JP4613595B2 - Differential equipment - Google Patents

Differential equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4613595B2
JP4613595B2 JP2004354273A JP2004354273A JP4613595B2 JP 4613595 B2 JP4613595 B2 JP 4613595B2 JP 2004354273 A JP2004354273 A JP 2004354273A JP 2004354273 A JP2004354273 A JP 2004354273A JP 4613595 B2 JP4613595 B2 JP 4613595B2
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differential
lubricating oil
case
main body
bearing portion
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JP2006161957A (en
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理 高橋
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H57/0483—Axle or inter-axle differentials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Description

本発明は、プロペラシャフトに連結するピニオン軸を、潤滑油を収容した装置本体ケースに軸受部を介し回転可能に設けるとともに、ピニオン軸に設けたピニオンに噛み合うリングギアをデフケースとともに装置本体ケース内に回転可能に設けたデファレンシャル装置に関する。   According to the present invention, a pinion shaft connected to a propeller shaft is rotatably provided in a device main body case containing lubricating oil via a bearing portion, and a ring gear meshing with the pinion provided on the pinion shaft is provided in the device main body case together with a differential case. The present invention relates to a differential device that is rotatably provided.

自動車のファイナルドライブユニットとして用いられているデファレンシャル装置（例えば下記特許文献１参照）は、プロペラシャフトに連結されるピニオン軸に設けたピニオンにリングギアが噛み合い、差動歯車機構を備えてリングキアが取り付けられるデフケースが、リングギアとともに回転して左右の車軸に動力を伝達する。   In a differential device used as a final drive unit of an automobile (for example, see Patent Document 1 below), a ring gear meshes with a pinion provided on a pinion shaft connected to a propeller shaft, and a ring gear is mounted with a differential gear mechanism. The differential case rotates with the ring gear to transmit power to the left and right axles.

このようなデファレンシャル装置においては、前記したピニオン軸，ピニオン，リングギアおよびデフケースを、潤滑油を収容した装置本体ケース内に収容し、内部の潤滑を行っている。また、ピニオン軸は、軸受部を介して装置本体ケースに回転可能に支持されている。
特開２００１−１４６９６５号公報 In such a differential device, the above-described pinion shaft, pinion, ring gear, and differential case are housed in a device main body case containing lubricating oil to perform internal lubrication. The pinion shaft is rotatably supported by the apparatus main body case via a bearing portion.
JP 2001-146965 A

ところで、装置本体ケース内に収容する潤滑油は、リングギアやデフケースの回転によって掻き上げられ、ユニット内で最も潤滑的に厳しいピニオン軸の軸受部に供給している。   By the way, the lubricating oil accommodated in the apparatus main body case is scraped up by the rotation of the ring gear and the differential case, and is supplied to the bearing portion of the pinion shaft that is the most lubricious in the unit.

ところが、リングギアやデフケースの回転によって、装置本体ケースの底部に滞留している潤滑油を掻き上げているため、この潤滑油の抵抗により、回転部分のフリクションが増大して温度上昇し、自動車の走行性能の悪化を招く。
そこで、本発明は、ユニット内で最も潤滑的に厳しいピニオン軸の軸受部の潤滑性能を所望に確保しつつ、装置本体ケース内に収容した潤滑油によるリングギアやデフケースの回転抵抗を低減することを目的としている。 However, the rotation of the ring gear and differential case causes the lubricating oil staying at the bottom of the device main body case to be lifted up, so the resistance of this lubricating oil increases the friction of the rotating part and increases the temperature. Degradation of driving performance is caused.
Therefore, the present invention reduces the rotational resistance of the ring gear and the differential case due to the lubricant contained in the device body case while ensuring the desired lubrication performance of the bearing part of the pinion shaft that is the most lubricious in the unit. It is an object.

