JP4605744B2 - Polyurethane paste composition and sealing material - Google Patents

Description

【００４８】
ここに、ΔＥ、Ｖ：それぞれ凝集エネルギー密度、モル体積。
Δｅ_i、Δｖ_i：それぞれ原子または原子団の蒸発エネルギー、モル体積。
但し、Ｔｇ＞２５℃の樹脂についてはモル体積に次の値が加算される。
ｎ＜３のとき、＋Δｖｉ＝４ｎ
ｎ≧３のとき、＋Δｖｉ＝２ｎ
ここに、ｎ：ポリマーの最少繰返し単位中の主鎖骨格原子の数。
【００４９】
本発明において使用される可塑剤（Ｂ）としては、何ら限定されず、以下のものが例示される。
（Ｂ１）フタル酸エステル［フタル酸ジブチル（ＳＰ値９．４、融点−３５℃）、フタル酸ジオクチル（ＳＰ値８．９、融点−５５℃）、フタル酸ブチルベンジル（ＳＰ値１０．７、融点−４０℃）、フタル酸ジイソデシル（ＳＰ値８．２、融点−２１℃）等］；
（Ｂ２）脂肪族２塩基酸エステル［アジピン酸ジ−２−エチルヘキシル（ＳＰ値８．６、融点−７０℃）、セバシン酸−２−エチルヘキシル（ＳＰ値８．６、融点−６２℃）等］；
（Ｂ３）トリメリット酸エステル［トリメリット酸トリ−２−エチルヘキシル（ＳＰ値９．５、融点−３０℃）等］；
（Ｂ４）燐酸エステル［リン酸トリ−２−エチルヘキシル（ＳＰ値９．２、融点−７０℃）、リン酸トリクレジール（ＳＰ値９．９、融点−３５℃）、リン酸−２−エチルヘキシルジフェニル（ＳＰ値１０．０、融点−５４℃）等］；
（Ｂ５）ポリアルキルエーテル安息香酸ジエステル［ポリエチレングリコール安息香酸ジエステル（ＳＰ値１０．９〜１０．４）、ポリプロピレングリコール安息香酸ジエステル（ＳＰ値１０．２〜９．０）等］；
（Ｂ６）およびこれらの２種以上の混合物が挙げられる。
このうち好ましいものはフタル酸エステル（Ｂ１）および燐酸エステル（Ｂ４）およびポリアルキルエーテル安息香酸ジエステル（Ｂ５）である。
【００５０】
該可塑剤（Ｂ）のＳＰ値と前記微粒子（Ａ）のＳＰ値の絶対値の差は、（Ｂ）と（Ａ）との相溶性の観点より、通常２．５以下であり、好ましくは２．０以下である。
【００５１】
該可塑剤（Ｂ）の融点は、低温での流動性の観点より、通常０℃以下、好ましくは−３０〜−５０℃またはそれ以下である。
【００５２】
本発明において、充填剤（Ｃ）としては、無機粉体（重質炭酸カルシウム、軽質炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、タルク、マイカ、ベントナイト、クレー、セリサイト、アスベスト、金属粉末、セラミック粉末、ゼオライト、スレート粉、ガラス粉）、バルーン類（ガラスバルーン、セラッミクバルーン、シラスバルーン、）、樹脂粉末（アクリル樹脂粉、フェノール樹脂粉、エポキシ樹脂粉、アスファルト粉末、石炭粉）、無機繊維類（ガラス繊維、炭素繊維）、有機繊維類（アラミド繊維、ナイロン繊維、アクリル繊維）が例示される。
粉体（粉末）の場合、（Ｃ）の粒径は、ウレタン樹脂組成物の流動性の観点より、０．０１〜２００μｍが好ましい。
【００５３】
本発明において使用される接着性付与剤（Ｄ）又は硬化剤（Ｄ’）は、ウレタンプレポリマーのブロック化物（Ｘ）と、イソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基を１分子中に２個以上有する化合物（ｙ）とからなる。さらにブロック化物（Ｘ）はウレタンプレポリマー（ｘ１）とブロック化剤（ｘ２）とからなる。
【００５４】
該（ｘ１）は前出のウレタン樹脂微粒子（Ａ）で例示したウレタンプレポリマー（ａ０）と同様のものが使用できる。
好ましくは、ポリエーテルジオールの両水酸基末端と芳香族系ポリイソシアネートを反応させて製造されるウレタンプレポリマーであり、さらに好ましくはポリプロピレングリコール（分子量４００）の両水酸基末端とトルイレンジイソシアネートを反応させて製造したウレタンプレポリマーである。
【００５５】
上記（ｘ２）としては、オキシム類［アセトオキシム、メチルイソブチルケトオキシム、ジエチルケトオキシム、シクロペンタノンオキシム、シクロヘキサノンオキシム、メチルエチルケトオキシム等］；ラクタム類［γ−ブチロラクタム、ε−カプロラクタム、δ−バレロラクタム等］；炭素数１〜２０の脂肪族アルコール類［エタノール、メタノール、オクタノール等］；フェノール類［フェノール、ｍ−クレゾール、キシレノール、ノニルフェノール等］；活性メチレン化合物［アセチルアセトン、マロン酸エチル、アセト酢酸エチル等］；塩基性チッソ含有化合物［Ｎ，Ｎ−ジエチルヒドロキシルアミン、２−ヒドロキシピリジン、ピリジンＮ−オキサイド、２−メルカプトピリジン等］；およびこれらの２種以上の混合物が挙げられる。
これらのうち好ましいのはオキシム類であり、特に好ましいものはメチルエチルケトオキシムである。
【００５６】
イソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基を１分子中に２個以上有する化合物（ｙ又はＺ）としては、水酸基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、または活性メチレン基を有する化合物が例示される。該化合物の数平均分子量は、好ましくは３００以上５０００以下、さらに好ましくは４００以上１０００以下である。
【００５７】
水酸基を有する化合物としては、前出の高分子ジオール（ａ２）及び低分子ジオール（ａ３）が例示される。該（ａ２）として好ましいものは 低分子ジオールにＡＯが付加したものであり、さらに好ましいものは脂肪族ジオールにＥＯが付加したものである。また、該（ａ３）として好ましいものは１，４−ブタンジオールである。
【００５８】
アミノ基を有する化合物としてはポリアミン類およびアミノアルコール類があげられる。
【００５９】
ポリアミン類としては、
（１）脂肪族ポリアミン類（Ｃ₂〜Ｃ₁₈）：脂肪族ポリアミン、たとえばＣ₂〜Ｃ₆ アルキレンジアミン〔エチレンジアミン、プロピレンジアミン、トリメチレンジアミン、テトラメチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミンなど〕、ポリアルキレン（Ｃ₂〜Ｃ₆）ポリアミン〔ジエチレントリアミン、イミノビスプロピルアミン、ビス（ヘキサメチレン）トリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、ペンタエチレンヘキサミンなど〕、これらのアルキル（Ｃ₁〜Ｃ₄）またはヒドロキシアルキル（Ｃ₂〜Ｃ₄）置換体〔ジアルキル（Ｃ₁〜Ｃ₃）アミノプロピルアミン、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジアミン、アミノエチルエタノールアミン、メチルイミノビスプロピルアミンなど〕；脂環または複素環含有脂肪族ポリアミン、たとえば３，９−ビス（３−アミノプロピル）−２，４，８，１０−テトラオキサスピロ［５，５］ウンデカンなど；芳香環含有脂肪族アミン類（Ｃ₈ 〜Ｃ₁₅）、たとえばキシリレンジアミン、テトラクロル−ｐ−キシリレンジアミンなど；
（２）脂環式ポリアミン（Ｃ₄ 〜Ｃ₁₅）、たとえば１，３−ジアミノシクロヘキサン、イソホロンジアミン、メンタンジアミン、４，４’−メチレンジシクロヘキサンジアミン（水添メチレンジアニリン）など；
（３）複素環式ポリアミン（Ｃ₄ 〜Ｃ₁₅）たとえばピペラジン、Ｎ−アミノエチルピペラジン、１，４−ジアミノエチルピペラジンなど；
【００６０】
（４）芳香族ポリアミン類（Ｃ₆ 〜Ｃ₂₀）：非置換芳香族ポリアミン、たとえば１，２−、１，３−および１，４−フェニレンジアミン、２，４’−および４，４’−ジフェニルメタンジアミン、クルードジフェニルメタンジアミン［ポリフェニルポリメチレンポリアミン］、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、ベンジジン、チオジアニリン、ビス（３，４−ジアミノフェニル）スルホン、２，６−ジアミノピリジン、ｍ−アミノベンジルアミン、トリフェニルメタン−４，４’，４”−トリアミン、ナフチレンジアミン；
核置換アルキル基（たとえばメチル、エチル、ｎ−およびｉ−プロピル、ブチルなどのＣ₁〜Ｃ₄アルキル基）を有する芳香族ポリアミン、たとえば２，４−および２，６−トリレンジアミン、クルードトリレンジアミン、ジエチルトリレンジアミン、４，４’−ジアミノ−３，３’−ジメチルジフェニルメタン、４，４’−ビス（ｏ−トルイジン）、ジアニシジン、ジアミノジトリルスルホン、１，３−ジメチル−２，４−ジアミノベンゼン、１，３−ジエチル−２，４−ジアミノベンゼン、１，３−ジメチル−２，６−ジアミノベンゼン、１，４−ジエチル−２，５−ジアミノベンゼン、１，４−ジイソプロピル−２，５−ジアミノベンゼン、１，４−ジブチル−２，５−ジアミノベンゼン、２，４−ジアミノメシチレン、１，３，５−トリエチル−２，４−ジアミノベンゼン、１，３，５−トリイソプロピル−２，４−ジアミノベンゼン、１−メチル−３，５−ジエチル−２，４−ジアミノベンゼン、１−メチル−３，５−ジエチル−２，６−ジアミノベンゼン、２，３−ジメチル−１，４−ジアミノナフタレン、２，６−ジメチル−１，５−ジアミノナフタレン、２，６−ジイソプロピル−１，５−ジアミノナフタレン、２，６−ジブチル−１，５−ジアミノナフタレン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラメチルベンジジン、３，３’，５，５’−テトライソプロピルベンジジン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラメチル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラエチル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，３’，５，５’−テトライソプロピル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラブチル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，５−ジエチル−３’−メチル−２’，４−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，５−ジイソプロピル−３’−メチル−２’，４−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、３，３’−ジエチル−２，２’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、４，４’−ジアミノ−３，３’−ジメチルジフェニルメタン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラエチル−４，４’−ジアミノベンゾフェノン、３，３’，５，５’−テトライソプロピル−４，４’−ジアミノベンゾフェノン、３，３’，５，５’−テトラエチル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、３，３’，５，５’−テトライソプロピル−４，４’−ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、これらの異性体の種々の割合の混合物；
核置換電子吸引基（たとえばＣｌ、Ｂｒ、Ｉ、Ｆなどのハロゲン；メトキシ、エトキシなどのアルコキシ基；ニトロ基など）を有する芳香族ポリアミン、たとえばメチレンビス−ｏ−クロロアニリン、４−クロロ−ｏ−フェニレンジアミン、２−クロル−１，４−フェニレンジアミン、３−アミノ−４−クロロアニリン、４−ブロモ−１，３−フェニレンジアミン、２，５−ジクロル−１，４−フェニレンジアミン、５−ニトロ−１，３−フェニレンジアミン、３−ジメトキシ−４−アミノアニリン；４，４’−ジアミノ−３，３’−ジメチル−５，５’−ジブロモ−ジフェニルメタン、３，３’−ジクロロベンジジン、３，３’−ジメトキシベンジジン、ビス（４−アミノ−３−クロロフェニル）オキシド、ビス（４−アミノ−２−クロロフェニル）プロパン、ビス（４−アミノ−２−クロロフェニル）スルホン、ビス（４−アミノ−３−メトキシフェニル）デカン、ビス（４−アミノフェニル）スルフイド、ビス（４−アミノフェニル）テルリド、ビス（４−アミノフェニル）セレニド、ビス（４−アミノ−３−メトキシフェニル）ジスルフイド、４，４’−メチレンビス（２−ヨードアニリン）、４，４’−メチレンビス（２−ブロモアニリン）、４，４’−メチレンビス（２−フルオロアニリン）、４−アミノフェニル−２−クロロアニリン；
２級アミノ基を有する芳香族ポリアミン［上記芳香族ポリアミンの−ＮＨ₂の一部または全部が−ＮＨ−Ｒ’（Ｒ’はアルキル基たとえばメチル、エチルなどの低級アルキル基）で置き換ったもの］たとえば４，４’−ジ（メチルアミノ）ジフェニルメタン、１−メチル−２−メチルアミノ−４−アミノベンゼン；
【００６１】
（５）ポリアミドポリアミン［たとえばジカルボン酸（ダイマー酸など）と過剰の（酸１モル当り２モル以上の）ポリアミン類（上記アルキレンジアミン、ポリアルキレンポリアミンなど）との縮合により得られる低分子量ポリアミドポリアミン］；
（６）ポリエーテルポリアミン［ポリエーテルポリオール（ポリアルキレングリコールなど）のシアノエチル化物の水素化物］；
（７）シアノエチル化ポリアミン［たとえばアクリロニトリルとポリアミン類（上記アルキレンジアミン、ポリアルキレンポリアミンなど）との付加反応により得られるシアノエチル化ポリアミン、たとえばビスシアノエチルジエチレントリアミンなど］
（８）ヒドラジン類（ヒドラジン、モノアルキルヒドラジンなど）、ジヒドラジッド類（コハク酸ジヒドラジッド、アジピン酸ジヒドラジッド、イソフタル酸ジヒドラジッド、テレフタル酸ジヒドラジッドなど）、グアニジン類（ブチルグアニジン、１−シアノグアニジンなど）；およびジシアンジアミドなど；ならびにこれらの２種以上の混合物が挙げられる。
これらのポリアミン類のうちで好ましいのは、ポリアミドポリアミンである。
【００６２】
アミノアルコール類としては、アルカノールアミン類、たとえばモノ−、ジ−およびトリ−のアルカノールアミン（モノエタノールアミン、モノイソプロパノールアミン、モノブタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、トリプロパノールアミンなど）；これらのアルキル（Ｃ₁〜Ｃ₄）置換体〔Ｎ，Ｎ−ジアルキルモノアルカノールアミン（Ｎ，Ｎ−ジメチルエタノールアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジエチルエタノールアミンなど）、Ｎ−アルキルジアルカノールアミン（Ｎ−メチルジエタノールアミン、Ｎ−ブチルジエタノールアミンなど）〕；およびこれらのジメチル硫酸あるいはベンジルクロリドなどの４級化剤による窒素原子４級化物があげられる。
これらのうちで好ましいのはモノエタノールアミンである。
【００６３】
エポキシ基を含む化合物としては、脂肪族系、脂環族系、複素環系あるいは芳香族系のいずれであってよい。
【００６４】
芳香族系としては、多価フェノールのグリシジルエーテル体およびグリシジル芳香族ポリアミンが挙げられる。
多価フェノールのグリシジルエーテル体としては、ビスフェノールＦジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールＡジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールＢジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールＡＤジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールＳジグリシジルエーテル、ハロゲン化ビスフェノールＡジグリシジルエーテル、テトラクロロビスフェノールＡジグリシジルエーテル、カテキンジグリシジルエーテル、レゾルシノールジグリシジルエーテル、ハイドロキノンジグリシジルエーテル、ピロガロールトリグリシジルエーテル、１，５−ジヒドロキシナフタリンジグリシジルエーテル、ジヒドロキシビフェニルジグリシジルエーテル、オクタクロロ−４，４’−ジヒドロキシビフェニルジグリシジルエーテル、フェノールまたはクレゾールノボラック樹脂のグリシジルエーテル体、ビスフェノールＡ２モルとエピクロロヒドリン３モルの反応から得られるジグリシジルエーテル体、フェノールとグリオキザール、グルタールアルデヒド、またはホルムアルデヒドの縮合反応によって得られるポリフェノールのポリグリシジルエーテル体、およびレゾルシンとアセトンの縮合反応によって得られるポリフェノールのポリグリシジルエーテル体が挙げられる。
グリシジル芳香族ポリアミンとしては、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジグリシジルアニリンおよびＮ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’−テトラグリシジルジフェニルメタンジアミンが挙げられる。
さらに、本発明において前記芳香族系として、トリレンジイソシアネートまたはジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートとグリシドールの付加反応によって得られるジグリシジルウレタン化合物、前記２反応物にポリオールも反応させて得られるグリシジル基含有ポリウレタン（プレ）ポリマーおよびビスフェノールＡのアルキレンオキシド（エチレンオキシドまたはプロピレンオキシド）付加物のジグリシジルエーテル体も含む。
【００６５】
複素環系としては、トリスグリシジルメラミンが挙げられる。
【００６６】
脂環族系としては、ビニルシクロヘキセンジオキシド、リモネンジオキシド、ジシクロペンタジエンジオキシド、ビス（２，３−エポキシシクロペンチル）エーテル、エチレングリコールビスエポキシジシクロペンチルエール、３，４−エポキシ−６−メチルシクロヘキシルメチル−３’，４’−エポキシ−６’−メチルシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、ビス（３，４−エポキシ−６−メチルシクロヘキシルメチル）アジペート、およびビス（３，４−エポキシ−６−メチルシクロヘキシルメチル）ブチルアミンが挙げられる。また、脂環族系としては、前記芳香族系ポリエポキシド化合物の核水添化物も含む。
【００６７】
脂肪族系としては、多価脂肪族アルコールのポリグリシジルエーテル体、多価脂肪酸のポリグリシジルエステル体、およびグリシジル脂肪族アミンが挙げられる。
多価脂肪族アルコールのポリグリシジルエーテル体としては、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、テトラメチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、トリメチロールプロパントリグリシジルエーテル、ペンタエリスリトールテトラグリシジルエーテル、およびソルビトールポリグリシジルエーテルが挙げられる。
多価脂肪酸のポリグリシジルエステル体としては、ジグリシジルアジペートが挙げられる。
グリシジル脂肪族アミンとしては、Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’−テトラグリシジルヘキサメチレンジアミンが挙げられる。
また、本発明において脂肪族系としては、グリシジル（メタ）アクリレートの（共）重合体も含む。
【００６８】
これらのうち、好ましいのはビスフェノールＡジグリシジルエーテルである。
【００６９】
