JP4583365B2 - Retaining wall and construction method of retaining wall - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a retaining wall that prevents the collapse of earth and sand in various slopes, and a construction method thereof.

  Among the retaining walls of this type, the retaining wall 180 (Patent Document 1) of Conventional Example 1 shown in FIG. 10 (a) already disclosed by the present inventor and the retaining wall of Conventional Example 2 shown in FIG. 11 (a). There is a wall 190 (Patent Document 2).

  The retaining wall 180 of the prior art example 1 connects a surface plate 182 standing in front of the slope 8, a holding plate 184 standing upright behind the surface plate 182, and the surface plate 182 and the holding plate 184. A plurality of retaining wall blocks 181 including the connecting plates 183 are arranged so that the surface plates 182 of each retaining wall block 181 are adjacent to each other on the left and right, and in a space 185 between the surface plate 182 and the holding plate 184. It is constructed by being filled with a filling material Ro.

In addition, the retaining wall 190 of Conventional Example 2 is different in shape from Conventional Example 1, but is constructed by arranging a plurality of blocks 191 on the left and right sides and filling the space 195 with the filling material Rs. Here, the covering net which covers the horizontal gap between the drooping net part 197 which closes the vertical gap between the surface plates 192 of the block 191 which is connected to the left and right, and the surface plate 192 of the block 191 which is clogged up and down. The protective material 196 having the portion 198 covers the filling material Rs filled in the space 195 to prevent the filling material Rs from flowing out.
JP 2004-76343 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-285566

  Although the retaining wall 180 of Conventional Example 1 is strong and excellent in earthquake resistance, it still remains as shown in FIG. 10B when a large earthquake hits directly and the ground moves. The wall block 181 may be displaced, and a gap g may be formed between the surface plates 182 adjacent to the left and right. At that time, there arises a problem that the filler Ro flows out from the gap g.

  In addition, since the retaining wall 190 of the conventional example 2 includes the protective material 196, the protective material 196 prevents the outflow of the filling material Rs even when the ground moves and the block 191 is slightly shifted. However, when strong vibration continues for a long time, the protective material 196 vibrates following the abutting block 191 and repeats relative movement with respect to the filling Rs, thereby FIG. As shown in (b), there is a possibility that the filler Rs flows out from the gap g between the surface plates 192 due to distortion or rising.

  The reason why the protective material 196 is concerned that it vibrates following the block 191 is that Patent Document 2 mentions earth and sand in the field in addition to pebbles as the filler Rs, and the size of the nets 197 and 198. In light of the fact that there is no description about this, and that the protective material may be a concrete shielding plate, the interlocking effect according to the present invention described later is not particularly intended. That is, the protective material 196 is intended to prevent both the drooping net portion 197 and the covering net portion 198 from flowing out by pressing the filling material Rs that is in contact with itself. Since the main purpose is not to make the protective material 196 difficult to slip by being restrained by Rs, the portions where the packing material Rs is arranged on both sides of each of the net portions 197 and 198 are as follows. The net part is restrained by the meshing of the pebbles on both sides by positively projecting the pebbles in the filler Rs from the mesh of the net part, even if there is no, little, for example. It is not considered a thing.

  Therefore, an object is to suppress the movement of the protective material following the surface plate.

(1) The retaining wall according to the present invention has a crushed stone in front of a slope, a surface plate standing in front of the slope on the crushed stone, and a clip plate standing in the back of the surface plate. And a plurality of retaining wall blocks including a connecting plate connecting the surface plate and the holding plate, the surface plates are arranged so that the surface plates are adjacent to each other on the left and right, and on the back surfaces of the two surface plates connected to the left and right, A front surface portion that straddles between the two surface plates, and a bottom surface portion that extends rearward from the lower end of the front surface portion along the bottom surface of the space between the surface plate and the holding plate, The bottom portion is provided with a protective material that is a net-like body having a mesh size that allows crushed stones to protrude, and is constructed by filling the voids with crushed stone, and the bottom portions are arranged above and below the crushed stones. Even when the surface plate moves, the protective material follows the surface plate and moves when the surface plate moves. Prevented from.

(2) The method for constructing a retaining wall according to the present invention includes a step of laying crushed stone in front of a slope, a surface plate standing in front of the slope on the crushed stone, and a space behind the surface plate. A step of arranging a plurality of retaining wall blocks including a holding plate standing upright and a connecting plate connecting the surface plate and the holding plate so that the surface plates are adjacent to each other on the left and right, and two A front surface portion that spans between the two surface plates on the back surface of the surface plate, and extends rearward from the lower end of the front surface portion along the bottom surface of the space between the surface plate and the holding plate. and a bottom portion, viewed including the step of filling the step of installing at least the bottom portion protection member is a reticulated body crushed stone with a mesh of possible sizes protrusion, the crushed stone into the cavity, the The bottom plate was restrained by meshing the crushed stones arranged above and below, and the surface plate moved. Also, suppress the said guard member is moved to follow the surface plate.