本発明は、プロペラシャフトに連結するピニオン軸を装置本体ケースに対し軸受部を介して回転可能に設けるとともに、前記ピニオン軸に設けたピニオンに噛み合うリングギアを、車軸に連結する差動歯車機構を備えるデフケースとともに前記装置本体ケース内に回転可能に設け、前記装置本体ケース内に収容した潤滑油を、前記リングギアおよびデフケースの回転によって掻き上げて前記ピニオン軸の軸受部に供給するデファレンシャル装置において、前記装置本体ケース内の前記潤滑油が溜まる底部領域を、前記リングギアおよびデフケースの回転によって掻き上げられる前記デフケース側の潤滑油の油面位置が前記ピニオンの回転によって掻き上げられる前記軸受部側の潤滑油の油面位置より低くなるように、前記軸受部側と前記デフケース側との二つの領域に分割したことを最も主要な特徴とする。 The present invention provides a differential gear mechanism for connecting a ring gear engaged with a pinion provided on the pinion shaft to an axle while providing a pinion shaft connected to the propeller shaft rotatably with respect to the apparatus body case via a bearing portion. In the differential device that is rotatably provided in the device main body case together with the differential case that is provided, and the lubricating oil accommodated in the device main body case is scraped up by the rotation of the ring gear and the differential case and is supplied to the bearing portion of the pinion shaft. The oil level position of the lubricating oil on the differential case side that is scraped up by the rotation of the ring gear and the differential case in the bottom region where the lubricating oil accumulates in the apparatus main body case is so as to be lower than the oil surface position of the lubricating oil, the differential and the bearing portion The most important feature that is divided into two regions with over scan side.

本発明によれば、装置本体ケース内の潤滑油が溜まる底部領域を、ピニオン軸の軸受部側とデフケース側との二つの領域に分割したので、掻き上げられて軸受部に供給された潤滑油は軸受部側の領域に溜まることで軸受部の潤滑性能を所望に確保することができ、また軸受部側の領域に潤滑油が溜まることで、デフケース側の領域に溜まる潤滑油の量が相対的に少なくなり、この結果装置本体ケース内に収容した潤滑油によるリングギアやデフケースの回転抵抗を低減させることができ、回転部分のフリクション低減に寄与することができる。   According to the present invention, the bottom region in which the lubricating oil in the apparatus main body case accumulates is divided into two regions, that is, the bearing portion side and the differential case side of the pinion shaft. The desired lubrication performance of the bearing can be secured by collecting in the region on the bearing side, and the amount of lubricating oil collected in the region on the differential case side can be relatively increased by collecting the lubricating oil in the region on the bearing side. As a result, it is possible to reduce the rotational resistance of the ring gear and the differential case due to the lubricating oil contained in the apparatus main body case, thereby contributing to the reduction of friction of the rotating portion.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づき説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態を示す自動車におけるデファレンシャル装置の側面断面図で、図２は、同平面断面図である。なお、図１および図２中で、矢印Ｆで示す方向が車両前方側である。   FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a differential apparatus in an automobile showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the same. 1 and 2, the direction indicated by the arrow F is the vehicle front side.

車両前部に設けてある図示しないエンジンの動力を伝達するプロペラシャフト１の端部には、ピニオン軸３を装着し、ピニオン軸３の端部にはピニオン５を設けている。ピニオン軸３は、装置本体ケース７に対し、軸方向２個所の軸受部９，１１を介して回転可能に支持されている。   A pinion shaft 3 is attached to an end portion of a propeller shaft 1 that transmits power of an engine (not shown) provided in the front portion of the vehicle, and a pinion 5 is provided at an end portion of the pinion shaft 3. The pinion shaft 3 is rotatably supported with respect to the apparatus body case 7 via two bearing portions 9 and 11 in the axial direction.

装置本体ケース７は、上記したピニオン軸３を収容するとともに、ピニオン５に噛み合うリングギア１３および、リングギア１３がボルト１４により取り付けられるデフケース１５を収容し、また内部に潤滑油１７を収容している。   The apparatus main body case 7 accommodates the pinion shaft 3 described above, a ring gear 13 that meshes with the pinion 5, a differential case 15 to which the ring gear 13 is attached by a bolt 14, and a lubricating oil 17 inside. Yes.

デフケース１５は、差動歯車機構１９を収容支持して左右の車軸２１，２３に連結し、各車軸２１，２３の端部には左右の車輪２５，２７をそれぞれ設けている。   The differential case 15 accommodates and supports the differential gear mechanism 19 and is connected to the left and right axles 21 and 23, and left and right wheels 25 and 27 are provided at the ends of the axles 21 and 23, respectively.

