JP4568936B2 - Flame retardant resin composition, prepreg and laminate using the same - Google Patents

Flame retardant resin composition, prepreg and laminate using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4568936B2
JP4568936B2 JP2000007514A JP2000007514A JP4568936B2 JP 4568936 B2 JP4568936 B2 JP 4568936B2 JP 2000007514 A JP2000007514 A JP 2000007514A JP 2000007514 A JP2000007514 A JP 2000007514A JP 4568936 B2 JP4568936 B2 JP 4568936B2
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resin
resin composition
prepreg
epoxy resin
laminate
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JP2001200032A (en
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佳輝 浦田
晃彦 飛澤
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はハロゲン系難燃剤を使用しなくても優れた難燃性を有する樹脂組成物プリプレグ、及び積層板に関するものである。
【0002】
エポキシ樹脂等に代表される熱硬化性樹脂はその優れた特性から電気及び電子機器部品等に広く使用されており、火災に対する安全性を確保するため難燃性が付与されている場合が多い。これらの樹脂の難燃化は従来臭素化エポキシ樹脂等のハロゲン含有化合物を用いることが一般的であった。これらのハロゲン含有化合物は高度な難燃性を有するが、芳香族臭素化合物は熱分解で腐食性の臭素、臭化水素を分離するだけでなく、酸素存在下で分解した場合に毒性の高いポリブロムジベンゾフラン、及びポリジブロモベンゾオキシンを形成する可能性がある。
また、臭素を含有する老朽廃材やゴミ処理は極めて困難である。このような理由から臭素含有難燃剤に代わる難燃剤としてリン化合物や窒素化合物が検討されている。
【0003】
前述のように、リン化合物及び窒素化合物によって難燃化を実現できる。その機構は、窒素化合物がリン化合物の分解および熱縮合によるポリリン酸の生成を促進し、そのポリリン酸がエポキシ樹脂の表面に被膜を生成し、断熱効果、酸素遮断効果を生じ、その結果、燃焼を防ぐというものである。
【0004】
エポキシ樹脂は燃焼しやすい樹脂であり、燃焼しやすい部位はグリシジル基が開環した構造部位であり、燃焼しにくい部位はベンゼン環部分である。またアルキル基は燃焼しやすい構造部位である。アミン系硬化剤は一般に硬化剤当量が小さいため、アミン化合物をエポキシの硬化剤として用いたときは樹脂中のエポキシ基開環部位が多くなり燃焼しやすくなる。このためエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤としては、アミン系硬化剤よりもノボラック化合物の方が好ましい。ノボラック化合物は燃焼しにくく、また耐熱性も高いのであるが、硬化剤として用いたときには窒素源を導入することが困難である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような問題を解決すべく検討した結果なされたものである。即ち、窒素原子含有エポキシ樹脂の使用で窒素を導入し、リン原子含有化合物と併用することで窒素とリンの相互作用によりハロゲンを使用しないで難燃性を発現させ、かつノボラック硬化による優れた吸湿半田耐熱性を発現させることを目的とするもので、高度な難燃性を有する樹脂組成物、プリプレグ、及びこのプリプレグから得られた積層板又は銅張積層板を提供するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、(A)分子内にハロゲン原子を含まないエポキシ樹脂、(B)分子内にハロゲン原子を含まず、かつ窒素原子を含む2官能以上のエポキシ樹脂、(C)ノボラック樹脂からなる硬化剤、及び(D)分子内にハロゲン原子を含まないリン原子含有化合物を必須成分としてなることを特徴とする難燃性樹脂組成物であり、また、前記の難燃性樹脂組成物を基材に含浸させてなることを特徴とするプリプレグであり、さらに前記のプリプレグを1枚以上かさね合わせ加熱加圧してなることを特徴とする難燃性積層板又は銅張積層板である。
【0007】
エポキシ樹脂は燃焼しやすい樹脂であり、燃焼しやすい部位はグリシジル基が開環した構造部位であり、燃焼しにくい部位はベンゼン環部分である。またアルキル基は燃焼しやすい構造部位である。アミン系硬化剤は一般に硬化剤当量が小さいため、アミン化合物をエポキシの硬化剤として用いたときは樹脂中のエポキシ基開環部位が多くなり燃焼しやすくなる。このためエポキシ樹脂の硬化剤としては、アミン系硬化剤よりもノボラック化合物の方が好ましい。
【0008】
