JP4597260B1 - Jig for forming implant cavity and surgical tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a jig for forming an implant cavity and a surgical tool, which can minimize the cutting of a jawbone by a drill even though the trouble of repeatedly replacing an auxiliary tool is eliminated.
A jig 1 includes a fixture 20 that extends from the lower surface of a housing 10 and is inserted into a front hole, and a bag portion 30 that is disposed on a peripheral side surface. When the jig 1 is attached to the handpiece and the handpiece is operated, the bag portion 30 swells in the front hole 91a to form an implant cavity. Therefore, when this jig 1 is used, there is no trouble of replacing the auxiliary tool many times as in the conventional surgical method, and if the bag part 30 before enlargement is inserted into the front hole 91a, the bag part is left. Since only 30 is widened, cutting of the jawbone with a drill is minimal. In addition, it is less invasive, has a low risk of neurovascular damage, etc., and can easily obtain good initial fixation even in poorly conditioned bone such as osteoporosis.

Description

  The present invention relates to a jig provided in a surgical tool for forming an implant cavity and a surgical tool provided with the jig.

  Conventionally, when forming an implant cavity, the bone is cut by a drill, but there is a problem that it cannot be formed in a place where the bone width is narrow, especially in a place where the bone width in the buccal tongue direction is narrow. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of auxiliary tools 100 (Patent Document 1) for forming an implant cavity having shafts formed in various thicknesses are used, and among these auxiliary tools, those having a smaller diameter are sequentially used. A surgical method has been devised in which an anterior cavity is formed by gradually expanding the anterior hole by inserting the anterior hole in the cancellous bone with a drill.

  With this surgical method, drilling of the jawbone is minimal, so there is less invasiveness, less risk of neurovascular damage, etc., and because the bone is compressed to enlarge the anterior hole, osteoporosis, etc. There is an advantage that good initial fixation (implant body is fixed at the time of implantation) can be easily obtained even in bones with poor conditions.

  As another method, a method of forming an implant cavity by inserting a shape memory alloy into the front hole and enlarging the shape memory alloy in the front hole has been considered (Patent Document 2).

JP 2007-313285 A JP 2009-125419 A

However, the surgical method using the above-mentioned auxiliary tool has to be performed by replacing a plurality of auxiliary tools a plurality of times, which is complicated and requires a lot of time and labor.
Further, the shape memory alloy has a drawback that it is not practical because it is difficult to exert a force capable of expanding the bone while compressing it to a prescribed size in the front hole.

  Therefore, in view of the above points, the present invention eliminates the complexity of replacing the auxiliary tool many times, has less invasiveness, has a low risk of neurovascular damage, and is good for bones with poor conditions such as osteoporosis. It is an object of the present invention to provide a practical jig for forming an implant cavity and an operation tool that can easily obtain initial fixation.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a jig that is attached to a distal end of a surgical instrument and operates when the surgical instrument is operated, and when the surgical instrument is operated, In the front hole drilled in the bone forming the implant cavity using the force received from the outside, the expansion direction perpendicular to the insertion direction into the front hole from the insertion position inserted into the front hole And an expanding means for forming the implant cavity.

  If this jig | tool is used, if an expansion means is inserted in a front hole and a surgical tool is operated, an expansion means will expand, compressing the bone around the front hole, and an implant fossa will be formed. That is, when this jig is used, the implant cavity can be formed simply by inserting the expansion means into the front hole and performing an operation on the surgical instrument to expand the expansion means.

Therefore, when this jig is used, unlike the conventional surgical method, there is no need to replace the auxiliary tool many times, and a minimum work is required.
The process of forming the implant cavity includes a process of enlarging the front hole, a process of finishing the expanded implant cavity, and a process of screwing the implant body into the finished implant cavity. In the step of enlarging, the enlargement means is inserted once into the front hole, and thereafter there is no step of putting things into the oral cavity, so that both the operator and the patient are less burdened and less invasive.

  Furthermore, when this jig is used, an implant cavity can be formed simply by expanding the expansion means within the anterior hole, so that the bone width can be expanded even when the bone width in the buccal tongue direction is narrow, and neurovascular damage, etc. Since the risk is low, it is possible to form an implant fossa that can obtain a good initial fixation even in bones with poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

