JP4592164B2 - Water-based emulsion type adhesive - Google Patents

Water-based emulsion type adhesive Download PDF

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JP4592164B2
JP4592164B2 JP2000282827A JP2000282827A JP4592164B2 JP 4592164 B2 JP4592164 B2 JP 4592164B2 JP 2000282827 A JP2000282827 A JP 2000282827A JP 2000282827 A JP2000282827 A JP 2000282827A JP 4592164 B2 JP4592164 B2 JP 4592164B2
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weight
emulsion
parts
polymerization
pva
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JP2002088330A (en
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善積 中井
洋明 吉川
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Konishi Co Ltd
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Konishi Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、▲1▼耐水接着力及び耐温水接着力(以下、耐水性及び耐温水性という。)に優れ、▲2▼低温時においても粘度上昇が小さく低温作業性が良く、且つ▲3▼高温下での貯蔵安定性も良好な、一液タイプの水性エマルジョン型接着剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリビニールアルコールを保護コロイドにして、酢酸ビニルをエマルジョン重合して得られた接着剤は、建築や家具、紙工関係で多く使用されている。
その特徴は、接着強度が強く手についても安全で、接着に使用した道具の清掃も容易にできる簡便さなどにある。しかしながら、その反面、耐水性が低いという固有の欠点を有している。
【0003】
一方、耐水性の優れた接着剤として、尿素樹脂、フェノール樹脂、レゾルシノール樹脂系接着剤がある。これらの接着剤は主に合板を製造するのに用いられているが、ホルマリン成分を含有することから、近年この合板から放出されるホルマリンの有害性が大きく社会問題として取り上げられてきている。
即ち、最近の戸建て住宅やマンションには、建築内装材として合板が数多く使用されている一方、これらの住宅は、空調、防音性能を良くするために、気密性がよくなってきている。その結果、合板から放出されるホルマリンが家のなかにこもって、居住する人の健康に害を及ぼすことが次第に明らかになってきた。 以上の理由から、ホルマリン成分を全く含まない、耐水性に優れた一液タイプで水性系の接着剤に対する要望が高まってきた。
これに答えるものとして、例えば、特開平7−138305号公報に記載されているように、アセトアセチル化変性ポリビニルアルコール(以下、「AA化PVA」という。)を保護コロイドとして、酢酸ビニルモノマー単独又はそれと他のモノマーとを重合したエマルジョンタイプの接着剤が開発された。
【0004】
しかしながら、この接着剤も耐水性はほぼ満足できるものの、耐温水性が極めて乏しく、しかも低温時における粘度上昇が大で、低温時の作業性が悪く、加えて保存性にも難点があり時間の経過とともにゲル化する等の問題がある。
そして、同公報には保存性を確保するために、安定剤の酸性亜硫酸塩を添加することが紹介されているが、この方法でも十分ではなく安定保存期間が短い。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、▲1▼耐水性及び耐温水性に優れ、▲2▼低温時の粘度上昇が小さく、低温作業性が良く、且つ▲3▼酸性亜硫酸塩等の安定剤を用いなくとも、改善された保存性を有する、一液タイプの水性エマルジョン型接着剤を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記の課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、(I)保護コロイドとして、(a)AA化PVAの外に、(b)エチレン変性ポリビニルアルコール(以下、「エチレン変性PVA」という。)を用い、且つ(II)アセトアセチル化変性エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(以下、「AA化EVA」という。)エマルジョンをシード(種)とし、酢酸ビニル及びアセトアセチル化変性(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(以下、「AA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステル」という。)を重合することにより、従来の一液タイプの水性エマルジョン型接着剤の欠点を悉く改良することができることを発見し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
