JP4614145B2 - Information record carrier, information record carrier manufacturing apparatus, and information record carrier manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an information record carrier, an information record carrier manufacturing apparatus, and an information record carrier manufacturing method, particularly for use in a system for recording and / or reproducing information by optical means.

  Conventionally, there is a system for reading information recorded on an information record carrier by relatively moving the information record carrier and the information recording / reproducing means. As the recording / reproducing means, optical means, magnetic means, electrostatic capacity means and the like are used. Among these, a system that performs recording and / or reproduction by optical means is widely used (here, “recording and / or reproduction” means three modes of recording only, reproduction only, and recording and reproduction). ). For example, a DVD-RAM or DVD-RW having a capacity of 4.7 GB as a recording / reproducing information recording carrier using a pickup comprising a laser beam having a wavelength λ = 650 nm and an objective lens having a numerical aperture NA = 0.6. ("DVD" means a digital versatile disc).

  Here, when a next-generation information record carrier is considered, no means for increasing the density has been found other than shortening the laser wavelength λ of the optical pickup and increasing the NA of the objective lens. For example, in a high-density disc called Blu-ray disc that is about to be put into practical use, a wavelength of λ = 405 nm and an objective lens NA = 0.85 are used to realize a capacity of 23.3 GB.

  However, the shortening of the laser wavelength means that no laser oscillation material having an appropriate band gap has been found, and that the material of the laser transmission surface of the information record carrier has an extremely low transmittance in a so-called ultraviolet region of 400 nm or less. Therefore, it is virtually impossible to expect. In addition, the NA of the objective lens can be designed to increase the NA to some extent by increasing the curvature of the lens, etc., but it becomes extremely sensitive to the warp of the information record carrier, and the distance between the lens and the information record carrier is close. Since there is no choice but to increase the risk of collision destruction when they move relative to each other, further improvement in NA cannot be expected.

Therefore, in the next-generation information record carrier, particularly an information record carrier with a further increased recording density, it is necessary to increase the recording density by multiplexing information rather than improving the laser and the objective lens. For example, it is conceivable to multiplex and record data in the groove of the information record carrier.
As an example of this, an information record carrier in which different data is recorded on both side walls of the groove of the information record carrier is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

Specifically, as representatively shown in FIG. 17, different data is modulated and recorded on the side wall G2A and the side wall G2B of the groove G2 constituting the fine pattern 900 formed on the information record carrier. As a result, the side walls are not parallel to each other, but multiplexed data such as address information on the side wall G2A and encryption key information on the side wall G2B can be recorded.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-151843 Japanese Patent No. 2869146

  By the way, when such an information record carrier is manufactured and information is reproduced, the signals on the side walls G2A and G2B are mixed and extracted together, but different modulation methods are used for the respective side walls. Alternatively, it is possible to separate and reproduce signals from both side walls by using different fundamental frequencies, or by using a four-divided photodetector and optimizing the calculation of four-component signals. It was confirmed that this method was feasible.

  However, if the pitch of the grooves is narrowed, that is, for example, the distance between the grooves G3 adjacent to the groove G2 is narrowed to further increase the density of the information record carrier, noise is significantly generated, and signals from the side walls G2A and G2B are generated. Are both disturbed and become unplayable. This is considered to be because, when reproducing the groove G2, when the adjacent groove G3 approaches the area of the spot of the reproduction light, for example, when the side wall G2B is reproduced, the signal of the adjacent side wall G3A interferes. Similarly, when the side wall G2A is reproduced, it is considered that the signal of the adjacent side wall G1B interferes.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an information record carrier that can reproduce data recorded in a multiplexed manner on the side wall of a groove with less crosstalk even when the groove pitch is narrowed.

As means for achieving the above object, each invention of the present application provides the following information record carrier, information record carrier manufacturing apparatus, and information record carrier manufacturing method.
1 ) It has a fine pattern in which meandering grooves in which two side walls facing each other meander independently and non-meandering grooves in which two side walls facing each other are not meandering are alternately arranged, In the meandering groove, a meandering of one of the two side walls corresponds to the first information, and a meandering of the other side wall of the two side walls differs from the first information. The meandering of the one side wall corresponds to information, and the first information is modulated by a phase shift method having a fundamental wave of (αsinωt + βcosωt) wave (where α and β are each 1 or −1), and the meandering groove The meandering of the other side wall is modulated by a phase shift method in which the second information is a fundamental wave of (γ sin ωt + δ cos ωt) wave (where γ and δ are 1 or −1, respectively). The width of the meandering groove An information record carrier having another amplitude different from the amplitude in the direction.
2 ) The information recording carrier according to 1 ), wherein in the fine pattern, the meandering grooves and the non-meandering grooves are alternately arranged in a line shape, a concentric circle shape, or a spiral shape.
3) the fine pattern, and the meandering groove and the non-meandering grooves, without connecting to each other, linear, 1, characterized in that are arranged alternately in concentric circles, or helical) information contained Record carrier.
4 ) The information recording carrier according to 1 ), wherein the fine pattern is spirally formed as a series of tracks in which the meandering grooves and the non-meandering grooves are alternately arranged.
5 ) Any one of 1 ) to 4 ), wherein the fine pattern is provided on a support, and a recording layer and a light-transmitting layer are sequentially provided on the fine pattern. An information record carrier according to 1.
6 ) An information record carrier manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the information record carrier according to any one of 1 ) to 5 ), wherein a data generating unit for generating data to be recorded, and a modulated signal that modulates the data A signal modulation unit that outputs data; a support unit that supports the information record carrier in a blank state; a rotation monitor that monitors rotation of the support unit; and a radial position of the information record carrier supported by the support unit A relative motion imparting unit that imparts relative motion to the support unit, an energy ray source that generates and emits energy rays, and a deflection energy ray obtained by deflecting the energy rays with the modulated data And at least a deflector that emits light to the support unit side, and the signal modulation unit rotates from the rotation monitor. An apparatus for manufacturing an information record carrier, characterized in that it controls the transmission timing of a modulation signal supplied to the deflector based on angle information.
7 ) An information record carrier manufacturing method for manufacturing the information record carrier according to any one of 1 ) to 5 ), wherein a first step of generating data to be recorded, and a modulated signal modulated from the data A second step of outputting data; a third step of supporting the blank information record carrier; and a relative motion with respect to the information record carrier to change a radial position of the supported information record carrier. A fourth step of generating and emitting an energy beam, and a sixth step of emitting a deflection energy beam obtained by deflecting the energy beam with modulated data to the supported information record carrier side. And the sixth step includes controlling the transmission timing of the modulated data based on the rotation angle information about which the supported information record carrier rotates to control the energy beam. A method for manufacturing an information record carrier, characterized in that it is a step of deflecting.

  According to the information record carrier of the present invention, the non-parallel meandering grooves and the linear grooves are alternately arranged adjacent to each other. Particularly in the case of a disc-shaped information record carrier, these are successively adjacent in the radial direction. Is provided. For this reason, when reproducing the information record carrier, there is almost no crosstalk between adjacent tracks, so that a high density can be achieved by reducing the pitch.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a circular information record carrier which is an embodiment of an information record carrier according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a card-like information record carrier which is an embodiment of the information record carrier according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circular information record carrier which is an embodiment of the information record carrier according to the present invention.

