JP4595097B2 - Cylindrical transformer device used in pulse generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cylindrical transformer device that can reliably generate a high voltage and a short pulse voltage with a simple configuration, for example, to generate an extremely short pulse voltage with a pulse width of the order of microseconds or less. The present invention relates to a cylindrical transformer device used in a pulse generator that can be applied satisfactorily.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, transient overvoltage pulses generated by switching operations of power devices and operations of switching elements (IGBT, GTO, etc.) used in consumer devices can greatly affect malfunctions of information devices and deterioration characteristics of insulating materials. Are known. This transient overvoltage pulse is generally characterized as a damped oscillatory wave.
[0003]
In order to analyze the influence of the generation of the transient overvoltage pulse wave on the electronic device, it is necessary to investigate the influence of the transient overvoltage generated during the switching operation of the switchgear, power electronics, etc. on the insulating material. Therefore, in particular, it is required to artificially generate a short pulse wave having a steep rise, a high voltage, and a microsecond order or less that approximates a pulse wave generated by the operation of the switching element.
[0004]
Here, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-148895 discloses a short electric pulse generator capable of obtaining a short electric pulse having a pulse width of about an optical short pulse. This short electric pulse generator generates an electric pulse of the order of 10 picoseconds by converting an optical pulse into an electric pulse, but the voltage does not reach the transient overvoltage and is used for analysis of inductive interference. Can not. Further, since it is necessary to provide an electric pulse generating means, a semiconductor laser (for example, VCSEL), an optical element, etc., the number of parts is complicated, and the cost of the apparatus itself is considered high.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, some conventional pulse generators and the like using semiconductor elements exist, but there are limits to the withstand voltage capability of such semiconductor elements. In particular, a high-voltage and short-width pulse wave that approximates a transient overvoltage pulse wave generated by the operation of the switching element cannot be generated without using a semiconductor element. In particular, there is a trade-off problem that the output voltage cannot be increased if the width of the pulse wave is shortened.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, as a result of extensive research, the inventor has devised a primary-side single-turn coil portion made of an aluminum foil, a metal foil, or other conductive foil wound only once in a cylindrical shape to which an input voltage is applied, and the primary coil. By using a cylindrical transformer device or the like used for a pulse generating device comprising a secondary coil portion made of enameled wire, copper wire or other conductive wire wound a certain number of times inside the single coil portion on the side, the cost is high. High voltage and short pulse voltage with extremely simple structure consisting of primary coil, secondary coil, and insulating layer to insulate them without using causative semiconductors, optical elements and expensive parts Can be reliably generated with a simple configuration, and can be applied particularly well to generate extremely short pulse voltages having a pulse width of the order of microseconds or less, thus solving the above-mentioned problems.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention. Conventional pulse transformers use a single winding on the primary side. However, in the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention, a single-wound coil wound in a cylindrical shape is applied as a primary-side coil, and in particular, this specification is referred to as a primary-side single-winding coil section 1 [see FIG. ].
[0008]
In the present embodiment, the primary side single-turn coil portion 1 is made of a soft aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.05 mm. However, the present invention is not limited to such an aluminum foil, and for example, a gold foil, a silver foil, a tin foil, a copper foil, a metal foil and other conductive foils having conductivity can be suitably applied to the present invention.
[0009]
Further, the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention uses a coil in which a conducting wire is wound in a cylindrical shape as a secondary side coil, and is particularly referred to as a secondary side coil portion 3 in this specification [FIG. 1 (C). reference〕. In the present embodiment, the secondary coil portion 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape. In the present specification, the term “tubular” includes a cylinder, a flat cylinder, a polygonal column, and the like.
[0010]
In the present embodiment, the secondary coil portion 3 is formed by winding an enameled wire (2PEW-0.20) as a conducting wire 3a around a cylindrical paper tube 4 a certain number N times as a secondary solenoid coil. It is a thing. The conducting wire 3a can be a wire made of a copper wire, an iron wire, a steel wire or other conductors in addition to the enamel wire, and it does not matter whether there is an enamel, rubber or other coating.
[0011]
The cylinder 4 is used for convenience to simply wind the secondary side coil portion 3 in a cylindrical shape, and is not particularly necessary when implementing the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention. The secondary coil portion 3 may be extracted from the inside. Even if this cylinder 4 is not used, the secondary coil part 3 may be wound into a cylinder by a machine. That is, it is desirable that the inner side (inside) of the secondary side coil portion 3 is hollow.
