JP4623880B2 - Spark plug - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4623880B2
JP4623880B2 JP2001244391A JP2001244391A JP4623880B2 JP 4623880 B2 JP4623880 B2 JP 4623880B2 JP 2001244391 A JP2001244391 A JP 2001244391A JP 2001244391 A JP2001244391 A JP 2001244391A JP 4623880 B2 JP4623880 B2 JP 4623880B2
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Prior art keywords
ground electrode
electrode
metal shell
tip
spark plug
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JP2001244391A
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JP2003059618A (en
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友聡 加藤
守 無笹
清博 近藤
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はスパークプラグに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車用エンジンなどの内燃機関に使用されるスパークプラグのうち、レース用等の高出力エンジンに搭載されるものは、エンジンからの強い振動を受けやすく、接地電極の折損等が生じやすい問題がある。その原因として、機関もしくは燃焼振動による共振と高加速度(G)とが考えられる。一般のスパークプラグは、接地電極が、先端側が中心電極側を向くようにアール状に曲げ加工されていることから、主体金具への取り付け基端側に曲げモーメントが作用しやすく、より折損等が生じやすいといえる。
【0003】
そこで、レース用に特化されたスパークプラグの仕様として、接地電極を上記のようにアール状に曲げ加工せず、主体金具との接合側端部から、主体金具の中心軸線に近づく向きに直線的に延びる形態としたものが、例えば特開平5−74549号や特開平2−32692号の各公報に開示されている。このような接地電極形態とすることにより、接地電極の全長が短くなり、振動が加わったときに電極の接合基端部に付加される片振り曲げモーメントを小さくできるので、折損等が生じにくくなる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、近年、レース用自動車やオートバイ用のエンジンはさらに高性能・高出力化しており、より高温下にてスパークプラグに強い振動が加わるようになってきている。その結果、上記従来のスパークプラグにおける接地電極の形態改良だけでは、折損対策を十分に図ることが困難となっている。
【0005】
本発明の課題は、レース用の高出力エンジン用用途において、接地電極の折損を一層効果的に防止ないし抑制できるスパークプラグを提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用・効果】
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明のスパークプラグは、中心電極と、その中心電極の外側に設けられた絶縁体と、絶縁体の外側に設けられるとともに内燃機関への取付ねじ部が外周面に形成された主体金具と、一端側が主体金具に結合され、他端側が中心電極の先端と対向するように配置されて中心電極との間に火花放電ギャップを形成する接地電極とを備え、その特徴部が以下のように構成される(以下、理解の便宜を図るために図1及び図2を援用して説明するが、本発明は該図面に開示されたスパークプラグの形態に限定されるものでないことはもちろんである)。
【0007】
すなわち、図1において、取付ねじ部6の中心軸線Oと直交する第一投影面Pへの正射投影像(図1(b))において、該接地電極4は中心軸線Oに関する半径方向に直線的に延伸した外形形態を有する。また、図1(b)に示すように、中心軸線Oと、投影面P上における接地電極4の正射投影像の延伸方向Lとのいずれとも平行な第二投影面Qを考えたとき、図2に示すように、接地電極4の火花放電ギャップgに近い側の側面(第一側面)Jが、該第二投影面Qへの正射投影像において、主体金具5との接合側の端Aから先端Bに向けて少なくともその途中区間まで、中心軸線Oに近づく向きに直線的に延びる形態を有してなる。そして、該形態をなす接地電極4が、Ir含有量が22〜40質量%であるPt合金にて構成されたことを特徴とする。本発明においてPt合金とは、含有量の最も高い成分がPtである合金を意味する。
【0008】
上記の構成においては、接地電極を、従来のレース用スパークプラグと同様に、主体金具との接合側から中心軸線に近づく形で直線的に延びる形態とし、振動付加時の曲げモーメントの低減を図る。そして、これを前提として接地電極4の材質を、特に、上記組成範囲のIrを含有したPt合金にて構成することで、接地電極の高温強度が著しく高められ、ひいてはより高出力のレース用エンジン等に適用された場合においても、折損等の不具合を効果的に防止ないし抑制することができる。
【0009】
接地電極を構成するPt合金中のIr含有量が22質量%以下になると高温強度が損なわれ、折損防止効果の顕著な向上が望めなくなる。他方、Ir含有量が40質量%を超えると合金が高融点化しすぎて、接地電極を主体金具に溶接する際に溶け不足等が生じやすくなり、接合強度の低下を招くことにつながる。Ir含有量は、より望ましくは25〜35質量%とするのがよい。なお、電極の高温耐食性を確保する観点から、Ptの含有量は50質量%以上、望ましくは60質量%以上とするのがよい。他方、Pt合金中には、接地電極の高温強度が損なわれない範囲にて、Rh、Ru、Os、Re及びW等の、Ir以外の金属元素が含有されていてもよい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明のいくつかの実施の形態を、図面を用いて説明する。
図1(a)及び(b)に示す本発明の一例たるスパークプラグ1は、筒状の主体金具5、その主体金具5の内側嵌め込まれた絶縁体3、その絶縁体3の内側に設けられた中心電極2、一端側が主体金具5に結合され、他端側が中心電極2の先端と対向するように配置されて中心電極2との間に火花放電ギャップgを形成する接地電極4等を備えている。
