JP4643984B2 - Three-dimensional shape display device, program and storage medium - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, such as three-dimensional CAD / CAM / CAE / CG, 3 -dimensional shape display device Ru used in the field of handling three-dimensional shape, a program, and storage medium.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of not displaying only a part of the three-dimensional shape data, such as hiding or making transparent the shape of a part that the viewer does not want to show.

JP-A-10-214356

  In 3D CAD / CAM / CAE / CG, etc., a part of the created 3D shape is disclosed due to reasons such as high design and confidentiality when the created 3D shape is disclosed and viewed by other than the creator. Often there are situations where you just don't want to show the viewer.

  Also, for example, when a product catalog is disclosed on the Web, depending on the purpose of disclosure, only the three-dimensional exterior shape of the product is desired to be shown to the viewer. There are sites that do not need to be shown.

  In these cases, when the viewer can freely perform viewpoint operations on the three-dimensional shape, it is necessary to cope with either of the following (1) and (2).

  (1) In addition to the original three-dimensional shape data, shape data for browsing is also prepared and used for browsing.

  (2) No shape data for browsing is prepared, and an image of a portion that is not desired to be browsed is deleted from the original three-dimensional shape data for browsing.

  In the case of (1), it looks good and is a natural response, but it is necessary to prepare the shape data for browsing in addition to the original three-dimensional shape data, and it takes extra time for data creation. There is a problem, and there is also a management problem that two types of data must be maintained depending on the application.

  In the case of (2), since an image in which a desired item is cut is browsed, there is a problem that it is unnatural and poor in appearance.

  Furthermore, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is a means that does not display only that part, such as hiding or making transparent the shape of a part that the viewer does not want to show. There is a problem that the outline may be grasped from the shape.

  The object of the present invention is to prevent the amount of 3D shape data from becoming excessively large, and to prevent the appearance of the 3D shape from being deteriorated so as not to show a portion of the 3D shape that is not desired to be shown. It is.

The present invention relates to non-display information extraction means for extracting display prohibition information, which is information prohibiting display of a specific portion of the three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional shape data, from a file including three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape When there is a display request on the prohibited viewpoint information calculation means for calculating the line-of-sight direction prohibiting the display of the three-dimensional shape based on the display prohibition information and the display device of the three-dimensional shape, the request is Viewpoint display suppressing means for prohibiting the three-dimensional shape display in the line-of-sight direction when the display is in the line-of-sight direction prohibiting the display, and the non-display information extracting means is the display prohibition information It is a three-dimensional shape display device that extracts a display prohibition plane that is a virtual plane having a finite area for prohibiting the display .

A non-display information extracting unit that extracts display prohibition information that is information for prohibiting display of a specific portion of the three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional shape data from a file including the three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape; When there is a display request on the prohibited viewpoint information calculation means for calculating the line-of-sight direction for prohibiting the display of the three-dimensional shape based on the display prohibition information and the display device of the three-dimensional shape, the request is displayed as the display When the display is in the line-of-sight direction prohibiting display, the computer executes the viewpoint operation suppression means for prohibiting the display of the three-dimensional shape in the line-of-sight direction, and the non-display information extracting means is configured to display the display prohibition information. Is a computer-readable program that extracts a display-prohibited plane that is a virtual plane having a finite area where display is prohibited .

  According to the present invention, when a part of the three-dimensional shape that prohibits display is specified, a line-of-sight direction that prohibits display of the three-dimensional shape is calculated, and there is a request for display of the three-dimensional shape, When the request is a display in a line-of-sight direction that prohibits display, three-dimensional shape display in the line-of-sight direction is prohibited. Therefore, the amount of 3D shape data does not become excessively large, and the appearance of the 3D shape does not deteriorate, so that a portion of the 3D shape that is not desired to be shown can be prevented from being shown.

  The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of electrical connection of the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 of the present embodiment. The three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 implements the three-dimensional shape setting device and the three-dimensional shape display device of the present invention, and includes a personal computer, a workstation, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 performs various calculations and centrally controls each part of the computer and a memory 13 including various ROMs and RAMs connected by a bus 14. Has been.

  The bus 14 is connected to a magnetic storage device 15 such as a hard disk, an input device 16 such as a keyboard and a mouse, a display device 17 and a storage medium 18 that implements the storage medium of the present invention such as an optical disk via a predetermined interface. Is connected to a storage medium reading device 19, and a predetermined communication control device 20 is connected to communicate with the network 2.

  As the storage medium 18, various media such as an optical disk such as a CD and a DVD and a magneto-optical disk can be used. Further, as the storage medium reading device 19, specifically, an optical disk drive device, a magneto-optical disk drive device, or the like is used according to the type of the storage medium 18.