即ち、本発明は、保護コロイドとして、(a)AA化PVA及び(b)エチレン変性PVAを用い、AA化EVAエマルジョンに、酢酸ビニル及びAA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルをシード重合して得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤をその構成とするものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の各構成について詳しく説明する。
(1)保護コロイドについて
(a)AA化PVA
AA化PVAは、PVAとジケテンとを公知の方法で反応して得られる。
例えば、PVAを酢酸溶媒中に分散させておき、これにジケテンを添加する方法、PVAをジメチルホルムアミド、またはジオキサンなどの溶媒にあらかじめ溶解しておき、これにジケテンを添加する方法である。またPVAにジケテンガスまたは液状ジケテンを直接接触させてAA化PVAを得る方法もある。
【0009】
AA化PVAの平均重合度は、200〜2600、好ましくは500〜2000であり、又、平均ケン化度は80〜99モル%、特に84〜99モル%の範囲が好ましい。平均ケン化度が80モル%未満ではエマルジョンの粘度が高くなり過ぎて実用性に乏しくなり、一方99モル%超ではエマルジョンの低温時の粘度安定性や低温流動性が劣る。
AA化PVAのAA化度は、0.1〜20モル%、好ましくは2〜10モル%の範囲が適当である。AA化度が0.1モル%未満ではエマルジョンの耐水性、安定性及び増粘性への寄与が少なく、一方AA化度が20モル%を越えると、乳化重合の途中で分散系が破壊されて均質な乳濁状態が得られないか、又は得られてもエマルジョンの安定性が劣り、実用上の製品として好ましくない。
【0010】
このAA化PVAは、市販されており市販品をそのまま用いることができる。
市販品としては、例えば、商品名Z100、Z200、Z210、Z320(日本合成化学工業(株)製)を挙げることができる。
AA化PVAの使用量は、生成するエマルジョンの固形分中にAA化PVAが1〜15重量%となる程度が好ましい。1重量%より少ないと重合の際の重合安定性が低下し、又得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤の耐温水性の改善が充分でなく、一方、15重量%より多くしても重合安定性や、耐温水性はそれ以上向上しない。
【0011】
(b)エチレン変性PVA
エチレン変性PVAは、分子内にエチレン基を1〜10モル%含有するPVAからなり、その平均重合度は、200〜4000、好ましくは500〜2500程度であり、鹸化度は、90〜99.5モル%、好ましくは95〜99モル%程度である。
エチレン変性PVAは、市販されており市販品をそのまま用いることができる。市販品としては、例えばRS−105、RS−110、RS−113、RS−117、RS−613、RS−617等のクラレRSポリマー((株)クラレ製)を挙げることができる。
また、エチレン変性PVAの使用量は、生成するエマルジョンの固形分中にエチレン変性PVAが1〜15重量%となる程度が好ましい。1重量%より少ないと重合の際の重合安定性が低下し、又得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤の低温時の粘度安定性が充分でなく、一方、15重量%より多くしても重合安定性や、低温時の粘度安定性はそれ以上向上しない。
以上の保護コロイドは、重合する際に生成するエマルジョンの安定性を保つ作用をするとともに、その組み合わせにより、得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤の耐水性、耐温水性、低温時の粘度安定性及び保存性を改善する。
【0012】
前記保護コロイド(a)〜(b)の合計使用量は、生成するエマルジョンの固形分に対して1.1〜35重量%、好ましくは5〜20重量%である。
前記保護コロイド液は、例えば、攪拌機、コンデンサー、滴下装置、温度計、窒素気流装置などを備えた常圧重合装置に水を仕込み、所望量の(a)AA化PVA及び(b)エチレン変性PVAを配合し、均質溶液となるまで加熱溶解して調製される。
【0013】
(2)AA化EVAエマルジョンについて
シード重合に使用されるAA化EVAエマルジョンは、エチレン/酢酸ビニル/アセト酢酸アリルエステルを、例えば、夫々8.7重量部/100.0重量部/1.0重量部の割合で共重合させて得られる。
AA化EVAのAA化度は、0.1〜10が好ましい。AA化度が0.1未満では耐水性が悪くなり、又10超えると安定性の点で好ましくない。
また、AA化EVA中のエチレン含有量は、ビニルエステル単位100重量部に対し、5〜70重量部であるものが好ましい。
AA化EVAエマルジョンの固形分は25〜75重量%程度で、好ましくは30〜70重量%である。
【0014】
AA化EVAは、市販されており市販品をそのまま用いることができる。
市販品としては、例えば、商品名住化480(住友化学工業(株)製)を挙げることができる。
そして、AA化EVAエマルジョンの使用量は、生成するエマルジョンの固形分中にAA化EVA樹脂が15〜40重量%となる程度が好ましい。
このAA化EVAエマルジョンのシード(種)を使用することにより、得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤の耐温水性が向上し、且つ成膜温度が下がり、低温粘度安定性が改善される。
【0015】
(3)シード重合モノマーについて
重合に使用するモノマーは、酢酸ビニル及びAA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルであるが、その他にこれらと共重合することが可能な公知のモノマー、例えば、プロピオン酸ビニル、バーサチック酸ビニル、マレイン酸エステル、フマル酸エステル等を、生成する合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤の物性を損なわない範囲で少量併用することができる。