  The information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B of the embodiment of the present invention are information record carriers in which at least one of recording and reproduction is performed mainly by optical means. For example, a reflective read-only information record carrier that is reproduced by light reflection from a reflective material, a recordable information record carrier that can be recorded / reproduced by phase change recording, dye-type recording, magneto-optical recording, optical-assisted magnetic recording, etc. .

  As shown in FIG. 1, a concave / convex fine pattern 100 having a plurality of grooves is formed on the surface (laser light irradiation surface) or inside of the information record carrier 1 as a recording / reproducing area. In the example of FIG. 1, the fine pattern 100 is drawn in an arc shape for a very small part, but the arc may be concentric or spirally continuous 360 degrees or more.

  In FIG. 1, a circular information record carrier 1 is depicted, but the present invention is not limited to that shape, and may be the card-like information record carrier 1A described in FIG. The fine pattern 100 may be formed in parallel with one side of the card. Moreover, the card-shaped information recording carrier 1B described in FIG. 3 may be used, and the fine pattern 100 may be formed in a circular shape as in FIG. In addition, although not shown, the information record carrier 1 may be in the form of a tape or may be perforated.

The data to be recorded in the embodiment of the present invention is digital data, and is recorded as a groove shape on a part of the fine pattern 100. In the case of a read-only information record carrier, the data is read-only permanent data that cannot be rewritten, and can be widely used for music, images, data files, etc., regardless of the type of data.
In the case of a recordable information record carrier, auxiliary data when the purchased user performs recording is recorded as permanent data. For example, address information, anti-duplication information, encrypted information, encryption keys, etc. are handled, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  Here, the address information is the absolute address assigned to the entire surface of the information record carrier 1, 1A, 1B, the relative address assigned to the partial area, the track number, the sector number, the frame number, the field number, the time. Data selected from information, error correction code, and the like, for example, data obtained by converting data described in decimal or hexadecimal to binary (including examples of BCD code and Gray code).

Next, the fine pattern 100 will be described.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view for explaining the planar fine structure of the fine pattern of the information record carrier according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the fine pattern 100 includes non-parallel meandering grooves 201 and linear grooves 203, which are substantially parallel to each other in a macro manner and are alternately configured. Between the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the straight groove 203 is an inter-groove portion 202. The non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the straight groove 203 have the same height and are different from the height of the inter-groove portion 202. The height difference is preferably λ / (28k) to λ / (4.6k), taking into account the λ and NA of the reproducing optical system in order to obtain the tracking performance of the information record carriers 1, 1A and 1B. Is preferably in the range of λ / (18k) to λ / (6k). In particular, λ / (16k) to λ / (8k) is preferable. Here, λ is the wavelength of the reproducing light for reproducing the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B, NA is the numerical aperture of the objective lens, and k is a light-transmitting layer (light-transmitting layer 11 described later) on which laser light is incident. , 14, 17) represents the refractive index at λ.

  Here, the pitch P between the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the straight groove 203 is not particularly limited, but the information recording carriers 1, 1A, 1B are reproduced as typical pitch P values that are easy to track. When the wavelength of the reproduction light to be reproduced is λ and the numerical aperture of the objective lens is NA, P <λ / NA is established. For example, as with DVD, when λ = 650 nm and NA = 0.6, P <1083 nm. For example, when a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting element and a high NA pickup are used and λ = 405 nm and NA = 0.85, P <476 nm. Further, there is a relation of Δ <P between the amplitude Δ of the meandering groove of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the pitch P.

In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in each groove width of the non-parallel meandering groove | channel 201 and the linear groove | channel 203. FIG. That is, the width of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the width of the linear groove 203 may be the same or different.
Further, both the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the linear groove 203 may be any of a line shape, a concentric circle shape, and a spiral shape. In particular, in the case of the circular or arcuate fine pattern 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the non-parallel serpentine groove 201 has a constant angular velocity (CAV) or constant linear velocity (CLV) pattern, or Different zones are formed for each radius, and recording is performed in a ZCAV (Zone Constant Angular Velocity) or ZCLV (Zone Constant Linear Velocity) format in which each zone has different control.

  In any case, the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 and the linear grooves 203 are sequentially arranged adjacent to each other. In particular, in the case of the disc-shaped information record carrier 1, these are alternately arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction. For this reason, when reproducing the information record carrier 1, there is almost no crosstalk between adjacent tracks. That is, leakage from the straight groove 203 into the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is a DC component, and it is possible to avoid disturbing the signal waveform obtained from the non-parallel meandering groove 201 during signal detection. That is, even if the pitch P is made small in order to obtain a high-density information recording carrier, the increase in crosstalk is small, so that high density can be achieved. As described above, the information record carrier 1 having the fine pattern 100 is a record carrier capable of reproducing address data of an excellent quality that is not found in a conventional information record carrier.

Next, the non-parallel meandering groove 201 will be further described.
As shown in FIG. 4, the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is composed of two side walls 201A and 201B. Data is recorded on these two side walls 201A and 201B by different modulation means, and therefore the two side walls 201A and 201B are not parallel.

Next, a recording method for recording data on the two side walls 201A and 201B and a method for reproducing the data recorded on the side walls 201A and 201B will be described.
For example, one side wall 201A is a side wall recorded by performing amplitude shift modulation (ASK modulation) on data A, and the other side wall 201B is a side wall recorded by performing frequency shift modulation (FSK modulation) on data B. It is. As another example, the side wall 201A is a side wall recorded by performing amplitude shift modulation (ASK modulation) on the data A, and the side wall 201B is recorded by performing phase shift modulation (PSK modulation) on the data B. Side wall. As another example, for example, the side wall 201A is a side wall recorded by performing phase shift keying (PSK modulation) on the data A, and the side wall 201B is obtained by frequency shifting keying (FSK modulation) the data B. Recorded sidewalls.

  Here, amplitude shift keying (ASK modulation), frequency shift keying (FSK modulation), and phase shift keying (PSK modulation) will be described. In the shape recording by these modulation methods, the data may be binary (binary) or multi-valued, but here it is assumed that the data is binary in order to simplify the description.

First, specific recording of ASK modulation will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing digital data subjected to amplitude shift modulation, and shows an example in which data 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 are recorded by ASK modulation. The side wall on which this data is recorded is composed of an amplitude portion 321 meandered at a constant period and a non-amplitude portion 320 not meandered. The amplitude portion 321 and the non-amplitude portion 320 correspond to data bits 1 and 0, respectively.

Although the figure shows a case where the amplitude portion 321 is composed of three waves, the number is not limited. However, if there are too many waves, the length of the non-amplitude portion 320 will inevitably become long, so that it becomes difficult to detect the fundamental wave that generates the gate during reproduction. Therefore, 2 to 100 waves, preferably 3 to 30 waves are appropriate.
Further, the length of each of the amplitude portion 321 and the non-amplitude portion 320 and the magnitude of the amplitude of the amplitude portion 321 are not limited.