  In these inventions (1) or (2), the protective material is not only provided with a front surface portion and a bottom surface portion, but in addition to them, from the right side surface portion extending rearward from the right end of the front surface portion, from the left end of the front surface portion. Examples include at least one or more of a left side surface portion extending rearward, a rear surface portion extending upward from the rear end of the bottom surface portion, or a top surface portion extending rearward from the upper end of the front surface portion. The aspect of the combination of each surface part is illustrated in the following (a) to (c).

(A) In addition to the front surface portion and the bottom surface portion, the protective material includes a right side surface portion that extends rearward from the right end of the front surface portion, and a left side surface portion that extends rearward from the left end of the front surface portion. A mode in which the lower end of the right side surface portion and the right end of the bottom surface portion are combined, and the lower end of the left side surface portion and the left end of the bottom surface portion are combined.

(B) The protective material includes a front surface portion and a bottom surface portion, and a rear surface portion extending upward from a rear end of the bottom surface portion in addition to the right side surface portion and the left side surface portion of (a) above, and the rear surface portion is a net-like structure including the mesh. A form that is a body and is formed in an upper opening type box shape by combining the rear end of the right side surface portion and the right end of the rear surface portion , and combining the rear end of the left side surface portion and the left end of the rear surface portion .

(C) In addition to the front surface portion and the bottom surface portion, the protective material includes a top surface portion extending rearward from the upper end of the front surface portion, and a rear surface portion extending upward from the rear end of the bottom surface portion, and the top surface portion and the rear surface portion are the meshes. The aspect formed in the annular | circular shape which left | separated from right and left when the rear end of a top | upper surface part and the upper end of a rear surface part couple | bond together.

  The protective material may be applied between any of the two surface plates. Therefore, the number of the protective materials is not particularly limited, but is preferably applied between all of the surface plates. This is because the retaining wall is generally more resistant to earthquakes.

  In addition, the retaining wall is usually constructed by stacking and implementing the invention (1) or (2) in a plurality of stages, but it may be a single stage.

1. Crushed stone Although the said crushed stone is not specifically limited, The thing of a size of 20-60 mm is preferable. Moreover, although the thing in the same range may be mixed, it is a kind of single-grain crushed stone in the same range, ie, No. 2 (crushed stone having a size in the range of 40-60 mm), No. 3 (30-40 mm It is preferable to use any one type of single-grain crushed stone of No. 4 (crushed stone having a size within a range of 20 to 30 mm) or No. 4 (crushed stone having a size within a range of 20 to 30 mm). This is because the restriction of the bottom surface by the crushed stone can be further stabilized by making the particle size of the crushed stone uniform.

2. Protective material 2-1. Action Each part of the protective material has the following actions.
Even when an earthquake occurs and the ground is displaced and a gap is formed between both surface plates, the front portion can be closed by the front portion, thereby preventing crushed stones from flowing out.
The bottom surface portion is engaged with the crushed stones arranged above and below the bottom surface portion through the mesh of the bottom surface portion, thereby securing an interlock effect and restraining the bottom surface portion, thereby, when an earthquake occurs, etc. Even when the surface plate moves, the protective material is prevented from moving following the surface plate.
The right side surface portion and the left side surface portion (the above-described aspect a) can be sandwiched and restrained from the left and right sides by meshing the crushed stones arranged on the left and right sides of each side surface portion. Therefore, even when the surface plate moves left and right due to a shear resistance force to the left and right, it is difficult for the protective material to follow the movement.
When the rear surface part is added to the right side surface part and the left side surface part (the above aspect b), the bottom surface part, the right side surface part, the left side surface part, and the rear surface part are filled with the crushed stone by filling the inside of the protective material with crushed stone. Restrained, thereby further increasing the shear resistance.
The top surface and rear surface (the above-mentioned aspect c) are crushed stones that are bound and restrained by a protective material, and their surroundings are united, and the retaining wall is destroyed by a direct large-scale earthquake such as subsidence of the surface plate or sliding during an earthquake. To prevent.

2-2. In order to obtain the above action, each surface portion other than the front surface portion of the protective material, that is, the bottom surface portion, the right side surface portion, the left side surface portion, the rear surface portion, and the top surface portion is a net-like shape having a mesh size that allows crushed stones to protrude. It needs to be a body. This is because, as described above, the crushed stones arranged on both sides of each surface portion mesh with each other through the mesh of each surface portion, and the interlock effect is obtained.