酢酸ビニル及びAA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの使用量は、生成するエマルジョンの固形分に対して、夫々10〜70重量%、0.1〜10重量%となる程度が好ましい。
酢酸ビニルが10重量%より少ないと、エマルジョンの粘度が低くなり、又70重量%を超えると、エマルジョンの粘度が高くなり、安定性に欠けるので好ましくない。一方、AA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが0.1重量%より少ないと、耐温水性の点で好ましくなく、又10重量%を超えるとこれ以上の耐温水性の向上が望めなく、しかも粘度が高くなり安定性の点でも好ましくない。
【0016】
(4)シード重合方法について
重合を行うには、重合容器に水と保護コロイドを入れ、次いでこの溶解液にAA化EVAエマルジョンと通常のラジカル重合に使用される重合開始剤を加え、続いて酢酸ビニル及びAA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを添加しながら重合することができる。この場合、モノマーの1部又は全部を重合開始前に水と保護コロイドと一緒に重合容器に添加してもよい。
【0017】
重合温度は使用する反応開始剤の種類により異なるが、例えば、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸カリウムなどを用い、反応開始剤が熱分解することにより重合を進めるような場合には70℃以上が適当である。あるいは過酸化物と還元剤の組み合わせにより重合を進める場合には70℃より低い温度が適当である。
重合して得られるエマルジョン中に含まれる樹脂の濃度は、固形分として25〜65重量%、好ましくは30〜60重量%である。25重量%未満では接着剤とした場合に粘度が低すぎ、逆に65重量%を越えると粘度が高くなりすぎたり、あるいは重合が円滑に進まなくなる。
前記濃度になるよう保護コロイド、シード(種)、モノマー、そして水の量を調整するとよい。
【0018】
本発明の合成樹脂エマルジョンは、そのままでも各種用途、特に好適には木工用接着剤として使用することができるが、必要に応じて、充填材、溶剤、顔料、染料、防腐剤、消泡剤、水溶性ポリマー等が添加される。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例をもって本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されないことはいうまでもない。
(実施例1)
攪拌付きのセパラブルフラスコに、水428重量部、エチレン変性PVA〔RS117(ケン化度99モル%、重合度1700、(株)クラレ製)30重量部+RS617H(ケン化度95〜97モル%、重合度1700、(株)クラレ製)20重量部〕50重量部、AA化PVA〔Z200(ケン化度99モル%、重合度1700、日本合成化学工業(株)製)〕10重量部、酒石酸1重量部を添加し、90°Cで60分間攪拌して溶解した。
次いで、この溶解液に、シード重合用AA化EVAエマルジョン〔#480(不揮発分53〜55%、ガラス転移点(Tg)0°C、住友化学工業(株)製)〕200重量部を添加した。
続いて、この溶液を80°Cに温度調整した後、これに触媒として過酸化水素水(35%)1重量部を加えて、酢酸ビニル300重量部とAA化エチルメタクリレート10重量部との混合物を滴下して重合した。
【0020】
(実施例2)
AA化PVA(Z200)の量を20重量部(Z200:+10重量部)とする以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(実施例3)
エチレン変性PVA(RS617)の量を10重量部(RS合計:−10重量部)とする以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(実施例4)
エチレン変性PVA(RS117)の量を40重量部(RS合計:+10重量部)とする以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
【0021】
(実施例5)
シード重合用AA化EVAエマルジョン(#480)の量を250重量部(#480:+50重量部)とする以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(実施例6)
シード重合用AA化EVAエマルジョン(#480)の量を150重量部(#480:−50重量部)とする以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
【0022】
(比較例1)
エチレン変性PVA(RS)50重量部に代えて、完全ケン化PVA(商品名K117、重合度1700、(株)クラレ製)50重量部を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(比較例2)
AA化PVA(Z200)10重量部に代えて、完全ケン化PVA(商品名K117、重合度1700、(株)クラレ製)10重量部を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(比較例3)
シード重合用AA化EVAエマルジョン(#480)200重量部に代えて、非変性EVAエマルジョン(商品名#400、不揮発物55%、ガラス転位点(Tg)0℃、住友化学工業(株)製))200重量部を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(比較例4)