Furthermore, since this jig uses the force received from the outside to expand the expansion means, the expansion means can be reliably expanded in the front hole.
By the way, the jig of the present invention has a structure that supports the enlargement means at one place on the outer edge of the bone, and there is a variation in hardness within the bone, so when spreading the enlargement means, a large reaction from the bone May receive force in one direction.
In such a case, the position of the jig is displaced, and as a result, the position of the enlargement means in the front hole is also displaced, so that the enlargement means may spread unevenly in the front hole.
Therefore, the present invention extends from a housing that supports the enlargement means so as to be enlarged, and when inserted into the front hole together with the enlargement means, the jig is inserted into the bone forming the implant cavity in the front hole. A fixing means for fixing is provided.
If this jig is used, the jig can be supported at two locations, the inside of the bone and the outer edge of the bone, so that the position of the expanding means in the front hole can be reliably fixed.
Therefore, if the jig of the present invention is used, an implant cavity having a stable shape can be formed. Further, only the direction of the buccal tongue where the bone width is insufficient may be enlarged using the jig of the present invention, and then the implant fossa may be formed using a conventional drill.
The fixing means is preferably inserted into the bottom of the front hole.
By the way, the expansion means may be formed in a spiral shape that expands in the expansion / contraction direction perpendicular to the insertion direction into the implant cavity when air or water is injected.

  Further, in the present invention, the enlargement means that spreads evenly in the enlargement direction perpendicular to the insertion direction into the front hole is shown. However, the term “equal” means not only that it is uniform over the entire circumference, that is, the entire 360 °. Further, it may be evenly spread in a specific direction, for example, 180 ° intervals and 120 ° intervals.

  Therefore, for example, as described in claim 2, when the operation tool is operated by inserting a plurality of moving parts that can move in the enlargement direction and inserting each moving part into the front hole as an enlargement unit The moving units may be configured to move in different directions.

  Further, as described in claim 3, the enlarging means may include only a pair of moving parts. When the pair of moving parts are provided, it is preferable that the moving parts move in opposite directions when the surgical parts are inserted into the front hole and the surgical instrument is operated in a state where the moving parts are assembled.

In addition, as described in claim 4, the magnifying means may be configured to be rotatable about the fixing means as the rotation axis in accordance with the operation of the surgical instrument.

Also, as described in claim 5, the jig may be is configured to be detachable from the surgical instrument, it is a matter of course that may be fixed.

  By the way, although the jig | tool described in Claims 1-4 is assumed to be used by attaching to the front-end | tip of what is called a handpiece, in order to achieve the objective of this invention mentioned above, it is like the surgical instrument of Claim 6. You may comprise.

  The surgical instrument described in claim 6 includes the jig described in claims 1 to 4 and a pair of operation rods, and operates the operation rods on the side opposite to the side on which the jig is attached. When the operation is performed so that the side end portions approach each other, the operation rods are assembled so as to be rotatable with respect to each other so that the enlargement means moves in a direction in which the enlargement means is evenly expanded.

  If this surgical tool is used, the magnifying means can be expanded in the magnifying direction simply by operating the operation side end portions of the operating rod to approach each other. Therefore, if this surgical tool is used, the implant cavity can be formed simply by inserting the expansion means into the front hole and grasping the operation side end of the operation rod.

Therefore, when this surgical tool is used, there is no trouble of replacing the auxiliary tool many times as in the conventional surgical method, and a minimum work is required.
The process of forming the implant cavity includes a process of enlarging the front hole, a process of finishing the expanded implant cavity, and a process of screwing the implant body into the finished implant cavity. In the step of enlarging, the enlargement means is inserted once into the front hole, and thereafter there is no step of putting things into the oral cavity, so that both the operator and the patient are less burdened and less invasive.

  Furthermore, with this surgical tool, an implant cavity can be formed simply by expanding the enlargement means within the anterior hole, so that the bone width can be expanded even when the bone width in the buccal and lingual direction is narrow, and neurovascular and neurovascular damage Therefore, it is possible to form an implant fossa that can obtain a good initial fixation even in bone with poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

  Furthermore, this surgical tool can expand the enlargement means by using the force received from the outside that grips the operation side end of each operation rod, so that the enlargement means can be reliably expanded in the front hole.