If expressed numerically, the mesh size of the network is preferably 20 to 75% of the average size of the crushed stone (preferably a kind of single-grain crushed stone as described above), and is preferably 20 to 60%. More preferably. Specifically, in the case of the No. 2 (size in the range of 40 to 60 mm) single-grain crushed stone, a mesh of 10 to 30 mm is preferable, and the No. 3 (size in the range of 30 to 40 mm). In the case of the single-grain crushed stone, a mesh of 10 to 20 mm is preferable, and in the case of the single-grain crushed stone of No. 4 (size in the range of 20 to 30 mm), a mesh of 5 to 15 mm is preferable. This is because, if the mesh has a size within this range, a part of one crushed stone can be easily fitted into the mesh, thereby easily obtaining a restraining force by the crushed stone. However, the size of the mesh can be evaluated by the length of the short side when the mesh is rectangular, for example, and can be evaluated by the narrowest interval of one mesh when the mesh is other than that.
Although it does not specifically limit as a mesh shape of a net-like body, A polygon, a circle | round | yen, a deformed shape, these mixtures etc. can be illustrated about a triangle-hexagon.

  The front part of the protective material may be a mesh body having the same mesh as the bottom surface part or the like, or a mesh body having a mesh size other than that, or other than the mesh body (for example, a plate body, a fence) Or the like). However, it is preferable that the front part is a net-like body having the same mesh as that of the bottom part and the like because the front part can be expected to be restrained by crushed stone and the production of the protective material is facilitated.

2-3. Coupling The front part and the bottom part may be joined together by bending one mesh body, connecting two mesh bodies, or connecting something other than the mesh body and the mesh body. But you can. The same applies to the coupling between the front surface portion, the bottom surface portion, the right side surface portion, the left side surface portion, the rear surface portion, and the top surface portion.

2-4. Material The material of the net-like body can be exemplified by resin, metal, fiber, paper, wood, etc., regardless of natural or artificial, as long as it has a predetermined density and weather resistance. There is no particular limitation. However, in terms of strength, availability, cost, etc., the mesh is preferably a geogrid in which the above mesh is selected.

2-5. Dimensions of the front portion The vertical length of the front portion is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% or more of the height of the surface plate, and more preferably 90% or more. If it is too short, it will not function. In addition, the overlapping width between the front portion and the left and right surface plates is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 mm or more, and more preferably 200 mm or more. This is because the longer the overlap width, the larger the area of the portion sandwiched between the crushed stone on the front surface and the back surface of the front plate, and the bond strength becomes stronger.

2-6. The dimension of the bottom surface portion The length of the bottom surface portion in the front-rear direction is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 mm or more, and more preferably 300 mm or more. The length of the bottom surface in the left-right direction is not particularly limited, but is preferably 400 mm or more, and more preferably 500 mm or more. This is because as the area of the bottom surface portion increases, the area of the bottom surface portion restrained by the crushed stone increases, and the bond strength to the crushed stone increases.

3. Retaining Wall Block The retaining wall block is preferably such that the height of the retaining plate and the height of the rear portion of the connecting plate are about 1/2 with respect to the height of the surface plate. This is due to the fact that the upper and lower interlocking effects are enhanced by the crushed stone on the upper part of the holding plate.

  According to the present invention, even when the surface plate moves, such as when an earthquake occurs, by constraining the bottom surface of the protective material by meshing (interlocking effect) between the crushed stones arranged above and below the protective material, It is possible to suppress the movement of the protective material following the surface plate.

  The retaining wall of the present invention lays a crushed stone R in front of the slope 8, and stands on the crushed stone R with a surface plate 21 standing in front of the slope 8 and spaced behind the surface plate 21. A plurality of retaining wall blocks 20 including a holding plate 31 and a connecting plate 26 connecting the surface plate and 21 holding plate 31 are arranged so that the surface plates 21 are adjacent to each other on the left and right sides, and two surface plates connected to the left and right The front part 51 is applied to the rear surface of the front surface 21 across the front surface parts 21, and the rear side of the front part 51 extends along the bottom surface of the space 41 between the front surface plate 21 and the holding plate 31 from the lower end of the front surface part 51. And at least the bottom surface portion 52 is provided with a protective material 50 that is a net-like body having a mesh size that allows the crushed stone R to protrude, and the space 41 is filled with the crushed stone R and constructed. is doing.

  The retaining wall shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 of the first embodiment is provided on the ground surface 6 composed of a bottom surface 7 that is substantially horizontal to the ground and a slope 8 that is inclined obliquely upward from the bottom surface 7. . In addition, the dimension given below (Examples 1-4) is an illustration, and can be changed suitably.