  As shown in FIG. 5, if the amplitudes of the amplitude portions 321 are equal to each other, and the length of the amplitude portion 321 is the same as the length of the non-amplitude portion 320, 0 or 1 judgment is sufficient at the time of reproduction. In addition, since the serialized data can be read with one time threshold value, the reproduction circuit is simplified. Even if there is jitter (fluctuation in the time axis direction) in the reproduction data, there is an advantage that the influence can be minimized. If the codes to be recorded are ideally symmetric, the total length of the amplitude portion 321 and the total length of the non-amplitude portion 320 are equal, and the reproduction signal has no DC component. This is advantageous because it does not burden the data decoding and servo.

Next, specific recording of FSK modulation will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating digital data subjected to frequency shift modulation.
This figure shows an example in which data 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 are recorded by FSK modulation. The side wall on which this data is recorded is composed of a high frequency portion 301 and a low frequency portion 300. The high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 correspond to data bits 1 and 0, respectively, and are digitally recorded with the frequency switched for each data bit.

  Here, there is no restriction | limiting in the number of the waves which comprise the high frequency part 301 and the low frequency part 300, and it is comprised by one or more different waves, respectively. However, in order to correctly detect the frequency in the reproducing apparatus and to obtain a certain data transfer rate, considering that it is not redundant, each data bit described above is in the range of 1 to 100 waves, preferably 1 to 30 waves. It is desirable to configure the frequency portions corresponding to each. The amplitudes of the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 may be the same. However, the amplitude ratio is not limited, and the amplitude of the high frequency portion 301 may be formed larger than that of the low frequency portion 300 in consideration of the frequency characteristics of the playback device. In addition, there is no limitation on the physical length of the data bits configured by the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 and the magnitude of the amplitude.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the amplitudes of the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 are equal to each other, and the length of the high frequency portion 301 is the same as the length of the low frequency portion 300. It may be. In this way, 0 and 1 judgments can be made with a sufficient amplitude threshold value during reproduction, and the serialized data can be read with one time threshold value, thereby simplifying the reproduction circuit. In addition, there is an advantage that the influence can be minimized when there is jitter (fluctuation in the time axis direction) in the reproduction data. If the codes to be recorded are ideally symmetric, the total length of the high frequency portion 301 and the total length of the low frequency portion 302 are equal, and the reproduction signal has no DC component. This is advantageous because it does not burden the data decoding and servo.

  Further, the phase at the data bit switching point of the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 may be arbitrarily set. However, in order to prevent the occurrence of a phase jump, as shown in FIG. The high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 may be arranged so that phase continuity is maintained. That is, the start phase of the low frequency portion 300 is selected so that the end of the high frequency portion 301 and the start of the low frequency portion 300 are in the same phase direction. The reverse is also true, and the start phase of the high frequency portion 301 is selected so that the end of the low frequency portion 300 and the start of the high frequency portion 301 are in the same phase direction. With this selection, phase continuity is maintained, power efficiency is improved, and the reproduction envelope is constant, so that the data error rate of the information record carrier 1 is improved.

  The frequency of the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 can be selected arbitrarily. However, in order to avoid interference with the frequency band in which the user records data on the information record carrier 1, the high frequency portion 301 is divided into the low frequency portion 300. Compared to, it is required that the frequency is not significantly higher. On the other hand, in order to improve the reproduction error rate of the address data, it is desirable that the frequency difference between the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 has a certain level and that the separability is kept good. From these viewpoints, the frequency ratio (high frequency / low frequency) of the high frequency portion 301 and the low frequency portion 300 is desirably in the range of 1.09 to 1.67. That is, the phase difference between the two frequencies is preferably in the range of ± π / 12 to ± π / 2 (ωt ± 15 degrees to ± 90 degrees).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, when the frequency ratio (high frequency / low frequency) is 1.5 times, the two frequencies have a single wave phase of −π / 2.5 and + π / 2.5, respectively. It becomes a shifted relationship. That is, the phase is shifted by ± 72 degrees. These two frequencies can be expressed by integer multiples (here, triple and double) of a single frequency (here 0.5). Therefore, there is an advantage that the demodulation circuit can be simplified. A circuit having a window of 0.5 also facilitates clock generation. Demodulation can also be performed by a synchronous detection circuit, in which case the error rate can be significantly reduced.

Next, specific recording of PSK modulation will be described.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing phase shift modulated digital data, and shows an example in which data 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 are recorded by phase shift modulation. The side wall on which this data is recorded is composed of a forward phase portion 311 and a backward phase portion 310. The forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 correspond to data bits 1 and 0, respectively, and the phase is switched for each data bit and digitally recorded. Specifically, the forward phase portion 311 is represented by sin (ωt) of a sine wave, and the backward phase portion 310 is represented by sin (ωt−π) of a sine wave. The forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 are each composed of one wave, but since the phase difference is π, it can be sufficiently separated and reproduced by envelope detection or synchronous detection.

  Here, the frequencies of the forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 are the same, but the number of waves constituting each of them is not limited and is composed of one or more waves. However, in order to correctly detect the phase in the reproducing apparatus and to obtain a data transfer rate to some extent, in consideration of not being excessively redundant, each of the above-described data in the range of 1 to 100 waves, preferably 1 to 30 waves. It is desirable to configure each of the frequency portions corresponding to the bits.

  The physical lengths of the forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 may be the same or different. If each physical length is the same, each piece of data serialized at the time of reproduction can be divided at a fixed time (clock), so that the reproduction circuit is simplified. In addition, there is an advantage that the influence can be minimized when there is jitter (fluctuation in the time axis direction) in the reproduction data. Phase shift modulation can be reproduced with a low error rate by a known synchronous detection circuit.

Further, the amplitudes of the forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 may be the same or different, but it is desirable that the amplitudes are the same in consideration of ease of reproduction.
Further, the phase difference between the forward phase portion 311 and the backward phase portion 310 was adapted to the information record carrier 1 and its separation limit was obtained experimentally. As a result, it was confirmed that the phase difference could be separated to π / 8. That is, the minimum phase difference can be set in a range of π / 8 to π (π corresponds to the binary minimum phase difference). In the case of multilevel recording, data from binary to 16 values is handled. be able to.

Heretofore, the modulation scheme used in the present embodiment has been described.
As described above, the shape is recorded as permanent information on the sidewalls 201A and 201B by modulating the data using one or a combination of modulation methods selected from ASK modulation, FSK modulation, and PSK modulation. The Since the digital recording is performed in response to the meandering of the groove, specifically, the frequency change, the phase change, and the amplitude change, there is an excellent data discrimination ability at the time of reproduction. Therefore, a low error rate can be obtained even with a relatively small C / N. For example, even if a recording mark by phase change, dye, or magneto-optical is recorded on the recording layer in contact with the fine pattern 100 and user data is superimposed, the data previously recorded on the side wall of the non-parallel serpentine groove is disturbed. Never happen.

  As described above, recording is performed on each side wall by different modulation means, and the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is realized. The modulation means is not limited to the above example, and the elements may be interchanged. Further, a composite wave of a plurality of modulation methods may be arbitrarily selected from each modulation method and applied to the side wall 201A or the side wall 201B.