そして、図１に示すように、装置本体ケース７の底部における、ピニオン５の車両後方側近傍には、板状の仕切り部材２９を設けている。この仕切り部材２９は、装置本体ケース７内の潤滑油１７が溜まる底部領域を、軸受部９，１１側とデフケース１５側との二つの領域に分割するもので、図３に拡大して示すように、上端部がピニオン５側に向けて屈曲する屈曲部２９ａを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 1, a plate-like partition member 29 is provided near the vehicle rear side of the pinion 5 at the bottom of the apparatus main body case 7. The partition member 29 divides the bottom region where the lubricating oil 17 in the apparatus main body case 7 is accumulated into two regions, that is, the bearing portions 9 and 11 side and the differential case 15 side. As shown in FIG. In addition, a bent portion 29a whose upper end portion is bent toward the pinion 5 side is provided.

次に作用を説明する。エンジンの駆動によりプロペラシャフト１が回転し、この回転に伴ってピニオン軸３およびピニオン５が回転し、さらにピニオン５に噛み合っているリングギア１３がデフケース１５とともに、車両前進時には図１中の矢印Ｒで示す方向に回転する。デフケース１５の回転によって左右の車軸２１，２３が回転し、左右の車輪２５，２７に動力が伝達される。   Next, the operation will be described. The propeller shaft 1 is rotated by driving the engine, the pinion shaft 3 and the pinion 5 are rotated along with this rotation, and the ring gear 13 meshing with the pinion 5 together with the differential case 15 and the arrow R in FIG. Rotate in the direction indicated by. The left and right axles 21 and 23 are rotated by the rotation of the differential case 15, and power is transmitted to the left and right wheels 25 and 27.

このような動力伝達過程において、リングギア１３およびデフケース１５の上記した矢印Ｒ方向への回転により、装置本体ケース７内の潤滑油１７が、図１中の矢印Ａで示すように、デフケース１５のピニオン５と反対側を通って掻き上げられてデフケース１５の上部に達し、その後矢印Ｂのようにピニオン軸３に向かって流れ、その軸受部９，１１に供給されて潤滑的に厳しい軸受部９，１１が潤滑される。   In such a power transmission process, due to the rotation of the ring gear 13 and the differential case 15 in the direction of the arrow R described above, the lubricating oil 17 in the apparatus main body case 7 causes the differential case 15 to move as shown by the arrow A in FIG. It is scraped up through the opposite side of the pinion 5 and reaches the upper portion of the differential case 15, and then flows toward the pinion shaft 3 as indicated by an arrow B, and is supplied to the bearing portions 9 and 11 to be lubriciously strict. 11 are lubricated.

軸受部９，１１に供給された潤滑油は、装置本体ケース７の底部に流れ落ち、仕切り部材２９よりピニオン５側の領域に、油溜まり３１となって溜まることとなる。   The lubricating oil supplied to the bearing portions 9 and 11 flows down to the bottom of the apparatus body case 7 and accumulates as an oil sump 31 in a region on the pinion 5 side from the partition member 29.

これにより、仕切り部材２９よりデフケース１５側の領域に溜まる潤滑油の量が、潤滑油の総量を仕切り部材２９を設けない従来のものと同等とした場合に、仕切り部材２９よって油溜まり３１に溜まる分だけ減少し、潤滑油を掻き上げる際に回転するリングギア１３およびデフケース１５の回転抵抗を少なくすることができ、その結果回転部分のフリクションが低減して温度上昇を抑え、自動車の走行性能の悪化を防止することができる。   As a result, when the amount of lubricating oil collected in the region closer to the differential case 15 than the partition member 29 is equivalent to the conventional amount in which the total amount of lubricating oil is not provided with the partition member 29, the amount of lubricating oil is accumulated in the oil reservoir 31 by the partition member 29. The rotational resistance of the ring gear 13 and the differential case 15 that rotate when the lubricating oil is scraped off can be reduced, and as a result, the friction of the rotating part is reduced, the temperature rise is suppressed, and the running performance of the automobile is reduced. Deterioration can be prevented.

また、油溜まり３１に溜めた潤滑油は、ピニオン５の回転によって掻き上げられ、各部を潤滑する。   The lubricating oil stored in the oil reservoir 31 is scraped up by the rotation of the pinion 5 and lubricates each part.