【0011】
絶縁体3は、例えばアルミナあるいは窒化アルミニウム等のセラミック焼結体により構成され、図1(c)に示すように、その内部には自身の軸方向に沿って中心電極2を嵌め込むための孔部(貫通孔)3dを有している。また、主体金具5は、低炭素鋼等の金属により円筒状に形成されており、スパークプラグ1のハウジングを構成するとともに、その外周面には、図1(a)に示すように、スパークプラグ1を図示しないシリンダヘッドに取り付けるためのねじ部6が形成されている。
【0012】
他方、図1(c)に示すように、絶縁体3の孔部3dには、その一方の端部側に端子金具13が挿入・固定され、同じく他方の端部側に中心電極2が挿入・固定されている。また、該貫通孔3d内において端子金具13と中心電極2との間に抵抗体15が配置されている。この抵抗体15の両端部は、導電性ガラスシール層16,17を介して中心電極2と端子金具13とにそれぞれ電気的に接続されている。また、中心電極2は、電極の表層部分を構成する母材がNi合金にて構成され、必要に応じてその内部に熱引き改善のための、図示しない放熱促進用芯材部(例えばCuあるいはCu合金にて構成される)が埋設される。また、火花放電ギャップgに面する先端位置に、Ir合金あるいはPt合金からなる貴金属発火部32が溶接接合されている。
【0013】
図1(b)に示すように、取付ねじ部6の中心軸線Oと直交する第一投影面Pへの正射投影像において、該接地電極4は中心軸線Oに関する半径方向に直線的に延伸した外形形態を有する。そして、図2に示すように、中心軸線Oと、投影面P上における接地電極4の正射投影像の延伸方向Lとのいずれとも平行な第二投影面Qを考えたとき、接地電極4の火花放電ギャップgに近い側の側面(第一側面)Jが、該第二投影面Qへの正射投影像において、主体金具5との接合側の端Aから先端Bに向けて少なくともその途中区間まで、中心軸線Oに近づく向きに直線的に延びる形態を有してなる。そして、接地電極4は、その全体が、Ir含有量が22〜40質量%であるPt合金にて構成されてなる。
【0014】
接地電極4は、具体的には上記合金からなる棒状素材の一方の端部を溶接部Wにより接合して形成されたものである。この溶接は、公知の抵抗溶接法により行われるものである。図2に示す態様では、着火性を上げるために、中心電極2の先端部(あるいは貴金属発火部32)を主体金具1の先端面から突出配置している。そこで、接地電極4は、第一側面Jが、主体金具5との接合側の端Aから先端Bに向けて、傾斜した形で中心軸線Oに近づく向きに、全区間に渡り直線的に延びる形態とされ、上記突出した中心電極2の先端面との間に火花放電ギャップgを形成している。このような接地電極形態を有するスパークプラグを、一般にスラント電極タイプと称している。このように接地電極4を傾斜形態に接合するためには、図2に示すように、主体金具5の先端面5tを内周側が突出する円錐面状に形成しておき、そこに角柱形態(例えば軸断面が正方形状あるいは長方形状のもの)の棒状素材の側面基端部を重ね合わせる形態で溶接するとよい。
【0015】
上記の形態の場合、着火性は大幅に向上するが、火花放電ギャップgを形成する第一側面Jが、電極先端に近づくほど中心電極2の先端面から離間してギャップ長が大きくなるため、火花がギャップ間隔の短くなる側に偏って発生しやすくなる。これが問題となる場合は、図9に示すように、接地電極4の全長は若干長くなるが、中心電極2の先端面と平行に対向する平行面部J’を形成するようにしてもよい。この形態においては、第一側面Jは、主体金具5との接合側の端Aから先端Bに向けて、途中区間までが、中心軸線Oに近づく向きに直線的に延びることとなる。
【0016】
他方、図3に示すように、中心電極2の先端部(あるいは貴金属発火部32)を、主体金具5の先端面より一定距離だけ引っ込んで位置させ、接地電極4を中心軸線Oと略直交する向きに非傾斜に配置することもできる。この構成の場合、接地電極4が傾斜しない分だけその全長を短くでき、ひいては耐折損性を一層高めることができる。また、接地電極4の第一側面Jを中心電極2の先端面と平行に対向させることができるので、図2の構成と比較して偏消耗が生じにくく、電極の長寿命化を図ることができる。このような接地電極形態を有するスパークプラグを、一般にサイド電極タイプと称している。
【0017】
図1及び図2に示す接地電極4は、一様な矩形断面を有する棒状素材、例えば角柱状素材を用いて形成することができる。この場合、図4〜図8に示すように、接地電極4は、火花放電ギャップgから遠い側の側面を第二側面Kとして、棒状素材の先端部を第二側面K側において一部切り欠く切欠部4a,4b,4cを形成することにより、該先端部にて体積が減じられた形態をなすものとして構成することができる。振動が加わったときに接地電極4が受ける曲げモーメントは、接地電極4の長手方向の質量分布において、拘束端(つまり主体金具1への接合端)からの距離が長い位置に質量集中していると大きくなる。そこで、接合端からの距離が長い電極先端部に上記のような切欠部4a,4b,4cを形成しておけば、同じレベルの振動が加わった場合でも、接地電極4が受ける曲げモーメントを小さくでき、ひいては耐折損性を高めることができる。
【0018】
図4〜図6は、図2のスラント電極タイプのものに切欠部4a,4b,4cを形成した例である。図4では、第二側面Kの先端に向かうほど、接地電極4の厚みを長手方向に連続的に減少させる平面状の切欠部4aを形成している。なお、接地電極4の厚みを段階的に減少させる階段状の切欠部4aを形成してもよい。図5では、接地電極4の先端部に、基端側よりも薄肉となる一様な厚さの薄肉部を形成する切欠部4bが形成されている。さらに、図6においては、接地電極4の先端部において、幅方向両側に傾斜面状の切欠部4cを形成することにより、当該幅方向両側部分が中央部よりも薄肉となる形態とされている。図7及び図8は、図3のサイド電極タイプのものに、図4及び図5と同様の切欠部4a,4bを形成した例である。
【0019】
上記切欠部の形成長さが過度に大きくなると、薄肉化する区間が長くなりすぎ、耐折損性向上効果が帰って損なわれることにもつながる。この観点において、例えば図4、図5、図7あるいは図8に示すように、切欠部4a,4bは、接地電極4の先端から長手方向に2mmまでの区間Lに収まるように形成することが望ましい。
【0020】
また、図4、図5、図7あるいは図8において、主体金具5は、取付ねじ部6の形成部分にて内周面が円筒状面5eとされている。ここで、該円筒状面5eを火花放電ギャップgの存在側に延長し、接地電極4の該延長面5eよりも内側に突出する部分(以下、電極突出部という)の体積をV、切欠部4a,4bの形成により棒状素材から減じられる体積をV’としたとき、V’/(V+V’)の値が0.05以上0.3以下とされている
