JP4662540B2 - External combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to the structure of an external combustion engine using the operating principle of a toy pompom ship.

  A toy pompom ship, for example, arranges both ends of a metal tube wound in a coil shape on the base boat floated on water in the same stern direction, and heats this coiled portion with a candle or the like. Then, the water (working fluid) filled in the coil-shaped portion evaporates, and the water is pushed out and ejected to both ends of the metal tube by the pressure of the steam. Thereafter, since the steam is cooled and condensed in the metal tube, the pressure of the steam is reduced and water is sucked into the coiled portion. When a part of the sucked-in water enters the coiled part, it is heated and evaporated, and water is ejected again. When the heating amount for heating the coiled portion is appropriately set, the above operation is repeated, and water reciprocates in the fluid-fluid pipe. And since the speed at the time of ejection is larger than the speed at the time of suction, the difference in kinetic energy due to the difference in speed causes the ship to propel forward.

  However, according to the above technique, a small pompom ship is sufficient, but it is difficult to make a large pompom ship and to make a practical device that can extract power. The reason is that, for example, when the capacity of the metal tube is increased, water (working fluid) is sucked in at a stroke, and the temperature of the heating portion is reduced, so that it does not evaporate and it is difficult to obtain a stable reciprocating motion of water. .

  Therefore, the present invention uses a principle of operation of a toy pom-pom ship, and can easily obtain a stable reciprocation of water, and can make a large pom-pom ship and a practical device that can extract power. The issue is to provide an organization.

  In order to solve the above problems, the first invention is a heating container filled with a working fluid and hermetically sealed, a heating means for heating the heating container, and the working fluid reciprocatingly communicates with the heating container. A hydraulic fluid tube; a hydraulic fluid pool portion that communicates with the hydraulic fluid tube and is located below the heating vessel and supplies hydraulic fluid; and a fluid injection tube that communicates with the heating vessel and supplementally injects the hydraulic fluid. And a power take-out means for taking out power from the reciprocating hydraulic fluid.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the power take-out means is provided at a branch portion where a lower end of the fluid pipe is branched, and a check valve that makes the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid flow in one direction, and the branch portion. An external combustion engine comprising: a turbine that is provided and extracts power from the one-way flow.

  A third invention includes a heating container filled with a hydraulic fluid and hermetically sealed, a heating means for heating the heating container, a hydraulic fluid pipe that communicates downward with the heating container, and the hydraulic fluid reciprocates, and the hydraulic fluid pipe A hydraulic fluid reservoir that communicates with the hydraulic fluid, a liquid injection tube that communicates with the heating container and supplementally injects the hydraulic fluid, and a power take-out means for extracting power from the reciprocating hydraulic fluid. It is an external combustion engine characterized by that.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the power take-off means is a piston that is provided at the other end of the hydraulic fluid pipe and reciprocates by the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid, and a crank mechanism that converts the movement of the piston into rotational motion. And an external combustion engine characterized by comprising:
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating container filled with a working fluid and hermetically sealed, a heating means for heating the heating container, a working fluid pipe that communicates downward with the heating container and reciprocates the working fluid, and the working fluid tube A hydraulic fluid pool portion that is located below the heating container and supplies the hydraulic fluid, a liquid injection pipe that communicates with the heating container and supplements the hydraulic fluid, and a lower end of the hydraulic fluid pipe A non-return valve provided at a branched branch portion and configured to use a flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid as a one-way flow, and an external combustion provided at the branch portion and using the one-way flow as a source of power. Is an institution.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating container filled with a working fluid and hermetically sealed, a heating means for heating the heating container, a working fluid pipe that communicates downward with the heating container, and the working fluid reciprocates, and the working fluid tube A hydraulic fluid pool portion that is located below the heating container and supplies hydraulic fluid, a liquid injection pipe that communicates with the heating container and supplementally supplies the hydraulic fluid, and a lower end of the hydraulic fluid pipe An external combustion engine characterized by utilizing a flow of hydraulic fluid ejected intermittently as a driving force.