なお、図１中の破線Ｐで示す水平位置が、静止時（エンジン停止時）での潤滑剤の油面位置であり、この状態からリングギア１３およびデフケース１５の回転によって潤滑油が掻き上げられ、デフケース１５側の領域に溜まる潤滑油の量が、掻き上げられた分減少し、このデフケース１５側の領域の油面が、仕切り部材２９の上端位置より下がる。しかし、仕切り部材２９によって、ピニオン５側の領域には油溜まり３１が存在するので、掻き上げられてピニオン軸３側に供給される潤滑油の量が少なくても、潤滑的に厳しいピニオン軸３の軸受部９，１１の潤滑性能を所望に確保することができる。   The horizontal position indicated by the broken line P in FIG. 1 is the oil level position of the lubricant when it is stationary (when the engine is stopped). From this state, the lubricant is scraped up by the rotation of the ring gear 13 and the differential case 15. The amount of lubricating oil that accumulates in the region on the differential case 15 side is reduced by the amount scooped up, and the oil level in the region on the differential case 15 side is lowered from the upper end position of the partition member 29. However, since the oil reservoir 31 is present in the region on the pinion 5 side by the partition member 29, even if the amount of lubricating oil that is scraped up and supplied to the pinion shaft 3 side is small, the pinion shaft 3 that is severely lubricated The lubricating performance of the bearing portions 9 and 11 can be ensured as desired.

また、仕切り部材２９の上部を軸受部９，１１側に向けて屈曲させる屈曲部２９ａを設けているので、特に高回転時には勢いよく流れてくる潤滑油を、効率よく油溜まり３１内に収めることができ、軸受部９，１１の潤滑性能の確保および、リングギア１３およびデフケース１５の回転抵抗低減を、より確実に達成することができる。   In addition, since the bent portion 29a that bends the upper portion of the partition member 29 toward the bearing portions 9 and 11 is provided, the lubricating oil that flows vigorously, particularly during high rotation, can be efficiently stored in the oil reservoir 31. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably achieve the lubrication performance of the bearing portions 9 and 11 and reduce the rotational resistance of the ring gear 13 and the differential case 15.

さらに、仕切り部材２９の高さ寸法を、軸受部９，１１側の領域の油溜まり３１に溜める潤滑油の量が、装置本体ケース７内に収容する潤滑油の総量の少なくとも１％となるように設定することで、潤滑的に厳しい軸受部９，１１の潤滑性能を確保しつつ、リングギア１３およびデフケース１５の回転抵抗を減少する作用効果を確実なものとすることができる。   Further, the height of the partition member 29 is set so that the amount of lubricating oil stored in the oil reservoir 31 in the region on the bearing portions 9 and 11 side is at least 1% of the total amount of lubricating oil accommodated in the apparatus body case 7. Thus, the effect of reducing the rotational resistance of the ring gear 13 and the differential case 15 can be ensured while ensuring the lubrication performance of the bearing portions 9 and 11 that are strict in terms of lubrication.

本発明の一実施形態を示すデファレンシャル装置の側面断面図である。It is side surface sectional drawing of the differential apparatus which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 図１のデファレンシャル装置の平面断面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the differential device of FIG. 1. 図１のデファレンシャル装置に設けた仕切り部材の拡大した断面図である。It is sectional drawing to which the partition member provided in the differential apparatus of FIG. 1 was expanded.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ プロペラシャフト
３ ピニオン軸
５ ピニオン
７ 装置本体ケース
９，１１ 軸受部
１３ リングギア
１５ デフケース
１７ 潤滑油
１９ 差動歯車機構
２１，２３ 車軸
２９ 仕切り部材
２９ａ 仕切り部材の屈曲部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Propeller shaft 3 Pinion shaft 5 Pinion 7 Apparatus body case 9, 11 Bearing part 13 Ring gear 15 Differential case 17 Lubricating oil 19 Differential gear mechanism
21, 23 Axle 29 Partition member 29a Bent part of partition member

Claims (5)