AA化PVA(Z200)10重量部を使用せず、エチレン変性PVA(RS117)を10重量部増加(RS:+10重量部)した以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
【0023】
(比較例5)
エチレン変性PVA(RS)50重量部を使用せず、AA化PVA(Z200)を50重量部増加(Z200:+50重量部)して用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(比較例6)
シード重合用AA化EVAエマルジョン(#480)200重量部(固形物換算:110重量部)を使用せず、酢ビモノマーを110重量部増加(酢ビモノマー:+110重量部)して用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
(比較例7)
AA化エチルメタクリレート(以下、AA化モノマーと略記する)10重量部を使用せず、酢ビモノマーを10重量部増加(酢ビモノマー:+10重量部)して用いた以外は実施例1と同様にしてエマルジョンを生成した。
【0024】
次に、以上の実施例1〜6、比較例1〜7で得られたエマルジョンについて、以下の性能評価を行った。
〈性能評価〉
(a)耐水性
接着剤として実施例、比較例の樹脂エマルジョンを、試験片としてカバ材/カバ材を用いて試験体を作製し、これを30°Cの水中に3時間、次いで冷水中に10分間浸漬し、濡れたままで圧縮せん断強さ(Kgf/cm2 )(JIS K6852準拠)(N/mm2 )を測定し、耐水性を次の指標で評価(◎〜○が実用性あり)した。
◎:120Kgf/cm2 (11.8N/mm2 )以上
○:100Kgf/cm2 ( 9.8N/mm2 )以上
△: 50Kgf/cm2 ( 4.9N/mm2 )以上
×: 50Kgf/cm2 ( 4.9N/mm2 )未満
(b)耐温水性
前記試験体を60°Cの温水中に3時間浸漬し、冷水中に10分間入れ、濡れたままで圧縮せん断強さ(Kgf/cm2 )(JIS K 6852準拠)(N/mm2 )を測定し、耐温水性を次の指標で評価(◎〜○が実用性あり)した。
◎:10Kgf/cm2 (1.0N/mm2 )以上
○: 5Kgf/cm2 (0.5N/mm2 )以上
△: 1Kgf/cm2 (0.1N/mm2 )以上
×: 1Kgf/cm2 (0.1N/mm2 )未満
【0025】
(c)低温粘度安定性(低温作業性)
実施例、比較例の樹脂エマルジョンを0℃で7日間養生後、BH型粘度計(4回転)で0℃の粘度を測定し、次いでそれらの23℃おける粘度との比(0℃/23℃)を求め、低温粘度安定性(低温作業性)を次の指標で評価(◎〜○が実用性あり)した。
◎: 5倍以下
○:10倍以下
△:15倍以下
×:15倍以上
(d)高温粘度安定性(保存性)
実施例、比較例の樹脂エマルジョンを50℃で7日間養生後、BH型粘度計(10回転)で50℃の粘度を測定し、次いでそれらの23℃おける粘度との比(50℃/23℃)を求め、高温粘度安定性(保存性)を次の指標で評価(◎〜○が実用性あり)した。
◎:1.5倍以下
○:2.0倍以下
△:3.0倍以下
×:3.0倍以上
以上の実施例1〜6、比較例1〜7の重合組成の特徴と上記各種の評価は、次の表1に示されている。
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 0004592164
表1の結果からみて、実施例1〜6は、比較例1〜7(耐温水性及び低温粘度安定性(低温作業性)は全て不良で、実用性なし))に対し、▲1▼耐水性及び耐温水性、▲2▼低温粘度安定性(低温作業性)、▲3▼高温粘度安定性(保存性)の全てにおいて優れていることが判る。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した様に、本発明によれば、保護コロイドとして(a)AA化変性PVA及び(b)エチレン変性PVAを用い、AA化EVAエマルジョンに、酢酸ビニル及びAA化(メタ)アクリル酸エステルをシード重合することにより、従来のAA化PVAを保護コロイドとする酢酸ビニル重合体エマルジョンの欠点を全て改良した、特に木工用接着剤として好適な合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is excellent in (1) water-resistant adhesive strength and hot water-resistant adhesive strength (hereinafter referred to as water resistance and hot water resistance), (2) low viscosity increase at low temperatures and good low temperature workability, and (3) ▼ It relates to a one-component water-based emulsion adhesive that has good storage stability at high temperatures.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Adhesives obtained by emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate using polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid are often used in construction, furniture, and paper industry.