The seventh aspect of the present invention is the external combustion engine, wherein the liquid injection pipe has a smaller diameter than the hydraulic fluid pipe, and communicates with a liquid injection storage tank located above the hydraulic fluid pool section.
The eighth invention is an external combustion engine characterized in that the liquid injection pipe is further provided with a check valve that opens only in a liquid injection direction and communicates with the hydraulic fluid pool section or the hydraulic fluid pipe.
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an external combustion engine characterized in that a water cooling jacket is provided in the fluid-fluid pipe.

  According to the first invention, the second invention, the third invention, the fourth invention, the fifth invention, the sixth invention, the seventh invention, the eighth invention, or the ninth invention, the working liquid is supplied to the heating container through the injection pipe. By auxiliary liquid injection, the evaporation and condensation of the hydraulic fluid in the heating container is stably repeated, so that it is easy to obtain a stable reciprocating motion of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid pipe, A practical device capable of extracting power can be made possible.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the liquid injection pipe is smaller in diameter than the dynamic liquid pipe, and in the direction opposite to the liquid injection direction by performing liquid injection in communication with a liquid storage tank located above the hydraulic fluid pool section. Can be minimized.
According to the eighth invention, the liquid injection pipe is provided with a check valve that opens only in the liquid injection direction, so that the liquid injection pipe communicates with the hydraulic fluid pool section or the hydraulic fluid pipe located below, Back flow in the direction opposite to the injection direction can be minimized.
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to enable quick and stable reciprocation of the hydraulic fluid by promoting cooling in the fluid-fluid pipe.

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
A heating means 5 is provided under the heating container 3 filled with water that is the working fluid 1 and hermetically sealed to heat the heating container 3. A moving fluid pipe 7 communicating with the bottom of the heating container 3 is disposed obliquely downward, the lower end is branched, both branched portions are horizontally positioned, and both end portions are opened. The hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7 as will be described later. A check valve 9 is provided at both the branched portions to make the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid 1 unidirectional. Both end portions that are branched and horizontally positioned are immersed in a hydraulic fluid tank that is the hydraulic fluid pool section 11 and is open to the atmosphere. The hydraulic fluid pool section 11 is located below the heating container 3 and supplies the hydraulic fluid 1. A turbine 13 for taking power from a one-way flow is provided inside the branched and horizontal portion. A power take-out means is constituted by the check valve 9 and the turbine 13.

The liquid injection pipe 15 communicates with the side surface of the heating container 3 and further communicates with the liquid injection reservoir 17 that is located above the hydraulic fluid pool part and is open to the atmosphere. The tip of the liquid injection tube 15 on the heating container 3 side extends in the heating container 3 and opens near the heating portion of the heating container 3.
"Effects of Embodiment"
According to this embodiment, when the hydraulic fluid 1 in the heating container 3 is heated by the heating means 5, a part of the water that is the hydraulic fluid 1 evaporates, and the vapor passes the other hydraulic fluid 1 to the fluid line 7. Then, the steam is pushed out to the hydraulic fluid pool section 11, and the steam is cooled and condensed by the moving fluid pipe 7. The working fluid 1 is again sucked into the moving fluid tube 7 and the heating container 3. The working fluid 1 sucked into the heating container 3 is heated and evaporated again. Such evaporation and condensation are repeated in a self-excited manner, and the hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7. The reciprocating hydraulic fluid 1 is made to flow in one direction by a check valve 9. The turbine 13 provided in the unidirectional flow continues to rotate with the same rotation direction.