活性メチレン基を有する化合物としては、アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート等の活性メチレン基含有α、β−不飽和化合物の単独重合体または共重合体などが例示される。
【００７０】
水酸基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、または活性メチレン基を有する化合物などのイソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基を一分子中に２個以上有する化合物は（ｙ又はＺ）は、一種単独でも使用することもできるし、二種以上を組み合わせて使用することもできる。
【００７１】
接着性付与剤（Ｄ）中の（ｙ）のイソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基１当量に対するウレタンプレポリマーのブロック化物（Ｘ）中のブロック化されたイソシアネート基との当量比は、接着性の観点からは、好ましくは０．５以上、さらに好ましくは０．９以上、好ましくは５以下、さらに好ましくは３以下、最も好ましくは１．１以下である。
【００７２】
また、接着性付与剤（Ｄ）中の（ｙ）のイソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基１当量に対するウレタンプレポリマーのブロック化物（Ｘ）中のブロック化されたイソシアネート基との当量比は、残存アミン価の観点からは、好ましくは１．１を越え、さらに好ましくは１．２以上、最も好ましくは１・３以上であり、接着性の観点から好ましくは２０以下、さらに好ましくは５以下、最も好ましくは３以下である。
【００７３】
また、（Ｚ）のイソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基１当量に対する上記（Ｘ）中のブロック化されたイソシアネート基との当量比は、硬化物物性（破断強度、破断伸び）の点からは、好ましくは５〜０．５当量、さらに好ましくは３〜０．９当量であり、特に好ましくは、２〜１．１当量である。
【００７４】
本発明（ｉ）のポリウレタンペースト組成物において、微粒子（Ａ）に対する可塑剤（Ｂ）、充填剤（Ｃ）および接着性付与剤（Ｄ）の配合割合は、次のとおりである。すなわち：
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｂ）は、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは５０重量部以上、さらに好ましくは７０重量部以上であり、破断強度の観点から好ましくは３００重量部以下、さらに好ましくは２００重量部以下である。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｃ）は、固化物硬度の観点から好ましくは１重量部以上、さらに好ましくは５０重量部以上であり、破断伸びの観点から好ましくは３００重量部以下、さらに好ましくは２００重量部以下である。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｄ）は、接着性の観点から好ましくは１重量部以上、さらに好ましくは５重量部以上であり、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは１００重量部以下、さらに好ましくは３０重量部以下である。
（Ｄ）は、ポリオールと有機イソシアネートからなるウレタンプレポリマーのブロック化物（Ｘ）と、イソシアネート基と反応し得る官能基を１分子中に２個以上有する化合物（ｙ）とからなる。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｘ）は、接着性の観点から好ましくは０．９重量部以上、さらに好ましくは１．５重量部以上であり、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは９０重量部以下、さらに好ましくは２０重量部以下である。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（ｙ）は、接着性の観点から好ましくは０．１重量部以上、さらに好ましくは０．５重量部以上であり、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは１０重量部以下、さらに好ましくは５重量部以下である。
【００７５】
本発明（ii）のペースト組成物において、微粒子（Ａ）に対する可塑剤（Ｂ）および充填剤（Ｃ）および接着性付与剤（Ｄ）の配合割合は、本発明の（ｉ）ペースト組成物について上に規定したのと同一であるが、（Ａ）に対する（Ｘ）及び（ｙ）の量比は次のとおりである。すなわち：
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｘ）は、接着性の観点から好ましくは０．９重量部以上、さらに好ましくは２重量部以上であり、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは９０重量部以下、さらに好ましくは３０重量部以下である。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（ｙ）は、接着性の観点から好ましくは０．１重量部以上、さらに好ましくは０．３重量部以上であり、ペースト粘度の観点から好ましくは１０重量部以下、さらに好ましくは３重量部以下である。
【００７６】
本発明（iii）のウレタン樹脂組成物において、微粒子（Ａ）に対する可塑剤（Ｂ）、充填剤（Ｃ）及び硬化剤（Ｄ’）の配合割合は、次のとおりである。すなわち：
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｂ）は、１００重量部以上、好ましくは２００重量部以上であり、１０００重量部以下、好ましくは４００重量部以下である。
（Ｂ）が１００重量部より少ないと、ペースト粘度が高く塗工し難くなり、（Ｂ）が１０００重量部より多いと十分な破断強度が達成できなくなる。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｃ）は、１重量部以上、好ましくは１００重量部以上であり、１０００重量部以下、好ましくは３００重量部以下である。（Ｃ）が１重量部より小さいと、塗工時の粘度調整がし難く、１０００重量部より多いと破断伸びが大幅に低下する。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｄ’）は、１００重量部を越え、好ましくは１１０重量部以上、さらに好ましくは１５０重量部以上であり、６００重量部以下、好ましくは４００重量部以下である。（Ｄ’）が１００重量部以下であると十分な破断強度が達成できず、６００重量部より多いと相対的に（Ａ）が少なくなるため、加熱時のタレ止め性能が低下する。
（Ｄ’）はポリオールと有機イソシアネートからなるウレタンプレポリマーのブロック化物（Ｘ）と、イソシアネート基と反応し得る官能基を１分子中に２個以上有する化合物（Ｚ）とからなる。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｘ）は、９０重量部を越え、好ましくは１００重量部以上、さらに好ましくは１５０重量部以上であり、３００重量部以下、好ましくは２００重量部以下である。（Ｘ）が９０重量部以下であると、十分な破断強度が達成できず、（Ｘ）が３００重量部を越えると、相対的に（Ａ）が少なくなるため、加熱時のタレ止め性能が低下する。
（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｚ）は、１０重量部を越え、好ましくは３０重量部以上であり、３００重量部以下、好ましくは２００重量部以下である。（Ｚ）が１０重量部以下であると、十分な破断強度が達成できず、（Ｚ）が３００重量部を越えると、加熱時のタレ止め性能が低下する。
また、タレ防止の観点からウレタン樹脂組成物全体に対して（Ａ）が１０重量％以上含まれていることが好ましく、１５重量％以上含まれていることがさらに好ましい。
さらに、硬化物の機械的物性の観点より、（Ｘ）、（Ｚ）及び（Ｂ）の重量比が下記の式（１）を満足することが好ましい。
（Ｘ）＋（Ｚ）＞（Ｂ） ・・・・（１）
【００７７】
本発明（ｉ）〜（iii）の組成物において、必要に応じて顔料（Ｅ）を添加することができる。上記（Ｅ）は特に限定されず、公知の有機顔料および／または無機顔料を使用することができる。
有機顔料としては例えば不溶性アゾ顔料、溶性アゾ顔料、銅フタロシアニン系顔料、キナクリドン系顔料等が挙げられ、無機系顔料としては例えばクロム酸塩、フェロシアン化合物、金属酸化物、硫化セレン化合物、金属塩類（硫酸塩、珪酸塩、炭酸塩、燐酸塩等）、カーボンブラック等が挙げらる。
【００７８】
本発明（ｉ）〜（iii）の組成物において、（Ａ）に対する（Ｅ）の配合割合は、（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｅ）が通常０〜５重量部、好ましくは１〜３重量部である。
【００７９】
また必要に応じて、アニオン系、カチオン系またはノニオン系の分散剤（Ｓ）を使用することができる。（Ｓ）の配合割合は組成物全体に対し、通常０重量部以上、好ましくは１重量部以上であり、５重量部以下、好ましくは３重量部以下である。
【００８０】
本発明（ｉ）又は（ii）のポリウレタンペースト組成物の製造方法は特に限定されないが、以下の方法が例示される。
▲１▼（Ａ）の微粒子、（Ｂ）および（Ｃ）および（Ｄ）を一括して混合装置で混合する方法。
▲２▼あらかじめ（Ａ）および（Ｂ）および（Ｄ）を混合しておき、これを（Ｃ）の粉体と混合する方法。
▲３▼（Ａ）の微粒子を製造する任意の段階であらかじめ（Ｂ）および（Ｃ）および（Ｄ）の一部または全部を含有させておく方法。
【００８１】
本発明（iii）のウレタン樹脂組成物の製造方法も特に限定されないが、以下の方法が例示される。
▲１▼（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）、（Ｘ）、（Ｚ）および必要により（Ｅ）および（Ｓ）を一括して混合装置で混合する方法。
▲２▼あらかじめ（Ａ）および（Ｂ）を混合しておき、これを（Ｃ）、（Ｘ）、（Ｚ）および必要により（Ｅ）および（Ｓ）の粉体と混合する方法。
▲３▼（Ａ）を製造する任意の段階であらかじめ（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）、（Ｘ）、（Ｚ）および必要により（Ｅ）および（Ｓ）の一部または全部を含有させておく方法。
これらのうち、好ましいのは▲２▼である。
【００８２】
本発明の組成物の製造装置は特に限定されず、公知の混合・分散装置を使用することができる。
混合装置としては、高速剪断混合装置（例えばへンシェルミキサー等）、低速混合装置（例えばナウタミキサー、プラネタリーミキサー等）、ビーズミル、３本ロール等が挙げられる。
これらの混合装置のうち、本発明（iii）の組成物製造において好ましいのは低速混合装置（ナウタミキサー、プラネタリーミキサー）である。
【００８３】
本発明（ｉ）又は（ii）のペースト組成物は、所望の部位に塗布後、温度１００〜１８０℃で加熱すると樹脂微粒子が可塑剤を吸収して膨潤し、充填剤と一体化して固化物となる。
該固化物のＴｇは低温時での固化物の破断を防ぐ観点から、−７０℃〜１０℃が好ましく、さらに好ましくは−７０℃〜−３０℃である。
【００８４】
また、本発明（iii）のウレタン樹脂組成物は、所望の部位に塗布後、温度１００〜１８０℃で加熱するとブロックイソシアネートのブロック化剤がはずれて、イソシアネート基と反応することができる官能基と反応し、硬化する。さらに本反応と同時に樹脂微粒子が可塑剤を吸収して膨潤し、これもイソシアネート基と反応してより強固な硬化物となる。
該硬化物のＴｇは低温時での硬化物の破断を防ぐ観点から、−７０℃以上が好ましく、同様の観点から１０℃以下が好ましく、−３０℃以下がさらに好ましい。
【００８５】
本発明（ｉ）又は（ii）のペースト組成物からなるシーリング材は、自動車ボデー、機械部品等のシーリングに用いられ、主として自動車ボデーの車体の鋼板接合部及び／又は鋼板エッジ部に塗布して使用される。
通常は、常温で所望の流動性を有するゾル状品として用いられるが、自動車のモヒカン部用等、加熱時の垂れが問題になる用途では、形態保持剤を併用して用いるか、またはペースト組成物を支持体（不織布、紙、繊維、フィルム等）に含浸させて、ロール状、テープ状もしくはシート状に加工して用いることができる。
【００８６】
本発明（iii）の組成物も、自動車ボデーおよびアンダーコート、土木・建築分野におけるパテ、目地止め材等のシーラ材として用いられる。特に、自動車ボデーの鋼板接合部及び／又は鋼板エッジ部に塗布し、加熱固化させてシーラ材として好適に使用される。
【００８７】
本発明の組成物は、２５℃での粘度が５，０００ｍＰａ・ｓ〜３００,０００ｍＰａ・ｓであることが好ましい。塗工時のたれ防止の観点から５，０００ｍＰａ・ｓ以上が好ましく、塗工機から吐出可能とする観点から３００,０００ｍＰａ・ｓ以下が好ましい。
組成物の粘度は、ＢＨ型粘度計にて測定することができる。
【００８８】
本発明（ｉ）又は（ii）の組成物には、形態保持剤として、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｆ）および／または常温にて固体であって、８０℃以上に加熱することにより速やかに軟化する結晶性の化合物（Ｇ）を配合することができる。（Ｆ）および／または（Ｇ）を配合した組成物は形態保持性の観点から、２５℃での硬度（ＪＩＳ
Ａ）が２０以上が好ましく、作業性の観点から８０以下が好ましい。
硬度はＪＩＳ Ｋ６３０１に準じて測定することができる。
【００８９】
（Ｆ）としては、用いられる他の材料に混合分散され得るものであれば特に限定されず、付加重合系、重縮合系、重付加系および開環重合系の樹脂などが挙げられる。
【００９０】
付加重合系の樹脂としてはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリーｐ-キシリレン、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、フッ素樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルエーテル、ポリブタジエン等のジエン系ポリマー、およびこれらの共重合物等が挙げられる。
重縮合系樹脂としてはポリアミド、熱可塑性ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリスルホン等が、重付加系樹脂としては熱可塑性ポリウレタン等が挙げられる。開環重合系樹脂としてはエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、テトラヒドロフランなどのアルキレンオキシド重合体、ポリアセタール等が挙げられる。
【００９１】
（Ｇ）としては、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、重合ワックス、低分子量ポリエチレン、低分子量ポリプロピレン、変性ワックス、蜜ロウ、鯨ロウ、カルナバロウ等の等のワックス類、ドデカ二酸、ピロメリット酸、トリメリット酸等の多塩基酸類並びにそれらの酸無水物および多価金属塩類、ジメチルスルホン、樟脳、尿素等が挙げられる。
【００９２】
微粒子（Ａ）に対する（Ｆ）および（Ｇ）の配合割合は、（Ａ）１００重量部あたり、（Ｆ）が通常０〜３００重量部、好ましくは５０〜２００重量部、（Ｇ）が通常０〜２００重量部、好ましくは１０〜１００重量部である。
【００９３】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。以下の記載において「部」は重量部、「％」は重量％を示す。
【００９４】
製造例１
反応容器に数平均分子量２０００、水酸基価５６のプロピレンオキシド２ｍｏｌ付加ビスフェノールＡテレフタレート９００部を投入し、減圧下、１４０℃で２時間脱水を行った後、酢酸エチル（希釈溶剤）１１００部とＭＤＩ２５０部を投入し、８０℃で１０時間反応を行いイソシアネート基末端ウレタンプレポリマー（これを「プレポリマー（ａ−１）」とする）を得た。プレポリマー（ａ−１）のイソシアネート基含量は、１．８％であった。
別の容器に、ポリビニルアルコール（ＰＶＡ）［「ＰＶＡ−２３５」、（株）クラレ製］２０部と水７００部を投入して、撹拌し、溶解してＰＶＡ溶解液を得た。そこへプレポリマー（ａ−１）３００部を投入し、ウルトラディスパーザー（ヤマト科学製）を使用して回転数１０，０００ｒｐｍで１分間混合して分散液を得た。
この分散液を、別の反応容器に移し、イソホロンジアミン９部とジブチルアミン１部を投入し、５０℃で１０時間反応を行った。反応終了後、濾別、乾燥を行い、ウレタン樹脂微粒子（Ａ−１）を得た。該ウレタン樹脂微粒子（Ａ−１）の数平均分子量（ＧＰＣ測定による、以下同様）は、４０，０００、Ｔｇ（ＤＳＣ測定による、以下同様）は、９０℃、ＳＰ値は１１．７、体積平均粒径は、５μｍ、長径／短径の比が１．０〜１．５の範囲にある球状粒子の比率が９９％（電子顕微鏡にて観察。すなわち、電子顕微鏡で視野に約１００個の粒子が入るように写真を撮り、個数をカウントすることにより測定。）であった。
【００９５】
製造例２
反応容器に数平均分子量が４００、水酸基価が２８０のポリプロピレングリコール１６０部を投入し、減圧下、１４０℃で２時間脱水を行った後、酢酸エチル（希釈溶剤）４０部とＭＤＩ２００部を投入し、８０℃で１０時間反応を行いイソシアネート基末端ウレタンプレポリマー［これを「プレポリマー（ａ−２）」とする］を得た。プレポリマー（ａ−２）のイソシアネート基含量は、８．０％であった。
製造例１に記載されたＰＶＡ溶解液７２０部へプレポリマー（ａ−２）２００部を投入し、ウルトラディスパーザー（ヤマト科学製）を使用して回転数１０，０００ｒｐｍで１分間混合して分散液を得た。
この分散液を、別の反応容器に移し、イソホロンジアミン３０部とジブチルアミン１部を投入し、８０℃で１０時間反応を行った。反応終了後、濾別、乾燥を行い、ウレタン樹脂微粒子（Ａ−２）を得た。該ウレタン樹脂微粒子（Ａ−２）の数平均分子量は、４５，０００、Ｔｇは６５℃、ＳＰ値は１１．１、体積平均粒径は６μｍ、長径／短径の比が１．０〜１．５の範囲にある球状粒子の比率が９９％（電子顕微鏡にて観察）であった。
【００９６】
製造例３
攪拌機、温度計および窒素導入管を付した２リットル容積の４ツ口コルベンにポリプロピレングリコール（水酸基価２８０、分子量４００）８００部（２０モル）及びトルイレンジイソシアネート５２２部（３０モル）を仕込み、窒素気流下７０〜７５℃でかきまぜながら５時間反応させて、活性イソシアネート含有量が６．４０％のウレタンプレポリマー（イソシアネート基等量６６１）を得た。さらにこのものにＭＥＫオキシム１８２．７部（２．１モル）を徐々に加え、７０℃で約１時間撹拌したのち、赤外吸収スペクトルによりイソシアネート基の吸収（２２５０ｃｍ^-1）が完全に消失していることを確認し、常温で粘稠ペースト状のブロック化ウレタンプレポリマー（Ｘ−１）を得た。
【００９７】
実施例１〜３（本発明（ｉ））、比較例１〜３
［組成物の調製］
表１に示す配合で、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて材料を均一に混合した後、１時間真空下で撹拌脱泡することによって、本発明（ｉ）による実施例１〜３のポリウレタンペースト組成物、および比較例１〜３の組成物を調製した。
【００９８】
【表１】