  Moreover, even if they are different modulation means, they may be different modulation means each having a certain time synchronization relationship. As an example, there is a modulation means including at least PSK modulation, and recording is performed with time synchronization between two side walls. For example, specifically, the side wall 201A is a side wall in which data A is recorded by PSK modulation based on a cosine wave, and the side wall 201B is recorded by performing PSK modulation on data B based on a sin wave. These sidewalls are time-synchronized with each other. For example, the side wall 201A is a side wall recorded with a cos ω (ta) wave as a fundamental wave, and the side wall 201B is a side wall recorded with a sin ω (tb) wave as a fundamental wave, and time (ta) = (tb) And a method of recording in time synchronization with each other. When the sin wave and the cosine wave are time-synchronized in this way, they do not interfere with each other (orthogonal on the phase plane), so that two different data sequences can be reproduced simultaneously with a good error rate. it can.

  As a more specific example, a binary value (for example, sin (ω (ta) ± π / 2)) is recorded on the sidewall recorded by the sin wave, and a binary value (for example, cos (ω (tb)) is recorded on the sidewall recorded by the cosine wave. When (. ± .π / 2)) is selected and time synchronous recording is performed such that time (ta) = (tb), quaternary data can be recorded. In reproduction, the reproduction beam is narrowed down to the center of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 (the middle between the two side walls 201A and 201B), and the reflected light is received by the split detector. Further, a groove crossing differential signal from the split detector (push-pull signal, the same as (Ia + Ib)-(Ic + Id) output described in the DVD-R standard (JIS X6245)) and a circuit that multiplies the sin wave, and the split detector By preparing a circuit that multiplies the difference signal by the cosine wave, and converting the output from these circuits by the determiner, two different data strings can be generated. Since each has two values, four-value data can be restored.

  As another specific example, similarly, when four values are selected on the side wall recorded by the sine wave and four values are selected on the side wall recorded by the cosine wave, and time synchronous recording is performed, eight-value data can be recorded. . Then, the 8-value data can be restored by a similar reproduction method. Here, when recording, two-dimensional encoding using a combination of two data strings is used, data of 4 × 4 = 16 values can be recorded. Also, 16-valued data can be restored by a decoding means, that is, a two-dimensional decoding means, by means of the reverse of encoding.

  As yet another specific example, there is a method of performing advanced recording by combining PSK modulation and ASK modulation. For example, the side wall 201A is a side wall recorded by an α sin ω (ta) + β cos ω (ta) wave, and the side wall 201B is a side wall recorded by a γ sin ω (tb) + δ cos ω (tb) wave, and these are expressed as time (ta) = (tb). Record in time synchronization. When the amplitude information α, β, γ, and δ each take 1 or −1, the side wall 201A can take 4 values and the side wall 201B can take 4 values. At this time, 4 × 4 = 16-valued data can be recorded if two-dimensional encoding using a combination of two data strings is used for recording. In reproduction, the reproduction beam is narrowed down to the center of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 (the middle between the two side walls 201A and 201B), and the reflected light is received by the split detector. By using similar decoding means, that is, two-dimensional decoding means, 16-value data can be restored.

  In the above description, the reproduction method has been described with an example in which the reproduction beam is narrowed down to the center of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 (in the middle of the two side walls 201A and 201B). It is also possible to perform reproduction by narrowing the reproduction beam to 202. Even in this case, the presence of the linear groove 203 almost eliminates the crosstalk between adjacent tracks (grooves), so that reproduction with fewer errors is possible. It is also possible to perform reproduction by narrowing the reproduction beam to the side wall 201A or 201B. Even in this case, the presence of the linear groove 203 almost eliminates the crosstalk between adjacent tracks (grooves), so that reproduction with fewer errors is possible.

Next, an application example when the fine pattern of the present embodiment is applied to an information record carrier having a circumferential fine pattern as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 will be described.
FIG. 8 is a plan view for explaining the planar fine structure of the information record carrier according to the present invention.
In the figure, a circumferential fine pattern 101 formed on the information record carrier 1, 1B of the present embodiment is shown. Here, the fine pattern 101 includes the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 and the straight grooves 203 described above, and the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 illustrated by a one-dot chain line and the linear grooves 203 illustrated by a solid line are alternately arranged. .

  Here, data are recorded on two side walls of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 by two different modulation means (not shown). Further, the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 and the linear grooves 203 are not connected to each other but are alternately arranged adjacent to each other in a circumferential shape to constitute the fine pattern 101. In other words, the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and the straight groove 203 both form a spiral while maintaining a parallel relationship with the macro. That is, each is formed as a double spiral from the inner periphery to the outer periphery (or from the outer periphery to the inner periphery) without being connected to each other. By configuring the fine pattern 101 on the information record carriers 1 and 1B in this way, multiplexed data recorded as non-parallel meandering grooves can be reproduced with high quality without error.

  Note that the data recorded in the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 is permanent data that cannot be rewritten as described at the beginning, but the information record carrier 1 is recorded / reproduced like a DVD-RW by utilizing its properties. Type disc. That is, address data is recorded in at least one of the non-parallel meandering grooves 201, and is used as a numeric string (or character string) that is incremented or decremented exclusively for reproduction. Recording by the user using the information record carrier 1 is performed on the recording layers (recording layers 12, 17, and 15 described later) formed on the fine pattern 101 after accurate positioning is performed by reproducing the address data. On the other hand, the recording is performed by any one of heat, light and magnetism, or a combination thereof.

  Here, the recording is performed in either the non-parallel meandering groove 201 or the inter-groove portion 202 (202A or 202B). When recording is performed in the non-parallel meandering groove 201, the recording location and the location where the address is recorded are exactly the same, so that excellent reproduction characteristics can be obtained with respect to the address. On the other hand, when recording is performed in the inter-groove portion 202 (202A or 202B), since the recording location and the address recording location are shifted, the reproduction output of the address is slightly reduced and the two side walls are recorded. Of 201 (201A or 201B, not shown), the output of the side wall in contact with the inter-groove portion (202A or 202B) becomes dominant. However, since the address data recorded in the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is basically a small amount of data, the address data is on the side wall that is dominant in reproduction and the other side wall is attached to the side wall that is disadvantageous in reproduction. It is possible to assign data. Accordingly, there is virtually no problem whether recording is performed in either the non-parallel meandering groove 201 or the inter-groove portion 202 (202A or 202B).

  However, a drawback of such a double spiral type fine pattern 101 is that the area utilization efficiency is poor. That is, if user recording is performed on the non-parallel meandering groove 201, user recording is not performed on the linear groove 203. When user recording is performed on the inter-groove portion 202A, user recording is not performed on the inter-groove portion 202B.

  In the former case, such a problem cannot be solved, but can be solved when the inter-groove portion 202 (202A or 202B) is selected. That is, for example, the groove portion 202A is selected, user recording is performed from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery, recording is performed up to the outermost periphery, and then the recording is resumed by returning to the inner periphery. At this time, an inter-groove portion different from the previous portion, that is, an inter-groove portion 202B is selected, and user recording is performed from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery. If recording is performed in this manner, the area utilization efficiency is good because all the inter-groove portions are used for recording. This user record can be recorded from the inner periphery to the outer periphery and then from the outer periphery to the inner periphery.

  As described above, when both of the inter-groove portions 202A and 202B are used for recording, the data recorded on the side walls 201A and 201B of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 are preferably address data. One side wall is advantageous at the time of reproduction, so if recording is performed only on one side, when the polarity of the groove portion is changed, for example, recording is performed from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, and then from the outer periphery to the inner periphery. This is because the correspondence cannot be taken when recording toward the camera. Therefore, for example, the address data for the adjacent first groove portion (for example, the first groove portion 202A) is recorded on the side wall 201A by PSK modulation based on the cosine wave, and the side wall 201B is recorded on the side wall 201B. The address data for the inter-groove portion (for example, the second inter-groove portion 202A) to be recorded is recorded by PSK modulation based on the sin wave. At this time, these cos waves and sin waves need to be time-synchronized with each other.

