JP4655326B2 - Foam glass and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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- JP4655326B2 JP4655326B2 JP2000126107A JP2000126107A JP4655326B2 JP 4655326 B2 JP4655326 B2 JP 4655326B2 JP 2000126107 A JP2000126107 A JP 2000126107A JP 2000126107 A JP2000126107 A JP 2000126107A JP 4655326 B2 JP4655326 B2 JP 4655326B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建築用或いは各種産業用断熱材等として有用な泡ガラスと、この泡ガラスを製造する方法に係り、特に、従来、発泡が困難であるために泡ガラスの原料とされていなかった、軟化点の高いガラス原料を用いた泡ガラス及びその製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
泡ガラスは、その多孔質により、優れた耐熱性、吸音性等を有することから、住宅の内、外装材や壁材等としての用途がある。
【０００３】
泡ガラスは、ガラス原料粉末に発泡剤を混合して成形し、得られた成形体を所定の温度に焼成することにより製造されている。泡ガラスのガラス原料としては、一般に板ガラスやビンガラスのクズガラスを粉砕したものが用いられており、一方、発泡剤としては、炭素、ドロマイト、窒化ホウ素、石灰石粉等が用いられている。例えば、特公昭６１−２６１８号公報にはフロート板ガラス組成のガラス粉末にドロマイトを１．５〜９．５重量％混合して発泡させた泡ガラスが、特開昭５８−１５０４５号公報には、フロート板ガラス組成のガラス粉末に窒化ホウ素を０．１〜１０重量％混合して発泡させた泡ガラスが、また、特開昭５８−６０６３４号公報には同様にフロート板ガラス組成のガラス粉末に石灰石粉を１．０〜１０重量％混合して発泡させた泡ガラスが記載されている。
【０００４】
泡ガラスの発泡剤は、ガラス原料に応じて選択使用され、一般にフロート板ガラス、型板ガラス、ビンガラス、ブラウン管ガラス、ガラス長繊維（Ｃガラス、Ａガラス）、ガラス短繊維等の軟化点７００〜７５０℃程度のガラス由来のガラス原料に対しては、ドロマイトや石灰石粉等の発泡剤が用いられ、これよりも更に軟化点の低いガラス原料に対しては炭素が発泡剤として用いられている。
【０００５】
なお、ＡＬＣ（軽量気泡コンクリート）の製造においては、金属アルミニウムが発泡剤として使用されている。また、セメントを金属アルミニウムで発泡させた後、ガラス、溶融スラグや粘土を加えて焼成した軽量焼成板に関する技術も知られている（特開平１０−１８２２６２号公報、特開平１１−９２２１１号公報）。これらの場合、発泡剤としての金属アルミニウムの発泡機構は、アルミニウムとセメントのアルカリとの反応によって水素ガスを発生させて発泡させるものである。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来において、泡ガラスのガラス原料としては、軟化点が７００〜７５０℃、或いはそれ以下の比較的軟化点の低いものが用いられており、Ｅガラス組成のガラス長繊維、特定組成の結晶化ガラス、焼結ガラスといった軟化点が８００℃を超えるようなものは、従来一般的に用いられている発泡剤では発泡が困難であるために、これらの軟化点の高い廃ガラスは泡ガラスのガラス原料として有効利用することができなかった。
【０００７】
また、フロート板ガラスやビンガラス等のそれ自体軟化点の低いものでも、夾雑物や異物が混入した廃ガラスでは軟化点が高くなるため、従来の発泡剤では発泡が困難であり、泡ガラスのガラス原料として有効利用することができない場合があった。この場合、廃ガラスから、夾雑物や異物を分別することにより、軟化点を本来の軟化点に下げて発泡させることが可能となるが、そのためには分別コストが嵩み、廃ガラスを再利用してガラス原料コストを低減するという利点が得られなくなる。
【０００８】
更に、夾雑物等を含まないフロート板ガラスやビンガラスの廃ガラスをガラス原料とする場合であっても、得られる泡ガラスの強度やその他の特性の向上のために、混和材を混合すると軟化点が高まる場合があり、この場合にもやはり泡ガラスの製造が困難であった。
【０００９】
一方で、ガラス繊維工場における長繊維の紡糸工程からは膨大な量のガラス長繊維クズが発生しており、特に、ガラス長繊維の中で高い割合を占める、軟化点が８３０〜８５０℃のＥガラス組成の繊維クズの発生量は非常に多い。
【００１０】
また、通常の板ガラスやビンガラスの廃ガラスは、夾雑物や異物を含むものが多く、このため軟化点が高いものとなっている。
【００１１】
更に、泡ガラスの用途の面から、強度、その他の特性の向上が望まれ、各種混和材を用いて改質することが考えられるが、この場合においてもガラス原料の軟化点が高められる。
【００１２】