【0021】
例えば切欠部4a,4bの非形成区間において、電極突出部が直柱体状に形成されている場合、その直柱体状部と同一の軸断面形状及び寸法を有し、かつ電極突出部と同一長さの直柱体の体積をV0として求めれば、実際の電極突出部の体積Vを求めることにより、V’は、V0とVとの差分V0−Vとして算出することができる。各体積パラメータの値は、公知の3次元形状測定器を用いて測定した、電極突出部の3次元形状プロファイルから計算することが可能である。
【0022】
【実施例】
本発明の効果を確認するために、以下の実験を行った。
図1及び図2に示すスパークプラグの試験品として、取付ねじ部6の呼びがM14、中心電極2の主体金具5からの出寸法が0.3mm、火花放電ギャップgの間隔(最小となる位置での値)が0.6mm、接地電極4の断面形状が0.8mm×0.8mmの正方形状であり、電極突出部長さが3.9mmのものを種々に作製した。接地電極4の材質として用いたのは、表1に示す種々の組成のPt−Ir二元合金であり、いずれも熱間伸線した線材を素材として用い、主体金具5に対して抵抗溶接により接合した。また、番号5の試験品については、図4に示す形態の切欠部4aを、接地電極4の先端から長手方向に1mmの長さにて、前記したV’/(V+V’)の値が0.064(切欠部4aにおいて接地電極4の厚みを1/4だけ減じた場合の値に相当)となるように形成した。
【0023】
上記の各スパークプラグを加振器に取り付け、振動周波数をスイープしながら接地電極の振動速度をレーザードップラー振動計にて測定し、その振動速度を周波数分析することにより共振周波数を求めた。以上の結果を表1に示す。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 0004623880
【0025】
これによると、接地電極4の材質として、Ir含有量が22質量%以上のPt合金を用いることにより、共振周波数が顕著に高くなり、耐折損性を向上させる上で有利となる結果が得られていることがわかる。
【0026】
次に、表2に示す種々の組成のPt−Ir二元合金を用いて、同様のスパークプラグ試験品を作製し、図10に示すように、接地電極4を先端側から曲げ起こす変形を加えたときに、溶接部Wに剥離が生じたか否かを目視にて確認した。以上の結果を表2に示す。
【0027】
【表2】
Figure 0004623880
【0028】
これによると、接地電極4の材質として、Ir含有量が40質量%以下のPt合金を用いることにより、溶接部Wに剥離が生じず、接合強度が高められていることがわかる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明のスパークプラグの一例を示す正面図、底面図及び部分縦断面図。
【図2】 図1のスパークプラグの要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図3】 図1のスパークプラグの、第一変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図4】 図1のスパークプラグの、第二変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図5】 図1のスパークプラグの、第三変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図6】 図1のスパークプラグの、第四変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図7】 図1のスパークプラグの、第五変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図8】 図1のスパークプラグの、第六変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図9】 図1のスパークプラグの、第七変形例の要部を拡大して示す半断面図。
【図10】 接地電極の接合強度を確認する試験方法の説明図。
【符号の説明】
1 スパークプラグ
2 中心電極
3 絶縁体
4 接地電極
4a,4b,4c 切欠部
5 主体金具
O 中心軸線
6 取付ねじ部
g 火花放電ギャップ
P 第一投影面
L 延伸方向
Q 第二投影面
J 第一側面
K 第二側面[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spark plug.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among spark plugs used in internal combustion engines such as automobile engines, those mounted on high-power engines such as those for racing are susceptible to strong vibration from the engine and are liable to cause breakage of the ground electrode. . The cause is considered to be resonance due to engine or combustion vibration and high acceleration (G). In general spark plugs, since the ground electrode is bent in a round shape so that the tip side faces the center electrode side, a bending moment tends to act on the base end side attached to the metal shell, resulting in more breakage, etc. It can be said that it is easy to occur.
[0003]