[0012]
Here, “hollow” in this specification means a state in which the inside is empty. However, it can be filled with air or the like. Moreover, when it implements with the cylinder 4 inserted in the said secondary side coil part 3, it is preferable to form the cylinder 4 with insulating materials, such as paper, a corrugated paper, a plastics, vinyl chloride, for example. This is because the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention is not affected electrically and electromagnetically, and the strength of the cylindrical transformer device A can be reinforced.
[0013]
Next, the arrangement relationship between the primary-side single-turn coil unit 1 and the secondary-side coil unit 3 will be described. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of the cylindrical transformer device A shown in FIG. In accordance with the circumference of the innermost cylindrical tube 4, the conducting wire 3 is regularly wound with a constant width to form the secondary coil portion 3. The end portions 3b, 3b of the secondary coil portion 3 are used as connection terminals.
[0014]
Then, in accordance with the circumference of the secondary side coil portion 3, the primary side single-turn coil portion 1 made of aluminum foil is wound. However, in the present embodiment, as the insulating layer 2, a paper having a width substantially equal to the axial width of the primary side single-turn coil portion 1 and a thickness of about 0.05 mm is wound and inserted. As a result, an inadvertent short circuit between the primary side single-turn coil part 1 and the secondary side coil part 3, mutual heat conduction, and the like can be reliably prevented.
[0015]
Here, in the present embodiment, in order to close the electromagnetic coupling between the tube 4 and the primary side single turn coil portion 1, the primary side single turn is used particularly by using an adhesive such as a mending tape (width 12 mm). The coil part 1 may be pressed and fixed inward from the surface. The length of the input end 1a at this time was about 20 mm (see FIG. 2A).
[0016]
Further, in the present embodiment, the primary side single-turn coil portion 1 has a structure in which the axial width is slightly longer than the axial width of the secondary side coil portion 3 [see FIG. ]. Specifically, the length in the axial direction of the primary side single-turn coil portion 1 was set to about 3 mm, which was longer than the length in the axial direction of the secondary side coil portion 1. Thereby, an end effect is not produced in the edge part of the said primary side single winding coil part 1 and the said secondary side coil part 3. FIG. Here, in FIG. 2B, for the sake of convenience, each element is shown to be wound with a certain interval. However, in the implementation, each element is wound so as to be in close contact with each other. May be.
[0017]
In the present embodiment, a digitizing signal analyzer (DSA 2GS / S) as a signal measuring instrument and a high voltage probe (1000 times, 100 MΩ) are connected to the ends 3b and 3b drawn from both ends of the secondary coil unit 3, respectively. And the output pulse voltage is measured (see FIG. 2A).
[0018]
Next, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a configuration according to the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, a plurality of cylindrical transformer devices A according to the first embodiment are arranged in series on the same axis. Electrically, the end of the first end portion 3b of the cylindrical transformer device A _1, to one end of a series connection of the second end 3b of the tubular transformer device A ₂ arranged adjacent. Similarly, one end of the second end 3b of the tubular transformer device A _2, and connected to one end of the third end portion 3b of the cylindrical transformer device _{A 3, ...... (n-1} ) th cylinder _One end of the end portion 3b of the cylindrical transformer device _An-1 is connected to one end of the end portion 3b of the _nth cylindrical transformer device An. In the present embodiment, ten cylindrical transformer devices A ₁ , A ₂ ,... A10 are connected in series on the same axis.
[0019]
The interval D between the cylindrical transformer devices A ₁ , A ₂ , etc. (for example, the interval between the ends of the primary-side single-turn coil portions 1, 1) is respectively the cylindrical transformer devices A ₁ , A ₂ ,. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
[0020]
Input supply V, a single (identical) parallel each tubular transformer device A _1, A ₂ from a DC power source, but the input voltage is configured to be supplied ... (see FIG. 3), each tubular trans As many as the number of cylindrical transformer devices A may be prepared so as to be individually supplied to the devices A ₁ , A ₂ .
[0021]
The switch S is a switching device for supplying a voltage input from the input power source V to the cylindrical transformer device A (or each of the cylindrical transformer devices A ₁ , A ₂ ,...), And is commercially available in this embodiment. Although the embedded push button is applied, the present invention is not limited to this, and any switch that can withstand the input voltage value can be applied.
[0022]
FIG. 10 is a connection configuration diagram according to a modification of the second embodiment described above, and is an embodiment in which the voltage supplied from the input power supply V is provided in series. In this way, a larger current can be input compared to the parallel connection configuration disclosed in FIG.
[0023]
Next, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a configuration according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that the electrode portion 6 is connected to the end portions 3 b and 3 b of the secondary coil portion 3.