しかしながら、従来の発泡剤では、このような軟化点の高いガラス原料では発泡が困難であり、このことが廃ガラスの有効利用、或いは泡ガラスの特性向上を阻む原因となっていた。
【００１３】
本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決し、軟化点の高いＥガラス組成のガラス長繊維の繊維クズ、或いは夾雑物や異物の混入で軟化点が高められた廃ガラス、更には混和材の添加により軟化点が高められたガラス原料のように、軟化点が高いガラス原料を泡ガラスのガラス原料として用いることを可能とする泡ガラス及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の泡ガラスは、ガラス粉末に、発泡剤として軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムを混合した原料粉末を発泡させて得られることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
板ガラスやビンガラスの製造工程では、原料の中に金属アルミニウムが混入すると溶融工程で発泡現象が起きる。これはＳｉ−Ｏのガラス骨格構造の中に、アルミニウムが置換され、シリコンＳｉが解離される一種の還元泡といわれているガラス欠陥の一つである。
【００１６】
一方、軽質炭酸カルシウムは、石灰石を粉砕して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムと異なり、消石灰を水に分散させた石灰乳に炭酸ガスを反応させて得られるものであり、非常に粒子の細かい微粉である。
【００１７】
軽質炭酸カルシウムは従来発泡剤として一般的に用いられている石灰石粉やドロマイト等に比べて分解温度が高く、発泡せずに焼結するのみであるとされ、泡ガラスの発泡剤としては用いられていなかったが、本発明者らは軽質炭酸カルシウムは軟化点の高いガラス原料に対しては発泡剤として有効に機能することを見出した。
【００１８】
本発明では、このような金属アルミニウムや軽質炭酸カルシウムを利用して、通常の発泡剤では発泡が困難とされる比較的軟化点の高いガラス、即ちＥガラスと称されるガラス長繊維や結晶化ガラス、更には、通常のフロート板ガラス等であっても、異物や混和材により軟化点が高められたようなガラス原料に対して発泡を起こさせ、泡ガラスとして有効利用することを可能とする。
【００１９】
本発明の泡ガラスは特に軟化点が８００℃以上のガラス原料に好適である。また、原料中の発泡剤としての軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムの含有量は次のような範囲であることが好ましく、泡ガラスの嵩比重は０．２〜０．８であることが好ましい。
【００２０】
軽質炭酸カルシウムのみを用いる場合：１．０〜１０重量％
金属アルミニウムと軽質炭酸カルシウムとを併用する場合：金属アルミニウムを０．３〜１．０重量％、軽質炭酸カルシウムを３〜５重量％
本発明の泡ガラスの製造方法は、ガラス粉末に発泡剤として軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムを混合してなる原料粉末を成形した後、加熱して発泡させることを特徴とするものであり、この方法によれば、本発明の泡ガラスを容易に製造することができる。
【００２１】
この方法において、発泡のための加熱は９００〜１０５０℃で３０〜６０分行うのが好ましい。
【００２２】
なお、本発明においては、ガラス原料として、Ｅガラス組成のガラス原料や、ウォラストナイト粉を混入したフロート板ガラス粉等を用いることで、これらのガラス原料の結晶化で高強度泡ガラスを得ることができるという効果も奏される。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
【００２４】
本発明においては、発泡剤として軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムを用いる。
【００２５】
金属アルミニウムとしては、反応活性や均一発泡性等の面から、８７μｍ目開き篩下、好ましくは４３μｍ目開き篩下の微粉が好ましい。金属アルミニウムは酸化され易いことから、焼成前の酸化を防止するために、開封後は直ちに使用することが望ましい。また、金属アルミニウム粉末に酸化防止膜のコーティングを施したものを用いても良い。金属アルミニウムとしては、純アルミニウム粉末に限らず、アルミニウム精錬スラブ（アルミドロス）を用いても良い。この場合にはアルミドロス中の金属アルミニウム含有量に応じて、同等の配合量が得られるように、発泡原料中に金属アルミニウムを用いる場合の１０〜２０倍配合する。
【００２６】
一方、軽質炭酸カルシウムは、前述の如く、消石灰を水に分散させた石灰乳に炭酸ガスを反応させて得られる微粉である。
【００２７】
本発明において、発泡剤の原料中の配合量は、次のような範囲とするのが好ましい。なお、発泡剤として金属アルミニウムのみを用いた場合には、得られる泡ガラスが黒色を呈し、見掛上の美観が損なわれる場合があるが、金属アルミニウムと共に軽質炭酸カルシウムを併用した場合には、金属アルミニウムによる黒色が淡色化され、美観を向上させることができる。
【００２８】
軽質炭酸カルシウムのみを用いる場合：１．０〜１０重量％、より好ましくは３〜７重量％