It is explanatory drawing of the jig | tool of 1st Embodiment, (a) is a side view of the jig | tool which the expansion part contracted, (b) is a side view of the jig | tool with which the expansion part expanded. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a mode that an implant cavity is formed using the jig | tool of 1st Embodiment, (a) shows a mode that the front hole was formed in the cancellous bone, (b) contracted. The enlarged part is shown inserted into the anterior hole, (c) shows the enlarged part in the middle of the cancellous bone, and (d) shows that the enlarged part is completely expanded and the implant fossa is formed. (E) shows a state in which the enlarged portion is removed from the implant cavity, and (f) shows a state in which the implant body is inserted into the implant cavity. It is explanatory drawing of the jig | tool of 2nd Embodiment, (a) is a side view of the jig | tool with which the expansion core was closed, (b) is AA 'sectional drawing of (a), (c) is an expansion core open. (D) is a BB 'cross-sectional view of (c). It is explanatory drawing of the jig | tool of 2nd Embodiment, (a) is sectional drawing of the jig | tool cut | disconnected by the plane parallel to the moving direction of an expansion core through the axial center of the fixing tool 20, (b) is jigs. (C) (d) is a sectional view of the transmission tool constituting the jig, (c) of which shows the state that the moving shaft portion does not protrude from the rotation support portion, (d) The mode which the movement shaft part protruded from the rotation support part is shown, (e) is CC 'sectional drawing of (a). FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D ′ in FIG. The jig | tool of 2nd Embodiment was shown with sectional drawing cut | disconnected by the plane parallel to the moving direction of an expansion core through the axial center of a fixing tool, and has shown a mode that the expansion core opened. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view cut at a position corresponding to the D-D ′ cross section of FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating typically a mode that an implant cavity is formed using the jig | tool of 2nd Embodiment, (a) shows a mode that the front hole was formed in cancellous bone, (b) closed (C) shows a state in which the expansion core is in the process of expanding within the cancellous bone, (d) shows a state in which the expansion core is completely expanded, and (e) ( f) shows the position of the implant fossa to be formed, and is a plan view of the cancellous bone as viewed from above, and (e) is a view showing the state where the expansion core of (d) is completely expanded. , (F) is a diagram showing the position where the expansion core is expanded by closing the expansion core and rotating the jig by a predetermined angle, and then the position where the expansion core expands is indicated by a dotted line, (g) shows a state where the enlarged portion is removed from the implant fossa, (H) The implant body is shown inserted into the implant cavity. It is explanatory drawing of the surgical tool of 3rd Embodiment, (a) is a top view, (b) is an enlarged view of the part shown by the dotted line in (a), About a jig | tool, it passes along the axial center of a fixing tool. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the moving direction of the expansion core. It is explanatory drawing which showed other embodiment of a jig | tool, (a) is a state where the expansion core was closed, (b) is a top view which looked up at the bottom face of the jig from the bottom, (c) opened the expansion core. Of these, (a) and (c) are cross-sectional views of the jig cut along a plane passing through the center of the fixture and parallel to the direction of movement of the expansion core. ing. It is explanatory drawing which showed other embodiment of the jig | tool, (a) has shown the mode that the expansion core was closed, (b) has shown the mode that the expansion core was opened. In these figures, the jig is shown in a sectional view taken along a plane that passes through the axial center of the fixture and is parallel to the moving direction of the expansion core. It is explanatory drawing which showed other embodiment of the jig | tool, (a) has shown the mode that the expansion core was closed, (b) has shown the mode that the expansion core was opened. In these figures, the jig is shown in a sectional view taken along a plane that passes through the axial center of the fixture and is parallel to the moving direction of the expansion core. It is the figure which showed other embodiment of the surgical instrument, (a) The top view of the surgical instrument which shows a mode that the front-end | tip of the surgical instrument opened, (b) is the figure seen from the direction shown by the arrow E of (a). (C) A plan view of the surgical instrument showing the closed state of the distal end of the surgical instrument, (d) is a view seen from the direction indicated by arrow F in (c), and (e) is an E- of (d). It is E 'sectional drawing. In (d), the first support rod is shown in a transparent view. This is a conventional auxiliary tool for forming an implant.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1A, the jig 1 of this embodiment is used by being attached to the tip of a handpiece 5 used for dental treatment in dentistry or the like. The handpiece 5 is configured to be able to supply water to the jig 1, and the jig 1 is also configured to be able to supply water from the handpiece 5.

  The jig 1 includes a housing 10 attached to a tip portion of the handpiece 5 and a fixture formed in a needle shape extending from a surface opposite to the side on which the housing 10 is attached to the handpiece 5. 20 and a bag portion 30 disposed around the front end portion of the fixture 20.

Among these, the housing 10 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the fixture 20 extends from the center of the bottom surface of the housing 10 toward the lower side of the housing 10 along the central axis of the housing 10. Yes.
Further, the housing 10 is configured to be able to supply water received from the handpiece 5 to the bag portion 30 via a water supply path (not shown) in the housing 10 when the housing 10 is attached to the handpiece 5. Is sized to form an implant cavity when it is inflated the most.

Therefore, when the handpiece 5 is operated so that water is supplied to the jig 1, the bag portion 30 expands from a state where the bag portion 30 is contracted around the fixture 20 to a size where an implant cavity is formed.
In the following description, the side on which the casing 10 is attached to the handpiece 5 is referred to as the upper side, and the opposite side, and the side on which the fixing tool 20 described later is attached to the casing 10 is referred to as the lower side.

Next, a method for forming an implant cavity using the jig 1 of this embodiment will be described.
When forming the implant cavity using this jig 1, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the cortical bone 90 is cut with a drill or the like to a size that allows the housing 10 to be fitted. Then, the cancellous bone 91 that is exposed to the outside when the cortical bone 90 is shaved is formed in the cancellous bone 91 with a front hole 91a having a size capable of inserting the fixing tool 20 and the closed bag portion 30.