Its features are strong adhesive strength, safety for hands, and ease of cleaning of tools used for bonding. However, on the other hand, it has an inherent drawback of low water resistance.
[0003]
On the other hand, there are urea resin, phenol resin, and resorcinol resin adhesive as adhesives having excellent water resistance. These adhesives are mainly used to produce plywood, but since they contain a formalin component, the toxicity of formalin released from this plywood has recently been taken up as a social problem.
That is, recent detached houses and condominiums use many plywoods as building interior materials, but these houses are becoming more airtight in order to improve air conditioning and soundproofing performance. As a result, it has become increasingly clear that formalin released from plywood stays in the house and harms the health of the residents. For these reasons, there has been an increasing demand for a one-component type aqueous adhesive that does not contain a formalin component and has excellent water resistance.
As an answer to this, for example, as described in JP-A-7-138305, acetoacetylated modified polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as “AA-modified PVA”) is used as a protective colloid, and vinyl acetate monomer alone or Emulsion-type adhesives have been developed by polymerizing it with other monomers.
[0004]
However, although this adhesive is also almost satisfactory in terms of water resistance, it is extremely poor in warm water resistance, has a large increase in viscosity at low temperatures, has poor workability at low temperatures, and has a problem in storage stability and time. There are problems such as gelation with progress.
In addition, in this publication, it is introduced that an acid sulfite as a stabilizer is added in order to ensure storage stability, but this method is not sufficient and the stable storage period is short.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has (1) excellent water resistance and hot water resistance, (2) small increase in viscosity at low temperature, good low temperature workability, and (3) improvement without using a stabilizer such as acidic sulfite. It is an object of the present invention to provide a one-pack type aqueous emulsion adhesive having a preserved storage property.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have (b) ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as “ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol”) as (I) protective colloid in addition to (a) AA-modified PVA. And (II) an acetoacetylated modified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “AA modified EVA”) emulsion as a seed. ) It has been discovered that by polymerizing acrylic acid ester (hereinafter referred to as “AA-modified (meth) acrylic acid ester”), the disadvantages of the conventional one-component aqueous emulsion adhesive can be greatly improved. The present invention has been completed.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is obtained by seed polymerization of vinyl acetate and AA (meth) acrylic ester into an AA EVA emulsion using (a) AA-modified PVA and (b) ethylene-modified PVA as protective colloids. A synthetic resin emulsion adhesive is used as the constitution.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Below, each structure of this invention is demonstrated in detail.
(1) About protective colloid (a) AA-modified PVA
AA-PVA is obtained by reacting PVA and diketene by a known method.
For example, PVA is dispersed in an acetic acid solvent and diketene is added thereto, and PVA is previously dissolved in a solvent such as dimethylformamide or dioxane, and diketene is added thereto. There is also a method of obtaining AA-modified PVA by directly contacting PVA with diketene gas or liquid diketene.
[0009]
The average degree of polymerization of AA-PVA is 200 to 2600, preferably 500 to 2000, and the average degree of saponification is preferably in the range of 80 to 99 mol%, particularly 84 to 99 mol%. When the average saponification degree is less than 80 mol%, the viscosity of the emulsion becomes too high and the practicality becomes poor. On the other hand, when it exceeds 99 mol%, the viscosity stability at low temperature and the low temperature fluidity of the emulsion are inferior.
The AA degree of AA-modified PVA is suitably in the range of 0.1 to 20 mol%, preferably 2 to 10 mol%. If the AA degree is less than 0.1 mol%, the contribution to the water resistance, stability and viscosity of the emulsion is small. On the other hand, if the AA degree exceeds 20 mol%, the dispersion system is destroyed during the emulsion polymerization. A homogeneous emulsion state cannot be obtained, or even if obtained, the stability of the emulsion is poor, which is not preferable as a practical product.
[0010]
This AA-PVA is commercially available, and a commercially available product can be used as it is.
As a commercial item, brand name Z100, Z200, Z210, Z320 (made by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned, for example.
The amount of AA-PVA used is preferably such that AA-PVA is 1 to 15% by weight in the solid content of the emulsion to be produced. If it is less than 1% by weight, the polymerization stability at the time of polymerization is lowered, and the resulting synthetic resin emulsion adhesive is not sufficiently improved in hot water resistance. The hot water resistance does not improve any more.