  Each retaining wall step 9 of the retaining wall includes a foundation 10 including a crushed stone R laid in front of the slope 8 and a plurality of retaining wall blocks arranged in a row on the left and right along the upper surface of the foundation 10. 20, a protective material 50 installed between each of the two retaining wall blocks 20 connected to the left and right, a space 41 between the retaining wall blocks 20, and between the retaining wall block 20 and the slope 8. And a crushed stone R spread in the gap 46. The retaining wall steps 9 are stacked along the slope of the slope 8 in a plurality of steps diagonally upward.

  The crushed stone R is for fixing the retaining wall block 20 to the site ground 6 by meshing with the crushed stone R arranged above and below the crushed stone R (so-called No. 3) having a size within a range of 30 to 40 mm. Are used.

  The foundation 10 is composed of a groove 11 that is long and deeply excavated on the bottom surface 7, a crushed stone R spread in the groove 11, and a foundation net 13 that wraps the crushed stone R.

  The groove 11 is for filling the crushed stone R, and the front and rear widths are 1500 to 2000 mm at the upper end (opening), 1000 to 2000 mm at the lower end (bottom), and the depth is 200 to 500 mm. It has become.

  The foundation net 13 is for wrapping in a lump so that the crushed stone R does not flow out, and is a net-like body made of geogrid. The size of the mesh of the foundation net 13 is such that the crushed stone R can protrude, and thus the size of the crushed stone R can be engaged with the crushed stone R through the mesh. It is about 14 mm, which is about 40% of the average size (about 35 mm).

  The retaining wall block 20 includes a front plate 21 standing in front of the slope 8, a holding plate 31 standing upright behind the front plate 21, a left-right intermediate portion of the front plate 21, and a holding plate 31. The connecting plate 26 that connects the left and right intermediate portions is precast integrally with concrete. The weight of the retaining wall block 20 is about 1300 kg, and the shape and size of each component are as follows.

  The surface plate 21 is a rectangular plate having a left and right length of about 2000 mm, a height of about 1000 mm, and a thickness of about 120 mm. A pattern such as a stone wall pattern or a groove pattern is provided on the surface. The surface plate 21 includes projecting portions 22 projecting from a connecting portion with the connecting plate 26 on both the left and right sides, and recesses 23 are formed at both upper and lower ends of the tip of the projecting portion 22. The retaining wall blocks 20 are arranged so that the surface plates 21 are adjacent to each other on the left and right, and a slit 24 is formed by a recess 23 between the surface plates 21.

  The holding plate 31 is a rectangular plate having a left and right length of about 1860 mm, a height of about 500 mm, and a thickness of about 120 mm. Protruding portions 32 that protrude from the connecting portion with the connecting plate 26 are formed at both left and right ends of the holding plate 31.

  The connecting plate 26 is a pair of plates having a front and rear length of 1000 mm, a height of about 500 mm, and a thickness of about 100 mm. However, a reinforcing portion 27 is formed to protrude upward in front of the connecting plate 26 (on the surface plate side), and the height in the front is increased to about 900 mm by the reinforcing portion 27.

  The protective material 50 is used to prevent the crushed stone R from flowing out from the gap g when a gap g is formed between the two surface boards 21 connected to the left and right. 21 includes a front surface portion 51 that extends across the surface plates 21 and a bottom surface portion 52 that is bent from the lower end of the front surface portion 51 and extends rearward along the bottom surface of the space 41. ing. This protective material 50 is formed by bending a mesh body made of geogrid, and the size of the mesh is the same as that of the net 13 for the foundation, so that the crushed stone R can protrude, and thus the crushed stone R through the mesh. Specifically, the mesh size is about 14 mm, which is about 40% of the average size of the crushed stone R (about 35 mm). Since the protective material 50 is net-like in this way, the front surface portion 51 does not hinder the rainwater from flowing down from the slit 24, and the bottom surface portion 52 has crushed stones R arranged above and below it. By meshing, it is restrained in the meantime.

  As for the dimensions of the protective material 50, the vertical length H of the front surface portion 51 is about 1000 mm which is substantially equal to the height of the surface plate 21, and the left and right lengths W of the front surface portion 51 and the bottom surface portion 52 are about 500 mm. The length L before and after the bottom surface portion 52 is about 300 mm. The protective material 50 is installed with the upper and lower ends of the front surface portion 51 aligned with the upper and lower ends of the surface plate 21 and the left and right centers of the front surface portion 51 aligned between the surface plates 21. Therefore, the overlap width p between the front surface portion 51 and the left and right surface plates 21 is about 250 mm, respectively.

