JP4592850B2 - Authentication method in mobile radio communication system - Google Patents

Authentication method in mobile radio communication system Download PDF

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JP4592850B2
JP4592850B2 JP31880999A JP31880999A JP4592850B2 JP 4592850 B2 JP4592850 B2 JP 4592850B2 JP 31880999 A JP31880999 A JP 31880999A JP 31880999 A JP31880999 A JP 31880999A JP 4592850 B2 JP4592850 B2 JP 4592850B2
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mobile radio
station
code
authentication
base station
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JP2001136162A (en
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一敬 飯室
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は移動無線通信システムにおける移動無線局の正当性を確認するための認証方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
移動無線通信システムは移動無線局と、この移動無線局との間で通信を行う無線基地局と、この無線基地局との間で通信を行い無線基地局を統括するセンタ局とから構成されている。移動無線局は無線基地局を介して他の移動無線局または固定局との間で通信を行うことができる。
このような移動無線通信システムにおいて、移動無線局と無線基地局との間で通信を開始するに先立って移動無線局の正当性を確認するための認証が通常行われる。このような移動無線端末の正当性の確認、すなわちユーザの認証を行うために、センタ局は加入者移動無線局のデータをデータベース化して保有している。そして、センタ局もしくは別途認証データベースを備えた認証センタがユーザである移動無線局の正当性の認証を行っていた。
【0003】
図2は移動無線通信システムの構成を示す図である。
複数の移動無線局101 ,102 ,…10N は無線インタフェースを介して無線基地局201 ,202 ,…20N と接続され、さらにエアインタフェース102を介してセンタ局100と接続される。センタ局100内には交換機101が設けられており、この交換機101により各無線基地局201 ,202 ,…20N の接続制御を行っている。
またセンタ局100内には共通線信号網104に接続された位置情報データベース103が設けられており、この位置情報データベース103により移動無線局101 ,102 ,…10N の現在位置を確認し、最適な無線基地局を選択して移動無線局が通信を行うように制御する。
【0004】
このセンタ局100はディジタル網として構成されており、公衆網200とPSTN150を介して接続されている。また公衆パケット網160を介しても公衆網200と接続されており、さらに公衆パケット網160は信号網170を介して加入者情報データベース180と接続されている。
加入者情報データベース180はこの移動無線通信システムに加入しているすべての移動無線局101 ,102 ,…10N の加入者情報を蓄積しており、前述した移動無線局の認証を行うためのデータベースとして用いられる。
このように認証は、当該移動無線局の正当性を確認するものであり、移動無線局と基地局とが通話を開始するに先立ってこの認証処理が行われる。
従来の移動無線通信システムにあっては、この認証のための動作は無線基地局201 ,202 ,…20N を介して移動無線局101 ,102 ,…10N から送られてきた移動無線局からのデータに基づき、センタ局100が加入者情報データベース180を参照し認証処理を行っていた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように移動無線局の認証をセンタ局100が行う場合、無線基地局20(201 ,202 ,…20N)とセンタ局100との間で認証のための手続きが必要となり、このため、無線基地局20とセンタ局100との間にパケット通信が発生することになる。
このような認証のためのパケット通信は、パケット通信料が発生するため移動無線通信システムのサービス会社にとっては望ましくない通信となる。
すなわち、このようなパケット通信は位置登録動作などと同様に、システムを利用する移動無線局に課金することができない料金であるためである。また移動無線局が多数存在する場合には、このような認証手続きに多くのパケット通信を必要としセンタ局100の負担が増大する。
本発明は上述した課題を解決するためになされたもので、認証のためのパケット通信の発生を減少させるとともに、センタ局における処理を軽減させることのできる移動無線通信システムにおける認証方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、移動無線局と、この移動無線局との間で通信を行う無線基地局と、この無線基地局との間で通信を行うセンタ局とからなる移動無線通信システムにあって、前記移動無線局と前記無線基地局との間で通信を開始するに先立って前記移動無線局の正当性を確認するための認証を行う、移動無線通信システムにおける認証方法において、前記センタ局が各移動無線局を識別する固有値として発行し、有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と、前記符号(R)に基づいて前記センタ局が不可逆演算により算出した秘密符号(S)とを認証に先立って、前記無線基地局から前記移動無線局に公開鍵暗号プロトコルにより送信し、前記移動無線局が受信した前記符号(R)と前記秘密符号(S)とを記憶する第1ステップと、認証手続が開始されると、前記移動無線局と前記無線基地局との間で前記符号(R)と前記秘密符号(S)とを用いた零知識証明プロトコルによる通信を行って認証を行う第2ステップと、前記符号(R)に含まれる付加情報(A)が表す有効期限が切れている場合に、前記認証後、前記センタ局において決定される新しい有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と新たに算出される秘密符号(S)とを前記無線基地局から前記移動無線局に前記公開鍵暗号プロトコルにより送信し、前記移動無線局が受信した前記新しい有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と前記新たな秘密符号(S)とを記憶する第3ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする。前記認証方法において、前記秘密符号(S)は、前記符号(R)に基づき以下の計算式に基づいて算出することができる。