【００９９】
ポリマイドＬ−２５９０：ダイマー酸系ポリアミン系ポリアミドアミン（三洋化成工業製）
ポリマイドＬ−４５−３：ダイマー酸−ポリアルキレンポリアミン系ポリアミドアミン(三洋化成工業製)
可塑剤（＃４１）：ジフェニルオクチルホスフェート（大八化学工業製）
充填剤（重質炭カル）：重質炭酸カルシウム（「ＮＳ−１００」、日東粉化工業製）
接着性付与剤当量比：ブロック化ウレタンプレポリマー（Ｘ−１）／ポリアミドアミン（ｙ−１またはｙ−２）
【０１００】
実施例４〜６（本発明（ii））、比較例４〜５
［組成物の調製］
表２に示す配合で、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて材料を均一に混合した後、１時間真空下で撹拌脱泡することによって、本発明（ii）による実施例４〜６のポリウレタンペースト組成物、および比較例４〜５の組成物を調製した。
【０１０１】
【表２】

【０１０２】
実施例７〜９（本発明（iii））、比較例６〜８
［ウレタン樹脂組成物の調製］
表３に示す配合で、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて材料を均一に混合した後、１時間真空下で撹拌脱泡することによって、本発明（iii）による実施例７〜９、および比較例６〜８のウレタン樹脂組成物を調製した。
【０１０３】
【表３】

