JP4616238B2 - Equal storage / discharge circuit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an equal storage / discharge circuit and an equal storage / discharge system that suppress a deviation in stored voltage between power storage units by transferring charge energy between a plurality of power storage units.

  An electric double layer capacitor is considered promising as a power storage means in an electric vehicle, an uninterruptible power supply, a storage device of a power generation facility, etc. (Patent Documents 1 to 3). On the other hand, a large-capacity electric double layer capacitor is difficult to store at a high voltage. For this reason, in order to use a large-capacity electric double layer capacitor at a high voltage, it is necessary to connect a plurality of electric double layer capacitors in series.

  When electricity is stored in the electric double layer capacitors connected in series, each electric double layer capacitor is charged with the same charge. On the other hand, there is a deviation in the capacitance of each electric double layer capacitor. For this reason, a deviation occurs in the stored voltage between the electric double layer capacitors connected in series.

  Such a deviation in the storage voltage between the electric double layer capacitors may cause the electric double layer capacitor having a relatively small capacity to be stored at a voltage higher than the withstand voltage, causing deterioration or failure of the electric double layer capacitor. . For this reason, in Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above, a configuration is proposed in which charge energy is transferred between capacitors so as to suppress a deviation in stored voltage between capacitors.

JP 2000-308271 A JP 2001-177987 A JP 2004-129455 A

  Generally, in an equal storage / discharge circuit, a voltage is supplied to a load from an output terminal connected in parallel to an electric double layer capacitor group in which a plurality of capacitors are connected in series. It is also conceivable to add a uniform storage / discharge circuit in order to apply a higher voltage to the load. For example, a configuration in which an electric double layer capacitor group included in each of a plurality of equal storage / discharge circuits is connected in series and a voltage at both ends of the capacitor group is supplied to a load is also conceivable.

  However, in the configurations described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, if the electric double layer capacitor groups are connected in series as described above, there is a deviation in the capacitance of each electric double layer capacitor group. Deviations in stored voltage occur between groups. Further, in the configuration described in Patent Document 3 (for example, FIG. 8), the energy transfer capability is not sufficient, and it takes time to suppress the voltage deviation between the capacitor groups.

  An object of the present invention is to realize an equal storage / discharge circuit that rapidly suppresses a voltage deviation between capacitor groups when capacitor groups included in each of a plurality of equal storage / discharge circuits are connected in series.

According to the present invention, the N power storage means (N is an integer of 2 or more) connected in series and the N first windings magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other, whereby the N a first energy transfer circuit having a plurality first switch connected in parallel separately and simultaneously to the N storage means the first winding of the individual, against the opposite ends of the series-connected energy storage means group And when the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, the stored energy is transferred between the power storage units. a uniform electricity storing and discharging circuit for suppressing the deviation stored voltage between the power storage means, said second winding and said second winding connected in series with a first switch that is magnetically coupled to the first winding And a second switch controlled to be switched in synchronization with the second switch And energy transfer circuit, and a extension terminal which is connected to a path leading to each end of the series connection according to the second winding and said second switch, said additional terminal, said uniform electricity storing and discharging circuit An external power storage means provided separately, wherein the power storage means group is electrically or magnetically connected to an external power storage means connected in series to one end of the power storage means group via an output terminal .

In addition, the present invention is configured such that N power storage means connected in series (N is an integer of 2 or more) and N first windings magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other. A first energy transfer circuit having a plurality of first switches for connecting the N first windings individually and simultaneously in parallel to the N power storage means, and both ends of the power storage means group connected in series And when the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, the stored energy is transferred between the power storage units. inhibit uniform electricity storing and discharging circuit the deviation storage voltage between the power storage unit, the M number (M is an integer of 2 or more), the each Yusuke that charge reservoir means group of said M equal electricity storing and discharging circuit One of the output terminals of the previous stage is connected to one of the output terminals of the next stage. A uniform electricity storing and discharging system so that series, each equally electricity storing and discharging circuit, said first winding magnetically coupled second winding and the second winding connected in series with the first A second energy transfer circuit having a second switch that is controlled in synchronization with the switch, and connected to a path that leads to each end of a series connection by the second winding and the second switch; An equalization storage / discharge system, wherein the L-1th (L is an integer not less than 2 and equal to or less than M) equalization / discharge circuit expansion terminal, an Lth equal accumulation / discharge circuit output terminal, Are connected in parallel .