R=S2 modN
ただし、Nは前記センタ局が選択した2つの大きな素数p,qの積。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の認証方法の実施の形態を説明するが、一例として付加情報が有効期限である場合について説明する。
図1は本発明による認証手順を示すシーケンスチャートである。なお、以下の説明においては移動無線局をPS、無線基地局をBS、センタ局をCSと略記する。
まずPSがBSに対して呼設定を要求するメッセージを送信すると、BSはPSに対して認証開始を要求するメッセージを送信する。PSはこの認証開始要求メッセージを受信するとBSに対して認証開始確認メッセージを送信する。
ここでPSからBSに送信される認証開始確認メッセージ中には付加情報である有効期限情報V0を含む識別子IDOが含まれている。またPSは予かじめCSから秘密の符号S0を発行されて記憶している。
【0008】
ここで秘密の符号S0はCSが以下の計算により算出し、認証に先立ってBSからPSに公開鍵プロトコルにより送信してPSが記憶している。
【0009】
【数1】

Figure 0004592850
【0010】
なお(1)式の計算により秘密の符号S0を算出する方法をファイアット−シャミア(Fiat−Shamir)法という。
次いで、PSの正当性を認証するための認証手続きがPSとBSとの間で零知識証明プロトコルを用いて実施される。
【0011】
次ぎにファイアット−シャミア法を用いた零知識証明プロトコルによる認証手順を説明する。
以下に示す▲1▼から▲4▼の手順をi=1,2,3,…,n(nは適当に大きい整数)について繰り返す。
▲1▼BSからの認証要求に対してPSは乱数Riを選択しXi=Ri2 modNを算出し、このXiをBSに送信する。
▲2▼このXiを受け取ったBSは0または1をランダムに選び、それをEiとしてPSに送信する。
▲3▼PSは式(2)による計算を行い算出されたyiをBSに送信する。
【0012】
【数2】
Figure 0004592850
【0013】
▲4▼BSは受信したyiを用いて式(3)が成立するか否かをチェックする。
【0014】
【数3】
Figure 0004592850
【0015】
ここで式(3)が成立する場合には、BSからの認証要求に基づき上述した▲1▼〜▲4▼を繰り返す。また式(3)が成立しなかった場合には、認証手続きを停止し認証不可とする。
【0016】
このようにして▲1▼〜▲4▼の認証手続きが所定の回数nだけ繰り返されると、BSは認証可と判断した場合認証終了要求メッセージをPSに送信しPSはこれを受け取って認証終了確認メッセージをBSに送ることにより認証手続きを完了する。
なお上述した認証方法に用いられるファイアット−シャミア法では以下のことは保証(証明)されている。
(1)秘密符号S0を知っていることをPSはBSに納得させることができる。
(2)第三者がPSになりすますことができるのは、すべてのEiを予測できたときであり、その確立は2のn乗分の1であり非常に小さい。
(3)BSまたは第三者がどのように巧妙に{Ei}を選ぼうと、秘密符号S0に関して何も知識を得ることができない。
従ってこのような認証手続きにおいて、誤ってPSが認証される確率は非常に少ない。
【0017】
このような手順によりPSの正当性が証明された後、BSは識別子IDOにより有効期限情報V0を抽出し、有効期限が切れていなければ通常の発呼手順を継続する。仮に有効期限が切れている場合にはBSはCSと通信を行い、必要であればセンタ認証を行う。
その後、CSは新しい有効期限情報V1を含む新しい識別子ID1を決定し、前回と同様の方法で秘密符号S1を計算する。この後ID1、S1をBSからPSに送信するが、少なくとも秘密符号S1は第三者に盗まれないようにRSA等の公開鍵暗号プロトコルを用いてPSに通知する必要がある。
このようにして通知されたID1、S1をPSは内部に記憶し、次回からの認証において使用する。このようにして有効期限が切れている場合には改めて識別子ID1及び秘密符号S1をBSからPSに送信した後に前述した発呼手順による認証が継続して実行される。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明では従来センタ局が関与して行われていた認証手続きを移動無線局と無線基地局との間で閉じて行うようにしたため、認証手続き中にセンタ局へアクセスする手順が省略できることになった。
従って、センタ局へのアクセスによって生ずるパケット通信が削減され利用料金等を引き下げることができる。
さらにセンタ局へのアクセス量が減るためセンタの処理の負担も軽減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による認証手順を示す零知識証明プロトコルシーケンスチャート。
【図2】移動無線通信システムの構成を示す図。
【符号の説明】
PS 移動無線局
BS 無線基地局
CS センタ局
10 移動無線局
20 無線基地局
100 センタ局[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an authentication method for confirming the validity of a mobile radio station in a mobile radio communication system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A mobile radio communication system includes a mobile radio station, a radio base station that communicates with the mobile radio station, and a center station that communicates with the radio base station and supervises the radio base station. Yes. A mobile radio station can communicate with another mobile radio station or a fixed station via a radio base station.