  The three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 reads from the storage medium 18 a program 23 for realizing a function to be described later for executing the program of the present invention, and installs it in the magnetic storage device 15. These programs 23 may be downloaded and installed via the network 2 such as the Internet. By this installation, the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 is in a state in which predetermined processing described later can be executed. Note that the program 23 may operate on a predetermined OS. The program 23 is application software such as CAD.

  FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of processing executed by the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 based on the program 23.

  The functions realized by the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 based on the program 23 are divided into a non-display information setting unit 101 and a viewpoint operation suppression unit 102.

  First, the non-display information setting unit 101 will be described. The non-display information setting unit 101 includes non-display information adding means 111.

  The non-display information adding unit 111 is configured to process the newly created 3D shape data or the 3D shape data input from the file when the 3D shape data is stored in the file. The information (display prohibition information) for specifying the portion for which display is prohibited in the three-dimensional shape expressed by is added and output to a file. As a result, the created file includes the three-dimensional shape data and the display prohibition information. This file is stored in the magnetic storage device 15 which is an external storage device.

  As the display prohibition information, for example, a display prohibition plane is used. The display prohibition plane is literally a virtual plane having a finite area in which display is prohibited. Here, “virtual” means that it is not a part of the three-dimensional shape that is the main object of display but an attribute element. In this case, if there are a plurality of parts that do not permit a certain display, there are a plurality of display-prohibited planes. That is, when it is not desired to display a part having a three-dimensional shape, each plane constituting the part is designated as a display-prohibited plane.

  In the following description, a case where this display-prohibited plane is used as information for designating a portion for prohibiting display of a three-dimensional shape will be described as an example.

  The viewpoint operation suppression unit 102 includes a non-display information extraction unit 121, a prohibited viewpoint information calculation unit 122, and a viewpoint operation suppression unit 123.

  The non-display information extracting unit 121 extracts display prohibition information (display prohibition plane) from the file created by the non-display information adding unit 111 together with the three-dimensional shape data stored in the file.

  The prohibited viewpoint information calculation unit 122 calculates prohibited viewpoint information indicating a viewpoint direction in which the viewer is not allowed to browse from the extracted display prohibited plane. That is, when viewing in a certain line-of-sight direction, whether or not display in that direction should be prohibited depends on the angle formed by the line-of-sight vector (unit vector) and the normal vector (unit vector) of each display-prohibited plane. Judgment can be made. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the angle formed by these vectors and the determination of whether to prohibit or permit display.

  More specifically, the viewpoint of the line-of-sight vector in which the inner product with the normal vector (unit vector) of any display-prohibited plane is a positive number or 0 is viewpoint information that is not allowed to the viewer. In other words, if all are negative, the viewpoint operation requested by the viewer may be accepted.

In the example of FIG. 3A, the inner product of the normal vector (unit vector) N ₁ of the display-inhibited plane H ₁ and the line-of-sight vector V is a positive number. Become.

Further, in the example of FIG. 3 (b), a normal vector (unit vector) N ₂ of the display prohibition plane H _2, because the inner product of the sight line vector V is negative, the example positional relationship to be allowed to see become.

  Therefore, when viewing a three-dimensional shape Z from a certain line-of-sight vector V, whether or not display should be permitted depends on whether the display-prohibited plane of the three-dimensional shape Z and the line-of-sight vector V are as shown in FIG. It depends on whether the relationship becomes the relationship shown in FIG.

  In this way, a line-of-sight vector that prohibits browsing of the three-dimensional shape is calculated and used as prohibited viewpoint information.

  The viewpoint operation suppression means 123 is configured such that when the viewer is viewing the three-dimensional shape on the display device, the viewpoint when the viewer tries to set or change the three-dimensional shape on the display device is the prohibited viewpoint information. If it is set, a process for prohibiting the setting / change is performed.

  4 and 5 show specific examples. 4A is a bottom view of the three-dimensional shape Z, FIG. 4B is a perspective view thereof, FIG. 4C is a front view thereof, and FIG. 4D is a right side view thereof. In FIG. 4, the display prohibition plane H is shown, and the direction of the normal vector N is indicated by an arrow. FIG. 5 is a rendering display of the three-dimensional shape Z as viewed obliquely from below.