  The space 41 includes a central space 42 surrounded by the surface plate 21, the retaining plate 31, and the connecting plates 26 inside each retaining wall block 20, and two retaining wall blocks 20 adjacent to the left and right. The side space 43 is surrounded by the protruding portions 22 of both surface plates 21, the protruding portions 32 of both holding plates 31, and the two connecting plates 26.

  The method for constructing the retaining wall shown above is described in detail below in the order of foundation construction → installation of protection blocks → installation of protective materials → filling of crushed stone.

(Construction of foundation)
A groove 11 is excavated in the bottom surface 7 to the left and right. The foundation net 13 is laid in the groove 11 so that both ends of the foundation net 13 are left and behind the groove 11, and the crushed stone R as the foundation material is placed on the foundation net 13, and then the foundation net that has been left over. Both ends of the net 13 are wound on the crushed stone R to form winding ends, and the winding ends are connected to each other by a fastening member, a heat fusion member or the like to form a foundation 10.

(Installation of retaining wall blocks)
As shown in FIG. 3A, a plurality of retaining wall blocks 20 are arranged on the foundation 10 in a line on the left and right. At this time, the surface plates 21 of the retaining wall blocks 20 are arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right sides without any gap.

(Installation of protective materials)
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), a bottom surface portion 52 is provided by applying a front surface portion 51 of the protective material 50 across the surface of the two surface plates 21 to the back surfaces of the two surface plates 21 that are continuous on the left and right. Is placed along the bottom surface of the space 41 to arrange the protective material 50. At this time, the front portion 51 is temporarily fixed to the back surface of the surface plate 21 by sticking the edge portion of the front surface portion 51 to the back surface of the surface plate 21 with the adhesive tape 59. However, since the temporary fixing with the adhesive tape 59 is sufficiently weak, when the surface plate 21 is moved due to the occurrence of an earthquake after the retaining wall is completed, the temporary fixing is easily released. .

(Filling of crushed stone)
As shown in FIG.3 (c), the vacant space 41 between the surface board 21 and the holding board 31 and the space | gap 46 between the holding board 31 and the slope 8 are filled with the crushed stone R, and the block for retaining walls 20 is fixed to the site ground 6. At this time, the front surface portion 51 of the protective material 50 is pressed against the back surface of the surface plate 21 by the pressure from the filled crushed stone R and is bonded to the back surface by friction. In addition to this, the bottom surface portion 52 of the protective material 50 is formed by the crushed stone R disposed below and the filled crushed stone R projecting from the mesh of the bottom surface portion 52 and meshing with each other. It will be restrained between the crushed stones R. Since the front part 51 of the protective material 50 and the rear surface of the surface plate 21 are thus joined by friction in this way, an adhesive tape 59 that temporarily fixes the front part 51 to the rear surface after filling the crushed stone R is provided. Even if it peels off, there is no particular problem.

  The upper retaining wall step 9 is constructed in the same manner as above on the lower retaining wall step 9 constructed as described above, and the retaining wall step 9 is stacked obliquely upward along the slope 8 by repeating the above steps. By doing so, the retaining wall step 9 is constructed over a plurality of steps. However, the foundation 10 is not constructed in the construction process of the retaining wall stage 9 positioned above the lowermost stage, and in that process, instead of arranging the retaining wall blocks 20 on the foundation 10, The retaining wall blocks 20 are arranged on the crushed stone R filled as a part of the retaining wall step 9 located at the lower stage of the retaining wall step 9.

  After the site ground 6 constructed with the retaining wall as described above vibrates due to the occurrence of an earthquake or the like, a state when a part of the ground is displaced will be described below. First, when the earthquake occurs and the site ground 6 vibrates, the protective material 50 tries to move following the surface plate 21 by friction between the front surface portion 51 and the surface plate 21. Since the bottom surface portion 52 of the protective material 50 is constrained by the crushed stone R, the protective material 50 does not move greatly following the surface plate 21, and is therefore difficult to move relative to the crushed stone R. Is unlikely to be displaced due to distortion or rising. Therefore, after the occurrence of the earthquake, a part of the surface plate 21 moves, and a gap g may be formed between the adjacent surface plates 21 as shown in FIG. Also in that case, the crushed stone R can be prevented from flowing out by the front surface portion 51 of the protective material 50 that remains without being displaced.

  At this time, the relative position of the moved surface plate 21 and the front surface portion 50 is naturally shifted, but both of these are joined by friction between the two due to the pressing force of the crushed stone R, As long as the overlap width between the back surface of the face plate 21 and the front surface portion 51 remains, the coupling between the two is maintained by the strength corresponding to the overlap width. In Example 1, since the overlap width p in the initial state body is sufficiently large as 250 mm, even if the relative position is slightly shifted, the strength of the coupling does not become extremely small. . Therefore, the front part 51 does not endure the internal pressure of the crushed stone R, and the front part 51 is not peeled off from the back surface of the surface plate 21 and does not flow down from the gap g.