[0024]
The electrode unit 6 has two gas needles 5 and 5 arranged using a microscope or the like so that the tips thereof are arranged on the same straight line on the preparation at a minute distance, and a commercially available instantaneous adhesive is used. It is fixed and sealed in an airtight container such as an acrylic container, and a certain amount of pure air sufficiently flows into the airtight container. The output voltage was measured with the pure air kept flowing. The distance d between the tips of the gas needles 5 and 5 is preferably about 10 to 100 micrometers, but is not limited thereto. Between the tips of the gas needles 5 and 5, discharge due to dielectric breakdown is performed.
[0025]
Next, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a configuration according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the electrode portion 6 is connected to the end portions 3b and 3b of the secondary coil portion 3 in relation to the second embodiment.
[0026]
FIG. 11 is a connection configuration diagram according to a modification of the above-described fourth embodiment, and is an embodiment in which the voltage supplied from the input power supply V is provided in series. In this way, a larger current can be input compared to the parallel connection configuration disclosed in FIG.
[0027]
【Example】
Next, the result of measuring the output pulse voltage will be described as a first embodiment of the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention. First, with respect to the secondary side coil section 3, the coil inner diameter (diameter) φ is set to 5 types (10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 70 mm, 100 mm), and the number of turns N is set to 6 types (50 times, 100 times, 150 times, 200 times). , 250 times, 300 times), and enameled wire (2PEW-0.20) was used for the winding. Input / output characteristics under these conditions were measured with the circuit configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
[0028]
Also, a commercially available variable DC low voltage / constant current power supply (0-110V, 0-60A) is used as the input power supply P, and the maximum value of the output voltage Vout relative to the input voltage Vin (20, 40, 60, 80, 100V) Each measurement was performed 10 times. The switch S was manually operated with a commercially available embedded push button (10 A, 300 V, AC).
[0029]
FIG. 6 is a characteristic graph of the number of turns N and the output voltage Vout for each coil inner diameter φ of the secondary coil portion 3. The input voltage Vin is constant at 100V DC. As can be seen from this figure, if the number of turns N is constant, the output voltage Vout also increases as the inner diameter φ increases. Further, when the inner diameter φ is sufficiently small, the output voltage Vout has a characteristic that becomes lower than the input voltage Vin.
[0030]
Next, FIG. 7 is a characteristic graph showing the relationship between the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout. This characteristic is that the number of turns N of the secondary coil portion 3 of the cylindrical transformer device A of the present invention is 100 times and the coil inner diameter φ is 10, 30, 50, 70, 100 mm. 10 shows an average value of the output voltage Vout with respect to the input voltage Vin (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 V) by serial connection when ten are connected in series as in the modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. From this characteristic, it can be seen that the output voltage Vout increases as the input voltage Vin increases. In particular, as the coil inner diameter φ increases, the gradient of the graph increases, and it can be seen that the voltage amplification factor is proportional to the coil inner diameter φ.
[0031]
Next, FIG. 8 is a dielectric breakdown characteristic graph in the electrode section 6 based on the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the relationship between the dielectric breakdown voltage Vb (volt) and the inter-electrode distance d (micrometer). Indicates. The inner diameter φ of the secondary side coil portion 3 was 100 mm, and the input voltage Vin was constant 100 V AC. The value in this figure is an average value of the dielectric breakdown voltage 10 times. From this characteristic, it can be seen that the dielectric breakdown voltage Vb increases as the inter-electrode distance d increases. The impulse ratio (impulse voltage / AC voltage) was about 1.99 to 3.3.
[0032]
The electrodes 5 and 5 in the electrode section 6 here use a gas needle 2 (needle diameter 0.76 mm, length 54.5 mm), and a microscope (two needles in a straight line on the slide) ( The composition scale was 0 to 1000 micrometers), and fixation was performed with a commercially available instantaneous adhesive. This was put into an acrylic container (155 mm × 105 mm × 50 mm), and measurement was performed in a state in which pure air was sufficiently flowed in at a flow rate of 500 cc / min after flowing sufficiently to the volume of the container. The interelectrode distance (gap length) d was 10 to 100 micrometers. As a result, it was found that the output voltage is about 4 volts to 2.8 kilovolts in the input voltage range of 20 to 100 volts, and is a pulse wave (steep wave) with a half width of about 20 nanoseconds to 25 microseconds. .
[0033]
FIG. 9 shows the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 in which the secondary coil portion 3 has an inner diameter φ of 10 millimeters, coil turns N times, and an input DC voltage Vin of 20 volts. FIG. 5 is a measurement graph showing output voltages appearing in the single parts 3 b and 3 b of the secondary coil part 3. As a result, a pulse wave output with an extremely short width of about 24.21 nanoseconds was obtained.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a high-voltage and short-width pulse wave that approximates a transient overvoltage pulse wave generated by the operation of the switching element can be generated without using a semiconductor element. Even if the wave width is shortened, the output voltage can be kept high, which solves the above problem.