【０１０４】
［評価試験］
表１〜３の各組成物について、以下の項目のうち必要なものにつき試験を行った。
【０１０５】
（ペースト粘度）
調製した各実施例および比較例の組成物についての粘度は、２５℃での粘度をＢＨ型粘度計（東京計器製）（回転数２０ｒｐｍ、ロータＮｏ．７）にて測定した。
【０１０６】
（密着性・剪断接着力）
予めカチオン電着塗装をした金属板を試験片とし、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６８３０に規定する方法に従って、各組成物を塗布し、次いで１５０℃で２０分間加熱して、焼き付けを行った。次いで、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６８３０に規定する方法に従い剪断接着試験を行った。密着性の評価基準は、以下の通りである。
○：完全な凝集破壊
△：部分的に界面破壊が生じる痕跡破壊
×：完全な界面剥離
【０１０７】
（温水浸漬後密着性・温水浸漬後剪断接着力）
上記と同様に、各組成物を塗布し、焼き付けた後、４０℃の温水に１０日間浸漬した。次いで、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６８３０に規定する方法に従い剪断接着試験を行った。評価基準は、上記密着性の場合と同様とした。
【０１０８】
（低温折り曲げ試験）
カチオン電着塗装した試験板上に耐熱離型紙を貼り付け、その上に、調製した組成物を１００ｍｍ×３０ｍｍ、厚さ３±１ｍｍとなるように塗布し、１４０℃で３０分間加熱して固化（又は硬化）させた。この固化（硬化）物を−３０℃の恒温槽に３時間保持後、素早く（２秒以内）１８０°折り曲げ、柔軟性を調べた。
○：クラックを生じない
△：若干のクラック発生
×：割れる
【０１０９】
（固化（硬化）物物性）
カチオン電着塗装した試験板上に耐熱離型紙を貼り付け、その上に、調製した組成物を厚さ３±１ｍｍとなるように塗布し、１４０℃で３０分間加熱して固化（硬化）させた。この固化（硬化）物に関して２５℃における破断強度、伸び率および硬度（ＪＩＳ Ａ）を、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６３０１に準じて測定した（試験片の寸法は、ＪＩＳ Ｋ６３０１に記載の通りとした）。尚、硬度に関しては、焼き付けた固化（硬化）物を重ね合わせて厚さ約１０±１ｍｍとしてから測定した。
【０１１０】
（貯蔵安定性）
各組成物を、３５℃、７日間保管後に、２５℃での粘度を測定した（粘度計のメーカ、型番、測定条件は上記ペースト粘度に同じ）。評価は、増粘率を下記の式に従って算出することによって行った。
増粘率＝［（保管後粘度−初期粘度）／初期粘度］×１００
【０１１１】
（垂れ性）
カチオン電着塗装した試験板上に直径１０ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍの半円型のビード状に各組成物を塗布し、試験板を垂直に保持し、１４０℃で３０分間加熱し、取り出した後、室温まで放冷後垂れ流れ距離を測定した。
【０１１２】
（アミン価）
カチオン電着塗装した試験板上に直径１０ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍの半円型のビード状に各組成物を塗布し、１４０℃で３０分間加熱した。固化物約２ｇを三角フラスコに採取し、ジメチルホルムアミド３０ｇを加え溶解した。ブロムクレゾールグリーン指示薬を入れＮ／１００塩酸標準溶液で滴定した。青色から黄色に変わった点を終点とした。下記計算式に基づき計算し、アミン価とした。同様にして、ジメチルホルムアミド３０ｇについて空試験を行い、空試験時の滴定ｍｌ数をＡ’とする。
アミン価＝（Ａ−Ａ’）×ｆ×（１／１００）×（１／１０００）×５６．１×１０００×（１／Ｓ）
＝(((Ａ−Ａ’)×ｆ×５６．１)／Ｓ)／１００
＝［（Ａ−Ａ’）×ｆ×０．５６１］／Ｓ
ただし、Ａ：Ｎ／１００塩酸標準溶液の滴定ｍｌ数
Ａ’：Ｎ／１００塩酸標準溶液の空試験時の滴定ｍｌ数
ｆ：Ｎ／１００塩酸標準溶液の力価
Ｓ：試料採取量ｇ数
尚、５６．１は水酸化カリウムの化学式量である。
【０１１３】
（オーバーベイク黄変性）
カチオン電着塗装した試験板上に幅４５ｍｍ厚さ３ｍｍとなるように各組成物を塗布し、１４０℃で１０分仮焼き付けをした。その後、中塗り塗料と白色上塗り塗料をウエット−オン−ウエットで塗布し、１４０℃で３０分焼き付けたものを基準塗板とした。そして、基準塗板をさらに１６０℃・３０分の条件で３回繰り返して焼き付けたものを試料とし、基準塗板に対する色差（ΔＥ）を測定してオーバーベイク黄変性とした。
【０１１４】
表１〜３の各組成物につき、上記各評価試験の試験結果を、それぞれ表４〜６に示す。
【０１１５】
【表４】