  Conventionally, the working liquid 1 is poured in synchronism with the reciprocating motion in the moving liquid pipe from the filling tank 17 to the heating container 3 where evaporation and condensation are self-excitedly repeated. Even if the thicker fluid pipe 7 is used, the self-excited movements of evaporation and condensation are stably repeated. If the liquid injection tank 17 and the liquid injection pipe 15 are not attached, when the hydraulic fluid 1 is sucked in the thick fluid moving pipe, it returns to the heating container 3 in a large amount at a stretch, the temperature of the heating container 3 decreases, and again The timing of evaporation will be delayed and self-excited movement will stop. In order to prevent this, before the working fluid 1 is sucked into the heating container 3, it is poured and evaporated from the filling pipe to increase the pressure in the heating container 3 and prevent a large amount of working fluid from flowing in.

"Experimental example showing effect"
The following experimental example based on the above embodiment shows that the self-excited movements of evaporation and condensation are stably repeated when the liquid injection tube 15 is present and when it is not present.
The heating means 5 uses an experimental gas burner, and the following large, medium, and small indicating the strength of heating correspond to the length of the orange flame of the burner when air is not supplied, 100, 150, and 200 mm, respectively. . However, when heating, air is supplied and burned with a colorless flame. The moving fluid pipe 7 is made of aluminum, has an outer diameter of 19 mm, an inner diameter of 17 mm, and a length of 1000 mm, and is inclined by 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The liquid injection pipe was made of aluminum and had an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 1.5 mm. The liquid level of the liquid injection tank was set to 200 mm above the liquid level of the working liquid pool section.

When liquid injection tube 15 is present Heating strength Reciprocating speed (times / second) Reciprocating condition Small 1.6 Stable reciprocating movement Medium 1.8 〃
Large 1.9 〃

When there is no injection pipe 15 Heating strength Reciprocating speed (times / second) Reciprocating condition Small-Reciprocating stops in 1 to 3 times Medium-〃
Large-〃
As described above, it can be seen that the self-excited reciprocation of evaporation and condensation is more stably sustained when the liquid injection tube 15 is present than when it is not present, regardless of the intensity of heating.

“Embodiment 2”
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the hydraulic fluid pool portion 11 is necessary. However, in other embodiments, the hydraulic fluid pipe 7 may be directly provided with the power extraction means without providing the hydraulic fluid pool portion 11.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2, heating means 5 is provided under the heating container 3 filled and sealed with water as the working fluid 1 to heat the heating container 3. The moving fluid pipe 7 communicating with the bottom of the heating container 3 is disposed obliquely downward and the lower end is bent upward. The hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7. A hydraulic fluid reservoir 19 is provided at the bent upper end, and a piston 23 is provided thereon via an air damper 21. The piston 23 is connected to a crank mechanism including a crankshaft 25 and a crankwheel 27 for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion.

  The liquid injection pipe 15 communicates with the side surface of the heating container 3 and further communicates with the liquid injection storage tank 17 that is located above the moving liquid pipe and is open to the atmosphere. The tip of the liquid injection tube 15 on the heating container 3 side extends in the heating container 3 and opens near the heating portion of the heating container 3. Even in such an embodiment, the effects of the present invention can be obtained.

“Embodiment 3”
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the turbine 13 for taking out the power is necessary. However, in another embodiment, the one-way flow from the fluid pipe 7 may be used as the source of power without providing the turbine 13. .

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3, heating means 5 is provided under the heating container 3 that is filled and sealed with water as the working fluid 1 to heat the heating container 3. A moving fluid pipe 7 communicating with the bottom of the heating vessel 3 is disposed obliquely downward, the lower end is branched, both branched portions are horizontally positioned, and both end portions are opened. The hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7. A check valve 9 is provided at both the branched portions to make the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid 1 unidirectional. Both end portions that are branched and positioned horizontally are immersed in the hydraulic fluid 1 that is the hydraulic fluid pool portion 11 and is open to the atmosphere. The hydraulic fluid pool section 11 is located below the heating container 3 and supplies the hydraulic fluid 1. One of the branched end portions, that is, the end portion 28 on the downstream side of the one-way flow, protrudes on the liquid surface and ejects the working fluid 1 intermittently. Power can be taken out by receiving this one-way flow in a turbine or turbine (not shown).