Therefore, as a specification of a spark plug specialized for racing, the ground electrode is not bent into a round shape as described above, but straight from the joint side end to the metal shell toward the central axis of the metal shell. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-74549 and 2-33262 disclose such extended forms. By adopting such a ground electrode configuration, the total length of the ground electrode is shortened, and the swing bending moment applied to the joint base end portion of the electrode when vibration is applied can be reduced. .
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in recent years, engines for racing cars and motorcycles have been improved in performance and output, and strong vibrations have been applied to spark plugs at higher temperatures. As a result, it is difficult to sufficiently take measures against breakage only by improving the shape of the ground electrode in the conventional spark plug.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug that can more effectively prevent or suppress breakage of a ground electrode in a high-power engine application for racing.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a spark plug according to the present invention includes a center electrode, an insulator provided outside the center electrode, an outside of the insulator, and a mounting screw portion for an internal combustion engine. A metal shell formed on the surface, and a ground electrode that is disposed so that one end side is coupled to the metal shell and the other end side faces the tip of the center electrode to form a spark discharge gap with the center electrode, The features thereof are configured as follows (hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 for convenience of understanding, but the present invention is limited to the form of the spark plug disclosed in the drawings. Of course not.)
[0007]
That is, in FIG. 1, in the orthographic projection image (FIG. 1B) onto the first projection plane P orthogonal to the central axis O of the mounting screw portion 6, the ground electrode 4 is linear in the radial direction with respect to the central axis O. Has a stretched outer shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, when considering the second projection plane Q parallel to both the central axis O and the extending direction L of the orthogonal projection image of the ground electrode 4 on the projection plane P, As shown in FIG. 2, the side surface (first side surface) J on the side close to the spark discharge gap g of the ground electrode 4 is in the orthographic projection image on the second projection surface Q. It has a form extending linearly from the end A toward the front end B in a direction approaching the central axis O from at least the middle section thereof. And the ground electrode 4 which makes this form was comprised with the Pt alloy whose Ir content is 22-40 mass%, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. In the present invention, the Pt alloy means an alloy in which the highest content component is Pt.