  When this front hole 91a is opened, the jig 1 is attached to the tip of the handpiece, and as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the fixture 20 and the bag portion 30 of the jig 1 are inserted into the front hole 91a to cortex. The jig 1 is applied to the bone so that the housing 10 fits into the hole 90a from which the bone 90 has been cut. At this time, the distal end of the fixture 20 is inserted into the cancellous bone 91 at the bottom of the front hole 91a, so that the jig 1 moves the cortex bone 20 to the place where the housing 10 is fitted and the fixture 20 in front. It is fixed at two places, the place inserted into the bottom of the hole.

  Then, the handpiece 5 is operated to supply water to the jig 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 2C, the bag portion 30 starts to expand in the cancellous bone 91 and expands while compressing the surrounding cancellous bone 91. When fully inflated, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), an implant cavity 91 b having a size capable of inserting the implant body is formed in the cancellous bone 91.

  When the implant cavity 91b is formed, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), the fixture 20 and the bag 30 are extracted from the implant cavity 91b, and the implant cavity 91b is implanted into the implant cavity 91b as shown in FIG. 2 (f). Insert the body 92.

  As described above, when the jig 1 of the present embodiment is used, the bag portion 30 can be obtained by inserting the fixture 20 and the bag portion 30 into the front hole 91a (FIG. 2A) and operating the handpiece 5. Expands in the bone provided with the anterior hole 91a to form an implant cavity 91b (FIG. 2 (e)). That is, when this jig 1 is used, the implant cavity 91b can be formed simply by inserting the bag portion 30 into the front hole 91a and enlarging the bag portion 30.

Therefore, when this jig 1 is used, there is no trouble of replacing the auxiliary tool many times as in the conventional surgical method.
The process of forming the implant cavity 91b includes the process of enlarging the aforementioned front hole, the process of finishing the expanded implant cavity 91b, and the process of screwing the implant body 20 into the finished implant cavity 91b. 1 is used, in the process of enlarging the front hole 91a, the bag portion 30 is only inserted once into the front hole 91a, and thereafter there is no process of putting things into the oral cavity, and both the surgeon and the patient are less burdened. , Less invasive.

  Further, when this jig 1 is used, the implant cavity 91b can be formed simply by expanding the bag portion 30 in the front hole 91a, so that the bone width can be increased even in a place where the bone width is narrow in the buccal tongue direction, and the neurovascular Therefore, the implant fossa 91b can be formed which can obtain a good initial fixation even in a bone having poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

  In the present embodiment, when the bag portion 30 is inserted into the front hole 91a, the tip of the fixture 20 is inserted into the cancellous bone 91 to fix the jig 1, and the housing 10 is formed in the cortical bone 90. The hole 90a is fitted and fixed. Therefore, the jig 1 is fixed at two locations, the inside of the bone and the outer edge of the bone, and the jig 1 is not shaken by the expansion operation of the bag portion 30, so that the implant cavity 91b having a stable shape can be formed. .

The expansion means of the present invention corresponds to the bag portion 30 of the present embodiment, and the fixing means of the present invention corresponds to the fixing tool 20.
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Below, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the jig 1 according to the present embodiment is a pair that moves in the left-right direction with respect to the fixture 20, instead of the bag portion 30 used in the first embodiment. The expansion core 40 is provided. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), each expansion core 40 wraps around the fixture 20 when closed, and each of the expansion cores 40 and the fixture 20 has a semicircular column shape with a circular cross section. Is formed.

  When the expansion core 40 is powered from the handpiece 5, as shown in FIGS. 3 (c) and 3 (d), the extension core 40 is in the left-right direction (the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixture 20). , In a direction opposite to each other when viewed from the fixture 20.

Hereinafter, the jig 1 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the jig 1 includes a power transmission unit 11 that transmits power from the handpiece 5. The power transmission unit 11 includes a rotation support unit 12 formed in a cylindrical shape, a moving shaft unit 13 (see FIGS. 4C and 4D) that moves up and down when the rotation support unit 12 rotates, And a wedge portion 14 fixed to the tip of the moving shaft portion 13.

  Among these, the rotation support portion 12 has an upper end portion protruding from the housing 10, and this protruding portion is fitted to the handpiece 5 when the jig 1 is attached to the handpiece 5. When the handpiece 5 is operated, the rotation support portion 12 receives a rotational driving force from the handpiece 5 and rotates. Note that the handpiece 5 of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that a rotational force is applied to the rotation support portion 12 when the upper end of the rotation support portion 12 is inserted.