  A liquid injection pipe 15 communicates with the side surface of the heating container 3 and further communicates with a liquid injection reservoir 17 that is located above the hydraulic fluid pool and is open to the atmosphere. The tip of the liquid injection tube 15 on the heating container 3 side extends in the heating container 3 and opens near the heating portion of the heating container 3. Even in such an embodiment, the effects of the present invention can be obtained.

“Embodiment 4”
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, power is taken from the reciprocating hydraulic fluid 1, but in other embodiments, the flow of the hydraulic fluid 1 may be used as a driving force.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, heating means 5 is provided under the heating container 3 filled and sealed with water as the working fluid 1 to heat the heating container 3. The moving fluid pipe 7 communicating with the bottom of the heating container 3 is disposed obliquely downward, and the lower end is fixed through the moving body 29 and opens toward the rear of the moving body 29. The hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7. The moving body 29 is immersed in the hydraulic fluid 1 that becomes the hydraulic fluid pool section 11 and is open to the atmosphere. The hydraulic fluid 1 reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7. And since the speed at the time of ejection is larger than the speed at the time of suction, the difference in kinetic energy due to the difference in speed drives the moving body 29 forward.

A liquid injection pipe 15 communicates with the side surface of the heating container 3 and further communicates with a liquid injection reservoir 17 that is located above the hydraulic fluid pool and is open to the atmosphere. The tip of the liquid injection tube 15 on the heating container 3 side extends in the heating container 3 and opens near the heating portion of the heating container 3.
Even in such an embodiment, the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
"Other embodiments"
In the above embodiment, the liquid injection pipe has a smaller diameter than the hydraulic fluid pipe and communicates with the liquid injection storage tank located above the hydraulic fluid pool portion, thereby suppressing the backflow. Then, by providing a check valve in the liquid injection pipe, the backflow can be more completely suppressed, and thereby, the hydraulic fluid communicates with the hydraulic fluid pool located below (FIG. 5, FIG. 7, or FIG. 8). An auxiliary injection from the pool section to the heater can be performed. Alternatively, auxiliary fluid injection from the hydraulic fluid pool section to the heater can be performed in communication with the fluid line (FIG. 6).

  Moreover, it is possible not only to communicate with a liquid storage tank that has a smaller diameter than the hydraulic fluid pipe and is located above the hydraulic fluid pool section, but also to provide a check valve in the liquid injection pipe.

In the above embodiment, the cooling in the moving fluid pipe is by natural air cooling in the exposed portion, but in other embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to quickly and stably reciprocate the hydraulic fluid.
That is, a jacket 31 having a double cylindrical closed space 30 is formed around the fluid pipe 7, and cooling water is fed into the space 30 from the cooling water inlet 33 and sent out from the cooling water outlet 35. .

In the conventional natural air cooling, the amplitude of the hydraulic fluid that reciprocates in the fluid pipe 7 is not constant, and thus the power cannot be taken out smoothly. Since the amplitude is constant and stable, the power is taken out stably.
It should be noted that the air amount adjustment valve 37 in the drawing is used to adjust the air amount to an optimum amount for the operation of the piston 23 at the initial stage when actually operating the piston 23.

1 is an overall schematic diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is the whole schematic figure which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the whole schematic which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the whole schematic which shows Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a whole schematic diagram which shows other embodiment corresponded to the modification of Embodiment 1 of FIG. FIG. 5 is an overall schematic diagram showing another embodiment corresponding to a modification of the second embodiment in FIG. It is a whole schematic diagram showing other embodiments equivalent to a modification of Embodiment 3 of FIG. FIG. 5 is an overall schematic diagram showing another embodiment corresponding to a modification of the fourth embodiment in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydraulic fluid, 3 ... Heating container, 5 ... Heating means, 7 ... Fluid moving pipe, 9 ... Check valve, 11 ... Hydraulic fluid pool part, 13 ... Turbine, 15 ... Liquid injection pipe, 17 ... Liquid injection storage tank, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 ... Hydraulic fluid reservoir, 21 ... Air damper, 23 ... Piston, 25 ... Crankshaft, 27 ... Crank wheel, 28 .. End part, 29 ... Moving body, 30 ... Space, 31 ... Jacket, 33 ... Cooling Water inlet, 35 ... Cooling water outlet, 37 ... Air quantity adjustment valve.