[0008]
In the above configuration, the ground electrode is linearly extended from the joining side with the metal shell so as to approach the central axis in the same manner as the conventional spark plug for racing, and the bending moment when applying vibration is reduced. . On the premise of this, the material of the ground electrode 4 is made of a Pt alloy containing Ir in the above composition range in particular, so that the high temperature strength of the ground electrode can be remarkably increased, and as a result, a higher output racing engine. Even when applied to the above, problems such as breakage can be effectively prevented or suppressed.
[0009]
When the Ir content in the Pt alloy constituting the ground electrode is 22% by mass or less, the high-temperature strength is impaired, and a remarkable improvement in breakage prevention effect cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the Ir content exceeds 40% by mass, the alloy will have a high melting point, and when the ground electrode is welded to the metal shell, it is likely to be insufficiently melted, leading to a decrease in bonding strength. The Ir content is more preferably 25 to 35% by mass. In addition, from the viewpoint of ensuring the high temperature corrosion resistance of the electrode, the content of Pt is 50% by mass or more, preferably 60% by mass or more. On the other hand, the Pt alloy may contain metal elements other than Ir, such as Rh, Ru, Os, Re, and W, as long as the high temperature strength of the ground electrode is not impaired.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A spark plug 1 as an example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B is provided with a cylindrical metal shell 5, an insulator 3 fitted inside the metal shell 5, and an inner side of the insulator 3. The center electrode 2 is connected to the metal shell 5 at one end and the ground electrode 4 is disposed so that the other end faces the tip of the center electrode 2 and forms a spark discharge gap g between the center electrode 2 and the like. ing.
[0011]
The insulator 3 is made of a ceramic sintered body such as alumina or aluminum nitride, for example, and as shown in FIG. 1 (c), a hole for fitting the central electrode 2 along its own axial direction as shown in FIG. It has a part (through hole) 3d. The metal shell 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a metal such as low carbon steel, and constitutes a housing of the spark plug 1, and on its outer peripheral surface, as shown in FIG. A threaded portion 6 for attaching 1 to a cylinder head (not shown) is formed.
[0012]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), a terminal fitting 13 is inserted / fixed in one end side of the hole 3d of the insulator 3, and the center electrode 2 is also inserted in the other end side.・ It is fixed. A resistor 15 is disposed between the terminal fitting 13 and the center electrode 2 in the through hole 3d. Both end portions of the resistor 15 are electrically connected to the center electrode 2 and the terminal fitting 13 through the conductive glass seal layers 16 and 17, respectively. Further, the center electrode 2 is formed of a Ni alloy as a base material constituting the surface layer portion of the electrode, and if necessary, a heat dissipation promotion core material (not shown) such as Cu or Embedded with Cu alloy). In addition, a noble metal ignition part 32 made of an Ir alloy or a Pt alloy is welded and joined to a tip position facing the spark discharge gap g.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1B, in the orthographic projection image onto the first projection plane P perpendicular to the central axis O of the mounting screw portion 6, the ground electrode 4 extends linearly in the radial direction with respect to the central axis O. The outer shape is as follows. As shown in FIG. 2, when considering the second projection plane Q parallel to both the central axis O and the extending direction L of the orthogonal projection image of the ground electrode 4 on the projection plane P, the ground electrode 4 is considered. The side surface (first side surface) J close to the spark discharge gap g is at least in the orthographic projection image on the second projection surface Q from the end A on the joint side with the metal shell 5 toward the front end B. It has a form extending linearly in a direction approaching the central axis O up to an intermediate section. The entire ground electrode 4 is made of a Pt alloy having an Ir content of 22 to 40% by mass.
[0014]
Specifically, the ground electrode 4 is formed by joining one end of a rod-shaped material made of the above alloy by a welded portion W. This welding is performed by a known resistance welding method. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the front end portion (or noble metal ignition portion 32) of the center electrode 2 is disposed so as to protrude from the front end surface of the metal shell 1 in order to improve ignitability. Accordingly, the ground electrode 4 linearly extends over the entire section in a direction in which the first side face J approaches the central axis O in an inclined manner from the end A on the joint side with the metal shell 5 toward the tip B. A spark discharge gap g is formed between the projecting end surface of the center electrode 2 and the projecting shape. A spark plug having such a ground electrode configuration is generally referred to as a slant electrode type. In order to join the ground electrode 4 to the inclined shape in this way, as shown in FIG. 2, the front end surface 5t of the metal shell 5 is formed in a conical shape protruding from the inner peripheral side, and a prismatic shape ( For example, welding may be performed in such a manner that side base end portions of rod-shaped materials having a square or rectangular axial section are overlapped.