  The upper portion 10a of the housing 10 is formed in a thick disk shape with a central portion hollowed out in order to fix the rotation support portion 12 rotatably. The rotation support portion 12 is attached to the housing 10 so as to protrude upward from the housing 10 through a hollow hole 19 (see FIG. 4B) formed in the upper portion 10a. Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, a bearing 10b is installed on the wall surface of the hollow hole 19 in the upper portion 10a of the housing 10 so that the rotation support portion 12 rotates smoothly. 12 is rotatably fixed to the housing 10 via the bearing 10b.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D, the rotation support portion 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a screw groove is carved inside, and a bottom portion is opened. Further, the moving shaft portion 13 is formed in a columnar shape, and screw grooves having the same pitch as the screw grooves carved in the rotation support portion 12 are carved on the outer surface. Therefore, when the rotation support portion 12 is rotated by the rotational force received from the handpiece 5, the moving shaft portion 13 moves in the vertical direction at a moving speed corresponding to the pitch of these screw grooves.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (e), the wedge portion 14 has two cross-sectional sides with the lower end as the apex, and two sides having the same length from the apex to the upper left and right (hereinafter referred to as “the oblique sides”). The side opposite to the apex of the lower end is formed in an isosceles triangle shape in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation support portion 12.

  On the other hand, each of the expansion cores 40 has an upper end portion 40a disposed in the housing 10 having a thicker shape than a portion disposed outside the housing 10, and each upper end portion 40a includes An inclined surface 40b extending from the upper end surface of the expansion core 40 to a surface in contact with the other expansion core is formed, and the inclined surface 40b is formed at an angle in surface contact with any one of the oblique sides 14a of the wedge portion 14. Yes.

  When the upper ends of the respective expansion cores 40 are brought into contact with each other, the inclined surface 40b formed on each expansion core 40 has a V-shaped cross section, and the tip of the wedge portion 14 is fitted to the V-shaped portion. Each expansion core 40 and the wedge part 14 are arrange | positioned so that it may become.

  When the jig 1 configured as described above is attached to the tip of the handpiece 5, power is applied from the handpiece 5 and the rotation support portion 12 is rotated, the moving shaft portion 13 and the wedge portion 14 move downward. To do. Then, the oblique side 14a of the wedge portion 14 slides on the inclined surface 40b of the expansion core 40, and as shown in FIG. 5, each expansion core 40 is pushed in the left-right direction to move each expansion core 40 in the left-right direction.

  The jig 1 is provided with a biasing tool (not shown) that biases the expansion cores 40 in a direction in which they are in contact with each other, and the handpiece 5 moves from the handpiece 5 to the jig 1 so that the wedge portion 14 moves upward. When power is applied, the expansion cores 40 move in a direction in which they contact each other, and finally the upper end portions come into contact as shown in FIG.

In addition, the jig 1 is configured to rotate a predetermined angle around the axis center of the fixture 20 when the wedge portion 14 reciprocates once in the vertical direction.
Next, a method for forming an implant cavity using the jig 1 of this embodiment will be described.

  When forming an implant cavity using this jig 1, first, as shown in FIG. 6A, the cortical bone 90 is cut with a drill to a size that allows the implant body to be fitted. And the front hole 91a which can insert the fixing tool 20 and a pair of expansion core 40 is formed in the cancellous bone 91 exposed outside when this cortical bone 90 is shaved.

  When the front hole 91a is opened, as shown in FIG. 6B, the jig 1 is attached to the tip of the handpiece, and the fixture 20 of the jig 1 and the pair of expansion cores 40 are inserted into the front hole 91a. Then, the jig 1 is applied to the bone so that the housing 10 fits into the hole 90a in which the cortical bone 90 is cut. At this time, since the tip of the fixing tool 20 is inserted into the cancellous bone 91 at the bottom of the front hole 91a, the jig 1 moves the portion where the housing 10 is fitted to the cortical bone 20 and the fixing tool 20 to the front. It is fixed at two places, the place inserted into the bottom of the hole.

  Then, the handpiece 5 is operated to transmit power from the handpiece 5 to the jig 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), each expansion core 40 moves to the left and right while compressing the surrounding cancellous bone 91, and as shown in FIGS. 6 (d) and 6 (e), the original front hole 91a is formed. It is pushed right and left.

  Thereafter, when the handpiece 5 is operated to apply power to the jig 1 so that the rotation support portion 12 rotates in a direction opposite to the direction in which each expansion core 40 is moved in the direction of spreading, the wedge portion 14 is lifted, and thus the drawing is not shown. The urging tool returns to a position where the expansion cores 40 contact each other, and at this time, the jig 1 rotates by a predetermined angle. As shown in FIG. 6 (f), the jig 1 has a hole (in FIG. 6 (f)) adjacent to a hole (a solid line hole in FIG. 6 (f)) opened in the cancellous bone 91 before rotation. It is rotated so that a dotted hole) can be formed. Therefore, when power is again applied from the handpiece 5 to the jig 1 thereafter, each expansion core 40 spreads at that position, and a hole indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 6F can be formed. When such an operation is repeated, the implant cavity 91b capable of fixing the implant body is formed.