In addition, the present invention is configured such that N power storage means connected in series (N is an integer of 2 or more) and N first windings magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other. A first energy transfer circuit having a plurality of first switches for connecting the N first windings individually and simultaneously in parallel to the N power storage means, and both ends of the power storage means group connected in series And when the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, the stored energy is transferred between the power storage units. inhibit uniform electricity storing and discharging circuit the deviation storage voltage between the power storage unit, the M number (M is an integer of 2 or more), the each Yusuke that charge reservoir means group of said M equal electricity storing and discharging circuit One of the output terminals of the previous stage is connected to one of the output terminals of the next stage. A uniform electricity storing and discharging system so that series, each equally electricity storing and discharging circuit, said first winding magnetically coupled second winding and the second winding connected in series with the first A second energy transfer circuit having a second switch that is controlled in synchronization with the switch, and connected to a path that leads to each end of a series connection by the second winding and the second switch; The equal storage and discharge system is characterized in that the expansion terminals of all the equal storage and discharge circuits are connected in parallel .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when the capacitor group which each of several equal storage / discharge circuit has connected in series, the equal storage / discharge circuit which suppresses the voltage deviation between capacitor groups rapidly is realizable.

  Hereinafter, first to third embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The equal storage / discharge circuit described in the present embodiment uses an electric double layer capacitor as the power storage means, but is another power storage means such as a lead storage battery, a lithium secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, etc. Alternatively, a configuration in which they are mixed may be used.

“First Embodiment”
First, the configuration and operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The equal storage / discharge circuit 1a shown in FIG. 1 has electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a connected in series. The number of electric double layer capacitors may be any number as long as it is an integer of 2 or more.

  Output terminals T11a and T12a are connected in parallel to the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a. The electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a are connected in series with electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a which will be described later.

  As will be described later, in the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment, each of the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a and the electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a are transferred to each other to transfer the electric power. A voltage averaging process is performed between the double layer capacitors C11a to C22a.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1a shown in FIG. 1 has an energy transfer circuit (first energy transfer circuit) having windings L11a and L12a having substantially the same number of turns and switches SW11a and SW12a. Windings L11a and L12a are magnetically coupled to each other. Further, as will be described later, the windings L11a and L12a are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel to the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a by switching control of the switches SW11a and SW12a.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1a has an energy transfer circuit (second energy transfer circuit) in which the winding Lc1a and the switch SW1a are connected in series. The winding Lc1a is magnetically coupled to the windings L11a and L12a described above.

  The winding Lc1a includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L11a (or L12a) (or the reciprocal of the capacity) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc1a (or the reciprocal of the capacity). It is wound with the number of turns according to the ratio. This ratio will be described together with a later-described winding Lc2a.

  Further, as will be described later, the switch SW1a is subjected to switching control in synchronization with the switches SW11a and SW12a. Further, extension terminals Tc11a and Tc12a are connected to both ends of the second energy transfer circuit described above.

  Moreover, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a shown in FIG. 1 has the same configuration as the above-described equal storage / discharge circuit 1a. That is, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a shown in FIG. 1 has electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a connected in series. Output terminals T21a and T22a are connected to both ends of the group of electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a connected in series.

  The electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a are connected in series with the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a. That is, the output terminal T21a and the output terminal T12a are connected. In this way, the electric double layer capacitors C11a to C22a group supply a voltage to the load via the output terminals T11a and T22a.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 2a has an energy transfer circuit (first energy transfer circuit) having windings L21a and L22a having substantially the same number of turns and switches SW21a and SW22a. Windings L21a and L22a are magnetically coupled to each other. Further, as will be described later, the windings L21a and L22a are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel to the electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a by switching control of the switches SW21a and SW22a. Further, extension terminals Tc21a and Tc22a are connected to both ends of the second energy transfer circuit.

  The extension terminals Tc21a and Tc22a are connected in parallel to the output terminals T11a and T12a of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1a (that is, the extension terminal Tc21a and the output terminal T11a are connected, and the extension terminal Tc22a and the output terminal T12a are connected). Have been).

  The winding Lc2a includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21a (or L22a) (or the reciprocal of the capacity) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2a (or the reciprocal of the capacity). It is wound with the number of turns according to the ratio.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21a is one (C21a), and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2a is two (C11a and C12a). It is. For this reason, the winding Lc2a is wound at twice the number of turns with respect to the winding L21a (assuming that the electric double layer capacitors C11a to C22a have substantially the same capacity). Similarly, the above-described winding Lc1a is wound with twice the number of turns with respect to the winding L11a.