Claims (9)

A shallow heating container filled and sealed with a working fluid, a heating means for heating the heating container, a fluid reciprocatingly communicating with the heating container, and a reciprocating motion of the working fluid is not stable. A large-capacity hydraulic fluid pipe, a hydraulic fluid pool section that communicates with the hydraulic fluid pipe and is located below the heating vessel and supplies the hydraulic fluid, and communicates with the shallow heating vessel that is heated to evaporate the hydraulic fluid A liquid injection pipe having a smaller diameter than the hydraulic fluid pipe, and a power take-out means for taking out power from the reciprocating hydraulic fluid, are provided for supplementing the hydraulic fluid to stabilize the hydraulic fluid reciprocation. An external combustion engine characterized by that.   The power take-off means is provided at a branch portion where the lower end of the fluid pipe is branched, and a check valve that makes the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid flow in one direction, and is provided in the branch portion from the one-way flow. The external combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising a turbine for extracting power. A heating container filled and sealed with a working fluid, a heating means for heating the heating container, a capacity of a size that makes the reciprocating motion of the working fluid unstable, the working fluid reciprocatingly communicates with the heating container. Large hydraulic fluid tube, the hydraulic fluid tube, the hydraulic fluid reservoir that communicates with the hydraulic fluid tube, stores the hydraulic fluid, the fluid injection tube that communicates with the heating vessel and injects the hydraulic fluid auxiliary, An external combustion engine comprising: power take-out means for taking out power from reciprocating hydraulic fluid.   The power take-out means includes a piston that is provided at the other end of the hydraulic fluid pipe and reciprocates by the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid, and a crank mechanism that converts the movement of the piston into a rotational motion. The external combustion engine according to claim 3. A heating container filled and sealed with a working fluid, a heating means for heating the heating container, a capacity of a size that makes the reciprocating motion of the working fluid unstable, the working fluid reciprocatingly communicates with the heating container. Large hydraulic fluid tube, the hydraulic fluid tube, a hydraulic fluid pool portion that communicates with the hydraulic fluid tube and is located below the heating vessel and supplies the hydraulic fluid, and communicates with the heating vessel to supplement the hydraulic fluid. A non-injection pipe for injecting liquid, a non-return valve provided at a branch portion where the lower end of the fluid pipe is branched, and a non-return valve for making the flow of the reciprocating hydraulic fluid flow in one direction. An external combustion engine using directional flow as a source of power. A heating container filled and sealed with a working fluid, a heating means for heating the heating container, a capacity of a size that makes the reciprocating motion of the working fluid unstable, the working fluid reciprocatingly communicates with the heating container. Large hydraulic fluid tube, the hydraulic fluid tube, a hydraulic fluid pool portion that communicates with the hydraulic fluid tube and is located below the heating vessel and supplies the hydraulic fluid, and communicates with the heating vessel to supplement the hydraulic fluid. An external combustion engine characterized in that a liquid injection pipe for injecting liquid and a flow of hydraulic fluid intermittently ejected from the lower end of the moving liquid pipe are used as a driving force.   The said liquid injection pipe | tube communicates with the liquid injection storage tank located above a hydraulic fluid pool part, The claim of any one of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. External combustion engine.   The liquid injection pipe is provided with a check valve that opens only in a liquid injection direction, and communicates with a hydraulic fluid pool section or a hydraulic fluid pipe. The external combustion engine according to claim 1.   The external combustion engine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, wherein the fluid-cooling pipe is provided with a water cooling jacket.

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