  When the implant cavity 91b is formed, as shown in FIG. 6 (g), the fixture 20 and the pair of expansion cores 40 are extracted from the implant cavity 91b, and as shown in FIG. 6 (h), the implant cavity 91b. Insert the implant body into.

When the jig 1 described above is used, the implant cavity 91b can be formed simply by inserting the pair of expansion cores 40 into the front hole 91a and repeating the operation of expanding to the left and right.
Therefore, when this jig 1 is used, there is no trouble of replacing the auxiliary tool many times as in the conventional surgical method.

  The process of forming the implant cavity 91b includes the process of enlarging the aforementioned front hole, the process of finishing the expanded implant cavity 91b, and the process of screwing the implant body 20 into the finished implant cavity 91b. 1 is used, in the step of enlarging the front hole 91a, the pair of expansion cores 40 are only inserted once into the front hole 91a, and thereafter there is no step of putting things into the oral cavity. Is less invasive.

  Furthermore, when this jig 1 is used, since the implant fossa 91b can be formed simply by repeatedly widening the pair of expansion cores 40 in the front hole 91a, the bone width can be expanded even in a narrow bone width direction in the buccal tongue direction, In addition, since the risk of neurovascular damage and the like is low, it is possible to form the implant fossa 91b that can obtain good initial fixation even in bones with poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

  Further, when this jig 1 is used, the implant cavity 91b can be formed simply by expanding the bag portion 30 in the front hole 91a, so that the bone width can be increased even in a place where the bone width is narrow in the buccal tongue direction, and the neurovascular Therefore, the implant fossa 91b can be formed which can obtain a good initial fixation even in a bone having poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

  Further, in this embodiment, when the pair of expansion cores 40 are inserted into the front holes 91 a, the tip of the fixture 20 is inserted into the cancellous bone 91 to fix the jig 1, and the housing 10 is attached to the cortical bone 90. It fits and is fixed in the formed hole 90a. Therefore, the jig 1 is fixed at two locations, the inside of the bone and the outer edge of the bone, and the jig 1 is not shaken by the expansion operation of the expansion core 40, so that the implant cavity 91b having a stable shape can be formed. .

The fixing means of the present invention corresponds to the fixing tool 20 of the present embodiment, and the moving unit of the present invention corresponds to the expansion core 40 of the present embodiment.
(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described.

In the surgical instrument 6 of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the jig 1 is attached to the tip of one of the two operating rods 60, 61 formed in a scissor shape. .
The jig 1 provided in the surgical tool 6 is different from the jig 1 provided in the second embodiment in that it does not include the rotation support portion 12 and the bearing 10b. The hole 10 extends upward through the hollow hole 19 provided in the housing 10 and is connected to the tip of the operation rod 61.

  When the surgical instrument 6 configured as described above is operated so that the rear end portions of the operation rods 60 and 61 approach each other, the moving shaft portion 13 pushes the wedge portion 14 downward, and each expansion core 40 is pushed. Push left and right.

  Moreover, the jig 1 of this embodiment also includes a biasing tool (not shown) that biases each expansion core 40 in a direction in which the expansion cores 40 are in contact with each other, as in the second embodiment. When the end portions are operated so as to move away from each other, the respective expansion cores 40 move in a direction in which they contact each other, and finally contact each other.

Further, the jig 1 is configured to rotate a predetermined angle around the axial center of the fixture 20 when each wedge portion 14 reciprocates once in the vertical direction.
Even when this surgical instrument 6 is used, an implant cavity can be formed by repeatedly expanding and contracting each expansion core 40 in the front hole 91b.

  As described above, the fixture 20 and the pair of expansion cores 40 of the jig 1 of the present embodiment are inserted into the front hole 91a, and the pair of expansion cores 40 are expanded or returned to their original positions in the front hole. By repeating the operation, the anterior hole can be expanded to an implant fossa that is optimally sized for initial fixation of the implant. That is, when this jig 1 is used, the implant fossa 91b can be formed simply by inserting a pair of expansion cores 40 into the front hole 91a and repeating the operation of spreading left and right.

  Therefore, when this jig 1 is used, there is no trouble of replacing the auxiliary tool many times as in the conventional surgical method, and the front hole 91a is formed using a pin, and the pair of expansion cores 40 are formed. Once inserted into the front hole 91a, the pair of expansion cores 40 are simply repeatedly expanded or narrowed, so that cutting of the jawbone with a drill is minimized.

  The process of forming the implant cavity 91b includes the process of enlarging the aforementioned front hole, the process of finishing the expanded implant cavity 91b, and the process of screwing the implant body 20 into the finished implant cavity 91b. 1 is used, in the step of enlarging the front hole 91a, the pair of expansion cores 40 are only inserted once into the front hole 91a, and thereafter there is no step of putting things into the oral cavity. Is less invasive.