  The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, but only the protective material 70 shown in FIG. 5 is different from that of the first embodiment. That is, as in the first embodiment, the protective material 70 according to the second embodiment includes a front surface portion 71 and a front surface portion that straddle between the two surface plates 21 on the back surfaces of the two front surface plates 21 that are connected to the left and right. In addition to a bottom surface portion 72 that is bent from the lower end of 71 and extends rearward along the bottom surface of the cavity 41, a right side surface portion 73 that is bent from the right end of the front surface portion 71 and extends rearward, and a front surface portion 71 and a left side surface portion 74 that is bent from the left end and extends rearward. The lower end of the right side surface portion 73 and the right end of the bottom surface portion 72 are combined, and the lower end of the left side surface portion 74 and the left end of the bottom surface portion 72 are combined. In addition, each surface part of this protective material 70 is the net-like body which consists of the same geogrid as each surface part of the protective material 50 of Example 1. FIG.

  The dimensions of the protective material 70 are such that the front and rear lengths 71, the right and left side portions 73 and 74 are approximately equal to about 980 mm in the vertical length H2, and the left and right lengths W2 of the front portion 71 and the bottom portion 72 are the same. The length L2 before and after the bottom surface portion 72 is about 500 mm. Further, the length Ls before and after the right side surface portion 73 and the left side surface portion 74 is about 300 mm.

  According to the second embodiment, the right side surface portion 73 and the left side surface portion 74 can be sandwiched and restrained from the left and right sides by meshing the crushed stones R arranged on the left and right sides of each side surface portion. Therefore, even when the surface plate 21 moves left and right due to a shear resistance force to the left and right, the protective material 70 is difficult to follow the movement.

  The third embodiment is substantially the same as the first and second embodiments, but only the protective material 80 shown in FIG. 6 is different from the first and second embodiments. That is, as in the second embodiment, the protective material 80 according to the third embodiment includes a front surface portion 81 and a front surface portion that are disposed across the two surface plates 21 on the back surfaces of the two front surface plates 21 that are connected to the left and right. Bent from the lower end of 81 and extending rearward along the bottom surface of the cavity 41, right side 83 extending from the right end of the front part 81 and extending rearward, and bent from the left end of the front part 81 In addition to the left side surface portion 84 extending rearward, a rear surface portion 85 that is bent from the rear end of the bottom surface portion 82 and extends upward is provided. As in the second embodiment, the lower end of the right side surface portion 83 and the right end of the bottom surface portion 82 are coupled, and the lower end of the left side surface portion 84 and the left end of the bottom surface portion 82 are coupled. The rear end and the right end of the bottom surface portion 82 are combined, and the rear end of the left side surface portion 84 and the left end of the bottom surface portion 82 are combined to form an upper opening type box shape. In addition, each surface part of this protective material 80 is a net-like body made of the same geogrid as each surface part of the protective material 50 of the first embodiment.

  The dimensions of the protective material 80 are such that the vertical length H3 of the front surface portion 81, the right side surface portion 83, the left side surface portion 84, and the rear surface portion 85 is approximately equal to about 980 mm, and the front surface portion 81, the bottom surface portion 82, and the rear surface portion. The left and right lengths W3 of 85 are approximately equal to about 500 mm, and the front and rear lengths L3 of the bottom surface portion 82, the right side surface portion 83, and the left side surface portion 84 are approximately equal to about 400 mm.

  According to the third embodiment, the crushed stone R is filled inside the protective material 80 formed in an upper opening type box shape, so that the four surfaces of the bottom surface portion 82, the right side surface portion 83, the left side surface portion 84, and the rear surface portion 85. Is restrained by the meshing of the crushed stone R, whereby the shear resistance is further increased as compared with Examples 1 and 2. Further, the protective material 80 that is self-supporting by being in the box shape holds the crushed stone R.

  The fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the first to third embodiments, but only the protective material 90 shown in FIG. 7 is different from the first to third embodiments. That is, as in the first embodiment, the protective material 90 according to the fourth modification includes a front surface portion 91 that extends between the two front surface plates 21 on the back surfaces of the two front surface plates 21 that are connected to the left and right, and the front surface portion. In addition to a bottom surface portion 72 that is bent from the lower end of 91 and extends rearward along the bottom surface of the cavity 41, a rear surface portion 95 that is bent from the rear end of the bottom surface portion 92 and extends upward, and a front surface portion The front top surface portion 97 is bent from the upper end of 91 and extends rearward, and the rear top surface portion 98 is bent from the upper end of the rear surface portion 95 and extends forward, and the front top surface portion 97 and the rear top surface portion 98 overlap. These parts are connected to each other with a metal fitting 100 to form an annular shape. Therefore, when filling the crushed stone R, the crushed stone R can be filled from above by removing the connection by the metal fitting 100 and opening the top surface portion 96 composed of the front and rear sides 97 and 98. In addition, each surface part of this protective material 90 is a net-like body made of the same geogrid as each surface part of the protective material 50 of the first embodiment.