金属アルミニウムと軽質炭酸カルシウムとを併用する場合：金属アルミニウムを０．３〜１．０重量％、軽質炭酸カルシウムを３〜５重量％で合計で３．５〜５．５重量％、より好ましくは合計で４〜５重量％
発泡剤の割合が上記範囲よりも多いと、得られる泡ガラスが発泡過剰で連続気泡となってかえって嵩比重の増大を招き、逆に、上記範囲よりも少ないと、十分な気泡率で嵩比重の小さい泡ガラスを製造することができない。但し、後述の（２）のガラス原料のように、ガラス原料中に異物としてアルミニウムが混入している場合には、この混入量も考慮する必要がある場合もある。
【００２９】
なお、本発明においては、必要に応じて、金属アルミニウム、軽質炭酸カルシウムの他、通常用いられている石灰石粉末等を併用しても良い。
【００３０】
一方、本発明で用いるガラス原料は、下記（１）〜（３）のような軟化点が比較的高いもの、より具体的には、軟化点が８００℃以上、好ましくは８１０〜８６０℃のものである。
（１） ガラス長繊維工場から排出される紡糸時の繊維クズ、特に、軟化点８３０〜８５０℃のＥガラス組成（組成例：ＳｉＯ２５３重量％、Ａｌ２Ｏ３１５重量％、ＣａＯ １８重量％、Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ ０．５重量％、Ｂ２Ｏ３９重量％）の繊維クズ。或いは、軟化点７８０〜８６０℃の結晶化ガラス粉。
（２） アルミニウム、土砂、鉄、鉄サビ、コンクリート片、プラスチック、ゴム等の異物ないし夾雑物が混入することで事実上の軟化点が７８０〜８５０℃程度となった廃ガラス粉
（３） フロート板ガラス、ビンガラス等の粉末に強度や耐凍害性等の特性向上のための混和材を混合することで事実上の軟化点が７８０〜８５０℃程度となったガラス粉。この場合、混和材としては、セメント、ＡＬＣ粉末、ウォラストナイト粉末などが挙げられる。
【００３１】
これらのガラス原料は粒径４００μｍ以下、特に８７μｍ以下、とりわけ４３μｍ以下となるように粉砕して発泡原料として用いるのが好ましい。このガラス原料粉末は微粉化すればするほど得られる泡ガラスの気泡の大きさが細かく、均一な発泡状態が得られ好ましい。
【００３２】
本発明の泡ガラスを製造するには、粉砕したガラス原料粉末に所定割合の軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムを混合し、これを常法に従って型に充填して成形し、得られた成形体を焼成して発泡させれば良い。
【００３３】
この場合、焼成条件はガラス原料組成や軟化点等によって適宜決定されるが、通常の場合、５〜２０℃／分の昇温速度で９００〜１０５０℃の最高温度にまで上げ、この温度で３０〜６０分保持し、その後０．３〜１０℃／分の降温速度で冷却すれば良い。
【００３４】
このようにして製造される本発明の泡ガラスは、断熱建材等の用途の面から、嵩比重０．２〜０．８であることが望ましい。
【００３５】
なお、本発明の泡ガラスは、ガラス原料を発泡剤で発泡させた泡ガラス層のみで構成されるものであっても良く、表面や裏面、側面に、発泡剤が混合されていないガラス原料により緻密ガラス層を設けて意匠性、耐水性等を高めたものであっても良い。また、本発明に係る泡ガラス層と夾雑物を含有する廃ガラスよりなる泡ガラス層との積層構造としても良く、更にこの積層泡ガラスの表面や裏面、側面に緻密ガラス層を形成したものであっても良い。
【００３６】
このような本発明の泡ガラスは、その多孔質を利用して、建築物の基礎断熱材及び外装断熱材として、また、建築物の化粧断熱材として、更には冷凍機や冷凍室、保冷タンクの保冷用断熱材、その他吸音材等として工業的に極めて有用である。
【００３７】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。
【００３８】
実施例１〜１２、比較例１〜４
表１に示すガラス原料に、表１に示す発泡剤を表１に示す割合で混合した発泡原料粉末を用いて以下の方法で泡ガラスの製造を行った。なお、発泡剤としての金属アルミニウムとしては４３μｍ目開きの篩全通過のものを用い、また、ガラス原料は８７μｍ目開きの篩全通過のものを用いた。
【００３９】
ムライト・コージエライト系耐火板（厚み８ｍｍ）を準備し、その上に離型材として平均粒径７０μｍのアルミナを散布し、この上に原料粉末を散布充填して成形し、得られた成形体を大型の電気炉（カンタル炉）に入れ、７．５℃／分の昇温速度で９５０℃まで上げ、９５０℃で３０分保持した後降温速度１℃／分で冷却した。ただし、比較例２では、最高温度７５０℃とした。
【００４０】
このようにして得られた泡ガラスについて嵩比重と曲げ強度を調べ、結果を表１に示した。
【００４１】
なお、曲げ強度は島津製作所社製オートグラフにより３点曲げ強度を測定した。
【００４２】
【表１】