Next, another recording method for increasing the area utilization efficiency will be described.
FIG. 9 is a plan view for explaining the recording / reproducing method of the information record carrier according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, when recording from the innermost periphery to the outer periphery, first, the groove portion 202A is selected and recording is performed at 360 degrees. Subsequently, jumping to the inner circumference of one track so as to jump over the straight groove 203, the inter-groove portion 202B is selected. Then, the recording is resumed and 360 degree recording is performed. Subsequently, jumping to the inner circumference of one track so as to jump over the linear groove 203 again, the groove portion 202A is selected, and recording is resumed. By repeating such a procedure, recording can be continuously performed from the inner periphery toward the outer periphery.

  As an advantage of such a recording method, since the correspondence between the time history and the radius of the information record carrier 1 is relatively good, there is an advantage that the search for an arbitrary place is accelerated. However, as a disadvantage, the polarity must be switched every rotation, and it is necessary to jump the recording / reproducing pickup once per rotation, at the rotation phase indicated by PX in FIG. As described above, since the fine pattern 101 has one discontinuous point in one round, it is possible to record in advance a signal instructing the line PX, which is a polarity change point, in advance in the fine pattern 101. desirable. In addition, it is desirable to provide an alignment adjustment spare area so that the address data sector is not divided around the line PX so that the jump operation does not cause a problem in the address data.

Next, another means for solving such a discontinuity problem will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 10 is a plan view for explaining the planar fine structure of the information recording carrier according to the present invention, in which the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 constituting the fine pattern 102 are indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the straight grooves 203 are indicated by a solid line. is there. Here, the non-parallel serpentine grooves 201 are continuous 360 degrees circumferentially. And the linear groove | channel 203 is continuing 360 degree | times circumferentially. Furthermore, these two types of grooves are connected to each other every 360 degrees to form one spiral. That is, the non-parallel meandering grooves 201 and the linear grooves 203 are spirally formed as a series of tracks alternately arranged at an angular interval of 360 degrees to constitute the fine pattern 101. Therefore, the connection points of these two types of grooves 201 and 203 are aligned in one direction, and in FIG. 10, the connection points are illustrated as connection lines CX. Further, the inter-groove portion 202 also continues 360 degrees circumferentially, but continues for 360 degrees or more as it is to form one spiral. That is, unlike the fine pattern 101 described above, the inter-groove portion 202 does not form two spirals (202A, 202B).

  Since the fine pattern 102 has such a configuration, if the user uses the inter-groove portion 202, for example, continuous recording and reproduction can be performed without interruption from the inner periphery to the outer periphery or from the outer periphery to the inner periphery. It becomes possible to do. The address recorded in the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is such that, for example, the side wall 201A has an address for the first 360 degrees, and the side wall 201B has an address for the next 360 degrees. It is possible to generate continuous addresses only by acquiring data after switching the.

Next, recording / reproduction of the fine pattern 102 will be described.
FIG. 11 is a plan view for explaining the recording / reproducing method of the information record carrier according to the present invention.
As described above, the inter-groove portion 202 constitutes one continuous spiral. Therefore, as shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. 11, tracking is performed on the inter-groove portion 202 and continuous reproduction or recording / reproduction is performed as long as tracing is performed. Is possible. That is, when reproducing from the innermost circumference, in the first track (inter-groove portion), a non-parallel meandering groove 201 is seen on the outer circumference side and a straight groove 203 is seen on the inner circumference side, but after CX rotated 360 degrees The straight groove 203 is seen on the outer peripheral side, and the non-parallel meandering groove 201 is seen on the inner peripheral side. Thereafter, this is repeated, but since it is composed of one spiral, it is possible to continuously perform recording and reproduction without a jump operation. Accordingly, it is not necessary to record a signal indicating the line CX, which is a change in polarity required in the fine pattern 101, and it is not necessary to devise a method for dividing the address data sector and the user data sector. The recording capacity can be increased.

Next, the configuration of the information record carrier in the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing an information record carrier according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the information record carriers 1, 1 </ b> A, and 1 </ b> B according to the embodiment of the present invention include at least a support 13, a recording layer 12, and a light transmitting layer 11. The fine patterns 100, 101, 102 (consisting of the non-parallel meandering groove 201, the inter-groove portion 202, and the linear groove 203) are formed in an uneven shape on the side of the support 13 that contacts the recording layer 12.

  Then, the laser beam 91 responsible for reproduction or recording is incident from the light transmission layer 11 side through the objective lens 90. The laser beam 91 that has passed through the light transmitting layer 11 is applied to the recording layer 12, and reproduction or recording / reproduction is performed. The drawing showing the reproducing or recording method is an illustration when the NA of the objective lens is as large as, for example, 0.7 or more, and the NA of the objective lens is about 0.4 to 0.65 like CD and DVD. If it is low, reproduction or recording may be performed from the support 13 side.

The support 13 to be used is a base material having a function of mechanically holding the recording layer 12 and the light transmitting layer 11 formed thereon.
As a material constituting the support 13, either synthetic resin or ceramic is used. Typical examples of synthetic resins include polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate / polystyrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, alicyclic polyolefin, polymethylpentene, and other thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, and various energy ray curable resins. (Including examples of ultraviolet curable resins, visible light curable resins, and electron beam curable resins) can be suitably used. In addition, these may be a synthetic resin blended with metal powder or ceramic powder. As typical examples of ceramic, soda lime glass, soda aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass, and the like can be used. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, when reproducing or recording from the light transmitting layer 11 side, a metal such as aluminum can be used. The thickness of the support 13 is preferably 0.3 to 3 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm because of the necessity of mechanically holding it. When the information recording carrier 1 has a disc shape, the support 13 is formed so that the total thickness of the support 13, the recording layer 12, the light transmission layer 11, and the like is 1.2 mm for compatibility with a conventional optical disc. It is desirable to design the thickness.

  The recording layer 12 is a thin film layer having a function of reading information or recording or rewriting information. In the case of a reflective read-only information recording carrier that is reproduced by light reflection, the recording layer 12 is a reflective material such as aluminum, silver, gold, platinum, copper, silicon, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, tantalum. Etc. can be used alone or alloyed (alloys include examples of oxides, nitrides and sulfides). As a material that can be recorded and reproduced by the user, a material that causes a change in reflectance and a refractive index before and after recording represented by a phase change material, or a Kerr rotation angle that occurs before and after recording represented by a magneto-optical material. A material or a material that causes a change in refractive index or a depth before and after recording, represented by a dye material, is used.