[0011]
(B) Ethylene-modified PVA
The ethylene-modified PVA is composed of PVA containing 1 to 10 mol% of ethylene groups in the molecule, and the average degree of polymerization is 200 to 4000, preferably about 500 to 2500, and the degree of saponification is 90 to 99.5. It is about mol%, preferably about 95 to 99 mol%.
Ethylene-modified PVA is commercially available, and a commercially available product can be used as it is. Examples of commercially available products include Kuraray RS polymers (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) such as RS-105, RS-110, RS-113, RS-117, RS-613, and RS-617.
The amount of ethylene-modified PVA used is preferably such that the ethylene-modified PVA is 1 to 15% by weight in the solid content of the emulsion to be produced. If it is less than 1% by weight, the polymerization stability during polymerization is lowered, and the resulting synthetic resin emulsion adhesive has insufficient viscosity stability at low temperatures, while if it is more than 15% by weight, the polymerization stability is also reduced. In addition, the viscosity stability at low temperatures does not improve any more.
The above protective colloids act to maintain the stability of the emulsion produced during polymerization, and in combination, the resulting synthetic resin emulsion adhesive has water resistance, hot water resistance, viscosity stability at low temperatures and storage. Improve sex.
[0012]
The total amount of the protective colloids (a) to (b) used is 1.1 to 35% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight, based on the solid content of the emulsion to be produced.
For example, the protective colloid liquid is prepared by adding water to an atmospheric pressure polymerization apparatus equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, a dripping device, a thermometer, a nitrogen airflow device, and the like to obtain desired amounts of (a) AA-PVA and (b) ethylene-modified PVA And heated and dissolved until a homogeneous solution is prepared.
[0013]
(2) AA-ized EVA emulsion AA-ized EVA emulsion used for seed polymerization is ethylene / vinyl acetate / acetoacetate allyl ester, for example, 8.7 parts by weight / 100.0 parts by weight / 1.0 parts by weight, respectively. It is obtained by copolymerization at a ratio of parts.
The AA degree of AA-ized EVA is preferably from 0.1 to 10. If the AA degree is less than 0.1, the water resistance deteriorates, and if it exceeds 10, the stability is not preferred.
Moreover, what is 5-70 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of vinyl ester units is preferable for ethylene content in AA-ized EVA.
The solid content of the AA-ized EVA emulsion is about 25 to 75% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight.
[0014]
AA-ized EVA is commercially available, and a commercially available product can be used as it is.
As a commercial item, the brand name Sumika 480 (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. product) can be mentioned, for example.
And the usage-amount of AA-ized EVA emulsion is a grade from which AA-ized EVA resin will be 15 to 40 weight% in solid content of the emulsion to produce | generate.
By using seeds of this AA-ized EVA emulsion, the hot water resistance of the resulting synthetic resin emulsion adhesive is improved, the film forming temperature is lowered, and the low-temperature viscosity stability is improved.
[0015]
(3) Seed polymerization monomer Monomers used for polymerization are vinyl acetate and AA (meth) acrylic acid ester, and other known monomers that can be copolymerized with these, for example, vinyl propionate, A small amount of vinyl versatate, maleic acid ester, fumaric acid ester and the like can be used in a range that does not impair the physical properties of the resulting synthetic resin emulsion adhesive.
The amount of vinyl acetate and AA (meth) acrylic acid ester used is preferably about 10 to 70% by weight and 0.1 to 10% by weight, respectively, based on the solid content of the emulsion to be produced.
If the amount of vinyl acetate is less than 10% by weight, the viscosity of the emulsion is lowered, and if it exceeds 70% by weight, the viscosity of the emulsion is increased and the stability is insufficient. On the other hand, if the AA (meth) acrylic acid ester is less than 0.1% by weight, it is not preferable in terms of hot water resistance, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, no further improvement in hot water resistance can be expected, and the viscosity Becomes higher, which is not preferable in terms of stability.
[0016]
(4) In order to carry out the polymerization for the seed polymerization method, water and a protective colloid are put in a polymerization vessel, and then an AA EVA emulsion and a polymerization initiator used for ordinary radical polymerization are added to this solution, followed by acetic acid. Polymerization can be performed while adding vinyl and AA (meth) acrylic acid ester. In this case, a part or all of the monomer may be added to the polymerization vessel together with water and protective colloid before the start of polymerization.