[0015]
In the case of the above form, the ignitability is greatly improved, but the gap length increases as the first side surface J forming the spark discharge gap g gets away from the tip surface of the center electrode 2 as it approaches the electrode tip. Sparks tend to occur on the side where the gap interval becomes shorter. When this becomes a problem, as shown in FIG. 9, the entire length of the ground electrode 4 is slightly longer, but a parallel surface portion J ′ that faces the tip surface of the center electrode 2 in parallel may be formed. In this embodiment, the first side surface J extends linearly from the end A on the joining side with the metal shell 5 toward the tip B in a direction approaching the center axis O.
[0016]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the distal end portion (or noble metal firing portion 32) of the center electrode 2 is positioned by retracting a predetermined distance from the distal end surface of the metal shell 5, and the ground electrode 4 is substantially orthogonal to the central axis O. It can also be arranged in a non-inclined direction. In the case of this configuration, the entire length of the ground electrode 4 can be shortened by the amount that the ground electrode 4 does not tilt, and the breakage resistance can be further enhanced. Further, since the first side face J of the ground electrode 4 can be opposed to the tip face of the center electrode 2 in parallel, uneven wear is less likely to occur and the life of the electrode can be extended. it can. A spark plug having such a ground electrode configuration is generally referred to as a side electrode type.
[0017]
The ground electrode 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be formed using a rod-shaped material having a uniform rectangular cross section, for example, a prismatic material. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the ground electrode 4 has the side surface far from the spark discharge gap g as the second side surface K, and the tip of the rod-shaped material is partially cut out on the second side surface K side. By forming the notches 4a, 4b, and 4c, it can be configured to have a form in which the volume is reduced at the tip. The bending moment received by the ground electrode 4 when vibration is applied is concentrated in a position where the distance from the restraint end (that is, the joint end to the metal shell 1) is long in the longitudinal mass distribution of the ground electrode 4. And get bigger. Therefore, if the notches 4a, 4b, 4c as described above are formed at the electrode tip having a long distance from the joint end, the bending moment received by the ground electrode 4 can be reduced even when the same level of vibration is applied. And as a result, breakage resistance can be improved.
[0018]
4 to 6 are examples in which notches 4a, 4b, and 4c are formed in the slant electrode type of FIG. In FIG. 4, a planar notch 4 a that continuously decreases the thickness of the ground electrode 4 in the longitudinal direction is formed toward the tip of the second side face K. A stepped notch 4a that reduces the thickness of the ground electrode 4 stepwise may be formed. In FIG. 5, a cutout portion 4 b is formed at the distal end portion of the ground electrode 4 to form a thin portion having a uniform thickness that is thinner than the proximal end side. Further, in FIG. 6, at the front end portion of the ground electrode 4, inclined side cutouts 4 c are formed on both sides in the width direction so that the both side portions in the width direction are thinner than the center portion. . FIGS. 7 and 8 are examples in which notches 4a and 4b similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 are formed in the side electrode type of FIG.
[0019]
If the formation length of the notch is excessively large, the section to be thinned becomes too long, and the effect of improving the breakage resistance may be lost and damaged. From this point of view, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, the notches 4a and 4b may be formed so as to fit in a section L from the tip of the ground electrode 4 to 2 mm in the longitudinal direction. desirable.
[0020]
4, 5, 7, or 8, the metal shell 5 has a cylindrical surface 5 e on the inner peripheral surface at the portion where the mounting screw portion 6 is formed. Here, the cylindrical surface 5e is extended to the side where the spark discharge gap g is present, and the volume of the portion protruding from the extended surface 5e of the ground electrode 4 (hereinafter referred to as an electrode protruding portion) is V, a notch When the volume reduced from the rod-shaped material by forming 4a and 4b is V ′, the value of V ′ / (V + V ′) is 0.05 or more and 0.3 or less .