表１より明らかなように、軟化点の高いガラス原料では、従来の発泡剤であるドロマイトを用いても殆ど発泡が起こらず、これに対して金属アルミニウム及び／又は軽質炭酸カルシウムを用いることで泡ガラスを製造することができる。また、Ｅガラス組成の泡ガラスやウォラストナイトを配合した泡ガラスでは、従来の泡ガラス（比較例２）に比べて強度が５０％程度或いはそれ以上向上することがわかる。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した通り、本発明の泡ガラス及びその製造方法によれば、発泡剤として軽質炭酸カルシウム、若しくは、金属アルミニウム及び軽質炭酸カルシウムを用いることで、軟化点の高いガラス原料から高品質の泡ガラスを製造することが可能となり、これにより、従来、有効再利用がなされていなかったＥガラス組成のガラス長繊維や結晶化ガラスの廃ガラス、或いは、異物や混和材により軟化点が高められた廃ガラス等を泡ガラス原料として有効再利用することが可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foam glass useful as a heat insulating material for buildings or various industries, and a method for producing the foam glass. In particular, it has not been conventionally used as a raw material for foam glass because foaming is difficult. The present invention relates to bubble glass using a glass material having a high softening point and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Foam glass has excellent heat resistance, sound absorption, and the like due to its porosity, and therefore has a use as an exterior material, a wall material, etc. in a house.
[0003]
Foam glass is manufactured by mixing a glass raw material powder with a foaming agent and molding it, and firing the resulting molded body to a predetermined temperature. As the glass raw material for foam glass, generally, crushed glass such as plate glass or bottle glass is used. On the other hand, as the foaming agent, carbon, dolomite, boron nitride, limestone powder or the like is used. For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 61-2618 discloses a foam glass obtained by mixing 1.5 to 9.5% by weight of dolomite with a glass powder having a float plate glass composition. Foam glass obtained by mixing 0.1 to 10% by weight of boron nitride with glass powder having a float plate glass composition is disclosed in JP-A-58-60634, and limestone powder is similarly applied to glass powder having a float plate glass composition. A foam glass in which 1.0 to 10% by weight is foamed is described.
[0004]
The foaming agent for the foam glass is selected and used according to the glass raw material, and generally has a softening point of 700 to 750 ° C. such as float plate glass, template glass, bottle glass, cathode ray tube glass, long glass fiber (C glass, A glass), short glass fiber, etc. Foaming agents such as dolomite and limestone powder are used for glass materials derived from glass of a certain degree, and carbon is used as a foaming agent for glass materials having a lower softening point.