[0017]
The polymerization temperature varies depending on the type of reaction initiator used. For example, in the case where ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, or the like is used and the polymerization proceeds by thermal decomposition of the reaction initiator, 70 ° C. or higher is appropriate. . Alternatively, a temperature lower than 70 ° C. is appropriate when the polymerization is advanced by a combination of a peroxide and a reducing agent.
The density | concentration of resin contained in the emulsion obtained by superposition | polymerization is 25 to 65 weight% as solid content, Preferably it is 30 to 60 weight%. If the amount is less than 25% by weight, the viscosity of the adhesive is too low. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 65% by weight, the viscosity becomes too high, or the polymerization does not proceed smoothly.
The amount of protective colloid, seeds, monomers, and water may be adjusted to achieve the above concentrations.
[0018]
The synthetic resin emulsion of the present invention can be used as it is for various uses, particularly preferably as an adhesive for woodworking, but if necessary, fillers, solvents, pigments, dyes, preservatives, antifoaming agents, A water-soluble polymer or the like is added.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
In a separable flask with stirring, 428 parts by weight of water, ethylene-modified PVA [RS117 (degree of saponification 99 mol%, degree of polymerization 1700, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) 30 parts by weight + RS617H (degree of saponification 95 to 97 mol%, Polymerization degree 1700, Kuraray Co., Ltd. 20 parts by weight] 50 parts by weight, AA-PVA [Z200 (saponification degree 99 mol%, polymerization degree 1700, manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry)] 10 parts by weight, tartaric acid 1 part by weight was added and dissolved by stirring at 90 ° C. for 60 minutes.
Next, 200 parts by weight of seed polymerization AA EVA emulsion [# 480 (non-volatile content: 53 to 55%, glass transition point (Tg) 0 ° C., manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)] was added to this solution. .
Subsequently, after the temperature of this solution was adjusted to 80 ° C., 1 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide (35%) was added as a catalyst thereto, and a mixture of 300 parts by weight of vinyl acetate and 10 parts by weight of AA ethyl methacrylate was added. Was dropped to polymerize.
[0020]
(Example 2)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of AA-modified PVA (Z200) was 20 parts by weight (Z200: +10 parts by weight).
(Example 3)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of ethylene-modified PVA (RS617) was 10 parts by weight (RS total: -10 parts by weight).
Example 4
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of ethylene-modified PVA (RS117) was 40 parts by weight (total RS: +10 parts by weight).
[0021]
(Example 5)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the AA EVA emulsion for seed polymerization (# 480) was 250 parts by weight (# 480: +50 parts by weight).
(Example 6)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of AA EVA emulsion for seed polymerization (# 480) was 150 parts by weight (# 480: -50 parts by weight).
[0022]
(Comparative Example 1)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 50 parts by weight of completely saponified PVA (trade name K117, polymerization degree 1700, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 50 parts by weight of ethylene-modified PVA (RS). .
(Comparative Example 2)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of completely saponified PVA (trade name K117, polymerization degree 1700, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 10 parts by weight of AA-PVA (Z200). .
(Comparative Example 3)
Instead of 200 parts by weight of AA EVA emulsion for seed polymerization (# 480), non-modified EVA emulsion (trade name # 400, 55% non-volatile, glass transition point (Tg) 0 ° C., manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) ) An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 200 parts by weight were used.
(Comparative Example 4)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of AA-modified PVA (Z200) was not used and ethylene-modified PVA (RS117) was increased by 10 parts by weight (RS: +10 parts by weight).
[0023]
(Comparative Example 5)
An emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 50 parts by weight of ethylene-modified PVA (RS) was not used and AA-modified PVA (Z200) was used in an amount of 50 parts by weight (Z200: +50 parts by weight).
(Comparative Example 6)
Implemented except that 200 parts by weight of AA EVA emulsion for seed polymerization (# 480) (solid conversion: 110 parts by weight) was used and vinyl acetate monomer was increased by 110 parts by weight (vinyl acetate monomer: +110 parts by weight). An emulsion was produced as in Example 1.
(Comparative Example 7)
Except for using 10 parts by weight of AA ethyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as AA monomer) and increasing vinyl acetate monomer by 10 parts by weight (vinyl acetate monomer: +10 parts by weight), the same procedure as in Example 1 was used. An emulsion was produced.
[0024]
Next, the following performance evaluation was performed about the emulsion obtained in the above Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-7.