Specific examples of phase change materials include alloys such as indium, antimony, tellurium, selenium, germanium, bismuth, vanadium, gallium, platinum, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, silicon, palladium, tin, and arsenic. In particular, alloys such as GeSbTe, AgInTeSb, CuAlSbTe, and AgAlSbTe are suitable. As a trace additive element to these alloys, Cu, Ba, Co, Cr, Ni, Pt, Si, Sr, Au, Cd, Li, Mo, Mn, Zn, Fe, Pb, Na, Cs, Ga, Pd, Bi, Containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ti, V, Ge, Se, S, As, Tl, In, Pd, Pt, and Ni in a total of 0.01 atomic% or more and less than 10 atomic%. You can also. The composition of the phase change material is, for example, a GeSbTe system in which Ge ₂ Sb ₂ Te ₅ , Ge ₁ Sb ₂ Te ₄ , GeSbTe system is added with a metal such as Sn, In, and the AgInSbTe system is Ag ₄ In ₄ Sb ₆₆ Te ₂₆ , Ag ₄ In ₄ Sb ₆₄ Te ₂₈ , Ag ₂ In ₆ Sb ₆₄ Te ₂₈ , Ag ₃ In ₅ Sb ₆₄ Te ₂₈ , Ag ₂ In ₆ Sb ₆₆ Te ₂₆ , Cu in the AgInSbTe system, This is a system to which a metal such as Fe or Ge or a semiconductor is added, and other examples include a CuAlSbTe system and an AgAlSbTe system.

  Specific examples of the magneto-optical material include terbium, cobalt, iron, gadolinium, chromium, neodymium, dysprosium, palladium, samarium, holmium, proseodium, manganese, titanium, palladium, erbium, ytterbium, lutetium and tin. Alloys (including alloys such as oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulfides, and fluorides) can be used, and are composed of transition metal and rare earth alloys such as TbFeCo, GdFeCo, and DyFeCo. It is preferable to do this. Further, the recording layer 12 may be formed by using an alternate laminated film of cobalt and platinum.

Specific examples of the dye material include porphyrin dyes, cyanine dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, naphthalocyanine dyes, azo dyes, naphthoquinone dyes, fulgide dyes, polymethine dyes, acridine dyes, and the like.
In addition to the materials responsible for recording, the recording layer 12 may include or be laminated with an auxiliary material for the purpose of enhancing recording performance or reproduction performance. For example, by stacking a dielectric material such as ZnS, SiO, SiN, SiC, AlO, AlN, MgF, or ZrO on the above-described recording material, the amount of reproduced light can be increased and the number of rewrites can be improved.

  Here, when mentioning a signal system used for recording on the recording layer 12, that is, user data recording, for example, a so-called (d, k) code modulation signal can be used. Here, the (d, k) modulation signal may be a fixed-length code or a variable-length code. For example, as an example of (d, k) modulation of a fixed length code, EFM, EFM plus (8-16 modulation) with d = 2 and k = 10, and a modulation signal (D8) described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-286709. -15 modulation), d = 1, and k = 9, there is a modulation signal (D4, 6 modulation) described in JP-A-2002-280907. As an example of (d, k) modulation of a variable length code, a modulation signal (1, 7PP modulation) described in JP-A-11-346154 in which d = 1 and k = 7 can be suitably used. .

  Further, the light transmission layer 11 has a function of guiding the converged reproduction light to the recording layer 12 with a small optical distortion. For the light transmitting layer 11, for example, a material having a transmittance of 70% or more, desirably 80% or more at the reproduction wavelength λ can be suitably used. The light transmitting layer 11 has little optical anisotropy, specifically, birefringence of ± 100 nm or less, desirably ± 50 nm or less, more desirably ± 30 nm or less in a 90-degree (vertical) incident double pass. Materials are used. As materials having such properties, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose diacetate, polystyrene, polycarbonate / polystyrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, alicyclic polyolefin, polymethylpentene, and the like can be used.

  The light transmitting layer 11 may have a function of mechanically and chemically protecting the recording layer 12. As a material having such a function, a material having high rigidity can be used. For example, transparent ceramic (for example, soda lime glass, soda aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass), thermosetting resin, energy ray curable resin (For example, ultraviolet curable resin, visible light curable resin, electron beam curable resin) is preferably used. The thickness of the light transmitting layer 11 is preferably 2 mm or less, particularly 1.2 mm or less in order to reduce birefringence (optical anisotropy). In the case where the objective lens 90 is used by being mounted on an information record carrier reproducing apparatus having a numerical aperture NA of 0.7 or more, from the viewpoint of suppressing optical aberration when the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B are inclined, 0. 4 mm or less is desirable, and in particular when NA is 0.85 or more, 0.12 mm or less is desirable. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing scratches on the recording layer 12, 0.02 mm or more is desirable. That is, a desirable range when NA is 0.85 or more is a range of 0.02 to 0.12 mm. Further, the variation in the thickness of one surface is ± 0.003 mm at the maximum, desirably ± 0.002 mm or less. More desirably, it is ± 0.001 mm or less. The light transmitting layer 11 is not limited to a single layer structure as shown in FIG. 12, and may be a stack of a plurality of layers having similar functions.

Further, the information record carrier 1, 1A, 1B of the embodiment of the present invention can be expanded to constitute a multilayer stack information record carrier.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing an information record carrier according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, for example, by laminating the information record carrier 1a in the order of the support 13, the first recording layer 17, the first light transmitting layer 16, the second recording layer 15, and the second light transmitting layer 14, A two-layer information record carrier 1a can be obtained. In this way, different user data can be recorded on the first recording layer 17 and the second recording layer 15, and the recording capacity can be doubled.

The configuration and effects of the information record carrier 1, 1A, 1B, 1a according to the present invention have been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B, and 1a described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13, and various modifications and applications can be made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.

  Further, for example, in the above description, the recording method has been described using the method of directly recording data as it is, but the present invention is not limited to this direct recording. For example, when the data to be recorded is address data, there is a possibility that 0 or 1 continues in the data, and a DC component may occur in the reproduced waveform. In order to avoid this, a method may be adopted in which data is recorded after baseband modulation. That is, 0 and 1 are replaced with another code in advance, and the continuation of 0 and 1 is made a certain value or less. As such a method, Manchester code, PE modulation, MFM modulation, M2 modulation, NRZI modulation, NRZ modulation, RZ modulation, differential modulation, etc. can be used alone or in combination.

As a baseband modulation method particularly suitable for the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B, 1a of the present embodiment, there is Manchester code (biphase modulation). In this method, 2 bits are applied to 1 bit of data to be recorded as shown in FIG.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a change in data before baseband modulation and after baseband modulation.
As shown in the figure, 00 or 11 is assigned to data 0 to be recorded, and 01 or 10 is assigned to data 1. When connecting data, it is necessary to start from the inverted code of the previous code. Examples are given below.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of data change before and after baseband modulation.
As shown in the figure, by baseband modulation, for example, address data “100001” becomes a code string “010011001101”. The original address data is asymmetric data in which four consecutive 0s are included, and the occurrence probability of 0 is twice that of 1. On the other hand, when modulation is performed, the maximum number of consecutive 0s or 1s is two, and the appearance probabilities of 0s and 1s are converted into equal symmetrical data. Since baseband modulation in which the continuation of the same bit is limited to a certain value or less is effective in improving the reading stability, it is a pre-process suitable for handling long address data.

  There is also a method of highly decomposing data and performing distributed recording. For example, this is a recording method in which data is recorded with a combination of data “10X” (X is 0 or 1) in combination with dummy data, and this data string is arranged at regular intervals. Data can be restored by extracting only X with “10” as the data trigger. This method is effective for a format in which a data string to be handled may be read over time.