[0021]
For example, in the non-formation section of the notches 4a and 4b, when the electrode protrusion is formed in a straight column shape, the electrode cross section has the same axial cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the straight column shape portion, and the electrode protrusion If the volume of the rectangular column having the same length is obtained as V0, V 'can be calculated as a difference V0-V between V0 and V by obtaining the actual volume V of the electrode protrusion. The value of each volume parameter can be calculated from the three-dimensional shape profile of the electrode protrusion measured using a known three-dimensional shape measuring instrument.
[0022]
【Example】
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the following experiment was conducted.
As a test product of the spark plug shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nominal size of the mounting screw portion 6 is M14, the projecting dimension of the central electrode 2 from the metal shell 5 is 0.3 mm, and the interval of the spark discharge gap g (minimum position) ) Was 0.6 mm, the cross-sectional shape of the ground electrode 4 was a square of 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm, and various electrode projection lengths of 3.9 mm were produced. The materials used for the ground electrode 4 are Pt-Ir binary alloys having various compositions shown in Table 1, all of which are hot-drawn wires as materials, and are welded to the metal shell 5 by resistance welding. Joined. For the test product of No. 5, the notch 4a having the form shown in FIG. 4 has a length of 1 mm in the longitudinal direction from the tip of the ground electrode 4, and the value of V ′ / (V + V ′) is 0. 0.064 (corresponding to the value obtained when the thickness of the ground electrode 4 is reduced by ¼ at the notch 4a).
[0023]
Each of the spark plugs described above was attached to a vibrator, the vibration speed of the ground electrode was measured with a laser Doppler vibrometer while sweeping the vibration frequency, and the resonance frequency was determined by frequency analysis of the vibration speed. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004623880
[0025]
According to this, by using a Pt alloy having an Ir content of 22% by mass or more as the material of the ground electrode 4, the resonance frequency is remarkably increased, and an advantageous result is obtained in improving the breakage resistance. You can see that
[0026]
Next, similar spark plug test products were prepared using Pt—Ir binary alloys having various compositions shown in Table 2, and as shown in FIG. 10, the ground electrode 4 was bent and bent from the tip side. It was visually confirmed whether or not peeling occurred in the weld W. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0027]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004623880
[0028]
According to this, it can be seen that the use of a Pt alloy having an Ir content of 40% by mass or less as the material of the ground electrode 4 does not cause peeling at the weld W and increases the bonding strength.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view, a bottom view, and a partial longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a spark plug of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a half sectional view showing an enlarged main part of the spark plug of FIG. 1;
3 is an enlarged half-sectional view showing a main part of a first modification of the spark plug of FIG. 1;
4 is a half cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of a second modification of the spark plug of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a half sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, main portions of a third modified example of the spark plug of FIG.
6 is an enlarged half-sectional view showing a main part of a fourth modification of the spark plug of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a half sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, main portions of a fifth modification of the spark plug shown in FIG.
8 is a half cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of a sixth modification of the spark plug of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a half sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, main portions of a seventh modification of the spark plug shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a test method for confirming the bonding strength of the ground electrode.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spark plug 2 Center electrode 3 Insulator 4 Ground electrode 4a, 4b, 4c Notch part 5 Metal shell O Center axis 6 Mounting screw part g Spark discharge gap P First projection surface L Extending direction Q Second projection surface J First side surface K second side

Claims (4)

中心電極(2)と、その中心電極(2)の外側に設けられた絶縁体(3)と、前記絶縁体(3)の外側に設けられるとともに内燃機関への取付ねじ部(6)が外周面に形成された主体金具(5)と、一端側が前記主体金具(5)に結合され、他端側が前記中心電極(2)の先端と対向するように配置されて前記中心電極(2)との間に火花放電ギャップ(g)を形成する接地電極(4)とを備え、
前記取付ねじ部(6)の中心軸線(O)と直交する第一投影面(P)への正射投影像において、該接地電極(4)は前記中心軸線(O)に関する半径方向に直線的に延伸した外形形態を有し、
前記中心軸線(O)と、前記投影面(P)上における前記接地電極(4)の正射投影像の延伸方向(L)とのいずれとも平行な第二投影面(Q)を考えたとき、前記接地電極(4)の前記火花放電ギャップ(g)に近い側の側面(以下、第一側面という)(J)が、該第二投影面(Q)への正射投影像において、前記主体金具(5)との接合側の端(A)から先端(B)に向けて、少なくともその途中区間まで、前記中心軸線(O)に近づく向きに直線的に延びる形態を有してなり、
かつ、前記接地電極(4)が、Ir含有量が22〜40質量%であるPt合金にて構成されたことを特徴とするレース用スパークプラグ(1)。
A center electrode (2), an insulator (3) provided outside the center electrode (2), and a screw (6) attached to the internal combustion engine provided outside the insulator (3) A metal shell (5) formed on the surface, one end side of the metal shell (5) is coupled to the metal shell (5), and the other end side is arranged to face the tip of the center electrode (2). And a ground electrode (4) forming a spark discharge gap (g) between,
In the orthographic projection image onto the first projection plane (P) orthogonal to the central axis (O) of the mounting screw portion (6), the ground electrode (4) is linear in the radial direction with respect to the central axis (O). Has an outer shape extended to
When a second projection plane (Q) parallel to both the central axis (O) and the extending direction (L) of the orthographic projection image of the ground electrode (4) on the projection plane (P) is considered. The side surface (hereinafter referred to as the first side surface) (J) of the ground electrode (4) close to the spark discharge gap (g) is an orthographic projection image on the second projection surface (Q). From the end (A) on the joining side with the metal shell (5) to the tip (B), it has a form extending linearly in a direction approaching the central axis (O) at least to the middle section thereof,
The race spark plug (1) is characterized in that the ground electrode (4) is made of a Pt alloy having an Ir content of 22 to 40% by mass.