  As will be described later, the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a according to the present embodiment are connected between the electric double layer capacitors C11a to C22a by energy transfer through the extension terminals Tc21a and Tc22a and the output terminals T11a and T12a. Suppresses voltage deviation.

  Next, the operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a shown in FIG. 1 will be described. When the DC voltage Vcc is applied across the electric double layer capacitors C11a to C22a connected in series, each capacitor is charged with a voltage corresponding to its capacity. As described above, the electric double layer capacitors C11a to C22a have deviations in their capacities, and deviations also occur in the voltages stored in each.

  The equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a operate so as to suppress the deviation of the stored voltage as follows. First, the operation of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1a will be described. As described above, the switches SW11a and SW12a are switched in synchronization.

  Here, when the switches SW11a and SW12a are simultaneously turned on, a voltage corresponding to the ratio of the number of turns is induced in the windings L11a and L12a.

  As described above, since the windings L11a and L12a are wound in the same number, the windings L11a and L12a have the same voltage (the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a) (assuming there is no magnetic leakage). A voltage obtained by averaging the voltages at both ends is induced. At this time, if there is a potential difference between the voltage induced in the windings L11a and L12a and the voltage across the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a, charge energy is transferred.

  For example, the electric double layer capacitor (for example, C11a) having the higher voltage is discharged, and the electric energy stored by the electric double layer capacitor (C12a) having the lower voltage is stored. By such charge energy transfer, a voltage averaging process between the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a is performed.

  Further, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a performs the same operation, whereby the voltage averaging process between the electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a is performed. That is, when the switches SW21a and SW22a of the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a are synchronously controlled, charge energy is transferred between the electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a via the windings L21a and L22a. A voltage averaging process is performed.

  Next, the voltage averaging process between the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a and the electric double layer capacitors C21a and C22a will be described. As described above, the winding Lc2a and the windings L21a and L22a are magnetically coupled. Further, the switch SW2a and the switches SW21a and SW22a are switching-controlled synchronously. For this reason, a voltage according to the ratio of the number of turns is induced in the winding Lc2a and the windings L21a and L22a.

  Since the winding Lc2a is wound at twice the number of turns as compared with the winding L21a (or L22a), both ends of the winding Lc2a and both ends of the windings L21a and L22a (assuming there is no magnetic leakage) And the same voltage is induced. The voltage deviation between the electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a and C21a and C22a is suppressed through the energy transfer by the induced voltage.

  In the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a shown in the present embodiment, the winding Lc2a is connected to a plurality (two) of electric double layer capacitors C11a and C12a, and the number of electric double layer capacitors to be connected is set. Since it is wound with a suitable number of turns, the energy transfer efficiency is higher than in the conventional method, and the voltage averaging process can be performed rapidly.

  In addition, although the half-cycle operation | movement was demonstrated in the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on this embodiment, it is applicable also to the equal storage / discharge circuit of a full cycle (push pull) operation | movement as shown in FIG. The equal storage / discharge circuit 1a-2 shown in FIG. 2 includes two energy transfer circuits (first energy transfer circuits) described above in each of the electric double layer capacitors C11a-2 and C12a-2, and each winding. It is the composition which shared.

  That is, the electric double layer capacitor C11a-2 is connected to a circuit having the winding L11a-2 and the switch SW11a1-2 and a circuit having the winding L12a-2 and the switch SW11a2-2. The electric double layer capacitor C12a-2 is connected to a circuit having the winding L12a-2 and the switch SW12a1-2 and a circuit having the winding L11a-2 and the switch SW12a2-2. Each circuit shares the windings L11a-2 and L12a-2.

  Similarly, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a-2 includes two of the above-described circuits in each of the electric double layer capacitors C21a-2 and C22a-2, and shares each winding.

  Next, the operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a-2 and 2a-2 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The equal storage / discharge circuit 1a-2 shown in FIG. 2 is configured such that the switches SW11a1-2 and SW12a1-2 and the switches SW11a2-2 and SW12a2-2 are alternately controlled to switch the electric double layer capacitor C11a-2. And energy transfer between C12a-2 and voltage averaging.

  At this time, when the switches SW11a1-2 and SW12a1-2 are turned on and when the switches SW11a2-2 and SW12a2-2 are turned on, the electric double layer capacitors C11a-2 and C12a-2 are in both periods. Energy transfer takes place between them. Therefore, the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a-2 and 2a-2 shown in FIG. 2 can perform voltage averaging more rapidly than the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a shown in FIG.