In such a mobile radio communication system, authentication for confirming the legitimacy of the mobile radio station is normally performed before starting communication between the mobile radio station and the radio base station. In order to check the legitimacy of such mobile radio terminals, that is, to authenticate users, the center station stores the data of subscriber mobile radio stations in a database. Then, the authenticity of the mobile radio station, which is the user, is performed by the center station or an authentication center having a separate authentication database.
[0003]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the mobile radio communication system.
A plurality of mobile radio stations 10 1 , 10 2 ,... 10 N are connected to radio base stations 20 1 , 20 2 ,... 20 N via a radio interface, and further connected to a center station 100 via an air interface 102. . The center station 100 and switch 101 is provided, is performed each radio base station 20 1, 20 2, ... 20 N of the connection controlled by the switch 101.
Also the center station 100 and the connected position information database 103 is provided in the common channel signaling network 104, the mobile radio station 10 1 by the position information database 103, 10 2, check the current position of ... 10 N Then, an optimal radio base station is selected and control is performed so that the mobile radio station performs communication.
[0004]
The center station 100 is configured as a digital network and is connected to the public network 200 via the PSTN 150. The public packet network 160 is also connected to the public network 200, and the public packet network 160 is connected to the subscriber information database 180 via the signal network 170.
The subscriber information database 180 stores subscriber information of all the mobile radio stations 10 1 , 10 2 ,... 10 N subscribing to the mobile radio communication system, and performs authentication of the mobile radio stations described above. It is used as a database.
Thus, the authentication is to confirm the validity of the mobile radio station, and this authentication process is performed before the mobile radio station and the base station start a call.
In the conventional mobile radio communication system, the operation for the authentication radio base station 20 1, 20 2, ... 20 moves through the N radio station 10 1, 10 2, sent from ... 10 N Based on data from the mobile radio station, the center station 100 refers to the subscriber information database 180 and performs authentication processing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the center station 100 performs authentication of the mobile radio station in this way, a procedure for authentication is required between the radio base station 20 (20 1 , 20 2 ,... 20 N ) and the center station 100. Packet communication occurs between the radio base station 20 and the center station 100.
Such packet communication for authentication is undesirable for a service company of a mobile radio communication system because a packet communication fee is generated.