  Furthermore, when this jig 1 is used, since the implant fossa 91b can be formed simply by repeatedly widening the pair of expansion cores 40 in the front hole 91a, the bone width can be expanded even in a narrow bone width direction in the buccal tongue direction, In addition, since the risk of neurovascular damage and the like is low, it is possible to form the implant fossa 91b that can obtain good initial fixation even in bones with poor conditions such as osteoporosis.

  Further, in this embodiment, when the pair of expansion cores 40 are inserted into the front holes 91 a, the tip of the fixture 20 is inserted into the cancellous bone 91 to fix the jig 1, and the housing 10 is attached to the cortical bone 90. It fits and is fixed in the formed hole 90a. Therefore, the jig 1 is fixed at two locations, the inside of the bone and the outer edge of the bone, and the jig 1 is not shaken by the expansion operation of the expansion core 40, so that the implant cavity 91b having a stable shape can be formed. .

The fixing means of the present invention corresponds to the fixing tool 20 of the present embodiment, and the moving unit of the present invention corresponds to the expansion core 40 of the present embodiment.
(Other embodiments)
(Modification 1)
In the above embodiment, the jig 1 for forming the implant cavity 91a for embedding the cylindrical implant body has been described. However, when a tapered implant cavity is formed, the jig as shown in FIG. Tool 1 may be used.

This jig 1 has a bottom surface 10f of the jig 1 formed in a concave mirror shape, and includes a power transmission unit 11 having the same structure as that of the second embodiment.
A pin 20 extending downward is provided from the center of the bottom surface 10f of the jig 1, and a pair of expansion cores 40 are disposed on the left and right sides of the pin.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the bottom surface 10f of the jig 1 is provided with a slit 10g extending in the left-right direction from the center, and the upper end of each expansion core 40 is connected to the housing through the slit 10g. It is arranged in the body 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8A, a curved guide groove 10i along the bottom surface of the jig 1 is provided on the wall surface 10h constituting the slit 10g. Guide protrusions 40i guided by 10i are provided.

Furthermore, the bottom part of the moving shaft part 13 which comprises the power transmission part 11 and the upper end of the expansion core 40 are connected with the transmission shaft 13a which transmits the motive power from the moving shaft part 13. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8C, when the jig 1 transmits power from the handpiece 5, the moving shaft portion 13 is lowered downward, and the movement is transmitted to each expansion core 40 by the transmission shaft 13 a. Then, the upper end side of each expansion core 40 moves along the curved surface of the bottom surface 10f of the jig 1 by moving the guide protrusion 40i along the guide groove 10i. It moves so that only the upper end opens to the left and right without moving.

  And when this jig | tool 1 is also the structure which rotates a predetermined angle around the axis | shaft of the housing | casing 10, if the moving shaft part 13 is moved up and down by the power transmission part 11, when the moving shaft part 13 is raised and lowered repeatedly, A tapered implant cavity is formed.

As described above, when the jig 1 of the first modification is used, a tapered implant cavity can be formed.
The effect of forming the implant cavity using this jig 1 is the same as that of the first to third embodiments.

(Modification 2)
The modification of the said modification 1 is shown.
As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the second modification is different from the first modification in that the bottom surface 10f of the jig 1 is formed in a flat shape, and power is transmitted from the power transmission unit 11. The only difference from the second modification is that each expansion core 40 translates left and right.

(Modification 3)
The modification of the said modification 2 is shown.
In the above modification, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the example in which power is transmitted by the rod-shaped moving shaft portion 13 has been described. However, the power transmitted from the power transmission portion 11 using the pinion 13 b or the like. May be transmitted to each expansion core 40.

In this case, a pair of pinions 13b may be disposed on the left and right sides of the moving shaft portion 13 so that the operation of each pinion 13b is transmitted to each expansion core 40.
If it does in this way, since each pinion 13b rotates in the opposite direction, each expansion core can be moved 40 right and left by transmitting operation of each pinion 13b to each expansion core 40.

(Modification 4)
In the said 3rd Embodiment, although the surgical tool 6 which attached the jig | tool which improved the jig | tool 1 used in 2nd Embodiment to the two operating rods 60 and 61 was demonstrated, in addition to FIG. As shown in FIG. 11D, when the expansion core 40 is attached to the tip of each operation rod 60, 61 and the rear ends of the operation rods 60, 61 are brought close to each other, the expansion core 40 opens (FIG. 11 (a) ( b)) When the rear ends of the operation rods 60 and 61 are moved away, the expansion cores 40 are closed (FIGS. 11 (c) and 11 (d)).