[0005]
In the production of ALC (lightweight cellular concrete), metallic aluminum is used as a foaming agent. Also known is a technique relating to a lightweight fired plate obtained by foaming cement with metal aluminum and then firing it by adding glass, molten slag or clay (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 10-182262 and 11-92211). . In these cases, the foaming mechanism of metallic aluminum as a foaming agent is to generate hydrogen gas by the reaction between aluminum and the alkali of cement to cause foaming.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, as a glass raw material of foam glass, those having a softening point of 700 to 750 ° C. or lower and a relatively low softening point are used. The glass with a softening point exceeding 800 ° C., such as sintered glass, is difficult to foam with a conventionally used foaming agent. Could not be used effectively.
[0007]
In addition, even glass with a low softening point, such as float plate glass and bottle glass, has a high softening point with waste glass mixed with foreign substances and foreign substances, so foaming with conventional foaming agents is difficult. In some cases, it could not be used effectively. In this case, it is possible to foam by reducing the softening point to the original softening point by separating impurities and foreign substances from the waste glass, but this increases the separation cost and reuses the waste glass. Thus, the advantage of reducing the glass raw material cost cannot be obtained.
[0008]
Furthermore, even when waste glass such as float plate glass or bottle glass that does not contain impurities is used as a glass raw material, in order to improve the strength and other properties of the obtained foam glass, the admixture is mixed with a softening point. In some cases, the production of foam glass was difficult.
[0009]
On the other hand, an enormous amount of long glass fiber scraps are generated from the spinning process of long fibers in a glass fiber factory, and in particular, E having a softening point of 830 to 850 ° C., which occupies a high proportion of long glass fibers. The amount of fiber waste with a glass composition is very large.
[0010]
Moreover, the waste glass of a normal plate glass or a bottle glass has many things containing a foreign material and a foreign material, Therefore, the softening point is a high thing.
[0011]
Further, from the viewpoint of the use of foam glass, improvement in strength and other characteristics is desired, and modification with various admixtures is conceivable, but in this case also, the softening point of the glass raw material is increased.
[0012]
However, it is difficult for conventional foaming agents to foam with such a glass material having a high softening point, which has hindered effective utilization of waste glass or improvement of characteristics of foam glass.
[0013]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and waste glass whose softening point is increased due to the mixing of foreign matter or foreign matter, or the addition of an admixture. An object of the present invention is to provide a bubble glass that can use a glass material having a high softening point as a glass material of the bubble glass, such as a glass material having a higher softening point, and a method for producing the same.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The foam glass of the present invention is obtained by foaming a raw material powder obtained by mixing light calcium carbonate as a foaming agent or metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate into a glass powder.
[0015]
In the manufacturing process of plate glass and bottle glass, if metallic aluminum is mixed in the raw material, a foaming phenomenon occurs in the melting process. This is one of the glass defects called a kind of reducing bubble in which aluminum is substituted in the Si-O glass skeleton structure and silicon Si is dissociated.
[0016]
On the other hand, light calcium carbonate, unlike heavy calcium carbonate obtained by grinding limestone, is obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with lime milk in which slaked lime is dispersed in water. is there.
[0017]
Light calcium carbonate has a higher decomposition temperature than limestone powder and dolomite, which are generally used as conventional foaming agents, and is only sintered without foaming. It is used as a foaming agent for foam glass. However, the present inventors have found that light calcium carbonate functions effectively as a foaming agent for glass materials having a high softening point.
[0018]
In the present invention, using such metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate, a glass having a relatively high softening point, which is difficult to foam with a normal foaming agent, that is, a glass long fiber called E glass or crystallization. Even glass, even ordinary float plate glass or the like can be foamed with respect to a glass raw material whose softening point is increased by a foreign substance or an admixture, and can be effectively used as foam glass.
[0019]
The foam glass of the present invention is particularly suitable for a glass material having a softening point of 800 ° C. or higher. Moreover, it is preferable that content of the light calcium carbonate as a foaming agent in a raw material , or metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate is the following ranges, and the bulk specific gravity of foam glass is 0.2-0.8. Preferably there is.
[0020]
When only light calcium carbonate is used: 1.0 to 10% by weight
When using a combination of metallic aluminum and light calcium carbonate: 0.3 to 1.0% by weight of metallic aluminum and 3 to 5% by weight of light calcium carbonate
The method for producing foam glass of the present invention is characterized in that after forming a raw material powder formed by mixing light calcium carbonate or a metallic aluminum and light calcium carbonate as a foaming agent into glass powder, it is heated and foamed. According to this method, the foam glass of the present invention can be easily produced.
