JP4570790B2 - Electrolytic solution for driving electrolytic capacitors - Google Patents

Electrolytic solution for driving electrolytic capacitors Download PDF

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JP4570790B2
JP4570790B2 JP2001008859A JP2001008859A JP4570790B2 JP 4570790 B2 JP4570790 B2 JP 4570790B2 JP 2001008859 A JP2001008859 A JP 2001008859A JP 2001008859 A JP2001008859 A JP 2001008859A JP 4570790 B2 JP4570790 B2 JP 4570790B2
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Prior art keywords
electrolytic solution
electrolytic
hydroxyquinaldine
water
amount
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JP2002217066A (en
Inventor
和人 西澤
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Nichicon Capacitor Ltd
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Nichicon Capacitor Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電解コンデンサの駆動用電解液(以下、電解液と称す)に関するものであり、特に比抵抗が低く、高温での信頼性を改善した電解液に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電解コンデンサは、高純度アルミニウム箔をエッチングして表面積を拡大し、その表面を陽極酸化した陽極箔と、この陽極箔と対向するエッチングされた陰極箔との間にセパレータを介在させて巻回した構造の素子に電解液を含浸後、ケースに収納し、封口体により封口してなるものである。このような電解コンデンサにおいては、電解液の特性が電解コンデンサの性能を決定する大きな要因となる。特に近年の電解コンデンサの小型化に伴い、エッチング倍率の高い電極箔が使用されるようになり、コンデンサのtanδが高くなっていることから、比抵抗の低い電解液が常に要求されている。従来、コストが安く、比抵抗の低い電解液としては、エチレングリコールを主溶媒としてこれに水を加え、さらに溶質としてアジピン酸、安息香酸等のアンモニウム塩を溶解したものが使用されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、市場要求に応えるには、さらに電解液の低比抵抗化を図る必要があり、そのためには溶質濃度を高くするか、水を多量に添加しなければならない。ところが、溶質濃度を高くすると溶質が析出し、また水分を多量に添加した場合、高温下において電解液中の水分が電極箔と水和反応を起こしてガスが発生し、電解コンデンサの内圧を上昇させるため105℃以上での使用は困難であった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、電解液に8−ヒドロキシキナルジンを添加することで、高温下で水と電極箔との水和反応を抑制し、低比抵抗で高温での信頼性に優れた電解液を提供するものである。すなわち、エチレングリコールと水とを混合した溶媒に、アジピン酸、安息香酸およびそれらの塩のうち少なくとも1種の溶質と、8−ヒドロキシキナルジン(化2)または少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキナルジンを添加し、該8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたは少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキナルジンの添加量が、0.01〜3.0wt%であり、水の混合量が、10.0〜50.0wt%であることを特徴とする電解コンデンサの駆動用電解液である。
【0005】
【化2】