  Similarly, in the equal storage / discharge circuit 2a-2, the switches SW21a1-2 and SW21a2-2 and the switches SW22a1-2 and SW22a2-2 are alternately controlled to perform voltage averaging rapidly. be able to.

  Furthermore, when adding an electric double layer capacitor, as shown in FIG. 3, two similar equal storage / discharge circuits can be prepared and added by the same method. The number of equal storage / discharge circuits may be any number as long as it is two or more. At this time, the extension terminals Tc11a-3 and Tc12a-3 of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1a-3 may be connected to the output terminals TN1a-3 and TN2a-3. As described above, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment is the average of the voltages of all the electric double layer capacitors C11a-3 to CN2a-3 even if the number is increased by an arbitrary N (N is a positive integer). Processing can be performed.

  Further, when adding an equal storage / discharge circuit, as shown in FIG. 4, each of the extension terminals Tc11a-4 to TcN1a-4 and Tc12a-4 to TcN2a-4 is connected in parallel, and any electric double layer capacitor is connected. You may connect in parallel to a group (for example, C21a-4 and C22a-4). Thereby, the switching control of the switch of the second energy transfer circuit between the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a-4 to Na-4 may be asynchronous, and a configuration in which the restrictions at the time of addition can be further reduced can be achieved. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an external electric double layer capacitor C5 may be connected in parallel.

  As described above, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment rapidly suppresses the voltage deviation between the capacitor groups when the capacitor groups included in each of the plurality of equal storage / discharge circuits are connected in series. Can be realized.

“Second Embodiment”
Next, the configuration and operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1b and 2b according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The equal storage / discharge circuit shown in FIG. 6 is similar to the equal storage / discharge circuits 1a and 2a according to the first embodiment, by transferring energy between the electrical double layer capacitor groups connected to each other. Averaging processing of the storage voltage between groups is performed.

  In the equal storage / discharge circuits 1b and 2b shown in FIG. 6, when the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to each is an odd number of 3 or more, the storage voltage averaging process between the capacitors can be performed rapidly. it can. This will be described in detail below.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1b shown in FIG. 6 has electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b connected in series. The number of electric double layer capacitors connected in series may be any number as long as it is an odd number of 3 or more. Both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b connected in series are connected in parallel to the output terminals T11b and T12b.

  The windings L11b to L13b are wound with substantially the same number of turns and connected in series. Taps T11, T12, T13, and T14 are provided at both ends of each of the series-connected windings L11b to L13b and each common connection portion.

  The windings L11b to L13b are connected in parallel to the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b via the switches SW11b to SW14b connected to these taps T11 to T14, so that the charge energy between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b is reduced. Contributes to transport. The number of windings L11b to L13b may be the same as that of the electric double layer capacitor described above (that is, an odd number of 3 or more).

  The switches SW11b, SW12b, SW13b, and SW14b include common terminals 11C, 12C, 13C, and 14C, and first switching terminals 111, 121, 131, and 141 that are selectively connected to the common terminals. , Second switching terminals 112, 122, 132, 142.

  Switching control of these switches SW11b to SW14b is performed in synchronization as will be described later. The common terminals 11C, 12C, 13C, and 14C are connected to both ends of the series-connected electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b and a common connection portion between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b.

  The first switching terminals 111, 121, 131, 141 are connected to the above-described taps T11, T12, T13, T14 via the storage / discharge paths (the first switching terminals 111, 121, 131, 141). And the storage / discharge path connecting the taps T11, T12, T13, and T14 are referred to as “first storage / discharge path”).

  With this first storage / discharge path, the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b are connected in parallel to the windings L11b to L13b via the common terminals 11C to 14C and the first switching terminals 111 to 141, respectively.

  Further, the second switching terminals 112, 122, 132, 142 are connected to the above-described taps T14, T13, T12, T11 via the storage / discharge paths (second switching terminals 112, 122, 132, 142). And a storage / discharge path connecting the taps T14, T13, T12, and T11 is referred to as a “second storage / discharge path”).

  By this second storage / discharge path, the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b are connected in parallel to the windings L13b to L11b via the common terminals 11C to 14C and the second switching terminals 112 to 142, respectively. With the above configuration, the storage voltage averaging process between capacitors can be performed rapidly.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1b has an energy transfer circuit (second energy transfer circuit) in which the winding Lc1b and the switches SW1c and SW2c are connected. The winding Lc1b is magnetically coupled to the windings L11b to L13b described above.

