 process of the reinforcement method. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brick wall which showed 1 process of the reinforcement method. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brick wall which showed 1 process of the reinforcement method. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the influence of the construction error of a brick wall with respect to the reinforcement method. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the influence of the construction error of a brick wall. It is the schematic diagram which looked at the brick wall reinforced with the reinforcement method of the brick wall which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the front. It is the schematic diagram which looked at the brick wall reinforced with the reinforcement method of the brick wall which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the front. The schematic diagram which looked at the test body used for the yield strength test of a brick wall from the front is shown, (A) is an Example, (B) is a comparative example. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the method of applying a brick wall. It is a load-displacement curve of the test body which uses lime for the joint material. It is a load-displacement curve of the test body which used the mortar for the joint material.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a brick wall 10 reinforced by a method for reinforcing a brick wall according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the front, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. Since the horizontal reinforcing member 14 is embedded in the horizontal joint portion 12 and the vertical reinforcing member 15 is embedded in the vertical joint portion 13, respectively, the horizontal reinforcing member 14 and the vertical reinforcing member 15 should be indicated by hidden lines in FIG. In order to clarify the laying position of the reinforcing material 14 and the vertical reinforcing material 15, they are shown by solid lines.

Here, a brick wall reinforcing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking a British brick wall as an example. British loading is a method of loading bricks so that when the brick wall is viewed from the front, the steps where only the long side of the brick appears and the steps where only the small edge appears are alternated. It is often found in civil engineering structures and railway-related facilities because it has higher strength and uses less brick than French piles, where the long and small sides alternate.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the method for reinforcing a brick wall according to one embodiment of the present invention, horizontal reinforcing members 14 made of fiber reinforced plastic rods are embedded in all horizontal joint portions 12 included in the region to be reinforced. At the same time, for the vertical joints 13 included in the region to be reinforced, all the vertical joints 13 in the stage where only the longitudinal surface of the brick 11 appears, and almost every other stage where only the small facet appears are selected. A vertical reinforcing member 15 made of a fiber reinforced plastic rod is embedded in the vertical joint portion 13.
As will be described later, the horizontal reinforcing member 14 is laid in a horizontal groove portion 20 formed along the horizontal joint portion 12, and the vertical reinforcing member 15 is laid in a vertical groove portion 21 formed along the vertical joint portion 13, respectively. The horizontal groove part 20 and the vertical groove part 21 are sealed with the filler 18 (refer FIG. 2).

The vertical reinforcing member 15 may have a smaller diameter than the horizontal reinforcing member 14. Both ends of the vertical reinforcing member 15 are bent in the same direction to form a bent portion 15b, which is formed in a U shape in plan view. When laying the vertical reinforcing member 15, the horizontal reinforcing member 14 laid in the horizontal groove portion 20 communicating with the vertical groove portion 21 is placed in the middle of the vertical reinforcing member 15 with the bent portion 15 b of the vertical reinforcing member 15 being along. A non-bending portion 15 a constituting the portion is laid in the vertical groove portion 21.

The fiber reinforced plastic rod constituting the horizontal reinforcing material 14 and the vertical reinforcing material 15 is a round bar having a diameter of about 3 mm to 15 mm in which a large number of reinforcing fibers arranged in the length direction are impregnated with a resin and hardened. As the reinforcing fiber, an aramid fiber or carbon fiber having high strength and high elastic modulus is used. For example, “Phibra AFRP rod” (Phi-Abrad fiber) made of polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber (Toray Dupont Co., Ltd., “Kevlar” (registered trademark)), which is a para-aramid fiber, is braided and cured with epoxy resin. Vex Co., Ltd.) is lightweight, high-strength, high-elasticity and excellent in durability, and is suitable as the horizontal reinforcing material 14 and the vertical reinforcing material 15.

As the filler 18, for example, a synthetic resin such as an epoxy resin, a cement slurry, an inorganic filler such as a non-shrink mortar, or the like can be used.

Next, the construction method of the brick wall 10 reinforced by the brick wall reinforcement method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(1) A curing tape 22 is applied to the surface of the brick 11 so that the brick 11 constituting the existing brick wall 10 is not damaged (see FIG. 3).
(2) For all the horizontal joints 12 included in the region to be reinforced, the horizontal grooves 20 along the horizontal joints 12 are formed using a grinder or the like (see FIG. 3). The horizontal groove 20 has the same width as the horizontal joint 12 and the depth of the horizontal groove 20 is a value obtained by adding the diameter of the horizontal reinforcing member 14 and the diameter of the bent portion 15b of the vertical reinforcing member 15 to 4 to The value is about 5 mm. Further, the vertical joints 13 included in the region to be reinforced include all the vertical joints 13 where only the longitudinal surface of the brick 11 appears, and the vertical joints 13 selected every other step where only the small edge surface appears. A vertical groove portion 21 along the joint portion 13 is formed using a grinder or the like (see FIG. 3). The width of the vertical groove portion 21 is the same as that of the vertical joint portion 13, and the depth of the vertical groove portion 21 is a value obtained by adding about 4 to 5 mm to the diameter of the vertical reinforcing member 15. In addition, the horizontal groove part 20 and the vertical groove part 21 are connected.