That is, such packet communication is a charge that cannot be charged to a mobile radio station that uses the system, as in the location registration operation. If there are a large number of mobile radio stations, many packet communications are required for such an authentication procedure, and the burden on the center station 100 increases.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides an authentication method in a mobile radio communication system capable of reducing the occurrence of packet communication for authentication and reducing the processing in the center station. With the goal.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a mobile radio communication system comprising a mobile radio station, a radio base station that communicates with the mobile radio station, and a center station that communicates with the radio base station. In an authentication method in a mobile radio communication system, authentication is performed for confirming the validity of the mobile radio station before starting communication between the mobile radio station and the radio base station. A code (R) issued as a unique value for identifying a radio station and including additional information (A) indicating an expiration date, and a secret code (S) calculated by the center station by an irreversible operation based on the code (R) Prior to authentication, a first step of transmitting the code (R) and the secret code (S) received by the mobile radio station from the radio base station to the mobile radio station using a public key encryption protocol And authentication When the connection is started, authentication is performed between the mobile radio station and the radio base station by performing communication using a zero knowledge proof protocol using the code (R) and the secret code (S). And additional information (A) indicating a new expiration date determined by the center station after the authentication when the expiration date indicated by the additional information (A) included in the code (R) has expired. An additional code representing the new validity period received by the mobile radio station, wherein the code (R) and the newly calculated secret code (S) are transmitted from the radio base station to the mobile radio station by the public key encryption protocol. And a third step of storing the code (R) including the information (A) and the new secret code (S) . Prior Symbol authentication method, the secret code (S) can be calculated based on the following equation on the basis of the code (R).
R = S 2 modN
N is the product of two large prime numbers p and q selected by the center station.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, although the embodiment of the authentication method of the present invention will be described, the case where the additional information is an expiration date will be described as an example.
FIG. 1 is a sequence chart showing an authentication procedure according to the present invention. In the following description, the mobile radio station is abbreviated as PS, the radio base station as BS, and the center station as CS.
First, when the PS transmits a message requesting call setup to the BS, the BS transmits a message requesting the PS to start authentication. When the PS receives this authentication start request message, the PS transmits an authentication start confirmation message to the BS.
Here, the authentication start confirmation message transmitted from the PS to the BS includes the identifier IDO including the expiration date information V0 as additional information. Further, the PS has a secret code S0 issued and stored in advance by the CS.
[0008]
Here, the secret code S0 is calculated by the CS by the following calculation, and transmitted from the BS to the PS by the public key protocol prior to the authentication, and stored in the PS.
[0009]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004592850
[0010]
Note that the method of calculating the secret code S0 by the calculation of the equation (1) is referred to as a Fiat-Shamir method.
Next, an authentication procedure for authenticating the PS is performed between the PS and the BS using a zero knowledge proof protocol.
[0011]
Next, the authentication procedure by the zero knowledge proof protocol using the Firet-Chamia method will be described.
The following procedures (1) to (4) are repeated for i = 1, 2, 3,..., N (n is an appropriately large integer).
(1) In response to an authentication request from the BS, the PS selects a random number Ri, calculates Xi = Ri 2 mod N, and transmits this Xi to the BS.
(2) The BS that has received this Xi selects 0 or 1 at random, and transmits it to the PS as Ei.
{Circle around (3)} PS performs calculation according to equation (2) and transmits the calculated yi to the BS.
[0012]
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004592850
[0013]
(4) The BS checks whether the expression (3) is satisfied using the received yi.
[0014]
[Equation 3]
Figure 0004592850
[0015]
Here, when the expression (3) is established, the above-described (1) to (4) are repeated based on the authentication request from the BS. If equation (3) does not hold, the authentication procedure is stopped and authentication is disabled.
[0016]
When the authentication procedures {circle over (1)} to {circle around (4)} are repeated a predetermined number of times in this way, the BS transmits an authentication end request message to the PS when it determines that the authentication is possible, and the PS receives this and the PS receives the authentication end confirmation. The authentication procedure is completed by sending a message to the BS.
In the Firet-Chamia method used in the authentication method described above, the following is guaranteed (provided).
(1) The PS can convince the BS that it knows the secret code S0.
(2) A third party can impersonate a PS when all Ei can be predicted, and its establishment is 1 / n 2 which is very small.
(3) No matter how cleverly the BS or a third party chooses {Ei}, no knowledge about the secret code S0 can be obtained.
Therefore, in such an authentication procedure, there is very little probability that the PS is erroneously authenticated.
[0017]
After the validity of the PS is proved by such a procedure, the BS extracts the expiration date information V0 from the identifier IDO, and continues the normal calling procedure if the expiration date has not expired. If the expiration date has expired, the BS communicates with the CS and performs center authentication if necessary.