【０１１６】
【表５】

【０１１７】
【表６】

【０１１８】
【発明の効果】
本発明（ｉ）〜（iii）のポリウレタンペースト組成物は、従来のポリウレタンペースト組成物と同様、固化物の低温柔軟性、耐薬品性、機械的強度等の物性が良好である。更に本発明（ｉ）のポリウレタンペースト組成物は、従来のポリウレタンペースト組成物に比して電着板への接着性、温水浸漬後の接着性に優れている。また、本発明（ii）のポリウレタンペースト組成物は、従来のポリウレタンペースト組成物に比して上塗り塗料の黄変が少ないという利点を有する。更に、本発明（iii）のポリウレタン組成物は、従来のポリウレタン組成物に比して破断強度が強く、かつ加熱時に垂れにくいという利点を有する。
上記効果を奏することから、本発明の組成物は、自動車のシーリング用組成物およびアンダーコート用組成物、土木・建築分野でのシーリング材、パテ、目地止め材等に有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to a paste composition applied to a vehicle. More specifically, the composition has good fluidity at room temperature or has a certain form-retaining property, and can be easily solidified (swelled and integrated) by heating, and further adheres to the solidified product. The present invention relates to a paste composition having good physical properties such as strength, low-temperature flexibility, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength, and further relates to a paste composition in which yellowing of a coating film is prevented.
Further, the present invention is a urethane resin composition mainly applied to a vehicle as a sealer, which is in the form of a syrup or paste at room temperature, and can be easily cured by heating, particularly sagging at the time of curing. The present invention also relates to a urethane resin composition characterized in that is improved.
The composition of the present invention can be suitably used for application as a sealing material to a steel plate joint portion and / or a steel plate edge portion of an automobile body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, in steel plate joints and steel plate edge portions of an automobile body after electrodeposition coating, in order to make those portions watertight and airtight and to improve rust prevention, a sealing composition prior to finish coating (Sealer) is applied and coated.
In addition, an undercoat composition is applied to the lower part of the floor of the vehicle body, the wheel house, the side sill and the like in order to improve rust prevention and chipping resistance.
[0003]
As these sealing or undercoat compositions, vinyl chloride plastisol compositions, one-pack blocked isocyanate polyurethane compositions, and acrylic resin plastisol compositions have been used. On the other hand, recently, a urethane resin plastisol composition comprising a urethane resin resin powder, a plasticizer, a filler, and other additives has been developed (see Patent Document 1). This composition is superior in mechanical strength, low-temperature flexibility, and environmental compatibility as compared with conventional plastisols.
[0004]
However, this urethane resin plastisol composition has a problem that the adhesiveness may be insufficient depending on the application site. In particular, at sites where water is applied over a long period of time, water enters the interface between the electrodeposition paint and the sealer, and peeling between the two tends to occur.
[0005]
Further, this urethane resin plastisol composition is generally applied to the electrodeposition coating surface, and after calcining, an intermediate coating is applied, and then a top coating is applied. Then, it is baked at 140 ° C. for about 30 minutes. In the process described above, considerable heat is applied, and further, due to work such as repainting and uneven temperature distribution in the baking furnace, some parts are exposed to high temperatures for a long time. Under such overbaking conditions, there is often a problem that yellowing occurs in the coating film.
[0006]
On the other hand, these sealers include (1) plastisol type [vinyl chloride type, acrylic resin type, urethane resin type (see Patent Document 1)] or (2) one-part reaction system [one-part blocked isocyanate type (for example, Patent Document 2), one-part moisture curing system (see Patent Document 3, for example)] is mainly used.
[0007]
However, (1) has the problem that the fracture strength of the solidified product is weak compared to the reaction system of (2) because the resin beads absorb and swell the surrounding plasticizer by heating and become integrated. Have. However, in (2), although the rupture strength of the cured product is strong, the viscosity is greatly lowered during heating, so that sagging in the vertical coating portion is a problem. In the trend of expanding the application range of sealers in recent years, development of materials that solve these problems has been desired.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-345027 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-299065
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-139777
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is made in view of the above circumstances, and (i) is a composition having good fluidity at a normal temperature or having a certain form retainability, and can be easily heated. A paste composition that can be solidified (swelled and integrated) and has good physical properties such as adhesive strength, low-temperature flexibility, chemical resistance, mechanical strength of the solidified product, and (ii) more preferably during overbaking A paste composition in which yellowing of the coating film is prevented, and (iii) a composition which is in the form of a syrup or paste at room temperature and can be easily cured by heating, An object of the present invention is to provide a urethane resin composition having improved properties.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention (i) as a result of studying to solve the problem (i). That is, the present invention (i) is a paste composition comprising fine particles (A) comprising a polyurethane resin (a), a plasticizer (B), a filler (C) and an adhesion promoter (D), wherein (D ) Comprises a urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) comprising a polyol and an organic isocyanate, and a compound (y) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule. A paste resin composition is provided.
[0011]
The adhesiveness imparting agent (D) is composed of a blocked urethane prepolymer (X) and a compound (y) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule. Thus, the adhesion of the composition to the electrodeposition plate can be improved. This is because when the composition is heated, the blocking agent in (X) is released, and the urethane prepolymer reacts promptly with (y) to produce polyurethane having excellent adhesion to the electrodeposition plate. Because. The polyurethane thus produced plays a role of adhering both at the interface between the electrodeposition plate and the sealer. JP 2000-345027 also illustrates the use of a blocked urethane prepolymer (X), which is formulated with the aim of increasing strength by reaction with amines in urethane beads. And, there is no effect of improving the adhesiveness at the interface as in the present invention.
[0012]
Further, as a result of investigations to solve the problem (ii), the present inventors have reached the present invention (ii). That is, the present invention (ii) provides a resin composition for pastes, which is the composition of the above-mentioned invention (i), further characterized in that the amine value in the composition after baking and solidification is 1 or less. Is.
[0013]
In the present invention, the cause of the yellowing of the top coat film was analyzed, and it was revealed that the residual amine contained in the sealer had an effect. This residual amine is mainly contained in the polyurethane resin fine particles (A). It has been found that by setting the residual amine amount to 1 or less in terms of amine value, yellowing of the coating film during overbaking, which has been a problem, can be suppressed. In the present invention, as one means for reducing the amine value, in the constitution of the adhesion-imparting agent (D), the urethane prepolymer block product (X) comprising a polyol and an organic isocyanate (which can react with the remaining amine) The amount of residual amine is reduced to 1 or less in terms of amine value by using an amount equal to or greater than the amount of compound (y) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule. Also succeeded. That is, by successfully reacting the isocyanate group contained in the excessive amount of the component (X) with the residual amine in the polyurethane resin fine particles (A), the amine value in the solidified product was effectively reduced. As a result, the problem of yellowing during overbaking was also solved.
[0014]
In addition, as a result of studies to solve the problem (iii), the present inventors have reached the present invention (iii). That is, the present invention (iii) contains particles having a major axis / minor axis ratio in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 in a number average of 50% or more and a volume average particle size of 0.1 μm to 200 μm. 100 parts by weight of fine particles (A) made of polyurethane resin (a), 100 parts by weight to 1000 parts by weight of plasticizer (B), 1 part by weight to 1000 parts by weight of filler (C), and curing agent (D ′) A urethane resin composition comprising more than 100 parts by weight and not more than 600 parts by weight, wherein (D ′) is more than 90 parts by weight of a urethane prepolymer block consisting of a polyol and an organic isocyanate (X) and not more than 300 parts by weight. A urethane resin composition comprising more than 10 parts by weight and 300 parts by weight or less of the compound (Z) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule. Cured product, and there is provided a vehicle body coated with the composition.
[0015]
Since the fine particles (A) of the present invention are composed of a urethane resin (a) that can be melted with respect to a plasticizer when heated, the fine particles (A) are rapidly melted when heated and melted to rapidly increase the viscosity of the urethane resin composition. Can do. As a result, there is little sagging during heating and melting.
Moreover, the blocked product (X) of the urethane prepolymer is converted into an isocyanate group by releasing the blocking agent upon heating. As a result, it reacts with the compound (Z) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule, and becomes a cured product of a strong urethane resin composition. Furthermore, since (X) from which the blocking agent is released also reacts with the urethane resin (a) which is a constituent component of the fine particles (A), it becomes a hardened cured product of the urethane resin composition. This is because the amino group remaining in the urethane resin reacts with the isocyanate group (X). In particular, the design of such a urethane resin composition is very difficult in a system using fine particles made of a conventional acrylic resin or vinyl chloride resin.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, “amine value” means the number of mg of potassium hydroxide equivalent to hydrochloric acid required to neutralize the amine component contained in 1 g of a sample.
[0017]
The polyurethane resin (a) in the present invention is a thermoplastic polyurethane resin and can be obtained by a known method. For example, an isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer (a0) derived from an excess amount of a diisocyanate (a1), a high molecular diol (a2) having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, and optionally a low molecular diol (a3), It can be obtained by reacting an aliphatic diamine (b1) with a monoamine (b2) or aliphatic monoamine (b3) having one or two alkanol groups having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0018]
Examples of the diisocyanate (a1) include:
(1) Aliphatic diisocyanate having 2 to 18 carbon atoms (excluding carbon in NCO group, the same applies hereinafter) [ethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl Hexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, 2,6-diisocyanatomethyl caproate, bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) fumarate, bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) carbonate, 2-isocyanatoethyl-2,6-diisocyanate Natohexanoate, etc.];
(2) C4-C15 alicyclic diisocyanate [isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI), cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate (hydrogenated TDI), bis (2-isocyanatoethyl) -4-cyclohexene and the like];
(3) C6-C14 aromatic diisocyanate [1,3- and / or 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and / or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), crude TDI, 2, 4'- and / or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 4,4'-diisocyanatobiphenyl, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diisocyanatobiphenyl, 3,3'-dimethyl -4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, crude MDI, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, etc.];
(4) Aroaliphatic diisocyanates having 8 to 15 carbon atoms [m- and / or p-xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), α, α, α ′, α′-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), etc.];
(5) Modified products of these diisocyanates (modified diisocyanates having a carbodiimide group, a uretdione group, a uretoimine group, a urea group, etc.);
(6) and a mixture of two or more of (1) to (5).
Among these, (2) alicyclic diisocyanate, (3) aromatic diisocyanate, and (7) araliphatic diisocyanate are preferable, and IPDI, hydrogenated MDI, MDI, XDI and TMXDI are particularly preferable.
[0019]
Examples of the polymer diol (a2) include polyester diol (a21), polyether diol (a22), polyether ester diol (a23), and a mixture of two or more of these (a24).
[0020]
Examples of the polyester diol (a21) include:
(A211) by condensation polymerization of a low molecular diol with a polycarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof [an acid anhydride, a lower alkyl (carbon number 1 to 4) ester, an acid halide, etc.];
(A212) ring-opening polymerization of a lactone monomer using a low-molecular diol as an initiator; and
(A213) These 2 or more types of mixtures are mentioned.
[0021]
Specific examples of the low molecular weight diol in (a211) include aliphatic diols [linear diols (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, etc.), branched diols (propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 3-methyl 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2-, 1, Diols having a cyclic group [for example, those described in JP-B No. 45-1474; 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, m- or p-xyl Ren glycol, bisphenol A ethylene oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as EO) or pro Alkylene oxide (hereinafter PO hereinafter) adduct (molecular weight less than 500), etc.] and mixtures of two or more thereof.
Among these, EO or PO adduct of bisphenol A is preferable.
[0022]
Specific examples of the polycarboxylic acid or ester-forming derivative thereof in (a211) include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids having 4 to 15 carbon atoms [succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid. Acid etc.], aromatic polycarboxylic acids having 8 to 12 carbon atoms [terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, etc.], ester forming derivatives thereof [acid anhydrides, lower alkyl esters (dimethyl esters, diethyl esters, etc.), acid halides ( Acid chloride and the like) and a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0023]
Examples of the lactone monomer in (a212) include γ-butyrolactone, ε-caprolactone, δ-valerolactone, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0024]
Examples of the polyether diol (a22) include compounds having a structure in which an alkylene oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as AO) is added to two hydroxyl group-containing compounds (for example, the low molecular diol, divalent phenols, etc.).
[0025]
Examples of the divalent phenols include bisphenols [bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, etc.], monocyclic phenols [catechol, hydroquinone, etc.], and the like.
[0026]
AO includes EO, PO, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4- or 2,3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide, α-olefin oxide having 5 to 10 or more carbon atoms, epichlorohydrin, and these. Or a mixture of two or more (block or random addition).
[0027]
Of these, preferred are those obtained by adding AO to a low-molecular diol, and more preferred are those obtained by adding PO to an aliphatic diol.
[0028]
Further, the polyether ester diol (a23) is obtained by polycondensation of one or more of the above polyether diols and one or more of the polycarboxylic acids exemplified as the raw materials for the polyester diol or ester forming derivatives thereof. Things.
[0029]
Among the polymer diols (a2), preferred are polyester diols (a21), and more preferred are condensed polyester diols derived from an AO adduct of bisphenol A and one or more polycarboxylic acids, Preference is given to polyester diols derived from AO adducts of bisphenol A and terephthalic acid.
[0030]
The number average molecular weight of the polymer diol (a2) is preferably 500 or more, more preferably 600 or more, particularly preferably 1,000 or more, preferably 10,000 or less, from the viewpoint of elongation or strength of the solidified product or cured product. More preferably, it is 5,000 or less, Most preferably, it is 3,000 or less.
[0031]
As the low molecular diol (a3), the compounds exemplified as the starting material for the polyester diol can be used. Among the low molecular diols (a3), preferred are aliphatic diols.
[0032]
When forming the isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer (a0), the equivalent ratio of the diisocyanate (a1), the high molecular diol (a2) and the low molecular diol (a3) is (a1) with respect to 1 equivalent, and (a2) is usually It is 0.1 equivalent or more, preferably 0.2 equivalent or more, usually 0.6 equivalent or less, preferably 0.5 equivalent or less. (A3) is usually 0 equivalent or more, preferably 0.05 equivalent or more, and usually 0.2 equivalent or less, preferably 0.10 equivalent or less.
The isocyanate group content of the urethane prepolymer (a0) is usually 0.5% by weight or more, preferably 1.5% by weight or more, and usually 10% by weight or less, preferably 6% by weight or less.
[0033]
The polyurethane resin (a) is obtained by reacting the isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer (a0) with the aliphatic diamine (b1). If necessary, the monoamine (b2) having 1 or 2 alkanol groups (hydroxyalkyl groups) having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or the aliphatic monoamine (b3) may be used for further reaction.
[0034]
Examples of (b1) include alicyclic diamines [4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, diaminocyclohexane, isophoronediamine, etc.]; aliphatic diamines [ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, etc.]; Group diamines [xylylenediamine, α, α, α ′, α′-tetramethylxylylenediamine, etc.] and mixtures of two or more thereof.
Of these, alicyclic diamines and aliphatic diamines are preferred, and isophorone diamine and hexamethylene diamine are particularly preferred.
[0035]
Examples of (b2) include monoalkanolamines [monoethanolamine, monopropanolamine, etc.]; dialkanolamines [diethanolamine, dipropanolamine, etc.] and mixtures of two or more thereof.
Of these, dialkanolamine is preferable, and diethanolamine and dipropanolamine are particularly preferable.
[0036]
Examples of (b3) include alicyclic monoamines [cyclopentylamine, cyclohexylamine, etc.], aliphatic monoamines [methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, octylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, nonylamine, oleylamine, N-methyl. Butylamine, diethylamine, dibutylamine, etc.] and mixtures of two or more thereof.
Of these, preferred are aliphatic monoamines, and particularly preferred are butylamine, octylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, and dibutylamine.
[0037]
The equivalent of (b1) to 1 equivalent of isocyanate group in the urethane prepolymer (a0) is as follows in the case of (1) and (2).
(1) A case where a polyurethane resin aqueous dispersion is formed in water containing a dispersant, and the aqueous dispersion is solid-liquid separated and dried to obtain fine particles (A).
The equivalent of (b1) to 1 equivalent of isocyanate group in the urethane prepolymer (a0) is usually 0.2 to 0.98 equivalent, preferably 0.5 to 0.95 equivalent, and (b2) or (b3 ) Is usually 0 to 0.2 equivalent, preferably 0.05 to 0.15 equivalent.
Excess isocyanate groups in the produced polyurethane resin react with water when dispersed in water to produce an amine, and further react with the isocyanate group to form a polyurethane resin (a).
The isocyanate group content in (a) is preferably 0.1% or less.
(2) When a non-aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin is formed in an organic solvent that does not dissolve the polyurethane resin, and the non-aqueous dispersion is solid-liquid separated and dried to obtain fine particles (A), or a block-like or pellet-like polyurethane When the resin is pulverized by a method such as freezing pulverization or freeze pulverization to obtain fine particles (A)
The equivalent of (b1) to 1 equivalent of isocyanate group in the urethane prepolymer (a0) is usually 0.95 to 1.0 equivalent, preferably 0.98 to 0.99 equivalent, and (b2) or (b3 ) Is usually 0 to 0.05 equivalent, preferably 0.01 to 0.02 equivalent. The isocyanate group content of the polyurethane resin (a) is preferably 0.1% or less.
[0038]
The polyurethane resin in the present invention contains a urea bond (—NR—CO—NR′—, where R and R ′ represent hydrogen or other substituent), and the ratio of urea bond to urethane bond in the resin is 9 / It is preferably 1 to 1/10.
[0039]
The particle shape of the fine particles (A) of the present invention may be indefinite or spherical. Number of particles having a major axis / minor axis ratio in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 among fine particles in terms of fluidity of paste at room temperature and solidification (curing) property at the time of overheating solidification (curing). It contains 50% or more on average, preferably 70% or more. When it contains less than 50%, the urethane resin composition becomes viscous and difficult to apply. The shape of the particles is more preferably spherical. However, in this specification, the term “spherical” is not limited to a true sphere shape, and refers to a round shape as a whole in which the ratio of major axis / minor axis is in the range of 1.0 to 1.5. In addition, the measurement of the ratio (number average) of the particles satisfying the above predetermined condition is performed by randomly sampling a small amount from the uniformly stirred composition to be measured, and 100 or more particles per field per sample. Is taken by taking an electron micrograph under conditions where the images are separated from each other, observing and measuring the shape of all the particles on the photograph, and dividing the number of particles satisfying a predetermined condition by the total number of particles.
[0040]
The volume average particle size of the fine particles (A) of the present invention is 0.1 μm or more, preferably 1 μm or more, 200 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or less, particularly from the viewpoint of storage stability and solidification (curing) property of the paste. Preferably it is 50 micrometers or less. When the thickness is less than 0.1 μm, the storage stability of the paste deteriorates. When the thickness exceeds 200 μm, the viscosity of the paste becomes low, and a problem of dripping at the time of coating occurs. The volume average particle diameter is measured with a laser scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus (for example, LA-920 (manufactured by Horiba)) using water as a solvent.
[0041]
Although it does not specifically limit as a manufacturing method of the said microparticles | fine-particles (A), For example, the following method can be illustrated.
(1) A method of obtaining fine particles (A) by pulverizing a block or pellet-like polyurethane resin by a method such as a freeze pulverization method or an ice pulverization method.
(2) A non-aqueous dispersion of polyurethane resin is formed in an organic solvent (n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, etc.) that does not dissolve the polyurethane resin, and the non-aqueous dispersion is solid-liquid separated and dried to form fine particles (A) (For example, the method described in JP-A No. 04-255755).
(3) A method in which an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin is formed in water containing a dispersant, and the aqueous dispersion is subjected to solid-liquid separation and drying to obtain fine particles (A) (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 07-133423 and 08-120041 method described in each gazette specification).
Among these, the method (3) is preferable because fine particles having a desired shape and particle diameter can be easily obtained without using a large amount of an organic solvent.
[0042]
In the method (1), unlike the prepolymer method described above, the diisocyanate (a1), the high molecular diol (a2) and, if necessary, the low molecular diol (a3) are reacted together (one-shot method). Can be used.
Specifically, in the method (2), a urethane resin or a urethane resin solution is dispersed under stirring in an organic solvent that does not dissolve a polyurethane resin such as cyclohexane, and the fine particles dispersed in the solvent are taken out and dried. This is a method for obtaining (A).
Specifically, the method (3) is to obtain fine particles comprising a polyurethane resin by reacting an isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer (a0) with an extender and, if necessary, a terminator and a crosslinking agent, in an aqueous medium. Can do.
Examples of the extender include blocked products of aliphatic diamines (b1) and (b1). Preferably, it is a blocked product of (b1).
Examples of the blocking agent include ketones having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.).
Examples of the terminator include monoamine (b2) having 1 or 2 alkanol groups having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and aliphatic monoamine (b3).
Examples of the crosslinking agent include 3- to 6-valent polyamines (diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine).
In the case of (1) and (2), the equivalent of the extender with respect to 1 equivalent of the isocyanate group of the urethane prepolymer (a0) is as follows.
(1) In the case of (3) above
The equivalent of the extender with respect to 1 equivalent of the isocyanate group of the urethane prepolymer (a0) is usually 0.2 to 0.98 equivalent, preferably 0.5 to 0.95 equivalent, and the equivalent of the terminator is usually It is 0-0.2 equivalent, Preferably it is 0.05-0.15 equivalent, The equivalent of a crosslinking agent is 0-0.05 equivalent normally, Preferably it is 0.01-0.02 equivalent.
(2) In case of (1) or (2) above
The equivalent of the extender with respect to 1 equivalent of isocyanate group of the urethane prepolymer (a0) is usually 0.95 to 1.0 equivalent, preferably 0.98 to 0.99 equivalent, and the equivalent of the terminator is usually It is 0-0.05 equivalent, Preferably it is 0.01-0.02 equivalent, and the equivalent of a crosslinking agent is 0-0.02 equivalent normally, Preferably it is 0.01-0.02 equivalent.
[0043]
The number average molecular weight of the polyurethane resin (a) is usually 1,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 100,000, from the viewpoint of melt viscosity at the time of solidification. The number average molecular weight can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as GPC).
[0044]
The heat softening point of (a) is usually from 80 to 250 ° C, preferably from 100 to 200 ° C, more preferably from 140 to 180 ° C, from the viewpoints of storage stability and solidification of the paste. In addition, the heat softening point here can be measured by a thermomechanical analysis penetration method (measuring conditions: heating rate 5 ° C./min, load 5 g, needle diameter 0.5 mm). This thermal mechanical analysis penetration method is, for example, written by Yasutoshi Saito, “Basics of Thermal Analysis for Material Science” [published in 1990, Kyoritsu Shuppan] page 350 and “The Basics and Applications of New Thermal Analysis” [edited by the Japan Society for Thermometry] [ Issued by Realize Co., Ltd.] on page 68.
[0045]
The glass transition temperature (Tg) of (a) is usually −100 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably −30 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 30 ° C. to 120 ° C.
In addition, Tg here can be measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (Seiko RTC220, raising and lowering the temperature between −50 to 250 ° C. and measuring the endotherm and exotherm at that time).
[0046]
The solubility parameter (hereinafter abbreviated as SP value) of (a) is usually 8 to 13, preferably 9 to 12. Note that the SP value here is a value calculated by the method described in “Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 14, No. 2, p 147 to 154 (1974)”. That is, the SP value δ (25 ° C.) is given by the following equation.
[0047]
[Expression 1]