前記接地電極(4)が、Ir含有量が25〜35質量%であるPt合金にて構成されてなる請求項1記載のレース用スパークプラグ(1)。The race spark plug (1) according to claim 1, wherein the ground electrode (4) is made of a Pt alloy having an Ir content of 25 to 35 mass%. 前記接地電極(4)は、一様な矩形断面を有する棒状素材に基づいて形成されたものであり、前記火花放電ギャップ(g)から遠い側の側面を第二側面(K)として、前記棒状素材の先端部を前記第二側面(K)側において一部切り欠く切欠部(4a,4b,4c)を形成することにより、該先端部にて体積が減じられた形態を有する請求項1又は2に記載のレース用スパークプラグ。The ground electrode (4) is formed based on a rod-shaped material having a uniform rectangular cross section, and the side surface far from the spark discharge gap (g) is defined as the second side surface (K). 2. The shape according to claim 1, wherein the volume is reduced at the tip by forming notches (4 a, 4 b, 4 c) in which the tip of the material is partially cut out on the second side surface (K) side. 2. A spark plug for racing according to 2. 前記切欠部(4a,4b,4c)は、前記接地電極(4)の先端から長手方向に2mmまでの区間(L)内に収まるように形成されてなり、
また、前記主体金具(5)は、前記取付ねじ部(6)の形成部分にて内周面が円筒状面(5e)とされてなり、
該円筒状面(5e)を前記火花放電ギャップ(g)の存在側に延長し、前記接地電極(4)の該延長面(5e)よりも内側に突出する部分の体積をV、前記切欠部(4a,4b,4c)の形成により前記棒状素材から減じられる体積をV’としたとき、V’/(V+V’)の値が0.05以上0.3以下とされている請求項3記載のレース用スパークプラグ。
The notches (4a, 4b, 4c) are formed so as to be within a section (L) from the tip of the ground electrode (4) to 2 mm in the longitudinal direction,
The metal shell (5) has a cylindrical surface (5e) at the inner peripheral surface at the portion where the mounting screw portion (6) is formed.
The cylindrical surface (5e) is extended to the side where the spark discharge gap (g) is present, and the volume of the portion of the ground electrode (4) protruding inward from the extended surface (5e) is V, the notch The value of V '/ (V + V') is 0.05 or more and 0.3 or less, where V 'is a volume reduced from the rod-shaped material by forming (4a, 4b, 4c). Spark plug for racing .
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5949180A (en) * 1982-09-15 1984-03-21 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug for high pressure compression internal combustionengine
JPS6243090A (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-02-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine
JPH0237485U (en) * 1988-09-05 1990-03-12
JPH04104491A (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-04-06 Nippondenso Co Ltd Spark plug for internal-combustion engine, and manufacture thereof
JPH05159856A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-25 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Spark plug

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5949180A (en) * 1982-09-15 1984-03-21 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug for high pressure compression internal combustionengine
JPS6243090A (en) * 1985-08-19 1987-02-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine
JPH0237485U (en) * 1988-09-05 1990-03-12
JPH04104491A (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-04-06 Nippondenso Co Ltd Spark plug for internal-combustion engine, and manufacture thereof
JPH05159856A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-25 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Spark plug

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