  The winding Lc1b includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L11b (or L12b, L13b) (or the reciprocal of the capacitance) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc1b (or the reciprocal of the capacitance). ) And the number of turns according to the ratio. This ratio will be described together with a winding Lc2b described later.

  Further, as will be described later, the switches SW1c and SW2c are subjected to switching control in synchronization with the switches SW11b to SW14b. Furthermore, extension terminals Tc11b and Tc12b are connected to both ends of the second energy transfer circuit described above.

  Moreover, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2b shown in FIG. 6 has the same configuration as the above-described equal storage / discharge circuit 1b. That is, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2b shown in FIG. 6 has electric double layer capacitors C21b to C23b connected in series. Output terminals T21b and T22b are connected to both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C21b to C23b connected in series.

  The group of electric double layer capacitors C21b to C23b connected in series is connected in series with the group of electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b described above. That is, the output terminal T21b and the output terminal T12b are connected. The electric double layer capacitors C11b to C23b connected in series in this way supply voltage to the load via the output terminals T11b and T22b.

  The extension terminals Tc21b and Tc22b are connected in parallel to the output terminals T11b and T12b of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1b (that is, the extension terminal Tc21b and the output terminal T11b are connected, and the extension terminal Tc22b and the output terminal T12b are connected). ing).

  As will be described later, the equal storage / discharge circuits 1b and 2b according to the present embodiment are connected between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C23b by energy transfer via the additional terminals Tc21b and Tc22b and the output terminals T11b and T12b. Suppresses voltage deviation.

  The winding Lc2b includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21b (or L22b, L23b) (or the reciprocal of the capacitance) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2b (or the reciprocal of the capacitance). ) And the number of turns according to the ratio.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21b is one (C21b), and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2b is three (C11b to C13b). It is. For this reason, the winding Lc2b is wound with the number of turns three times that of the winding L21b (assuming that the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C23b have substantially the same capacity). Similarly, the above-described winding Lc1b is wound with a winding number three times that of the winding L11b.

  Next, the operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1b and 2b shown in FIG. 6 will be described. When a DC voltage Vcc is applied across the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C23b connected in series, each capacitor is charged with a voltage corresponding to its capacity. As described above, the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C23b have deviations in their capacities, and deviations also occur in the voltages stored in each. The equal storage / discharge circuit 1b according to the present embodiment operates to suppress the deviation of these stored voltage as follows.

  First, when each of the switches SW11b to SW14b is switched to the first switching terminals 111 to 141, the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b are connected to the common terminals 11C to 14C and the first switching terminals 111 to 141, respectively. The coils L11b to L13b are connected in parallel (the voltage applied to each of the taps T11 to T14 drops in the order of T11, T12, T13, and T14). At this time, a voltage according to the ratio of the number of turns is induced in the windings L11b to L13b.

  As described above, since the windings L11b to L13b are wound in the same number, assuming that there is no magnetic leakage, the windings L11b to L13b have the same voltage (the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b). A voltage obtained by averaging the voltages at both ends is induced. At this time, if there is a potential difference between the voltage induced in the windings L11b to L13b and the voltage across the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b, charge energy is transferred.

  For example, the electric double layer capacitor (for example, C11b) having the higher voltage is discharged, and the electric energy stored by the electric double layer capacitor (C12b or C13b) having the lower voltage is stored. By such charge energy transfer, the voltage averaging process between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b is performed.

  Next, when each of the switches SW11b to SW14b is switched to the second switching terminals 112 to 142, the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b are connected to the common terminals 11C to 14C and the second switching terminals 112 to 142, respectively. Thus, the coils L13b to L11b are connected in parallel (and the voltages applied to the taps T11 to T14 drop in the order of T14, T13, T12, and T11).

  In the same manner as described above, the same voltage (voltage obtained by averaging the voltages at both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b) is induced in each of the windings L11b to L13b. In the same manner as described above, charge energy is transferred between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b, and the deviation of the stored voltage between the capacitors is suppressed.

  Further, the storage voltage of the electric double layer capacitors C21b to C23b is averaged by the same operation for the equal storage / discharge circuit 2b shown in FIG.

  Next, the voltage averaging process between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b and the electric double layer capacitors C21b to C23b will be described. As described above, the winding Lc2b and the windings L21b to L23b are magnetically coupled. In addition, the switches SW3c and SW4c and the switches SW21b to SW24b are controlled in synchronization. Therefore, a voltage corresponding to the ratio of the number of turns is induced in each of the winding Lc2b and the windings L21b to L23b.