前述のように、エポキシ樹脂は燃焼しやすい樹脂であるが、窒素原子含有エポキシ樹脂を用いれば、ノボラック樹脂硬化系において窒素源を導入でき、耐燃性が向上する。本発明においては、窒素原子含有エポキシ樹脂を用いることで、ノボラック樹脂硬化系に窒素源を導入し耐熱性を向上させ、またリン成分を併用することで窒素とリンの相互作用によりノンハロゲンで難燃性を発現させることを技術骨子とするものである。
【0009】
本発明で用いる(A)成分としては、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、テトラキス(グリシジルオキシフェニル)エタンなどがあげられるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、また数種類を併用しても差し支えない。
【0010】
本発明で用いる(B)成分としては、例えば、N,N’−テトラグリシジル−ジアミノジフェニルメタン等のグリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂があげられるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、また数種類を併用しても差し支えない。(B)成分の配合量は、(A)成分と(B)成分の合計量100重量部に対して10〜50重量部が好ましい。10重量部より少ないと良好な難燃性が得られなくなり、50重量部より多いと吸湿半田耐熱性が低下するので、好ましくない。
【0011】
本発明で用いる(C)成分としては、フェノールノボラック樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂、フェノールアラルキル樹脂、ナフタレンアラルキル樹脂などが例示されるが、樹脂中のエポキシ基開環部位を少なくし、難燃性を向上させることを考えると、水酸基当量が大きいものが好ましく、フェノールアラルキル樹脂、ナフタレンアラルキル樹脂が好ましい。(C)成分の配合量は(A)成分と(B)成分の合計量100重量部に対し30〜150重量部が好ましい。30重量部未満もしくは150重量部を越えると耐熱性が低下するようになる。
【0012】
本発明で用いる(D)成分としては、トリメチルホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェート、トリ−2−エチルヘキシルホスフェート、トリブトキシエチルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリキシレニルホスフェート、クレジルジフェニルホスフェート、キシレニルジフェニルホスフェート、2−エチルヘキシルジフェニルホスフェート、トリス(2、6ジメチルフェニル)ホスフェート、レゾルシンジフェニルホスフェート等のリン酸エステル、ジアルキルヒドロキシメチルホスホネート等の縮合リン酸エステル、トリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド等のホスフィンオキサイド等が例示されるが、特にこれらに限定されるものではなく、また数種類を併用しても差し支えない。
エポキシ樹脂の優れた特性を損なわないためには、エポキシ樹脂と反応するものが望ましく、特に、9,10−ジヒドロ−9−オキサ−10−ホスファフェナントレン−10−オキシドが望ましい。(D)成分の配合量は、難燃性試験(UL−94)においてV−0を達成するためには、リン含有量として組成物全体の1.5重量%以上が好ましい。これ未満ではV−0を達成できないことがある。
また(D)成分配合量の上限は2.0重量%あれば十分である。
【0013】
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は、上述した分子内にハロゲン原子を含まないエポキシ樹脂、ハロゲン原子を含まず、かつ窒素原子を含む2官能以上のエポキシ樹脂で、硬化剤としてノボラック樹脂、難燃剤として分子内にハロゲン原子を含まないリン原子含有化合物を必須成分とするが、本発明の目的に反しない範囲において、その他の硬化剤、硬化促進剤、カップリング剤、その他の成分を添加することは差し支えない。硬化剤としてフェノールアラルキル樹脂もしくはナフタレンアラルキル樹脂など水酸基当量の大きいノボラック樹脂を併用すると、難燃性及び半田耐熱性が向上する。
【0014】
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は種々の形態で利用されるが、基材に含浸する際には通常溶剤が使用される。用いられる溶剤はこの組成物に対して良好な溶解性を示すことが望ましいが、悪影響を及ぼさない範囲で貧溶媒を使用しても構わない。
【0015】
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物を溶剤に溶解して得られるワニスはガラス織布、ガラス不織布紙、あるいはガラス以外を成分とする布等の基材に塗布含浸させ、80〜200℃で乾燥させることによりプリント配線板用積層板に好適なプリプレグを得ることが出来る。プリプレグは加熱加圧して積層板を製造することに用いられるが、本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物はハロゲン化合物を添加することなく高度な難燃性を有する熱硬化性樹脂組成物であり、積層板等に好適に使用されるものである。