Thereafter, the CS determines a new identifier ID1 including new expiration date information V1, and calculates the secret code S1 in the same manner as the previous time. After this, ID1 and S1 are transmitted from the BS to the PS, but at least the secret code S1 needs to be notified to the PS using a public key encryption protocol such as RSA so as not to be stolen by a third party.
The PS 1 and S1 thus notified are stored in the PS and used in the next authentication. When the expiration date has expired in this way, the identifier ID1 and the secret code S1 are transmitted from the BS to the PS again, and then the authentication by the above-described calling procedure is continuously executed.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, in the present invention, the authentication procedure conventionally performed with the center station involved is closed between the mobile radio station and the radio base station. Access procedure can be omitted.
Therefore, packet communication caused by access to the center station can be reduced and the usage fee can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the amount of access to the center station is reduced, the processing burden on the center can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a zero knowledge proof protocol sequence chart showing an authentication procedure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a configuration of a mobile radio communication system.
[Explanation of symbols]
PS mobile radio station BS radio base station CS center station 10 mobile radio station 20 radio base station 100 center station

Claims (2)

移動無線局と、この移動無線局との間で通信を行う無線基地局と、この無線基地局との間で通信を行うセンタ局とからなる移動無線通信システムにあって、前記移動無線局と前記無線基地局との間で通信を開始するに先立って前記移動無線局の正当性を確認するための認証を行う、移動無線通信システムにおける認証方法において、
前記センタ局が各移動無線局を識別する固有値として発行し、有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と、前記符号(R)に基づいて前記センタ局が不可逆演算により算出した秘密符号(S)とを認証に先立って、前記無線基地局から前記移動無線局に公開鍵暗号プロトコルにより送信し、前記移動無線局が受信した前記符号(R)と前記秘密符号(S)とを記憶する第1ステップと、
認証手続が開始されると、前記移動無線局と前記無線基地局との間で前記符号(R)と前記秘密符号(S)とを用いた零知識証明プロトコルによる通信を行って認証を行う第2ステップと、
前記符号(R)に含まれる付加情報(A)が表す有効期限が切れている場合に、前記認証後、前記センタ局において決定される新しい有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と新たに算出される秘密符号(S)とを前記無線基地局から前記移動無線局に前記公開鍵暗号プロトコルにより送信し、前記移動無線局が受信した前記新しい有効期限を表す付加情報(A)を含む符号(R)と前記新たな秘密符号(S)とを記憶する第3ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする移動無線通信システムにおける認証方法。
In a mobile radio communication system comprising a mobile radio station, a radio base station that communicates with the mobile radio station, and a center station that communicates with the radio base station, the mobile radio station In an authentication method in a mobile radio communication system, performing authentication for confirming the validity of the mobile radio station prior to starting communication with the radio base station,
The center station issued as a unique value for identifying each mobile radio station, and the center station calculated by the irreversible calculation based on the code (R) including the additional information (A) indicating the expiration date and the code (R) Prior to authentication, a secret code (S) is transmitted from the radio base station to the mobile radio station by a public key encryption protocol, and the code (R) and the secret code (S) received by the mobile radio station A first step of storing
When the authentication procedure is started, authentication is performed by performing communication according to a zero knowledge proof protocol using the code (R) and the secret code (S) between the mobile radio station and the radio base station. Two steps,
When the expiration date represented by the additional information (A) included in the code (R) has expired, the code (R) including the additional information (A) indicating the new expiration date determined at the center station after the authentication. ) And a newly calculated secret code (S) are transmitted from the radio base station to the mobile radio station by the public key encryption protocol, and the additional information (A representing the new expiration date received by the mobile radio station) ) Including a code (R) including the new secret code (S),
An authentication method in a mobile radio communication system, comprising:
請求項1に記載の認証方法において、
前記秘密符号(S)は、前記符号(R)に基づき以下の計算式に基づいて算出されることを特徴とする移動無線通信システムにおける認証方法。
R=S2 modN
ただし、Nは前記センタ局が選択した2つの大きな素数p,qの積。
The authentication method according to claim 1 ,
The secret code (S) is calculated based on the code (R) based on the following calculation formula, and the authentication method in the mobile radio communication system:
R = S 2 modN
N is the product of two large prime numbers p and q selected by the center station.
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