  As described above, the winding Lc2b is wound with a number of turns three times that of the winding L21b (or L22b, L23b), so that both ends of the winding Lc2b (assuming no magnetic leakage) The same voltage is induced between both ends of the windings L21b to L23b. The voltage deviation between the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b and the C21b to C23b is suppressed through energy transfer due to the induced voltage.

  In the equal storage / discharge circuits 1b and 2b shown in the present embodiment, the winding Lc2b is connected to a plurality (three) of the electric double layer capacitors C11b to C13b, and the number of electric double layer capacitors to be connected is set. Since it is wound with a corresponding number of turns, the energy transfer efficiency is higher than in the conventional method, and the voltage averaging process can be performed more rapidly. Moreover, the winding (Lc1b, L11b-L13b or Lc2b, L21b-L23b) may be comprised with one electric wire, and the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on this embodiment reduces the manufacturing cost of an equal storage / discharge circuit. You can also.

  Furthermore, when adding an electric double layer capacitor, a uniform storage / discharge circuit can be prepared in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and can be added by the same method. Therefore, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment uses a plurality of equal storage / discharge circuits, and has a high energy transfer capability between the capacitor groups when each capacitor group is connected in series, so that the voltage deviation between the capacitor groups is high. It is possible to realize an equal storage and discharge circuit that suppresses the above more rapidly.

  In addition, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment can be prepared by adding two similar equal storage / discharge circuits in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The number of equal storage / discharge circuits may be any number as long as it is two or more. Thereby, the electric double layer capacitor group which each of several equal storage / discharge circuit has can be equalized.

“Third Embodiment”
Next, the configuration and operation of the equal storage / discharge circuits 1c and 2c according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The equal storage / discharge circuit shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the first and second embodiments, by transferring energy between the electric double layer capacitor groups connected to each other. Averaging processing of the storage voltage between groups is performed.

  In the equal storage / discharge circuits 1c and 2c shown in FIG. 7, when the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to each is an even number of four or more, the storage voltage averaging process between the capacitors can be performed rapidly. it can. This will be described in detail below.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1c shown in FIG. 7 has four electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c connected in series. The number of electric double layer capacitors connected in series may be any number as long as it is an even number of 4 or more. Both ends of the series-connected electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c are connected in parallel to the output terminals T11c and T12c.

  The windings L11c to L14c are wound in approximately the same number of turns and connected in series. Taps T11, T12, T13, T14, and T15 are provided at both ends of each of the series-connected windings L11c to L14c and each common connection portion. The number of windings L11c to L14c may be the same as that of the electric double layer capacitor described above (that is, an even number of 4 or more).

  Further, the midpoint of the common connection portions of the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c connected in series and the midpoint (tap T13) of the common connection portions of the series connected windings L11c to L14c are: They are connected without going through switches SW11c to SW14c, which will be described later (a line connecting the midpoints is referred to as a “common path”).

The switches SW11c, SW12c, SW13c, and SW14c are common terminals 11C, 12C, 13C, and 14C, and a first switching terminal 111 that is selectively connected to the common terminals 11C, 12C, 13C, and 14C. , 121, 131, 141 and second switching terminals 112, 122, 132, 142, and the switching control thereof is performed in synchronization by a control circuit (not shown). The common terminals 11C, 12C, 13C, and 14C are connected to both ends of the series-connected electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c and common connection portions between the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c (counted from one). Connected to the first and third .

  Further, the first switching terminals 111, 121, 131, 141 are connected to taps T11, T12 and T14, T15 provided in the windings L11c to L14c via the storage / discharge paths (first switching terminals). The storage / discharge path connecting 111 to 141 and the taps T11, T12 and T14, T15 is referred to as “first storage / discharge path”). With this first storage / discharge path, the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c are connected in parallel to the windings L11c to L14c via the common terminals 11C to 14C and the first switching terminals 111 to 141, respectively.

  Further, the second switching terminals 112, 122, 132, 142 are connected to the taps T15, T14 and T12, T11 via the storage / discharge path (the second switching terminals 112 to 142 and the taps T15, T14 and The storage / discharge path connecting T12 and T11 is referred to as “second storage / discharge path”). By this second storage / discharge path, the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c are connected in parallel to the windings L14c to L11c via the common terminals 11C to 14C and the second switching terminals 112 to 142, respectively. With the above configuration, the storage voltage averaging process between capacitors can be performed rapidly.