(3) The inside of the horizontal groove part 20 and the vertical groove part 21 is cleaned, and the primer 19 is apply | coated to the surface of the horizontal groove part 20 and the vertical groove part 21 (refer FIG. 4). The primer 19 is applied in order to improve the adhesion between the filler 18 and the brick 11 and joints 12 and 13.
(4) After the filler 18 is applied to the bottom of the horizontal groove 20, the horizontal reinforcing material 14 is laid in the horizontal groove 20 (see FIG. 5).

(5) The filler 18 is applied to the bottom of the vertical groove 21. The bent portion 15b formed at one end of the vertical reinforcing member 15 is placed along the horizontal reinforcing member 14 laid in one horizontal groove portion 20 communicating with the vertical groove portion 21, and the other of the vertical reinforcing members 15 is provided. The bent portion 15b formed at the end of the vertical reinforcing member 15 is placed along the horizontal reinforcing member 14 laid in the other horizontal groove portion 20 communicating with the vertical groove portion 21, and the unfolded portion 15a of the vertical reinforcing member 15 is replaced with the vertical groove portion. 21 (see FIG. 6).
(6) Fill the horizontal grooves 20 and the vertical grooves 21 with the filler 18 to seal the horizontal grooves 20 and the vertical grooves 21 (see FIG. 7).
(7) An ultraviolet ray preventing agent (not shown) is applied to the surface of the filler 18 that seals the horizontal grooves 20 and the vertical grooves 21. For example, a fluorine-based resin paint can be used as the ultraviolet ray preventing agent.

By the way, although the brick wall by site construction is inevitably accompanied by a construction error, a case where the construction error is large will be described.
FIG. 8 shows a case where the widths of the horizontal joint portion 12u formed along the upper edge of the brick 11 and the horizontal joint portion 12d formed along the lower edge of the brick 11 are different. As shown in the figure, by using the U-shaped vertical reinforcing member 15, even if some joint widths are different, the prescribed vertical reinforcing member 15 can be used.

FIG. 9 shows a case where some bricks 11 ′ have different sizes. In this case, instead of the U-shaped vertical reinforcing member 15, the L-shaped vertical reinforcing member 16 may be used in a plan view in which a bent portion 16 b is formed only at one end. Specifically, in the state where the bent portion 16b of one vertical reinforcing member 16 is placed along the horizontal reinforcing member 14u arranged on the horizontal joint portion 12u formed along the upper edge of the brick 11 ', the vertical reinforcing is performed. The non-bending portion 16a of the material 16 is laid in the vertical joint portion 13, and the other vertical reinforcement member 16 is provided on the horizontal reinforcement member 14d disposed on the horizontal joint portion 12d formed along the lower edge of the brick 11 '. The non-bending portion 16 a of the vertical reinforcing member 16 is laid in the vertical joint portion 13 in a state where the bent portion 16 b is aligned. Therefore, in the vertical joint portion 13, the two non-bent portions 16 a of the vertical reinforcing members 16 are overlapped.

10 and 11 show a brick wall 10 reinforced by a brick wall reinforcing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, horizontal reinforcing members 14 are embedded in all horizontal joints 12 included in the region to be reinforced, and U-shaped in all vertical joints 13 included in the region to be reinforced. The vertical reinforcing material 15 is embedded. At that time, for the vertical joint portion 13 where only the longitudinal surface of the brick 11 appears, the two vertical reinforcement members 15 are embedded so that the vertical reinforcement member 15 is symmetrical with respect to the vertical joint portion 13.
Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the bent portion 17b formed at one end portion and the bent portion 17c formed at the other end portion are bent in opposite directions, and are stepped in plan view. The vertical reinforcing member 17 thus used is used in place of the U-shaped vertical reinforcing member 15. In addition, 17a is a non-bending part.

Next, the proof stress test conducted in order to confirm the reinforcement effect of the brick wall reinforced with the reinforcement method of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 12 shows the shape of the test body. FIG. 12A shows a brick wall 23 which is an embodiment reinforced by this reinforcing method, and FIG. 12B shows an unreinforced brick wall 24 as a comparative example. The size of the brick 25 used is 210 mm in the longitudinal direction, 100 mm in the short direction, and 60 mm in height. Two types of joint materials were used, lime and mortar, and the joint width was 10 mm.