[0048]
Where ΔE and V are the cohesive energy density and molar volume, respectively.
Δe _i , Δv _i : Evaporation energy and molar volume of atoms or atomic groups, respectively.
However, for resins with Tg> 25 ° C., the following value is added to the molar volume.
When n <3, + Δvi = 4n
When n ≧ 3, + Δvi = 2n
Here, n: the number of main chain skeleton atoms in the minimum repeating unit of the polymer.
[0049]
As a plasticizer (B) used in this invention, it is not limited at all, The following are illustrated.
(B1) Phthalate ester [dibutyl phthalate (SP value 9.4, melting point −35 ° C.), dioctyl phthalate (SP value 8.9, melting point −55 ° C.), butylbenzyl phthalate (SP value 10.7, Melting point−40 ° C.), diisodecyl phthalate (SP value 8.2, melting point−21 ° C.) and the like];
(B2) Aliphatic dibasic acid ester [di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (SP value 8.6, melting point −70 ° C.), 2-ethylhexyl sebacate (SP value 8.6, melting point −62 ° C.), etc.] ;
(B3) Trimellitic acid ester [trimellitic acid tri-2-ethylhexyl (SP value 9.5, melting point -30 ° C), etc.];
(B4) Phosphate ester [tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate (SP value 9.2, melting point -70 ° C), tricresyl phosphate (SP value 9.9, melting point -35 ° C), 2-ethylhexyldiphenyl phosphate ( SP value 10.0, melting point -54 ° C.) etc.];
(B5) Polyalkylether benzoic acid diester [polyethylene glycol benzoic acid diester (SP value 10.9-10.4), polypropylene glycol benzoic acid diester (SP value 10.2-9.0), etc.];
(B6) and a mixture of two or more thereof may be mentioned.
Of these, phthalic acid ester (B1) and phosphoric acid ester (B4) and polyalkyl ether benzoic acid diester (B5) are preferred.
[0050]
The difference between the SP value of the plasticizer (B) and the SP value of the fine particles (A) is usually 2.5 or less from the viewpoint of compatibility between (B) and (A), preferably 2.0 or less.
[0051]
The melting point of the plasticizer (B) is usually 0 ° C. or lower, preferably −30 to −50 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of fluidity at low temperatures.
[0052]
In the present invention, the filler (C) includes inorganic powders (heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, mica, bentonite, clay, sericite, asbestos, metal powder, ceramic powder, zeolite, slate powder. , Glass powder), balloons (glass balloon, ceramic balloon, shirasu balloon), resin powder (acrylic resin powder, phenol resin powder, epoxy resin powder, asphalt powder, coal powder), inorganic fibers (glass fiber, carbon fiber) ), Organic fibers (aramid fiber, nylon fiber, acrylic fiber).
In the case of powder (powder), the particle size of (C) is preferably 0.01 to 200 μm from the viewpoint of fluidity of the urethane resin composition.
[0053]
The adhesiveness imparting agent (D) or curing agent (D ′) used in the present invention is a urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) and two functional groups capable of reacting with isocyanate groups in one molecule. It consists of the compound (y) which has the above. Further, the blocked product (X) comprises a urethane prepolymer (x1) and a blocking agent (x2).
[0054]
The (x1) may be the same as the urethane prepolymer (a0) exemplified for the urethane resin fine particles (A).
Preferably, it is a urethane prepolymer produced by reacting both hydroxyl terminals of polyether diol with an aromatic polyisocyanate, and more preferably reacting both hydroxyl terminals of polypropylene glycol (molecular weight 400) with toluylene diisocyanate. It is the manufactured urethane prepolymer.
[0055]
Examples of (x2) include oximes [acetooxime, methyl isobutyl ketoxime, diethyl ketoxime, cyclopentanone oxime, cyclohexanone oxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, etc.]; lactams [γ-butyrolactam, ε-caprolactam, δ-valerolactam Etc.]; C1-20 aliphatic alcohols [ethanol, methanol, octanol, etc.]; phenols [phenol, m-cresol, xylenol, nonylphenol, etc.]; active methylene compounds [acetylacetone, ethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, etc.] Etc.]; basic nitrogen-containing compounds [N, N-diethylhydroxylamine, 2-hydroxypyridine, pyridine N-oxide, 2-mercaptopyridine, etc.]; and mixtures of two or more thereof .
Of these, oximes are preferred, and methyl ethyl ketoxime is particularly preferred.
[0056]
Examples of the compound (y or Z) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule include compounds having a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group, or an active methylene group. The number average molecular weight of the compound is preferably 300 or more and 5000 or less, more preferably 400 or more and 1000 or less.
[0057]
Examples of the compound having a hydroxyl group include the aforementioned high molecular diol (a2) and low molecular diol (a3). Preferred as the (a2) is one obtained by adding AO to a low molecular diol, and more preferred is one obtained by adding EO to an aliphatic diol. Further, 1,4-butanediol is preferred as the (a3).
[0058]
Examples of the compound having an amino group include polyamines and amino alcohols.
[0059]
As polyamines,
(1) Aliphatic polyamines (C ₂ ~ C ₁₈ ): Aliphatic polyamines such as C ₂ ~ C ₆ Alkylene diamine [ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, trimethylene diamine, tetramethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, etc.], polyalkylene (C ₂ ~ C ₆ ) Polyamine [diethylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, bis (hexamethylene) triamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, etc.], alkyl (C ₁ ~ C _Four ) Or hydroxyalkyl (C ₂ ~ C _Four ) Substitute [Dialkyl (C ₁ ~ C _Three ) Aminopropylamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, aminoethylethanolamine, methyliminobispropylamine, etc.]; alicyclic or heterocyclic-containing aliphatic polyamines such as 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) -2,4 8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane and the like; aromatic ring-containing aliphatic amines (C ₈ ~ C ₁₅ ), For example, xylylenediamine, tetrachloro-p-xylylenediamine, etc .;
(2) Alicyclic polyamine (C _Four ~ C ₁₅ ), For example, 1,3-diaminocyclohexane, isophoronediamine, menthanediamine, 4,4′-methylenedicyclohexanediamine (hydrogenated methylenedianiline);
(3) Heterocyclic polyamine (C _Four ~ C ₁₅ ) Piperazine, N-aminoethylpiperazine, 1,4-diaminoethylpiperazine, etc .;
[0060]
(4) Aromatic polyamines (C ₆ ~ C ₂₀ ): Unsubstituted aromatic polyamines such as 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-phenylenediamine, 2,4′- and 4,4′-diphenylmethanediamine, crude diphenylmethanediamine [polyphenylpolymethylenepolyamine] , Diaminodiphenylsulfone, benzidine, thiodianiline, bis (3,4-diaminophenyl) sulfone, 2,6-diaminopyridine, m-aminobenzylamine, triphenylmethane-4,4 ′, 4 ″ -triamine, naphthylenediamine ;
Nuclear substituted alkyl groups (eg, C such as methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl, butyl, etc.) ₁ ~ C _Four Aromatic polyamines having alkyl groups), such as 2,4- and 2,6-tolylenediamine, crude tolylenediamine, diethyltolylenediamine, 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylmethane, 4, 4'-bis (o-toluidine), dianisidine, diaminoditolyl sulfone, 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1,3-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1,3-dimethyl-2 , 6-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diethyl-2,5-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diisopropyl-2,5-diaminobenzene, 1,4-dibutyl-2,5-diaminobenzene, 2,4-diamino Mesitylene, 1,3,5-triethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1,3,5-triisopropyl-2,4-diaminobenzene 1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,4-diaminobenzene, 1-methyl-3,5-diethyl-2,6-diaminobenzene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6 -Dimethyl-1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6-diisopropyl-1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6-dibutyl-1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraisopropylbenzidine, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraethyl-4,4 '-Diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'-tetraisopropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetrabutyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3, -Diethyl-3'-methyl-2 ', 4-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,5-diisopropyl-3'-methyl-2', 4-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-diethyl-2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dimethyldiphenylmethane, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraisopropyl-4, 4′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraethyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetraisopropyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, these Mixtures of various proportions of isomers;
Aromatic polyamines having nucleus-substituted electron withdrawing groups (eg, halogens such as Cl, Br, I, F; alkoxy groups such as methoxy and ethoxy; nitro groups) such as methylenebis-o-chloroaniline, 4-chloro-o- Phenylenediamine, 2-chloro-1,4-phenylenediamine, 3-amino-4-chloroaniline, 4-bromo-1,3-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine, 5-nitro -1,3-phenylenediamine, 3-dimethoxy-4-aminoaniline; 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dimethyl-5,5′-dibromo-diphenylmethane, 3,3′-dichlorobenzidine, 3, 3′-dimethoxybenzidine, bis (4-amino-3-chlorophenyl) oxide, bis (4-amino-2-chloropheny ) Propane, bis (4-amino-2-chlorophenyl) sulfone, bis (4-amino-3-methoxyphenyl) decane, bis (4-aminophenyl) sulfide, bis (4-aminophenyl) telluride, bis (4- Aminophenyl) selenide, bis (4-amino-3-methoxyphenyl) disulfide, 4,4′-methylenebis (2-iodoaniline), 4,4′-methylenebis (2-bromoaniline), 4,4′-methylenebis (2-fluoroaniline), 4-aminophenyl-2-chloroaniline;
Aromatic polyamine having secondary amino group [-NH of the above aromatic polyamine ₂ In which a part or all of is replaced by —NH—R ′ (where R ′ is an alkyl group such as a lower alkyl group such as methyl or ethyl)], for example, 4,4′-di (methylamino) diphenylmethane, 1-methyl -2-methylamino-4-aminobenzene;
[0061]
(5) Polyamide polyamine [for example, low molecular weight polyamide polyamine obtained by condensation of dicarboxylic acid (dimer acid etc.) and excess (more than 2 mol per mol of acid) polyamines (alkylene diamine, polyalkylene polyamine etc.)] ;
(6) Polyether polyamine [hydride of cyanoethylated polyether polyol (polyalkylene glycol, etc.)];
(7) Cyanoethylated polyamines [for example, cyanoethylated polyamines obtained by addition reaction of acrylonitrile and polyamines (the above alkylenediamine, polyalkylenepolyamine, etc.), such as biscyanoethyldiethylenetriamine, etc.
(8) Hydrazines (such as hydrazine and monoalkylhydrazine), dihydrazides (such as succinic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid dihydrazide and terephthalic acid dihydrazide), guanidines (such as butylguanidine and 1-cyanoguanidine); and dicyandiamide Etc .; and mixtures of two or more thereof.
Of these polyamines, polyamide polyamines are preferred.
[0062]
Amino alcohols include alkanolamines such as mono-, di- and tri-alkanolamines (monoethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, monobutanolamine, triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, etc.); ₁ ~ C _Four ) Substrate [N, N-dialkylmonoalkanolamine (N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, etc.), N-alkyldialkanolamine (N-methyldiethanolamine, N-butyldiethanolamine, etc.)] And quaternized nitrogen atoms by quaternizing agents such as dimethyl sulfate or benzyl chloride.
Of these, monoethanolamine is preferred.
[0063]
The compound containing an epoxy group may be aliphatic, alicyclic, heterocyclic or aromatic.
[0064]
Examples of the aromatic group include glycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols and glycidyl aromatic polyamines.
Examples of the glycidyl ether of polyhydric phenol include bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol B diglycidyl ether, bisphenol AD diglycidyl ether, bisphenol S diglycidyl ether, halogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, tetrachloro Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, catechin diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, hydroquinone diglycidyl ether, pyrogallol triglycidyl ether, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene diglycidyl ether, dihydroxybiphenyl diglycidyl ether, octachloro-4,4'-dihydroxy Biphenyl diglycidyl ether, phenol or cresol novo A glycidyl ether of a rack resin, a diglycidyl ether obtained from a reaction of 2 mol of bisphenol A and 3 mol of epichlorohydrin, a polyglycidyl ether of polyphenol obtained by a condensation reaction of phenol and glycoxal, glutaraldehyde, or formaldehyde, And polyglycidyl ethers of polyphenols obtained by the condensation reaction of resorcin and acetone.
Examples of the glycidyl aromatic polyamine include N, N-diglycidylaniline and N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyldiphenylmethanediamine.
Furthermore, in the present invention, as the aromatic system, a diglycidyl urethane compound obtained by addition reaction of tolylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate and glycidol, a glycidyl group-containing polyurethane (pre) polymer obtained by reacting the two reactants with a polyol. And diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A alkylene oxide (ethylene oxide or propylene oxide) adducts.
[0065]
Heterocyclic systems include trisglycidyl melamine.
[0066]
Alicyclics include vinylcyclohexene dioxide, limonene dioxide, dicyclopentadiene dioxide, bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, ethylene glycol bisepoxy dicyclopentyl ale, 3,4-epoxy-6-methyl. Cyclohexylmethyl-3 ′, 4′-epoxy-6′-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate, and bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) Butylamine is mentioned. Moreover, as an alicyclic type | system | group, the nuclear hydrogenation thing of the said aromatic polyepoxide compound is also included.
[0067]
Examples of the aliphatic type include polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols, polyglycidyl esters of polyhydric fatty acids, and glycidyl aliphatic amines.
Examples of polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tetramethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether. , Pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, and sorbitol polyglycidyl ether.
Examples of the polyglycidyl ester of polyvalent fatty acid include diglycidyl adipate.
Examples of the glycidyl aliphatic amine include N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl hexamethylenediamine.
In the present invention, the aliphatic system also includes a (co) polymer of glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
[0068]
Of these, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is preferred.
[0069]
Examples of the compound having an active methylene group include homopolymers or copolymers of an active methylene group-containing α, β-unsaturated compound such as acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate.
[0070]
A compound (y or Z) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group such as a compound having a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group, or an active methylene group may be used alone. Can also be used in combination of two or more.
[0071]
The equivalent ratio of the blocked isocyanate group in the urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) to 1 equivalent of the functional group capable of reacting with the isocyanate group of (y) in the adhesion imparting agent (D) is From the viewpoint of property, it is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.9 or more, preferably 5 or less, more preferably 3 or less, and most preferably 1.1 or less.
[0072]
Further, the equivalent ratio of the blocked isocyanate group in the blocked product (X) of the urethane prepolymer to 1 equivalent of the functional group capable of reacting with the isocyanate group of (y) in the adhesion imparting agent (D) is From the viewpoint of residual amine value, it preferably exceeds 1.1, more preferably 1.2 or more, most preferably 1.3 or more, and from the viewpoint of adhesion, preferably 20 or less, more preferably 5 or less. Most preferably, it is 3 or less.
[0073]
Further, the equivalent ratio of the blocked isocyanate group in (X) to 1 equivalent of the functional group capable of reacting with the isocyanate group of (Z) is from the point of cured product properties (breaking strength, breaking elongation). Is preferably 5 to 0.5 equivalents, more preferably 3 to 0.9 equivalents, and particularly preferably 2 to 1.1 equivalents.
[0074]
In the polyurethane paste composition of the present invention (i), the blending ratio of the plasticizer (B), the filler (C), and the adhesion-imparting agent (D) to the fine particles (A) is as follows. Ie:
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (B) is preferably 50 parts by weight or more, more preferably 70 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of paste viscosity, and preferably 300 parts by weight or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of breaking strength. 200 parts by weight or less.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (C) is preferably 1 part by weight or more, more preferably 50 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of solidified hardness, and preferably 300 parts by weight or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of elongation at break. Is 200 parts by weight or less.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (D) is preferably 1 part by weight or more, more preferably 5 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, and preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of paste viscosity. 30 parts by weight or less.
(D) consists of a urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) comprising a polyol and an organic isocyanate, and a compound (y) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (X) is preferably 0.9 parts by weight or more, more preferably 1.5 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, and preferably 90 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of paste viscosity. More preferably, it is 20 parts by weight or less.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (y) is preferably 0.1 parts by weight or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, and preferably 10 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of paste viscosity. More preferably, it is 5 parts by weight or less.
[0075]
In the paste composition of the present invention (ii), the blending ratio of the plasticizer (B), the filler (C), and the adhesion-imparting agent (D) to the fine particles (A) is the same as that of the paste composition (i) of the present invention. Although the same as defined above, the quantitative ratio of (X) and (y) to (A) is as follows. Ie:
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (X) is preferably 0.9 parts by weight or more, more preferably 2 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, and preferably 90 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of paste viscosity. The amount is preferably 30 parts by weight or less.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (y) is preferably 0.1 parts by weight or more, more preferably 0.3 parts by weight or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, and preferably 10 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of paste viscosity. More preferably, it is 3 parts by weight or less.
[0076]
In the urethane resin composition of the present invention (iii), the blending ratio of the plasticizer (B), the filler (C) and the curing agent (D ′) to the fine particles (A) is as follows. Ie:
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (B) is 100 parts by weight or more, preferably 200 parts by weight or more, and 1000 parts by weight or less, preferably 400 parts by weight or less.
When (B) is less than 100 parts by weight, the paste viscosity is high and coating becomes difficult, and when (B) is more than 1000 parts by weight, sufficient breaking strength cannot be achieved.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (C) is 1 part by weight or more, preferably 100 parts by weight or more, and 1000 parts by weight or less, preferably 300 parts by weight or less. When (C) is smaller than 1 part by weight, it is difficult to adjust the viscosity at the time of coating, and when it is more than 1000 parts by weight, the elongation at break is significantly reduced.
(A) per 100 parts by weight, (D ′) exceeds 100 parts by weight, preferably 110 parts by weight or more, more preferably 150 parts by weight or more, 600 parts by weight or less, preferably 400 parts by weight or less. . When (D ′) is 100 parts by weight or less, sufficient breaking strength cannot be achieved, and when it is more than 600 parts by weight, (A) is relatively reduced, and the sagging prevention performance at the time of heating is lowered.
(D ′) comprises a urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) comprising a polyol and an organic isocyanate, and a compound (Z) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group in one molecule.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (X) exceeds 90 parts by weight, preferably 100 parts by weight or more, more preferably 150 parts by weight or more, and 300 parts by weight or less, preferably 200 parts by weight or less. When (X) is 90 parts by weight or less, sufficient breaking strength cannot be achieved, and when (X) exceeds 300 parts by weight, (A) is relatively reduced, so that the anti-sagging performance during heating is improved. descend.
(A) Per 100 parts by weight, (Z) exceeds 10 parts by weight, preferably 30 parts by weight or more, and 300 parts by weight or less, preferably 200 parts by weight or less. When (Z) is 10 parts by weight or less, sufficient breaking strength cannot be achieved, and when (Z) exceeds 300 parts by weight, the anti-sagging performance during heating deteriorates.
Moreover, it is preferable that (A) is contained 10weight% or more with respect to the whole urethane resin composition from a viewpoint of sagging prevention, and it is further more preferable that 15 weight% or more is contained.
Furthermore, from the viewpoint of mechanical properties of the cured product, it is preferable that the weight ratio of (X), (Z) and (B) satisfies the following formula (1).
(X) + (Z)> (B) (1)
[0077]
In the compositions of the present invention (i) to (iii), the pigment (E) can be added as necessary. Said (E) is not specifically limited, A well-known organic pigment and / or an inorganic pigment can be used.
Examples of the organic pigment include insoluble azo pigments, soluble azo pigments, copper phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, and inorganic pigments include chromate, ferrocyanide compounds, metal oxides, selenium sulfide compounds, metal salts, and the like. (Sulfates, silicates, carbonates, phosphates, etc.), carbon black and the like.
[0078]
In the compositions of the present invention (i) to (iii), the blending ratio of (E) to (A) is usually 0 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 3 parts per 100 parts by weight of (A). Parts by weight.
[0079]
If necessary, an anionic, cationic or nonionic dispersant (S) can be used. The blending ratio of (S) is usually 0 part by weight or more, preferably 1 part by weight or more, and 5 parts by weight or less, preferably 3 parts by weight or less based on the entire composition.
[0080]
Although the manufacturing method of the polyurethane paste composition of this invention (i) or (ii) is not specifically limited, The following methods are illustrated.
(1) A method in which the fine particles (A), (B), (C) and (D) are mixed together in a mixing apparatus.
(2) A method in which (A), (B) and (D) are mixed in advance and mixed with the powder of (C).
(3) A method in which a part or all of (B), (C), and (D) is previously contained at an arbitrary stage of producing the fine particles of (A).
[0081]
Although the manufacturing method of the urethane resin composition of the present invention (iii) is not particularly limited, the following methods are exemplified.
(1) A method in which (A), (B), (C), (X), (Z) and, if necessary, (E) and (S) are mixed together in a mixing apparatus.
(2) A method in which (A) and (B) are mixed in advance and then mixed with the powders of (C), (X), (Z) and (E) and (S) if necessary.
(3) A method in which (B), (C), (X), (Z) and, if necessary, part or all of (E) and (S) are contained in an arbitrary stage for producing (A). .
Of these, (2) is preferable.
[0082]
The apparatus for producing the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known mixing / dispersing apparatus can be used.
Examples of the mixing device include a high-speed shear mixing device (for example, a Henschel mixer), a low-speed mixing device (for example, a Nauta mixer, a planetary mixer, etc.), a bead mill, and a three roll.
Among these mixing apparatuses, the low speed mixing apparatus (Nauta mixer, planetary mixer) is preferable in the production of the composition of the present invention (iii).
[0083]
When the paste composition of the present invention (i) or (ii) is applied to a desired site and heated at a temperature of 100 to 180 ° C., the resin fine particles absorb the plasticizer and swell, and are integrated with the filler and solidified. It becomes.
The Tg of the solidified product is preferably -70 ° C to 10 ° C, more preferably -70 ° C to -30 ° C, from the viewpoint of preventing breakage of the solidified product at low temperatures.
[0084]
The urethane resin composition of the present invention (iii) is a functional group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group by removing the blocking agent of the blocked isocyanate when heated at a temperature of 100 to 180 ° C. after being applied to a desired site. Reacts and cures. Further, at the same time as this reaction, the resin fine particles absorb the plasticizer and swell, and this also reacts with the isocyanate group to form a stronger cured product.
The Tg of the cured product is preferably −70 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of preventing breakage of the cured product at low temperatures, preferably 10 ° C. or lower, and more preferably −30 ° C. or lower from the same viewpoint.
[0085]
The sealing material comprising the paste composition of the present invention (i) or (ii) is used for sealing automobile bodies, machine parts, etc., and is mainly applied to the steel plate joints and / or steel plate edges of the body of the automobile body. used.
Usually, it is used as a sol-like product having a desired fluidity at room temperature, but in applications where dripping during heating is a problem, such as for automobile mohawk parts, it is used in combination with a form-retaining agent or a paste composition An object can be impregnated into a support (nonwoven fabric, paper, fiber, film, etc.) and processed into a roll shape, a tape shape or a sheet shape and used.
[0086]
The composition of the present invention (iii) is also used as a sealer material for automobile bodies and undercoats, putty in the field of civil engineering / architecture, joint sealing materials, and the like. In particular, it is applied to a steel plate joint portion and / or a steel plate edge portion of an automobile body, and is heated and solidified to be suitably used as a sealer material.
[0087]
The composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 5,000 mPa · s to 300,000 mPa · s. 5,000 mPa · s or more is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing sagging during coating, and 300,000 mPa · s or less is preferable from the viewpoint of enabling discharge from the coating machine.
The viscosity of the composition can be measured with a BH viscometer.
[0088]
The composition of the present invention (i) or (ii) includes a thermoplastic resin (F) and / or a crystal that is solid at normal temperature and softens rapidly when heated to 80 ° C. or more as a shape retention agent. Compound (G) can be blended. The composition blended with (F) and / or (G) has a hardness at 25 ° C. (JIS
A) is preferably 20 or more, and preferably 80 or less from the viewpoint of workability.
The hardness can be measured according to JIS K6301.
[0089]
(F) is not particularly limited as long as it can be mixed and dispersed in other materials used, and examples thereof include addition polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition, and ring-opening polymerization resins.
[0090]
Addition polymerization resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly-p-xylylene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, fluororesin, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl ether, polybutadiene, etc. Examples thereof include polymers and copolymers thereof.
Examples of the polycondensation resin include polyamide, thermoplastic polyester, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, and polysulfone, and examples of the polyaddition resin include thermoplastic polyurethane. Examples of the ring-opening polymerization resin include alkylene oxide polymers such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and tetrahydrofuran, and polyacetal.
[0091]
(G) includes paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polymer wax, low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, modified wax, waxes such as beeswax, whale wax, carnauba wax, dodecadioic acid, pyromellitic acid, tri Examples thereof include polybasic acids such as merit acid, acid anhydrides and polyvalent metal salts thereof, dimethyl sulfone, camphor, urea and the like.
[0092]
The blending ratio of (F) and (G) to the fine particles (A) is usually 0 to 300 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, and (G) is usually 0 per 100 parts by weight of (A). -200 weight part, Preferably it is 10-100 weight part.
[0093]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further, this invention is not limited to this. In the following description, “parts” represents parts by weight and “%” represents% by weight.
[0094]
Production Example 1
The reaction vessel was charged with 900 parts of propylene oxide 2 mol-added bisphenol A terephthalate having a number average molecular weight of 2000 and a hydroxyl value of 56, dehydrated under reduced pressure at 140 ° C. for 2 hours, and then 1100 parts of ethyl acetate (diluting solvent) and 250 parts of MDI. Was added and reacted at 80 ° C. for 10 hours to obtain an isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer (hereinafter referred to as “prepolymer (a-1)”). The isocyanate group content of the prepolymer (a-1) was 1.8%.
In another container, 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [“PVA-235”, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.] and 700 parts of water were added, stirred and dissolved to obtain a PVA solution. Thereto, 300 parts of prepolymer (a-1) was added and mixed for 1 minute at a rotation speed of 10,000 rpm using an ultradisperser (manufactured by Yamato Kagaku) to obtain a dispersion.
This dispersion was transferred to another reaction vessel, 9 parts of isophoronediamine and 1 part of dibutylamine were added, and the reaction was carried out at 50 ° C. for 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, filtration and drying were performed to obtain urethane resin fine particles (A-1). The number average molecular weight (according to GPC measurement, the same applies hereinafter) of the urethane resin fine particles (A-1) is 40,000, Tg (hereinafter the same applies according to DSC measurement) is 90 ° C., SP value is 11.7, volume average The particle size is 5 μm and the ratio of spherical particles in the ratio of major axis / minor axis of 1.0 to 1.5 is 99% (observed with an electron microscope. That is, about 100 particles in the field of view with an electron microscope. Measured by taking a picture so that the number of
[0095]
Production Example 2
Into a reaction vessel, 160 parts of polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 400 and a hydroxyl value of 280 were added, dehydrated at 140 ° C. for 2 hours under reduced pressure, and then 40 parts of ethyl acetate (diluted solvent) and 200 parts of MDI were added. The reaction was carried out at 80 ° C. for 10 hours to obtain an isocyanate group-terminated urethane prepolymer [this is referred to as “prepolymer (a-2)”]. The isocyanate group content of the prepolymer (a-2) was 8.0%.
Disperse by adding 200 parts of prepolymer (a-2) to 720 parts of PVA solution described in Production Example 1 and mixing for 1 minute at 10,000 rpm using an ultradisperser (manufactured by Yamato Kagaku). A liquid was obtained.
This dispersion was transferred to another reaction vessel, 30 parts of isophoronediamine and 1 part of dibutylamine were added, and the reaction was carried out at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, filtration and drying were performed to obtain urethane resin fine particles (A-2). The number average molecular weight of the urethane resin fine particles (A-2) is 45,000, Tg is 65 ° C., SP value is 11.1, volume average particle diameter is 6 μm, and the ratio of major axis / minor axis is 1.0 to 1. The ratio of spherical particles in the range of .5 was 99% (observed with an electron microscope).
[0096]
Production Example 3
A 2-liter 4-necked Kolben equipped with a stirrer, thermometer and nitrogen inlet tube was charged with 800 parts (20 moles) of polypropylene glycol (hydroxyl value 280, molecular weight 400) and 522 parts (30 moles) toluylene diisocyanate, and nitrogen. The reaction was carried out for 5 hours while stirring at 70 to 75 ° C. in an air stream to obtain a urethane prepolymer (isocyanate group equivalent 661) having an active isocyanate content of 6.40%. Further, 182.7 parts (2.1 mol) of MEK oxime was gradually added to this product, and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. for about 1 hour, followed by absorption of isocyanate groups (2250 cm by infrared absorption spectrum). ^-1 ) Completely disappeared, and a viscous paste-like blocked urethane prepolymer (X-1) was obtained at room temperature.
[0097]
Examples 1 to 3 (present invention (i)), Comparative Examples 1 to 3
[Preparation of composition]
In the formulation shown in Table 1, after the materials were uniformly mixed using a planetary mixer, the polyurethane paste compositions of Examples 1 to 3 according to the present invention (i) by stirring and defoaming under vacuum for 1 hour, And the composition of Comparative Examples 1-3 was prepared.
[0098]
[Table 1]