  The dimensions of the protective material 90 are such that the upper and lower lengths H4 of the front surface portion 91 and the rear surface portion 95 are approximately equal to about 990 mm, and the left and right sides of the front surface portion 91, the bottom surface portion 92, the rear surface portion 95, and the top surface portion 96 are left and right. The length W4 is approximately equal to about 990 mm, and the length L4 before and after the bottom surface portion 92 and the top surface portion 96 is approximately equal to approximately 990 mm. More specifically, the front and back length Lf of the front top surface portion 97 is about 700 mm, and the front and back length Lr of the rear top surface portion 98 is about 400 mm. The length Lo before and after the portion 99 where 97 and the rear top surface portion 98 overlap is about 110 mm.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the crushed stone R which is bound and restrained by the annular protective material 90 is strong and the surroundings are united to prevent the retaining wall from being destroyed by a direct large-scale earthquake such as subsidence of the surface plate 21 or sliding during an earthquake. To do.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Examples 1-4, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention, and can also be embodied, for example, in Example 1, in front of the protective material 50 Instead of attaching the portion 51 to the back surface of the front plate 21 with the adhesive tape 59, the front plate 51 is temporarily fixed to the back surface by providing an anchor on the front plate 21 and locking the front surface portion 51 to the anchor. You may do it. Specific examples of the anchor include the following (i) and (ii).

(I) An anchor in which the mesh of the front surface portion 51 of the protective material 50 is hooked on itself.
The specific shape of the anchor is not particularly limited, but it is a bar-like shape or an anchor 101 like that shown in FIG. Examples are ones that are bent and extended in the direction, and ones whose tip portion is spread out in the shape of an umbrella, such as the anchor 102 shown in FIG. 9B, project in the normal direction from the back surface of the surface plate. It is done. However, in these anchors, when the surface plate 21 moves due to an earthquake or the like, it is preferable that the locking of the front surface portion 51 is immediately released. This is because the effect of making it difficult for the protective material 50 to follow the surface plate 21 is not weakened.

(Ii) An anchor having a configuration in which the left and right or upper edges of the front surface portion 51 and the periphery thereof are sandwiched between itself and the back surface of the front plate 21.
The specific shape of the anchor is not particularly limited, but a rod-like or loop-like one such as the anchor 103 shown in FIG. An example is one that protrudes in the linear direction, then bends to the edge side and extends inward from the edge. With such a configuration, even when both surface plates 21 move in a direction away from each other, the front surface portion 51 is not dragged by the anchor.

It is a perspective view which shows the retaining wall of Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the retaining wall of the Example 1. FIG. (A) (b) (c) of the Example 1 is a perspective view which shows the mode at the time of constructing a retaining wall, (d) is a perspective view which shows a protective material. (A) of the Example 1 is a perspective view which shows a retaining wall, (b) is a perspective view which shows the mode of the retaining wall when the ground moves. (A) of Example 2 is a perspective view which shows the mode at the time of constructing a retaining wall, (b) is a perspective view which shows a protective material. (A) of Example 3 is a perspective view which shows the mode at the time of constructing a retaining wall, (b) is a perspective view which shows a protective material. It is a perspective view which shows the mode at the time of constructing the retaining wall of Example 4. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the protective material of the Example 4. It is a perspective view which shows the anchor as temporary fixing means. (A) of the prior art example 1 is a perspective view which shows a retaining wall, (b) is a perspective view which shows the mode of the retaining wall when the ground moves. (A) of the prior art example 2 is a perspective view which shows a retaining wall, (b) is a perspective view which shows the mode of the retaining wall when the ground moves.