Figure 0004570790
【0008】
アジピン酸、安息香酸の塩としては、アンモニウム塩の他、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、t−ブチルアミン等の1級アミン塩、ジメチルアミン、エチルメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン等の2級アミン塩、トリメチルアミン、ジエチルメチルアミン、エチルジメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン等の3級アミン塩、テトラメチルアンモニウム、トリエチルメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム等の4級アンモニウム塩等を例示することができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
電解液中の8−ヒドロキシキナルジンが電極箔表面に吸着するため、105℃の高温下で電解液中の水と電極箔との水和が反応抑制され、水の添加量が増加してもガス発生を抑えることができる。また溶質の増量を必要としないので、溶質の析出や耐電圧を低下させることもない。また、少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキシキナルジンも8−ヒドロキシキナルジンと同様の効果を有する。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を具体的に説明する。表1の組成で電解液を調合し、30℃における比抵抗を測定した。
【0011】
【表1】
Figure 0004570790
【0012】
表1の電解液を使用して、定格6.3V−6800μF(φ12.5×25mmL)のアルミニウム電解コンデンサを各10個作製し、静電容量、tanδ、漏れ電流の初期特性および高温負荷試験(105℃中において定格電圧を1000時間印加)後の静電容量変化率、tanδ、漏れ電流、外観を調査した結果を表2に示す。
【0013】
【表2】
Figure 0004570790
【0014】
従来例1〜2と比較例1〜3と実施例1〜15とを比較すると、8−ヒドロキシキナルジンを添加した実施例1〜13と、少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキナルジンを添加した実施例14〜15を電解液としたアルミニウム電解コンデンサは、105℃1000時間後においても安定した特性を示したが、従来例は短時間で防爆弁が作動した。
【0015】
8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたは少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキシキナルジンの添加量は、0.01〜3.0wt%の範囲が好ましい。0.01wt%未満では8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたはジヒドロキナルジンの効果が充分に得られず、3.0wt%を超えると高温負荷試験で容量変化率やtanδが悪化し問題である。
【0016】
電解液に添加する水の混合量は、10.0〜50.0wt%の範囲が好ましい。10.0wt%未満では電解液の比抵抗が低くならず、50.0wt%を超えると8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたはジヒドロキナルジンの効果が充分得られない問題がある。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
上記のように本発明の電解液は、低比抵抗化のために多量の水を混合しても、8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたは少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキナルジンを添加することによって、高温下の安定性に優れ、比抵抗が低い電解液が得られるため、低コストで電解コンデンサの特性改善並びに信頼性向上を図ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrolytic solution for driving an electrolytic capacitor (hereinafter referred to as an electrolytic solution), and particularly to an electrolytic solution having a low specific resistance and improved reliability at high temperatures.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electrolytic capacitor was wound by etching a high-purity aluminum foil to increase the surface area, and interposing a separator between the anode foil whose surface was anodized and the etched cathode foil facing the anode foil. The element having the structure is impregnated with an electrolytic solution, then housed in a case, and sealed with a sealing body. In such an electrolytic capacitor, the characteristics of the electrolytic solution are a major factor that determines the performance of the electrolytic capacitor. In particular, with the recent miniaturization of electrolytic capacitors, electrode foils with high etching magnification are used, and the tan δ of the capacitors is high, so that an electrolyte solution with a low specific resistance is always required. Conventionally, as an electrolytic solution having a low cost and a low specific resistance, an electrolytic solution in which ethylene glycol is used as a main solvent and water is added thereto, and ammonium salts such as adipic acid and benzoic acid are dissolved as solutes has been used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to meet market demands, it is necessary to further reduce the specific resistance of the electrolytic solution. To that end, it is necessary to increase the solute concentration or to add a large amount of water. However, when the solute concentration is increased, the solute precipitates, and when a large amount of water is added, the water in the electrolyte undergoes a hydration reaction with the electrode foil at high temperatures, generating gas and increasing the internal pressure of the electrolytic capacitor. Therefore, it was difficult to use at 105 ° C or higher.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention suppresses the hydration reaction between water and the electrode foil at high temperature by adding 8-hydroxyquinaldine to the electrolytic solution, and has low specific resistance and reliability at high temperature. The present invention provides an excellent electrolyte solution. That is, in a solvent in which ethylene glycol and water are mixed, at least one solute of adipic acid, benzoic acid and salts thereof, 8-hydroxyquinaldine (Chemical Formula 2) or dihydro having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position Quinaldine is added , and the amount of 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position is 0.01 to 3.0 wt%, and the amount of water mixed is 10.0 to An electrolytic solution for driving an electrolytic capacitor characterized by being 50.0 wt% .
[0005]
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0004570790
[0008]
As salts of adipic acid and benzoic acid, ammonium salts, primary amine salts such as methylamine, ethylamine and t-butylamine, secondary amine salts such as dimethylamine, ethylmethylamine and diethylamine, trimethylamine and diethylmethylamine And tertiary amine salts such as ethyldimethylamine and triethylamine, and quaternary ammonium salts such as tetramethylammonium, triethylmethylammonium and tetraethylammonium.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Since 8-hydroxyquinaldine in the electrolytic solution is adsorbed on the surface of the electrode foil, the hydration of the water in the electrolytic solution and the electrode foil is suppressed at a high temperature of 105 ° C. Even if the amount of water added increases. Gas generation can be suppressed. Further, since no increase in the amount of solute is required, solute precipitation and withstand voltage are not reduced. Further, dihydroxyquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position has the same effect as 8-hydroxyquinaldine.
[0010]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below. An electrolyte solution was prepared with the composition shown in Table 1, and the specific resistance at 30 ° C. was measured.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004570790
[0012]
Using the electrolytic solution of Table 1, 10 aluminum electrolytic capacitors rated 6.3V-6800μF (φ12.5 × 25mmL) each were prepared, and the initial characteristics of electrostatic capacity, tan δ, leakage current and high temperature load test ( Table 2 shows the results of investigating the capacitance change rate, tan δ, leakage current, and appearance after applying the rated voltage at 105 ° C. for 1000 hours.
[0013]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004570790
[0014]
When comparing Conventional Examples 1-2, Comparative Examples 1-3, and Examples 1-15, Examples 1-13, to which 8-hydroxyquinaldine was added, and dihydroquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position were added. The aluminum electrolytic capacitors using Examples 14 to 15 as the electrolytic solution showed stable characteristics even after 1000 hours at 105 ° C., but the explosion-proof valve operated in a short time in the conventional example.
[0015]
The addition amount of 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroxyquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 3.0 wt%. If it is less than 0.01 wt%, the effect of 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroquinaldine cannot be sufficiently obtained, and if it exceeds 3.0 wt%, the capacity change rate and tan δ are deteriorated in a high temperature load test.
[0016]
The amount of water added to the electrolytic solution is preferably in the range of 10.0 to 50.0 wt%. If the amount is less than 10.0 wt%, the specific resistance of the electrolytic solution is not lowered. If the amount exceeds 50.0 wt%, the effect of 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroquinaldine cannot be sufficiently obtained.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the electrolytic solution of the present invention can be obtained by adding 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position, even if a large amount of water is mixed to reduce the specific resistance. Since an electrolytic solution having excellent stability under high temperature and low specific resistance can be obtained, it is possible to improve the characteristics and reliability of the electrolytic capacitor at low cost.