The test body was Example 1 in which a brick wall using lime as a joint material was reinforced, Comparative Example 1 that was an unreinforced brick wall using lime as a joint material, and Example in which a brick wall using mortar as a joint material was reinforced. 2. A total of four bodies of Comparative Example 2, which are unreinforced brick walls using mortar as joint material.
The horizontal reinforcing member 26 is a fibre-AFRP rod (manufactured by Fivex Co., Ltd.) RA5 having a nominal diameter of 5.7 mm. ) Using RA3, only one side of the brick wall 23 was reinforced. Moreover, the filler with which a horizontal groove part and a vertical groove part are filled was made into the epoxy resin.

FIG. 13 shows a force application method. Each of the brick walls 23 and 24, which are test specimens, is placed on a PTFE plate (not shown) with a small sliding friction, and the horizontal ends of the brick walls 23 and 24 are used as support points 29, so that the brick walls 23 and 24 Brick walls 23 and 24 were gradually increased in the out-of-plane direction by hydraulic actuators (not shown) through two applied points 28 in the center. In addition, a load cell (not shown) is installed at the tip of the hydraulic actuator to sequentially measure the load load, and a differential transformer type displacement meter 30 is installed at both ends and the center of the brick walls 23 and 24. The deformation amounts of the walls 23 and 24 were measured sequentially.

FIG. 14 shows a load-displacement curve of a test body using lime as a joint material, and FIG. 15 shows a load-displacement curve of a test body using mortar as a joint material.
In Example 1, after a shear crack was generated at a load of 23.5 kN, the vertical joint portion outside the two applied points 28 was compressed and fractured, and a large shear deformation occurred at the boundary surface between the brick and the vertical joint portion. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, with a load of 1.5 kN, out-of-plane bending failure occurred immediately after a vertical bending crack occurred in the center of the brick wall.
Further, in Example 2, the yield strength increased even after the occurrence of shear cracks at a load of 75 to 80 kN, and the shear compression fracture was caused at a load of 177.1 kN. There was no progress in bending cracks. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2, with a load of 30.2 kN, a vertical bending crack occurred in the central portion of the brick wall, and immediately after that, the out-of-plane bending fracture occurred.
From these experiments, it became clear that the brick wall reinforced by this reinforcement method does not break out of plane bending regardless of the type of joint material and shows high proof stress.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment, and is within the scope of matters described in the claims. Other possible embodiments and modifications are also included. For example, in the above-described embodiment, one horizontal reinforcing material is embedded in one horizontal joint, but a plurality of horizontal reinforcing materials may be embedded in one horizontal joint.
In the above-described embodiment, the description has been given by taking an example of a brick wall in the UK, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to other types of bricks such as French stack, longitudinal stack and small stack.

10: brick wall, 11, 11 ′: brick, 12, 12u, 12d: horizontal joint portion, 13: vertical joint portion, 14, 14u, 14d: horizontal reinforcing material, 15, 16, 17: vertical reinforcing material, 15a, 16a, 17a: Unfolded part, 15b, 16b, 17b, 17c: Folded part, 18: Filler, 19: Primer, 20: Horizontal groove part, 21: Vertical groove part, 22: Curing tape, 23, 24: Brick wall, 25: brick, 26: horizontal reinforcement, 27: vertical reinforcement, 28: force point, 29: support point, 30: displacement meter

Claims (4)

A method of reinforcing a brick wall by embedding a horizontal reinforcing member and a vertical reinforcing member made of fiber reinforced plastic rods in a joint portion of an existing brick wall,
Forming a horizontal groove portion along the horizontal joint portion, and forming a vertical groove portion communicating with the horizontal groove portion and shallower than the horizontal groove portion along the vertical joint portion;
Laying the horizontal reinforcement in the horizontal groove after applying a filler to the bottom of the horizontal groove,
After applying a filler to the bottom of the vertical groove, the bent portion formed on at least one end of the vertical reinforcing material is placed along the horizontal reinforcing material, and the non-folded portion of the vertical reinforcing material is Laying in the vertical groove,
A step of filling the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion with a filler and sealing the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion. The method for reinforcing a brick wall according to claim 1, wherein the vertical reinforcing member has a smaller diameter than the horizontal reinforcing member. The method for reinforcing a brick wall according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the fibers constituting the fiber-reinforced plastic rod are aramid fibers or carbon fibers. The method for reinforcing a brick wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an anti-UV agent is applied to a surface of a filler that seals the horizontal groove portion and the vertical groove portion. Reinforcement method.

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