Explanation of symbols

8 Slope 9 Retaining Wall 20 Retaining Wall Block 21 Surface Plate 26 Connecting Plate 31 Holding Plate 41 Space 50 Protective Material 51 Front Part 52 Bottom Part R Crushed Stone

Claims (8)

Put crushed stone (R) in front of the slope (8),
On the crushed stone (R), a surface plate (21) standing in front of the slope (8), a holding plate (31) standing up behind the surface plate, and the surface plate (21 ) And the retaining plate (26) connecting the holding plate (31), a plurality of retaining wall blocks (20) are arranged so that the surface plates (21) are adjacent to each other on the left and right,
A front surface portion (51, 71, 81, 91) that is straddled between the two surface plates on the back surface of the two front surface plates (21) that are connected to the left and right, and the front surface plate ( 21) and a bottom surface portion (52, 72, 82, 92) extending rearward along the bottom surface of the space (41) between the holding plate (31), and at least the bottom surface portion is crushed stone (R). Install protective material (50, 70, 80, 90) that is a mesh body with a mesh of a size that can project,
Filling the void (41) with crushed stone (R) ,
Even when the bottom plate (52, 72, 82, 92) is restrained by meshing the crushed stones (R) arranged above and below, the protective material (50, 70, 80, 90) Retaining wall that suppresses movement following the surface plate .   The protective material (70, 80) includes a right side surface portion (73, 83) extending rearward from the right end of the front surface portion (71, 81), and a left side surface portion (74, 84) extending rearward from the left end of the front surface portion. The right side surface portion (73, 83) and the left side surface portion (74, 84) are nets having the mesh, and the lower end of the right side surface portion (73, 83) and the bottom surface portion (72, 82). The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the right end of the left side portion (74, 84) and the left end of the bottom portion (72, 82) are joined. The protective material (80) includes a rear surface portion (85) extending upward from a rear end of the bottom surface portion (82), and the rear surface portion (85) is a net-like body including the mesh, and the right side surface portion ( 83) The rear end and the right end of the rear surface portion (85) are combined, and the rear end of the left side surface portion (84) and the left end of the rear surface portion (85) are combined to form an upper opening type box-like shape. The retaining wall according to claim 2, wherein the retaining wall is formed.   The protective material (90) includes a top surface portion (96) extending rearward from the upper end of the front surface portion (91), and a rear surface portion (95) extending upward from the rear end of the bottom surface portion (92), The top surface portion (96) and the rear surface portion (95) are mesh-like bodies having the mesh, and the rear end of the top surface portion (96) and the upper end of the rear surface portion (95) are joined to the left and right. The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall is formed in an annular shape. Laying crushed stone (R) in front of the slope (8);
On the crushed stone (R), a surface plate (21) standing in front of the slope (8), a holding plate (31) standing up behind the surface plate, and the surface plate (21 And a plurality of retaining wall blocks (20) including a connecting plate (26) connecting the holding plate (31) to each other so that the surface plates (21) are adjacent to each other on the left and right,
A front surface portion (51, 71, 81, 91) that is straddled between the two surface plates on the back surface of the two front surface plates (21) that are connected to the left and right, and the front surface plate ( 21) and a bottom surface portion (52, 72, 82, 92) extending rearward along the bottom surface of the space (41) between the holding plate (31), and at least the bottom surface portion can protrude crushed stone. Installing a protective material (50, 70, 80, 90) that is a net-like body having a mesh of a large size;
Look including the step of filling the crushed stone (R) in said cavity (41),
Even when the bottom plate (52, 72, 82, 92) is restrained by meshing the crushed stones (R) arranged above and below, the protective material (50, 70, 80, 90) A method for constructing a retaining wall that suppresses movement following the surface plate .   The protective material (70, 80) includes a right side surface portion (73, 83) extending rearward from the right end of the front surface portion (71, 81), and a left side surface portion (74, 84) extending rearward from the left end of the front surface portion. The right side surface portion (73, 83) and the left side surface portion (74, 84) are nets having the mesh, and the lower end of the right side surface portion (73, 83) and the bottom surface portion (72, 82). 6. The method for constructing a retaining wall according to claim 5, wherein a right end of the retaining wall is coupled, and a lower end of the left side surface portion (74, 84) and a left end of the bottom surface portion (72, 82) are coupled. The protective material (80) includes a rear surface portion (85) extending upward from a rear end of the bottom surface portion (82), and the rear surface portion (85) is a net-like body including the mesh, and the right side surface portion ( 83) The rear end and the right end of the rear surface portion (85) are combined, and the rear end of the left side surface portion (84) and the left end of the rear surface portion (85) are combined to form an upper opening type box-like shape. The method for constructing a retaining wall according to claim 6, wherein the retaining wall is formed.   The protective material (90) includes a top surface portion (96) extending rearward from the upper end of the front surface portion (91), and a rear surface portion (95) extending upward from the rear end of the bottom surface portion (92), The top surface portion (96) and the rear surface portion (95) are mesh-like bodies having the mesh, and the rear end of the top surface portion (96) and the upper end of the rear surface portion (95) are joined to the left and right. The method for constructing a retaining wall according to claim 5, wherein the retaining wall is formed in an annular shape.

Images