  The equal storage / discharge circuit 1c has an energy transfer circuit (second energy transfer circuit) in which the winding Lc1c and the switches SW1c and SW2c are connected. The winding Lc1c is magnetically coupled to the windings L11c to L14c described above.

  Further, the winding Lc1c includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L11c (or L12c to L14c) (or the inverse of the capacitance) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc1c (or capacitance). It is wound with the number of turns according to the ratio. This ratio will be described together with a winding Lc2c described later.

Moreover, the equal storage / discharge circuit 2c shown in FIG. 7 has the same configuration as the above-described equal storage / discharge circuit 1c. That is, even electricity storing and discharging circuit 2c shown in FIG. 7 has an electric double layer capacitor C21 c -C24 c connected in series. Output terminals T21c and T22c are connected in parallel to both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C21c to C24c connected in series.

  The electric double layer capacitors C21c to C24c group connected in series are connected in series with the electric double layer capacitor C11c to C14c group described above. That is, the output terminal T21c and the output terminal T12c are connected. The electric double layer capacitors C11c to C24c connected in series in this way supply voltage to the load via the output terminals T11c and T22c.

  The extension terminals Tc21c and Tc22c are connected in parallel to the output terminals T11c and T12c of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1c (that is, the extension terminal Tc21c and the output terminal T11c are connected, and the extension terminal Tc22c and the output terminal T12c are connected). ing).

  As will be described later, the equal storage / discharge circuits 1c and 2c according to the present embodiment are connected between the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C24c by energy transfer through the extension terminals Tc21c and Tc22c and the output terminals T11c and T12c. Suppresses voltage deviation.

  Further, the winding Lc2c includes the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21c (or L22c to L24c) (or the inverse of the capacitance) and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2c (or capacitance). It is wound with the number of turns according to the ratio.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding L21c is one (C21c or C24c), and the number of electric double layer capacitors connected to the winding Lc2c is four (C11c˜ C14c). For this reason, the winding Lc2c is wound four times as many times as the winding L21c (assuming that the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C24c have substantially the same capacity). Similarly, the above-described winding Lc1c is also wound with a number of turns four times that of the winding L11c.

  Next, the operation of the equal storage / discharge circuit 1c shown in FIG. 7 will be described. As described above, when the DC voltage Vcc is applied to both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c connected in series, a deviation occurs in the voltage stored in each due to the deviation in capacitance.

  First, when each of the switches SW11c to SW14c is switched to the first switching terminals 111 to 141, the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c are connected to the common terminals 11C to 14C and the first switching terminals 111 to 141, respectively. Are connected in parallel to the windings L11c to L14c. Then, the same voltage (a voltage obtained by averaging the voltages across the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c) is induced in each of the windings L11c to L14c. In the same manner as described above, charge energy is transferred between the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c, and the deviation of the stored voltage between the capacitors is suppressed.

  Next, when each of the switches SW11c to SW14c is switched to the second switching terminals 112 to 142, the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c are connected to the common terminals 11C to 14C and the second switching terminals 112 to 142, respectively. Are connected in parallel to the windings L14c to L11c. As described above, the same voltage (a voltage obtained by averaging the voltages at both ends of the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c) is induced in each of the windings L11c to L14c. In the same manner as described above, charge energy is transferred between the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c, and the deviation of the stored voltage between the capacitors is suppressed.

Then, an electric double layer capacitor C11c~C14c group, and an electric double layer capacitor C21c~ C 24c group, the averaging processing of the voltage between the describing. As described above, the winding Lc2c and the windings L21c to L24c are magnetically coupled. Further, the switches SW3c and SW4c and the switches SW21c to SW24c are switching-controlled synchronously. For this reason, a voltage corresponding to the ratio of the number of turns is generated in the winding Lc2c and the windings L21c to L24c.

  As described above, the winding Lc2c is wound with four times the number of windings compared to the winding L21c (or L22c to L24c), so that both ends of the winding Lc2c (assuming there is no magnetic leakage) The same voltage is generated at both ends of the windings L21c to L24c. A voltage deviation between the electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c and the C21c to 24c is suppressed through energy transfer due to the generated voltage.

  In the equal storage / discharge circuits 1c and 2c shown in the present embodiment, the winding Lc2c is connected to a plurality (four) of electric double layer capacitors C11c to C14c, and the number of electric double layer capacitors to be connected is set. Since it is wound with a corresponding number of turns, the energy transfer efficiency is higher than in the conventional method, and the voltage averaging process can be performed more rapidly.