Further, there are three methods for reproducing data and acquiring a stable clock at the same time.
The first method is to divide the non-parallel meandering groove 201 into two areas in a macro direction (in the time axis direction), and divide it into an area where data is recorded and a single modulation area for extracting a clock. It is a method to do. For example, a single frequency signal of 1 MHz is recorded in the single modulation area. Therefore, data and a clock are generated alternately for reproduction. If the division ratio is a constant value, the reproduction circuit can be simplified and the clock can be generated efficiently. Further, a start bit signal, a stop bit signal, a synchronization signal, etc. for clarifying the division may be recorded at the boundary between these two areas.

As a second method, there is a method of recording data on one of the two side walls 201A and 201B of the non-parallel meandering groove 201 and a clock (single frequency signal) on the other. In this case, both the data and the clock can be generated continuously, but the clock leaks into the data and the signal quality may deteriorate. However, if the clock has a single frequency, it is possible to perform separate reproduction by filtering the reproduction signal.
As a third method, there is a method of superimposing a clock (single frequency signal) on the data itself. In this case, the signal quality is clearly degraded. However, if the frequency is set so that the frequency spectrum of the data and the frequency of the clock are significantly different from each other and are not multiplied by each other, separation and reproduction are facilitated.

Next, an apparatus and a method for manufacturing an information record carrier for forming the fine patterns 100, 101, 102 shown in FIGS. 4, 8, and 10 will be described. Here, taking the case where the fine pattern 102 shown in FIG. 10 is manufactured as an example, the information recording carrier manufacturing apparatus 4 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 16 is a block diagram of an information record carrier manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, an information recording carrier manufacturing apparatus 4 according to the present invention is a manufacturing apparatus that performs recording by irradiating an energy beam onto a blank substrate 5 on which data is to be recorded. Specifically, it comprises at least a controller 500, a data generation unit 501, a signal modulation unit 502, an energy beam source 550, a deflector 551, a relative motion imparting unit 552, a rotation monitor 553, and a support unit 554.

  That is, the information recording carrier manufacturing apparatus 4 of the present invention includes, as will be described later, a data generation unit 501 that generates data to be recorded, a signal modulation unit 502 that outputs modulated data obtained by modulating the data, and a blank. A support unit 554 for supporting the information record carrier in a state, a rotation monitor 553 for monitoring the rotation of the support unit 554, and a radial position of the information record carrier supported by the support unit 554 A relative motion imparting unit 552 that imparts relative motion to the support unit 554, an energy beam source 550 that generates and emits an energy beam, and a deflection energy beam obtained by deflecting the energy beam with the modulated data. And at least a deflector 551 that emits light toward the 554 side. The signal modulation unit 502 controls the transmission timing of the modulation signal supplied to the deflector 551 based on the rotation angle information from the rotation monitor 553.

  Here, the support unit 554 is a unit that can support the blank base 5 while it is at least recorded by energy beam irradiation. Specifically, this table corresponds to a highly polished table, and a fixing mechanism (screwing, vacuum suction, electrostatic suction, etc.) is provided so that the blank base 5 can be placed thereon. The blank substrate 5 installed here has an energy ray sensitive film formed on a flat substrate on at least one surface, and becomes a master for manufacturing the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B, 1a. Here, the energy ray-sensitive film is sensitive to at least irradiation with energy rays to form an uneven pattern. For example, a known resist or pigment can be used. The flat substrate is a substrate whose surface is finished as flat as the optical grade. For example, silicon oxide, AN glass (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), 7913 glass (manufactured by Corning), silicon, molybdenum, tungsten, These alloys (including examples of oxides, nitrides, and carbides) are selected.

  The relative motion imparting unit 552 is a unit that scans when recording the fine patterns 100, 101, and 102, and is connected to at least one of the energy beam source 550 (and the deflector 551) or the support unit 554. As the mechanism, a motor, a linear drive, or the like is used, and rotation, X movement, Y movement, Z movement, or a combined movement thereof is performed. In FIG. 16, the support unit 554 is moved to give rotation and to slide in the X or Y direction at a constant speed to form a spiral. A position monitor may be installed as necessary, and control may be performed according to the monitored position.

The rotation monitor 553 monitors the actual rotation of the rotating support unit 554 in response to the movement of the relative movement applying unit 552. For example, a rotary encoder can be used. It is most preferable to generate a pulse at least once per round and to output the rotation angle in real time.
The energy ray (irradiation) source 550 includes electromagnetic waves (γ rays, X rays, extreme ultraviolet rays, far ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, infrared rays, etc.) and particle rays (α rays, β rays, protons) having a wavelength of 10 to 1500 nm. Radiation, neutron beam, electron beam, etc.). For convenience, electromagnetic waves (light) having a wavelength of 150 to 500 nm can be used.

  The deflector 551 varies the emission angle of the energy beam in accordance with the modulated signal. When the energy beam is light, a known electro-optic crystal element or acousto-optic crystal element can be used. In order to form the non-parallel meandering groove 201, the light from the energy beam irradiation source 550 is branched into two independent light beams that are close to each other, and then input to two electro-optic crystal elements or acousto-optic crystal elements prepared in advance. To do. Since data is prepared in two systems, data from each system is input to each electro-optic crystal element (or acousto-optic crystal element). In this way, the non-parallel meandering groove 201 can be formed at a time.

  In addition, when it is difficult to prepare two independent energy beam beams (for example, when the energy beam is an electron beam), the beam can be scanned at high speed in the groove transverse direction so as to draw with one thin beam. is necessary. In this case, two lines of data are once input to the drawing processing circuit in advance to create an image diagram of the formed non-parallel meandering groove 201. A drawing pattern is calculated in accordance with the contours (side walls 201A and 201B) in the figure, and the scan start position and end position in the groove crossing direction are determined. Scan data is generated by repeating this operation. Based on the scan data, the non-parallel meandering groove 201 can be formed by scanning the deflector (deflecting electrode in the case of an electron beam).

Note that when the linear groove 203 is formed, the deflector 551 does not deflect the beam.
The data generation unit 501 receives the start signal, generates data to be recorded in order of time, and transmits the data.
The signal modulation unit 502 performs modulation based on the received data, sets a voltage according to the specifications of the deflector 551, and sends out a signal.
The controller 500 supervises some or all of the components described above, and gives commands based on user instructions or commands based on the monitoring results in the device. It can be used suitably.
In addition, various parts may be added as necessary. When the energy ray is light, an exposure amount adjuster, an expander, an objective lens, a shutter, and the like may be added.

  Next, a specific method for recording on the blank substrate 5 using the information record carrier manufacturing apparatus 4 will be described. In FIG. 16, the emission of energy rays is indicated by dotted arrows, and the flow of data or instructions is indicated by solid arrows. In the method of manufacturing the information record carrier 1, 1A, 1B, 1a of the present embodiment, the controller 500 instructs the start of data recording based on a user instruction. Specifically, the data generation unit 501 and the relative motion imparting unit 552 are driven. The data generation unit 501 expands the structure of FIG. 10 on one time axis in advance, and transmits data to the signal modulation unit 502 in time order from the inner periphery, for example. Further, for example, in the case of FIG. 4, the data is transmitted after starting from a straight line portion (no signal). And it returns to a straight line part (no signal) again, and repeats this operation | movement after that.