Claims (1)

エチレングリコールと水とを混合した溶媒に、アジピン酸、安息香酸およびそれらの塩のうち少なくとも1種の溶質と、8−ヒドロキシキナルジン(化1)または少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキシキナルジンを添加し、該8−ヒドロキシキナルジンまたは少なくとも8位にヒドロキシ基を有するジヒドロキナルジンの添加量が、0.01〜3.0wt%であり、水の混合量が、10.0〜50.0wt%であることを特徴とする電解コンデンサの駆動用電解液。
Figure 0004570790
In a solvent in which ethylene glycol and water are mixed, at least one solute of adipic acid, benzoic acid and salts thereof, and 8-hydroxyquinaldine (Chemical Formula 1) or dihydroxyquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position The amount of 8-hydroxyquinaldine or dihydroquinaldine having a hydroxy group at least at the 8-position is 0.01 to 3.0 wt%, and the amount of water mixed is 10.0 to 50. An electrolytic solution for driving an electrolytic capacitor, characterized by being 0 wt% .
Figure 0004570790
JP2001008859A 2001-01-17 2001-01-17 Electrolytic solution for driving electrolytic capacitors Expired - Fee Related JP4570790B2 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62171905A (en) * 1986-01-22 1987-07-28 バスフ アクチェン ゲゼルシャフト Manufacture of free hydroxylamine aqueous solution
JPH02219210A (en) * 1989-02-20 1990-08-31 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Electrolyte for driving electrolyte capacitor
JP2000182896A (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-30 Nichicon Corp Electrolyte solution for driving aluminum electrolytic capacitors

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62171905A (en) * 1986-01-22 1987-07-28 バスフ アクチェン ゲゼルシャフト Manufacture of free hydroxylamine aqueous solution
JPH02219210A (en) * 1989-02-20 1990-08-31 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Electrolyte for driving electrolyte capacitor
JP2000182896A (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-30 Nichicon Corp Electrolyte solution for driving aluminum electrolytic capacitors

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