  Furthermore, when adding an electric double layer capacitor, an equal storage / discharge circuit can be prepared and added in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment uses a plurality of equal storage / discharge circuits, and has a high energy transfer capability between the capacitor groups when each capacitor group is connected in series, so that the voltage deviation between the capacitor groups is high. It is possible to realize an equal storage and discharge circuit that suppresses the above more rapidly. Similarly, the windings (Lc1c, L11c to L14c or Lc2c, L21c to L24c) can also be configured with one electric wire in the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment, and the manufacturing cost of the equal storage / discharge circuit can be reduced. Can also be reduced.

  In addition, the equal storage / discharge circuit according to the present embodiment can be prepared by adding two similar equal storage / discharge circuits in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The number of equal storage / discharge circuits may be any number as long as it is two or more. Thereby, the electric double layer capacitor group which each of a some equal storage discharge circuit has can be equalized.

It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage-and-discharge circuit which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure showing the equal storage / discharge circuit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1a, 2a Equal storage / discharge circuit, C11a, C12a, C21a, C22a Electric double layer capacitor, L11a, L12a, L21a, L22a, Lc1a, Lc2a winding, SW11a, SW12a, SW21a, SW22a, SW1a, SW2a switch, T11a, T12a , T21a, T22a Output terminal, Tc11a, Tc12a, Tc21a, Tc22a Additional terminals.

Claims (3)

N power storage means connected in series (N is an integer of 2 or more);
A plurality of N first windings that are magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other so that the N first windings are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel to the N power storage units. A first energy transfer circuit having a first switch;
Against the connection output terminal to both ends of the series-connected energy storage means group,
With
When the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, energy storage energy is transferred between the power storage units, thereby suppressing a deviation in the storage voltage between the power storage units. An equal storage and discharge circuit,
Second energy and a second switch which is the first is the winding magnetically coupled connected to the second winding and said second winding in series with in synchronism with the first switch switching control A transfer circuit;
An extension terminal connected to a path leading to each end of the series connection portion by the second winding and the second switch ;
Equipped with a,
The extension terminal is
An external power storage means provided separately from the equal storage / discharge circuit, electrically or magnetically connected to an external power storage means connected in series to one end of the power storage means group via an output terminal An equal storage and discharge circuit. N power storage means connected in series (N is an integer of 2 or more);
A plurality of N first windings that are magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other so that the N first windings are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel to the N power storage units. A first energy transfer circuit having a first switch;
Output terminals connected to both ends of the storage means group connected in series;
With
When the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, energy storage energy is transferred between the power storage units, thereby suppressing a deviation in the storage voltage between the power storage units. Equal storage and discharge circuit,
M pieces (M is an integer of 2 or more), the charge reservoir means group that each of said M equal electricity storing and discharging circuit Yusuke, one of the pre-stage of the output terminal of the next stage of the output terminal An equal storage and discharge system connected in series so as to be connected to one of
Each equal storage and discharge circuit
A second energy having a second winding magnetically coupled to the first winding and a second switch connected in series with the second winding and controlled in synchronization with the first switch. A transfer circuit;
An extension terminal connected to a path leading to each end of the series connection portion by the second winding and the second switch;
With
The equal storage and discharge system includes:
The L-1th (L is an integer of 2 or more and M or less) equal storage / discharge circuit extension terminal and the Lth equal storage / discharge circuit output terminal are connected in parallel. system. N power storage means connected in series (N is an integer of 2 or more);
A plurality of N first windings that are magnetically coupled to each other are controlled in synchronization with each other so that the N first windings are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel to the N power storage units. A first energy transfer circuit having a first switch;
Output terminals connected to both ends of the storage means group connected in series;
With
When the N first windings and the N power storage units are individually and simultaneously connected in parallel, energy storage energy is transferred between the power storage units, thereby suppressing a deviation in the storage voltage between the power storage units. Equal storage and discharge circuit,
M pieces (M is an integer of 2 or more), the charge reservoir means group that each of said M equal electricity storing and discharging circuit Yusuke, one of the pre-stage of the output terminal of the next stage of the output terminal An equal storage and discharge system connected in series so as to be connected to one of
Each equal storage and discharge circuit
A second energy having a second winding magnetically coupled to the first winding and a second switch connected in series with the second winding and controlled in synchronization with the first switch. A transfer circuit;
An extension terminal connected to a path leading to each end of the series connection portion by the second winding and the second switch;
With
The equal storage and discharge system includes:
An equal storage / discharge system, wherein the additional terminals of all the equal storage / discharge circuits are connected in parallel.

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