[0021]
In this method, heating for foaming is preferably performed at 900 to 1050 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes.
[0022]
In the present invention, by using a glass raw material having an E glass composition or a float plate glass powder mixed with wollastonite powder as a glass raw material, high strength foam glass is obtained by crystallization of these glass raw materials. There is also an effect of being able to.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
[0024]
In the present invention, light calcium carbonate or metallic aluminum and light calcium carbonate are used as the foaming agent.
[0025]
The metal aluminum is preferably a fine powder under an opening sieve of 87 μm, preferably under an opening sieve of 43 μm, from the viewpoints of reaction activity and uniform foamability. Since metallic aluminum is easily oxidized, it is desirable to use it immediately after opening in order to prevent oxidation before firing. Alternatively, a metal aluminum powder coated with an antioxidant film may be used. The metal aluminum is not limited to pure aluminum powder, and an aluminum refining slab (aluminum dross) may be used. In this case, it mix | blends 10-20 times the case where metal aluminum is used in a foaming raw material so that an equivalent compounding quantity may be obtained according to metal aluminum content in aluminum dross.
[0026]
On the other hand, light calcium carbonate is a fine powder obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with lime milk in which slaked lime is dispersed in water as described above.
[0027]
In the present invention, the blending amount of the foaming agent in the raw material is preferably in the following range. In addition, when only metal aluminum is used as a foaming agent, the resulting foam glass exhibits a black color, and the apparent aesthetics may be impaired, but when light calcium carbonate is used together with metal aluminum, The black color due to the metallic aluminum is lightened and the aesthetic appearance can be improved.
[0028]
When only light calcium carbonate is used: 1.0 to 10% by weight, more preferably 3 to 7% by weight
When using metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate in combination: 0.3 to 1.0% by weight of metal aluminum, 3 to 5% by weight of light calcium carbonate, and 3.5 to 5.5% by weight in total, more preferably 4-5% by weight in total
When the ratio of the foaming agent is larger than the above range, the resulting foam glass is excessively foamed and becomes open-celled, which causes an increase in the bulk specific gravity. Conversely, when the ratio is smaller than the above range, the bulk specific gravity is increased with a sufficient foam ratio. Cannot produce small bubble glass. However, in the case where aluminum is mixed as a foreign substance in the glass raw material as in the glass raw material (2) described later, this mixing amount may need to be taken into consideration.
[0029]
In addition, in this invention, you may use together limestone powder etc. which are normally used other than metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate as needed.
[0030]
On the other hand, the glass raw material used in the present invention has a relatively high softening point as in the following (1) to (3), more specifically, the softening point is 800 ° C. or higher, preferably 810 to 860 ° C. It is.
(1) Fiber scraps at the time of spinning discharged from a glass fiber factory, in particular, an E glass composition having a softening point of 830 to 850 ° C. (composition example: SiO 2 53 wt%, Al 2 O 3 15 wt%, CaO 18 wt% %, K 2 O + Na 2 O 0.5 wt%, B 2 O 3 9 wt%). Alternatively, crystallized glass powder having a softening point of 780 to 860 ° C.
(2) Waste glass powder with a softening point of about 780-850 ° C due to the inclusion of foreign matter or impurities such as aluminum, earth and sand, iron, iron rust, concrete pieces, plastic, rubber, etc. (3) Float Glass powder having a practical softening point of about 780 to 850 ° C. by mixing an admixture for improving properties such as strength and frost damage resistance into powder such as plate glass and bottle glass. In this case, examples of the admixture include cement, ALC powder, and wollastonite powder.
[0031]
These glass materials are preferably used as a foaming material after being pulverized so as to have a particle size of 400 μm or less, particularly 87 μm or less, particularly 43 μm or less. As the glass raw material powder is finer, the bubble size of the foam glass obtained is finer, and a uniform foamed state is obtained.
[0032]
In order to produce the foam glass of the present invention, a predetermined proportion of light calcium carbonate or metallic aluminum and light calcium carbonate is mixed with the pulverized glass raw material powder, and this is filled into a mold and molded according to a conventional method. The molded body thus obtained may be fired and foamed.
[0033]
In this case, the firing conditions are appropriately determined depending on the glass raw material composition, the softening point, and the like. In a normal case, the firing temperature is raised to a maximum temperature of 900 to 1050 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 5 to 20 ° C./minute, The temperature may be maintained for ˜60 minutes, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 0.3 to 10 ° C./minute.