プロペラシャフトに連結するピニオン軸を装置本体ケースに対し軸受部を介して回転可能に設けるとともに、前記ピニオン軸に設けたピニオンに噛み合うリングギアを、車軸に連結する差動歯車機構を備えるデフケースとともに前記装置本体ケース内に回転可能に設け、前記装置本体ケース内に収容した潤滑油を、前記リングギアおよびデフケースの回転によって掻き上げて前記ピニオン軸の軸受部に供給するデファレンシャル装置において、前記装置本体ケース内の前記潤滑油が溜まる底部領域を、前記リングギアおよびデフケースの回転によって掻き上げられる前記デフケース側の潤滑油の油面位置が前記ピニオンの回転によって掻き上げられる前記軸受部側の潤滑油の油面位置より低くなるように、前記軸受部側と前記デフケース側との二つの領域に分割したことを特徴とするデファレンシャル装置。 A pinion shaft connected to the propeller shaft is rotatably provided to the apparatus main body case via a bearing portion, and a ring gear meshing with the pinion provided on the pinion shaft is connected to the differential case including a differential gear mechanism connected to the axle. In the differential apparatus, wherein the apparatus main body case is rotatably provided in the apparatus main body case, and the lubricating oil accommodated in the apparatus main body case is scraped up by rotation of the ring gear and the differential case and is supplied to the bearing portion of the pinion shaft. In the bottom region where the lubricating oil accumulates, the oil surface position of the lubricating oil on the differential case side that is scraped up by the rotation of the ring gear and the differential case is scraped up by the rotation of the pinion. as it is lower than the surface position, with the bearing portion side and the differential case side Differential apparatus characterized by divided into two regions. 前記軸受部側と前記デフケース側との間に仕切り部材を設けることで、前記装置本体ケース内の前記潤滑油が溜まる底部領域を、前記軸受部側と前記デフケース側との二つの領域に分割したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のデファレンシャル装置。   By providing a partition member between the bearing portion side and the differential case side, the bottom region where the lubricating oil is accumulated in the apparatus main body case is divided into two regions, the bearing portion side and the differential case side. The differential apparatus according to claim 1. 前記仕切り部材の上部を前記軸受部側に屈曲させたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載のデファレンシャル装置。   The differential apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an upper portion of the partition member is bent toward the bearing portion. 前記仕切り部材の高さ寸法は、前記軸受部側の領域に溜める潤滑油の量が、前記装置本体ケース内に収容する潤滑油の総量の少なくとも１％となるように設定したことを特徴とする請求項２または３に記載のデファレンシャル装置。   The height dimension of the partition member is set so that the amount of lubricating oil stored in the region on the bearing portion side is at least 1% of the total amount of lubricating oil stored in the apparatus main body case. The differential device according to claim 2 or 3. 前記リングギアおよびデフケースの回転によって前記軸受部に供給される潤滑油は、前記装置本体ケースの底部から、前記デフケースの前記ピニオン軸と反対側を通りデフケースの上部を経て前記軸受部に供給されることを特徴とする請求項１ないし４のいずれか１項に記載のデファレンシャル装置。
Lubricating oil supplied to the bearing portion by the rotation of the ring gear and the differential case is supplied from the bottom of the apparatus main body case to the bearing portion through the side opposite to the pinion shaft of the differential case and the upper portion of the differential case. The differential apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the differential apparatus is a differential apparatus.
JP2004354273A 2004-12-07 2004-12-07 Differential equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4613595B2 (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54135432U (en) * 1978-03-14 1979-09-20
JPS60175951U (en) * 1984-04-28 1985-11-21 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Bearing structure of gear shaft of drive gear
JPS6127368A (en) * 1984-07-17 1986-02-06 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Final drive lubricator
JPS6246858U (en) * 1985-09-12 1987-03-23
JPS6324451U (en) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-18
JPH0260759U (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-07
JPH0262157U (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-09
JP2602994Y2 (en) * 1990-06-05 2000-02-07 日産自動車株式会社 Lubricating oil passage structure in gear case

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0324925Y2 (en) * 1985-05-23 1991-05-30

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54135432U (en) * 1978-03-14 1979-09-20
JPS60175951U (en) * 1984-04-28 1985-11-21 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Bearing structure of gear shaft of drive gear
JPS6127368A (en) * 1984-07-17 1986-02-06 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Final drive lubricator
JPS6246858U (en) * 1985-09-12 1987-03-23
JPS6324451U (en) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-18
JPH0260759U (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-07
JPH0262157U (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-09
JP2602994Y2 (en) * 1990-06-05 2000-02-07 日産自動車株式会社 Lubricating oil passage structure in gear case

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