[0099]
Polyamide L-2590: Dimer acid polyamine polyamidoamine (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries)
Polyamide L-45-3: Dimer acid-polyalkylene polyamine-based polyamidoamine (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries)
Plasticizer (# 41): Diphenyloctyl phosphate (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry)
Filler (heavy coal cal): Heavy calcium carbonate (“NS-100”, manufactured by Nitto Flour Industries)
Adhesiveness imparting agent equivalent ratio: Blocked urethane prepolymer (X-1) / polyamidoamine (y-1 or y-2)
[0100]
Examples 4 to 6 (present invention (ii)), Comparative Examples 4 to 5
[Preparation of composition]
After mixing the materials uniformly using a planetary mixer with the formulation shown in Table 2, the polyurethane paste compositions of Examples 4 to 6 according to the present invention (ii) by stirring and defoaming under vacuum for 1 hour, And the composition of Comparative Examples 4-5 was prepared.
[0101]
[Table 2]

[0102]
Examples 7 to 9 (present invention (iii)), Comparative Examples 6 to 8
[Preparation of urethane resin composition]
In the formulation shown in Table 3, the materials were uniformly mixed using a planetary mixer, and then stirred and degassed under vacuum for 1 hour, whereby Examples 7 to 9 according to the present invention (iii) and Comparative Examples 6 to 8 urethane resin compositions were prepared.
[0103]
[Table 3]

[0104]
[Evaluation test]
About each composition of Tables 1-3, it tested about what was required among the following items.
[0105]
(Paste viscosity)
The viscosity of each of the prepared compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured with a BH viscometer (manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd.) (rotation speed: 20 rpm, rotor No. 7).
[0106]
(Adhesion / shear adhesive strength)
Using a metal plate previously subjected to cationic electrodeposition coating as a test piece, each composition was applied in accordance with the method defined in JIS K6830, and then heated at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes for baking. Next, a shear adhesion test was performed according to the method defined in JIS K6830. The evaluation criteria for adhesion are as follows.
○: Complete cohesive failure
Δ: Trace destruction causing partial interface fracture
×: Complete interface peeling
[0107]
(Adhesion after immersion in warm water / shearing adhesive strength after immersion in warm water)
In the same manner as above, each composition was applied and baked, and then immersed in warm water at 40 ° C. for 10 days. Next, a shear adhesion test was performed according to the method defined in JIS K6830. The evaluation criteria were the same as in the case of the above adhesiveness.
[0108]
(Low temperature bending test)
A heat-resistant release paper is affixed on a test plate coated with cationic electrodeposition, and the prepared composition is applied on the test plate to a thickness of 100 mm × 30 mm and a thickness of 3 ± 1 mm, and solidified by heating at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. (Or cured). After this solidified (cured) product was held in a thermostatic bath at -30 ° C for 3 hours, it was quickly bent (within 2 seconds) by 180 ° and examined for flexibility.
○: No crack
Δ: Some cracks occurred
×: Break
[0109]
(Solidified (cured) physical properties)
A heat-resistant release paper is affixed onto a test plate coated with cationic electrodeposition, and the prepared composition is applied on the test plate to a thickness of 3 ± 1 mm, and is solidified (cured) by heating at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. It was. With respect to this solidified (cured) product, the breaking strength, elongation, and hardness (JIS A) at 25 ° C. were measured according to JIS K6301 (the dimensions of the test piece were as described in JIS K6301). The hardness was measured after overlapping the baked solidified (cured) products to a thickness of about 10 ± 1 mm.
[0110]
(Storage stability)
Each composition was stored at 35 ° C. for 7 days, and then the viscosity at 25 ° C. was measured (the viscosity meter manufacturer, model number, and measurement conditions are the same as the above paste viscosity). Evaluation was performed by calculating the thickening rate according to the following formula.
Thickening rate = [(viscosity after storage−initial viscosity) / initial viscosity] × 100
[0111]
(Sagging)
Each composition was applied in a semicircular bead shape with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm on a test plate coated with cationic electrodeposition, the test plate was held vertically, heated at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes, and taken out. After cooling to room temperature, the sagging flow distance was measured.
[0112]
(Amine number)
Each composition was applied in a semicircular bead shape having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm on a test plate subjected to cationic electrodeposition coating, and heated at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. About 2 g of the solidified product was collected in an Erlenmeyer flask, and 30 g of dimethylformamide was added and dissolved. Bromcresol green indicator was added and titrated with N / 100 hydrochloric acid standard solution. The point at which the color changed from blue to yellow was taken as the end point. The amine value was calculated based on the following formula. Similarly, a blank test is performed on 30 g of dimethylformamide, and the titration ml number at the blank test is A ′.
Amine value = (AA ′) × f × (1/100) × (1/1000) × 56.1 × 1000 × (1 / S)
= (((A−A ′) × f × 56.1) / S) / 100
= [(A-A ') * f * 0.561] / S
However, A: titration ml number of N / 100 hydrochloric acid standard solution
A ': titration ml number at the time of blank test of N / 100 hydrochloric acid standard solution
f: N / 100 hydrochloric acid standard solution titer
S: Sampling amount g
56.1 is the chemical formula amount of potassium hydroxide.
[0113]
(Overbaked yellowing)
Each composition was applied on a test plate coated with cationic electrodeposition so as to have a width of 45 mm and a thickness of 3 mm, and baked at 140 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, an intermediate coating and a white top coating were applied wet-on-wet and baked at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a reference coating plate. Then, the reference coating plate was further repeatedly baked three times under the conditions of 160 ° C. and 30 minutes, and a color difference (ΔE) with respect to the reference coating plate was measured to determine overbaking yellowing.
[0114]
The test results of the above evaluation tests are shown in Tables 4 to 6 for the compositions shown in Tables 1 to 3, respectively.
[0115]
[Table 4]

[0116]
[Table 5]

[0117]
[Table 6]

[0118]
【The invention's effect】
The polyurethane paste compositions of the present invention (i) to (iii) have good physical properties such as low-temperature flexibility, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength of the solidified product, as in the case of conventional polyurethane paste compositions. Furthermore, the polyurethane paste composition of the present invention (i) is superior in adhesiveness to an electrodeposition plate and adhesiveness after immersion in hot water as compared with a conventional polyurethane paste composition. Further, the polyurethane paste composition of the present invention (ii) has the advantage that the yellowing of the top coating is less than that of the conventional polyurethane paste composition. Furthermore, the polyurethane composition of the present invention (iii) has the advantage that it has a higher breaking strength than the conventional polyurethane composition and is less likely to sag when heated.
Because of the above effects, the composition of the present invention is useful for automotive sealing compositions and undercoat compositions, sealing materials in the field of civil engineering / architecture, putty, joint sealing materials, and the like.

Claims (9)

  Fine particles comprising a polyurethane resin (a) containing particles having a major axis / minor axis ratio of 1.0 to 1.5 in a number average of 50% or more and a volume average particle size of 0.1 μm to 200 μm (A) 100 parts by weight, plasticizer (B) 100 parts by weight or more and 1000 parts by weight or less, filler (C) 1 part by weight or more and 1000 parts by weight or less, and curing agent (D ′) more than 100 parts by weight and 600 parts by weight A urethane resin composition consisting of A urethane resin composition comprising 10 parts by weight or more and 300 parts by weight or less of the compound (Z) having 2 or more per molecule. Functional groups in (Z) is a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group or a composition of claim 1 wherein the active methylene group. The composition according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the blocking agent (X) is an oxime compound. For functional group 1 equivalent capable of reacting with an isocyanate group of (Z), to the equivalent ratio of blocked isocyanate groups in the urethane prepolymer blocked product (X) is no claim 1 is 0.5 to 5 3 The composition in any one of. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the content of (A) is 10% by weight or more based on the total amount of the composition. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the weight ratio of (X), (Z) and (B) satisfies the following formula (1).
(X) + (Z)> (B) (1) Sealer material comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Hardened | cured material formed by heat-hardening the composition in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6 . An automobile body in which the sealer material according to claim 7 is applied to a steel plate joint portion and / or a steel plate edge portion of a vehicle body.