  The surgical tool 6 is rotatably attached to the rotation center 6a of each operation rod 60, 61, and extends from the rotation center 6a toward the distal end side where the expansion core 40 is provided. One support bar 63 is provided. A fixing tool 20 is provided at the tip of the first support rod. Further, a second support bar 64 and a third support bar 65 are extended from the front end of the first support bar 63 so as to be rotatable with respect to the front end of the first support bar 63. Yes.

  The second support rod 64 and the third support rod 65 are movable with respect to the operation rods 60 and 61 with respect to the movement holes 64a and 65a formed along the longitudinal direction of the operation rods 60 and 61. It is fixed to.

The second support rod 64 and the third support rod 65 prevent the operation rods 60 and 61 from being biased toward the operation rods 60 and 61 when the operation rods 60 and 61 are operated.
In addition, recessed portions 60a and 61a into which the expansion core 40 is fitted when the operation rods 60 and 61 are closed are formed at the tips of the operation rods 60 and 61.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11E, each expansion core 40 wraps the fixing tool 20 when the operation rods 60 and 61 are closed, and the entire expansion core 40 and the fixing tool 20 are cross-sectioned. It is formed in a columnar shape with a semicircular cross section so as to be circular.

  In the fourth modification, the surgical instrument 6 having the first support bar 63, the second support bar 64, and the third support bar 65 has been described. However, a simple type that does not include these may be used. Good.

(Modification 5)
In the above embodiment, the jig 1 having a structure in which the bag portion 30 is expanded or the pair of expansion cores 40 is expanded has been described. However, as the jig 1, for example, a structure in which three expansion cores 40 are expanded in three directions. Or four or more expansion cores 40 may be expanded in four directions.

(Modification 6)
In the above embodiment, the front hole 91a may be formed with a hand file or the like, but may be drilled with a drill or the like.

(Modification 7)
In the above embodiment, the jig 1 is detachable from the handpiece 5. However, the jig 1 is integrated with the handpiece 5, and an implant cavity is formed using the dedicated handpiece. May be.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as it matches the gist of the invention described in the claims.
(Modification 8)
In the above embodiment, the housing 10 is fitted into the hole 90a formed in the cortical bone 90, and the jig 1 is fixed at two locations, the outer edge of the bone and the inside, but the treatment is performed while watching the front hole 91a expanding. When it is desired to use, the housing 10 of the jig 1 may be used by floating from the bone.

  However, by making a slit in the housing 10 or making it from a transparent material, it is possible to treat while seeing the front hole 91a expanding while being fitted to the cortical bone 90a. It is of course possible to attach an indicator indicating the opening / closing rotation status of the expansion core 40 to the jig 1.

  Of course, the present invention can also be used in fields other than dentistry, medical departments, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Jig, 5 ... Handpiece, 6 ... Surgical tool, 10 ... Housing, 10a ... Upper part, 10b ... Bearing, 11 ... Power transmission part, 12 ... Rotation support part, 13 ... Moving shaft part, 14 ... Wedge , 19 ... hollow hole, 20 ... fixing tool, 30 ... bag part, 40 ... expansion core, 40a ... upper end part, 40b ... inclined surface, 60, 61 ... operating rod, 90 ... cortical bone, 91 ... cancellous bone, 91a ... anterior hole, 91b ... implant fossa.

Claims (6)

A jig that is attached to the distal end of a surgical instrument and operates when the surgical instrument is operated,
When the surgical instrument is operated, the force received from the outside is used to move from the insertion position inserted into the front hole to the front hole in the front hole drilled in the bone forming the implant cavity. spread evenly expanding direction perpendicular to the insertion direction, Bei example the expansion means for forming said implant fossa,
Extending from a housing that supports the enlargement means so as to be enlarged, and when inserted into the front hole together with the enlargement means, the jig is fixed by being inserted into the bone forming the implant cavity in the front hole. A jig for forming an implant cavity characterized by comprising a fixing means . The enlargement means includes
A plurality of moving parts movable in the enlargement direction are provided, and when the surgical tools are operated by inserting the moving parts into the front hole in a state where the moving parts are assembled, the moving parts move in different directions. The jig according to claim 1. The enlargement means includes
A pair of the moving parts are provided, and the moving parts move in opposite directions when inserted into the front hole in a state where the moving parts are assembled and operated on the surgical instrument. 2. The jig according to 2. The enlargement means includes
    The jig according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the jig is configured to be rotatable about the fixing means according to an operation of the surgical instrument.   The jig according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the jig is detachable from the surgical instrument. A jig according to claims 1 to 4,
A pair of operating rods,
When the operation side ends of the operation rods on the side opposite to the side on which the jig is attached are operated so as to approach each other, the operation means are moved so that the enlargement means is evenly expanded in the enlargement direction. A surgical instrument characterized in that they are assembled so as to be rotatable relative to each other.

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