[0035]
Specifically, the primary-side single-winding coil portion 1 made of aluminum foil, metal foil, or other conductive foil wound only once in a cylindrical shape, and wound in a cylindrical shape a certain number of times inside the primary-side single-winding coil portion 1 The voltage input from the primary coil can be obtained by simply forming a secondary coil portion 3 made of enameled wire, copper wire or other conductive wire, or a so-called double-layered cylindrical coil. It is possible to obtain an output of a pulse voltage several times to several tens of times as large as. Moreover, the width of the output pulse voltage is at least on the order of microseconds, and as can be seen from the above embodiments, it is extremely short, around 20 nanoseconds. The present invention has an extremely excellent effect that such a short pulse voltage can be reliably generated without using any expensive element such as a semiconductor element or an optical element.
[0036]
As a result, in order to analyze the effects of transient overvoltage pulse waves on electronic devices, it is also possible to investigate the effects of transient overvoltages generated on switching operations of switchgears, power electronics, etc. on insulating materials. It also has a very good advantage. Further, the primary-side single-turn coil portion 1 and the secondary-side coil portion 1 are made longer than the axial-direction length of the secondary-side coil portion 1 so that the primary-side single-turn coil portion 1 and the secondary-side coil portion 1 are There is no end effect at the end of the coil portion 3.
[0037]
Furthermore, in the present invention, a cylindrical pulse in which an insulating layer 2 made of an insulating material such as paper, plastic, vinyl chloride or the like is wound and inserted between the primary side single-turn coil part 1 and the secondary side coil part 3. By using the generator, in addition to the extremely excellent effects and advantages of the invention of claim 1, the primary-side single-turn coil portion 1 and the secondary-side coil portion 3 are well insulated by the insulating layer 2. Therefore, even if a film tear such as enamel is present in the coil, it will not be short-circuited, so even a device that outputs a high voltage as in the present invention can be used safely. There is a very good advantage of being able to.
[0038]
Next, in a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a cylindrical shape in which input ends 1a and 1a for applying an input voltage are provided at the winding start and winding end positions of the primary-side single-turn coil unit 1. By using the pulse generation device, it is possible to apply the input voltage to the primary-side single-turn coil unit 1 easily and reliably compared to the case where the input voltage is applied to the primary-side single-turn coil unit 1. As a result, in addition to the extremely excellent effects and advantages of the first, second, third, or fourth aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical pulse generating device of the present invention can be used safely.
[0039]
Next, in the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the cylindrical pulse generator of the present invention is formed as a cylinder by using a cylindrical pulse generator in which the inner side of the secondary coil portion 3 is hollow. Since it is possible to reduce the weight of the cylinder 4 without using the cylinder 4 used for forming the shape (or cylindrical shape), the extremely excellent effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2 can be obtained. In addition to the advantages, the cylindrical pulse generator of the present invention can be reduced in weight.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method for measuring an output pulse voltage in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the end portions of the primary-side single-turn coil portion on the outermost surface portion and the secondary-side coil portion inside the outermost surface portion in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Characteristic graph of the number of turns and output voltage for each coil inner diameter of the secondary coil [Fig.7] Characteristic graph showing the relationship between input voltage and output voltage 【 FIG. 8 is a graph showing dielectric breakdown characteristics in the electrode section according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a measurement graph showing an output voltage according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a connection configuration diagram according to a modification of the embodiment. FIG. 11 is a connection configuration diagram according to a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Primary side single winding coil part, 1a ... Input end, 2 ... Insulating layer, 3 ... Secondary side coil part.

Claims (3)

A primary-side single-winding coil portion made of a cylindrically wound aluminum foil, metal foil or other conductive foil to which an input voltage is applied, and an enameled wire wound in a cylindrical shape a predetermined number of times inside the primary-side single-winding coil portion An insulating layer made of paper, plastic, vinyl chloride or other insulating material between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part. And the axial length of the primary side coil portion is longer than the axial length of the secondary side coil portion and has a structure covering the secondary coil portion. A cylindrical transformer device used for a pulse generating device. According to claim 1, wherein, in the position of the end of winding the winding start of the primary single-turn coil unit 1, the cylindrical transformer apparatus for use in pulse generator apparatus characterized by comprising an input terminal for applying an input voltage . The cylindrical transformer device used in the pulse generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner side of the secondary side coil portion is hollow.

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