<Performance evaluation>
(A) Test specimens were prepared using the resin emulsions of Examples and Comparative Examples as water-resistant adhesives and birch / birch as test pieces, which were placed in 30 ° C water for 3 hours, and then in cold water. Immerse for 10 minutes and measure the compressive shear strength (Kgf / cm 2 ) (conforms to JIS K 6852) (N / mm 2 ) while wet, and evaluate the water resistance using the following indicators (◎ to ○ are practical) did.
◎: 120Kgf / cm 2 (11.8N / mm 2) or more ○: 100Kgf / cm 2 (9.8N / mm 2) or more △: 50Kgf / cm 2 (4.9N / mm 2) or more ×: 50Kgf / cm 2 (4.9 N / mm 2 ) (b) Warm water resistance The test specimen was immersed in warm water at 60 ° C. for 3 hours, placed in cold water for 10 minutes, and kept in compression, compressive shear strength (Kgf / cm 2 ) (Conforms to JIS K 6852) (N / mm 2 ) was measured, and the hot water resistance was evaluated by the following index (◎ to ○ are practical).
◎: 10 kgf / cm 2 (1.0 N / mm 2 ) or more ○: 5 kgf / cm 2 (0.5 N / mm 2 ) or more Δ: 1 kgf / cm 2 (0.1 N / mm 2 ) or more ×: 1 kgf / cm Less than 2 (0.1 N / mm 2 )
(C) Low temperature viscosity stability (low temperature workability)
After curing the resin emulsions of Examples and Comparative Examples at 0 ° C. for 7 days, the viscosity at 0 ° C. was measured with a BH type viscometer (4 rotations), and then the ratio with the viscosity at 23 ° C. (0 ° C./23° C.). ) Was evaluated and the low-temperature viscosity stability (low-temperature workability) was evaluated by the following indices (◎ to ○ are practical).
◎: 5 times or less ○: 10 times or less Δ: 15 times or less ×: 15 times or more (d) High temperature viscosity stability (storability)
After curing the resin emulsions of Examples and Comparative Examples at 50 ° C. for 7 days, the viscosity at 50 ° C. was measured with a BH type viscometer (10 rotations), and then the ratio with the viscosity at 23 ° C. (50 ° C./23° C. ) And high-temperature viscosity stability (storability) was evaluated by the following indices (◎ to ○ are practical).
◎: 1.5 times or less ○: 2.0 times or less Δ: 3.0 times or less ×: 3.0 times or more of the characteristics of the polymerization compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 The evaluation is shown in Table 1 below.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004592164
From the results of Table 1, Examples 1 to 6 are as follows: (1) Water resistance against Comparative Examples 1 to 7 (warm water resistance and low temperature viscosity stability (low temperature workability) are all poor and no practicality)) It can be seen that it is excellent in all of (1) low temperature viscosity stability (low temperature workability) and (3) high temperature viscosity stability (storability).
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, (a) AA-modified PVA and (b) ethylene-modified PVA are used as protective colloids, and vinyl acetate and AA- (meth) acrylate are added to an AA-EVA emulsion. The seed polymerization can provide a synthetic resin emulsion adhesive particularly improved as an adhesive for woodworking, in which all the disadvantages of the conventional vinyl acetate polymer emulsion using AA-PVA as a protective colloid are improved.

Claims (1)

保護コロイドとして、(a)アセトアセチル化変性ポリビニルアルコール及び(b)エチレン変性ポリビニルアルコールを用い、アセトアセチル化変性エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体エマルジョンに、酢酸ビニル及びアセトアセチル化変性(メタ)アクリル酸エステルをシード重合して得られる合成樹脂エマルジョン接着剤。As protective colloid, (a) acetoacetylated modified polyvinyl alcohol and (b) ethylene modified polyvinyl alcohol were used. Synthetic resin emulsion adhesive obtained by seed polymerization.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61197649A (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-09-01 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The Emulsion composition
JPH06158009A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-06-07 Shoei Kagaku Kogyo Kk Water-based adhesive composition
JPH10297101A (en) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-10 Ricoh Co Ltd Heat sensitive recording material
JPH1192734A (en) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-06 Konishi Co Ltd Wood adhesive

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61197649A (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-09-01 Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The Emulsion composition
JPH06158009A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-06-07 Shoei Kagaku Kogyo Kk Water-based adhesive composition
JPH10297101A (en) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-10 Ricoh Co Ltd Heat sensitive recording material
JPH1192734A (en) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-06 Konishi Co Ltd Wood adhesive

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