[0034]
It is desirable that the foam glass of the present invention thus produced has a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.8 from the viewpoint of applications such as heat insulating building materials.
[0035]
In addition, the foam glass of this invention may be comprised only by the foam glass layer which foamed the glass raw material with the foaming agent, and is based on the glass raw material by which the foaming agent is not mixed in the surface, the back surface, and the side surface. A dense glass layer may be provided to improve design properties, water resistance, and the like. Moreover, it is good also as a laminated structure of the foam glass layer which concerns on this invention, and the foam glass layer which consists of waste glass containing a foreign material, and also formed the dense glass layer in the surface, back surface, and side surface of this laminated foam glass. There may be.
[0036]
Such a foam glass of the present invention uses its porous property as a basic heat insulating material and exterior heat insulating material for buildings, as a decorative heat insulating material for buildings, and further as a refrigerator, a freezer room, and a cold storage tank. It is extremely useful industrially as a heat insulating material for cold insulation and other sound absorbing materials.
[0037]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0038]
Examples 1-12, Comparative Examples 1-4
Foam glass was manufactured by the following method using the foam raw material powder which mixed the foaming agent shown in Table 1 with the glass raw material shown in Table 1 in the ratio shown in Table 1. In addition, as the metal aluminum as the foaming agent, a material having a 43-μm opening through the screen was used, and as the glass raw material, a 87-μm opening through the screen was used.
[0039]
Prepare a mullite cordierite fire plate (thickness 8 mm), spray alumina with an average particle size of 70 μm on it as a mold release material, spray and fill the raw material powder on it, and mold the resulting molded body in large size Was heated to 950 ° C. at a heating rate of 7.5 ° C./min, held at 950 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 1 ° C./min. However, in Comparative Example 2, the maximum temperature was 750 ° C.
[0040]
The foam glass thus obtained was examined for bulk specific gravity and bending strength, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0041]
The bending strength was measured by a three-point bending strength using an autograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Table 1 As is apparent, the high softening point glass material, hardly occur foaming even with conventional dolomite is a blowing agent, with the use of metallic aluminum and / or precipitated calcium carbonate contrast Foam glass can be produced. Moreover, it turns out that intensity | strength improves about 50% or more in the foam glass which mix | blended the foam glass and wollastonite of E glass composition compared with the conventional foam glass (comparative example 2).
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the foam glass of the present invention and the method for producing the same, by using light calcium carbonate or metal aluminum and light calcium carbonate as a foaming agent, high-quality foam can be obtained from a glass material having a high softening point. It became possible to manufacture glass, and the softening point was raised by the waste glass of the glass long fiber of the E glass composition and the crystallized glass which had not been made effective conventionally conventionally, or a foreign material or an admixture. Waste glass or the like can be effectively reused as the foam glass raw material.
Claims (6)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104788011A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Foam microcrystalline glass made of high-silicon iron tailings and production method of foam microcrystalline glass |
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| EP1767503A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-28 | Saint-Gobain Revetex S.r.l. | Foamed glass granules for reinforcing structures in general, process for manufacturing said granules and structure reinforced with the same |
| CN103951260B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of energy-saving open celled foam glass and its preparation method |
| CN107512873B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-03-27 | 江门市俊发安全玻璃有限公司 | Low-density building foam glass and preparation method thereof |
| TR201908435A2 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-21 | Anadolu Ueniversitesi | MULTI-PURPOSE GLASS FOAM FROM RECYCLED GLASS |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000319037A (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-21 | Koa Glass Kk | Foam glass and its production |
| JP2001287915A (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-10-16 | Tokai Concrete Industries Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing hardened foam |
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| JP3074921B2 (en) * | 1992-04-02 | 2000-08-07 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Vitreous sintered body |
| JP4556274B2 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2010-10-06 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | Laminated foam glass containing impurities |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000319037A (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-21 | Koa Glass Kk | Foam glass and its production |
| JP2001287915A (en) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-10-16 | Tokai Concrete Industries Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing hardened foam |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104788011A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Foam microcrystalline glass made of high-silicon iron tailings and production method of foam microcrystalline glass |
| CN104788011B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-03-01 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of tailings of high silicon iron foam pyroceram and its production method |
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