The relative motion giving unit 552 starts giving a relative motion based on an instruction to start data recording. In this case, the support unit 554 is positioned so that the energy rays from the deflector 551 are applied to the inner peripheral portion of the blank base 5 and rotated at a predetermined rotational speed. At the same time, it is controlled so that the energy rays take a spiral locus by moving in one direction on the plane.
The signal modulation unit 502 that has received the signal from the data generation unit 501 performs modulation based on the received data and sends the signal to the deflector 551. Since it is a signal for forming the non-parallel meandering groove 201, it is an analog signal here.

  During recording, information about the rotation angle is supplied from the rotation monitor 553 to the controller 500. Information of one rotation per rotation (hereinafter referred to as 360-degree information) is obtained at least, and is supplied to the controller 500. The controller 500 continuously transfers the rotation angle information or only 360 degree information to the signal modulation unit 502. The signal modulation unit 502 continuously receives data and modulates it, and refers to information on the rotation angle in the process. Reference is made to at least 360-degree information, and the switching position of no signal and address information is compared. Then, delayed transmission or preceding transmission of data is performed in the signal modulation unit 502 so that switching is performed at a correct position. The blank substrate 5 recorded and completed by such a method is stamped by a known method. Furthermore, the information recording carriers 1, 1A, 1B, 1a are completed through a molding process using a stamper.

  As described above, in the method of manufacturing the information record carriers 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B, and 1 a according to the present embodiment, the signal modulation unit 502 transmits the signal sent to the deflector 551 based on the rotation angle information from the rotation monitor 553. Therefore, the information record carrier 1 in which the switching line CX is determined with very high accuracy can be manufactured.

  Heretofore, the information record carriers 1, 1A, 1B, 1a and the manufacturing apparatus 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described in detail. The present invention includes not only the scope described in the claims but also the reproducing method, recording method, and manufacturing method of the information record carrier 1 described in the specification. The computer program for executing the steps of the reproduction method, the recording method, and the manufacturing method is included. Further, it includes a recording / reproducing method that also serves as the above-described recording method and reproducing method. Further, the information recording carrier, the reproducing method and the recording method according to the present invention are also included.

It is a figure which shows the circular information record carrier which is embodiment of the information record carrier which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the card-shaped information record carrier which is embodiment of the information record carrier which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the card-shaped information record carrier which is embodiment of the information record carrier which concerns on this invention. It is a plane enlarged view for demonstrating the plane fine structure of the fine pattern of the information record carrier based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the digital data by which amplitude shift modulation was carried out. It is a figure which shows the digital data by which frequency shift modulation was carried out. It is a figure which shows the digital data by which the phase shift modulation was carried out. It is a top view for demonstrating the planar fine structure of the information recording carrier based on this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the recording / reproducing method of the information record carrier based on this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the planar fine structure of the information recording carrier based on this invention. It is a top view for demonstrating the recording / reproducing method of the information record carrier based on this invention. It is a section lineblock diagram showing the information record carrier concerning the present invention. It is a section lineblock diagram showing the information record carrier concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the change of the data before baseband modulation and after baseband modulation. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the change of the data before baseband modulation and after baseband modulation. It is a block block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the information record carrier based on this invention. It is a plane enlarged view for demonstrating the plane fine structure of the conventional information record carrier.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A, 1B, 1a ... Information record carrier, 4 ... Information record carrier manufacturing apparatus, 5 ... Blank base | substrate, 11 ... Light transmission layer, 12 ... Recording layer, 13 ... Support body, 14 ... 2nd light transmission layer, 15 ... 2nd recording layer, 16 ... 1st light transmission layer, 17 ... 1st recording layer, 90 ... Objective lens, 91 ... Laser beam, 100 ... Fine pattern, 101 ... Fine pattern, 102 ... Fine pattern, 201 ... Non-parallel Serpentine grooves, 201A, 201B ... non-parallel serpentine groove sidewalls, 202 ... inter-groove part, 203 ... linear groove, 300 ... low frequency part, 301 ... high frequency part, 310 ... reverse phase part, 311 ... forward phase part, 320 ... non Amplitude part, 321 ... amplitude part, 500 ... controller, 501 ... data generation unit, 502 ... signal modulation unit, 550 ... energy source, 551 ... deflector, 552 ... relative motion imparting unit, 553 ... rotation Nita, 554 ... support unit, 900 ... fine pattern.

Claims (7)

A serpentine groove in which two side walls facing each other meander independently and a non-meandering groove in which two side walls facing each other do not meander each other have a fine pattern,
In the meandering groove, a meandering of one of the two side walls corresponds to the first information, and a meandering of the other side wall of the two side walls differs from the first information. Respond to information,
The meandering of the one side wall is modulated in the width direction of the meandering groove by modulating the first information by a phase shift method having a fundamental wave of (αsinωt + βcosωt) (where α and β are each 1 or −1). Have
In the meandering of the other side wall, the second information is modulated by a phase shift method in which a fundamental wave is a (γsinωt + δcosωt) wave (where γ and δ are each 1 or −1), and the width of the meandering groove is increased. An information record carrier having another amplitude different from the amplitude. The micropattern includes: the meandering groove and the non-meandering grooves, linear, concentric or spiral in claim 1, wherein the information recording medium, characterized by being arranged alternately. The fine pattern, the meandering channel and said non-meandering grooves, without connecting to each other, linear, concentric or spiral recording information according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged alternately Carrier. The fine pattern, the meandering channel and said non-meandering grooves, according to claim 1, wherein the information recording carrier, characterized in that it is formed in a spiral shape as a series of tracks which are arranged alternately. The fine pattern is provided on a support,
Wherein the on fine patterns, the information recording carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the recording layer and the light passing layer are sequentially provided. A manufacturing apparatus for the information recording carrier for producing the information recording carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A data generation unit for generating data to be recorded;
A signal modulation unit that outputs modulated data obtained by modulating the data;
A support unit for supporting the information record carrier in a blank state;
A rotation monitor for monitoring the rotation of the support unit;
A relative motion imparting unit that imparts relative motion to the support unit in order to change a radial position of the information record carrier supported by the support unit;
An energy ray source that generates and emits energy rays;
A deflector that emits a deflection energy beam obtained by deflecting the energy beam with the modulated data toward the support unit;
The apparatus for manufacturing an information record carrier, wherein the signal modulation unit controls a transmission timing of a modulation signal supplied to the deflector based on rotation angle information from the rotation monitor. A claims 1 to any one method of manufacturing an information recording carrier for producing the information recording carrier according to one of claims 5,
A first step of generating data to be recorded;
A second step of outputting modulated data obtained by modulating the data;
A third step of supporting the information record carrier in a blank state;
A fourth step of imparting relative motion to the information record carrier in order to change the radial position of the supported information record carrier;
A fifth step of generating and emitting energy rays;
And at least a sixth step of emitting a deflection energy beam obtained by deflecting the energy beam with modulated data to the supported information record carrier side,
The sixth step is a step of deflecting the energy beam by controlling a transmission timing of the modulated data based on rotation angle information about which the supported information record carrier rotates. A method for manufacturing a record carrier.

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