  In the figure seen from diagonally below in FIG. 4, the hatched plane is the display-prohibited plane, and the arrow is the normal direction. (C) The state of the front view and the side view of (d) is a state in which an image can be displayed to the viewer because the positional relationship of the shape with respect to the viewpoint is in a state where the front side of the display prohibited plane H cannot be seen. Even if the viewer tries to operate the viewpoint while looking at the bottom surface of the three-dimensional shape Z from the state of the front view (c), it cannot be operated by the processing executed by the prohibited viewpoint information calculation unit 122 and the viewpoint operation suppression unit 123. That is, in this case, the bottom view (a) of the three-dimensional shape Z cannot be displayed. Similarly, the state of FIG. 5 in which the display prohibition plane H is visible cannot be displayed. However, even when the three-dimensional shape Z is viewed obliquely, it can be displayed from above.

  Processing executed by the three-dimensional shape setting / display device 1 as described above will be described with reference to a flowchart.

  First, the non-display information setting unit 101 will be described.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the three-dimensional shape of the target three-dimensional shape data is displayed and the input device 16 is operated to specify a portion for which display is prohibited (Y in step S1), this display is displayed. Information for specifying the prohibited part (display prohibition information), the display prohibition plane in the above example, is added and output to a file containing 3D shape data, or a new file together with 3D shape data (Step S2).

  Next, processing executed by the viewpoint operation suppression unit 102 will be described.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when a 3D shape is displayed on the display device 17 based on the 3D shape data in the file, whether or not a display prohibition plane that is display prohibition information is included in the file. Is determined (step S11). If it is included (Y in Step S11), it is determined whether or not the line-of-sight vector V requested by the viewpoint operation should be prohibited based on the display prohibition plane included in the file (Step S12). ).

  Then, according to the determination in step S12, it is determined whether or not display of the three-dimensional shape at the requested viewpoint should be prohibited (step S13). When it should be prohibited (Y in step S13), a message indicating that display according to the requested viewpoint operation cannot be performed is displayed on the display device 17 to notify the viewer (step S14). When it should not be prohibited (N in Step S13), the viewpoint information is changed as requested by the viewpoint operation, and the three-dimensional shape is displayed at the requested viewpoint (Step S15).

  Next, the determination in step S12 will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the inner product V · N of the line-of-sight vector V requested by the viewpoint operation and the normal vector N of the display-prohibited plane H is calculated (step S21). When the inner product V · N is a positive number or 0 (N in step S22), it is determined that the display of the three-dimensional shape with the viewpoint information requested by the viewpoint operation should be prohibited (step S23). . When the inner product V · N is a negative number (Y in step S22), the determinations in steps S21 and S22 are performed for all display-prohibited planes H when there are a plurality of display-prohibited planes H (step S24). When the inner product V · N is negative for all display-prohibited planes H (Y in step S22), it is determined that display of the three-dimensional shape with the viewpoint information requested by the viewpoint operation should be permitted (step S22). S25).

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another example of the process of FIG. 9, steps with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 7 are the same as those in FIG. In the process of FIG. 9, steps S31 and S32 are added.

  In step S31, the display prohibition plane H that is the object of determination in step S12 is determined for the part i that is a part of the three-dimensional shape, and in step S12, the display prohibition plane H that is the object of determination in step S31 is the object. Process as follows. Such a determination is performed until all the parts constituting the three-dimensional shape are targeted until it is determined that one part should be prohibited (Y in step S13) (N in step S32). That is, the processing example of FIG. 9 assumes that other component shapes may hide the display-prohibited plane H.

  Details of the processing in step S31 will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is determined whether or not a part i that is a part having a three-dimensional shape is hidden by a part k that is another part when viewed with a requested line of sight (step S41). If the part i is hidden by the part k in this determination (Y in step S42), the display prohibition plane H of the part i is excluded from the determination processing in step S12 (step S43).

  Unless at least one of the display-prohibited planes H of the component i is determined as Y in step S42, it is determined whether or not all display-prohibited planes H of the component i are hidden by the component k (Y in step S44). Such determination is made for all other components k (step S45).

  Note that whether or not the display-prohibited plane (plane having a finite area) H of a part i is hidden by another part k by the determination in step S41 is a hidden surface processing technique well known in the CAD / CG field. It can be easily determined.

  In each of the above-described examples, the example in which the display prohibition plane is used as the display prohibition information has been described. Next, another example of the display prohibition information will be described.

  In this case, the non-display information setting unit 101 sets, as attribute information, that display is prohibited for each surface constituting a three-dimensional shape.

  In this case, the target to be extracted by the non-display information extraction unit 121 in the viewpoint operation suppression unit 102 is different from the above example. Here, it is determined whether or not the aforementioned attribute information is added to each surface constituting the three-dimensional shape. For a surface for which attribute information is set, if the shape of the surface is a plane, the same processing as that in the case of using the display-prohibited plane H is performed. When the surface has a curved surface shape, the normal vector H that is a target for calculating the inner product of the line-of-sight vector V is, for example, an average normal vector. The average normal vector is obtained by integrating the boundary curve sequence of the curved surface.

  In addition, the above-described 3D shape setting / display device 1 realizes both functions of the non-display information setting unit 101 and the viewpoint operation suppression unit 102, but as a device that realizes only one of these functions. The present invention may be implemented. That is, the three-dimensional shape setting device and the three-dimensional shape display device are implemented as separate devices.

  For example, the three-dimensional shape display device of the present invention can be implemented as a viewer that performs only the function of the viewpoint operation suppression unit 102. This is a dedicated system for viewing 3D shapes generated by a CAD system that implements a 3D shape setting device. Various types of information such as shapes and dimensions, such as editing 3D shapes, can be displayed. It has no functions other than browsing.

It is a block diagram of the electrical connection of the three-dimensional shape setting / display apparatus which is one embodiment of this invention. It is a functional block diagram of a three-dimensional shape setting / display device. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the angle which a line-of-sight vector and the normal vector of a display prohibition plane make, and the prohibition of the display of a three-dimensional shape, and permission. It is explanatory drawing explaining the content of the process which a three-dimensional shape setting and display apparatus performs. It is a perspective view of the rendering display of the example of the three-dimensional shape in the case of FIG. It is a flowchart of the process which a non-display information setting part performs. It is a flowchart of the process which a viewpoint operation suppression part performs. It is a flowchart which shows the subroutine of step S12. It is a flowchart of the other example of the process which a viewpoint operation suppression part performs. It is a flowchart which shows the subroutine of step S31.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3D shape setting apparatus, 3D shape display apparatus 17 Display apparatus 18 Storage medium 23 Program 121 Non-display information extraction means 122 Prohibited viewpoint information calculation means 123 Viewpoint operation suppression means

Claims (9)

Non-display information extraction means for extracting display prohibition information, which is information prohibiting display of a specific portion of the three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional shape data, from a file including three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape;
Forbidden viewpoint information calculating means for calculating a line-of-sight direction for prohibiting display of the three-dimensional shape based on the display prohibition information;
When there is a request for display on the display device of the three-dimensional shape, if the request is a display in the line-of-sight direction prohibiting the display, a viewpoint for prohibiting the three-dimensional shape display in the line-of-sight direction Operation suppression means;
Equipped with a,
The three-dimensional shape display device , wherein the non-display information extraction unit extracts a display prohibition plane that is a virtual plane having a finite area that prohibits the display as the display prohibition information . 2. The three-dimensional image according to claim 1 , wherein the prohibited viewpoint information calculation unit calculates a gaze direction that inhibits the display based on an angle formed by a gaze vector that is a vector indicating a gaze direction and a normal vector of the display-forbidden plane. Shape display device. The prohibition viewpoint information calculation means obtains an inner product between the normal vector and the viewing vector, determines the value of the inner product is a line-of-sight direction to prohibit the display when the positive or 0, according to claim 2 3D shape display device. The prohibited viewpoint information calculation means, when a certain part of the three-dimensional shape is hidden by another part of the three-dimensional shape, the display prohibition plane of the certain part is the point at the certain viewpoint. The three-dimensional shape display apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a gaze direction that prohibits display of the three-dimensional shape is not calculated. Non-display information extraction means for extracting display prohibition information, which is information prohibiting display of a specific portion of the three-dimensional shape represented by the three-dimensional shape data, from a file including three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape;
Forbidden viewpoint information calculating means for calculating a line-of-sight direction for prohibiting display of the three-dimensional shape based on the display prohibition information;
When there is a request for display on the display device of the three-dimensional shape, if the request is a display in the line-of-sight direction prohibiting the display, a viewpoint for prohibiting the three-dimensional shape display in the line-of-sight direction Operation suppression means;
To the computer ,
The non-display information extracting means extracts a display prohibition plane, which is a virtual plane having a finite area for prohibiting the display, as the display prohibition information . The program according to claim 5 , wherein the prohibited viewpoint information calculation unit calculates a line-of-sight direction that prohibits the display based on an angle formed by a line-of-sight vector that is a vector indicating the line-of-sight direction and a normal vector of the display-prohibited plane. The prohibition viewpoint information calculation means obtains an inner product between the normal vector and the viewing vector, determines the value of the inner product is a line-of-sight direction to prohibit the display when the positive or 0, according to claim 6 Program. The prohibited viewpoint information calculation means, when a certain part of the three-dimensional shape is hidden by another part of the three-dimensional shape, the display prohibition plane of the certain part is the point at the certain viewpoint. The program according to any one of claims 5 to 7 , wherein a gaze direction that prohibits display of a three-dimensional shape is not calculated. The storage medium which has memorize | stored the program as described in any one of Claims 5-8 .

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