【0016】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(大日本インキ化学工業社製エピクロンN−690)を100重量部、グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂(大日本インキ化学工業社製エピクロン430)を19重量部、フェノールアラルキル樹脂(三井化学社製ミレックスXLC−LL)を81重量部、ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂(日華化学社製BPS−N)7.5重量部、9,10−ジヒドロ−9−オキサ−10−ホスファフェナントレン−10−オキシド24重量部、及びトリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド11重量部をメチルセルソルブに溶解し、不揮発分濃度60%となるようにワニスを調整した。このとき溶剤を除く組成物全体中に対し、リン成分が1.93%、窒素成分が0.52%となった。
【0017】
このワニスを用いて、ガラスクロス(厚さ0.18mm、日東紡績(株)製)100部にワニス固形分で80部含浸させて、150℃の乾燥機炉で5分乾燥させ、樹脂含有量44.4%のプリプレグを作製した。
上記プリプレグを6枚を重ね、上下に厚さ35μmの電解銅箔を重ねて、圧力40kgf/cm2 、温度190℃で120分加熱加圧成形を行い、厚さ1.2mmの両面銅張積層板を得た。
【0018】
(実施例2、及び比較例1〜2)
表1及び表2に示した配合処方で、これ以外は全て実施例1と同様の方法で両面銅張積層板を作製した。
【0019】
得られた積層板について、以下の特性を評価した。
難燃性は、UL−94規格に従い垂直法により評価した。半田耐熱性、ピール強度についてはJIS C 6481に準じて測定した。半田耐熱性は煮沸2時間の吸湿処理を行った後、260℃の半田槽に120秒浸漬した後の外観の異常の有無を調べた。
配合処方及び評価結果を表1及び表2に示す。実施例により得られた積層板はいずれも耐燃性及び吸湿半田耐熱性に優れている。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 0004568936
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004568936
【0022】
表の注
(1)大日本インキ化学工業社製 エピクロンN−690、エポキシ当量210
(2)大日本インキ化学工業社製 エピクロン430、エポキシ当量120
(3)三井化学社製 ミレックスXLC−LL、水酸基当量175
(4)日華化学社製 BPS−N、エポキシ当量125
(5)9,10−ジヒドロ−9−オキサ−10−ホスファフェナントレン−10−オキシド
(6)トリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物はハロゲン化合物を添加することなく高度な難燃性を有し、今後要求されるノンハロゲン材料として新規な熱硬化性樹脂組成物を提供するものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a resin composition prepreg having excellent flame retardancy without using a halogen-based flame retardant, and a laminate.
[0002]
Thermosetting resins typified by epoxy resins and the like are widely used for electrical and electronic equipment parts due to their excellent characteristics, and are often provided with flame retardancy in order to ensure safety against fire. Conventionally, flame retardants of these resins have been made using halogen-containing compounds such as brominated epoxy resins. Although these halogen-containing compounds have a high degree of flame retardancy, aromatic bromine compounds not only separate corrosive bromine and hydrogen bromide by thermal decomposition, but also are highly toxic when decomposed in the presence of oxygen. May form bromodibenzofuran and polydibromobenzoxine.
In addition, it is extremely difficult to dispose of obsolete waste and waste containing bromine. For these reasons, phosphorus compounds and nitrogen compounds have been studied as flame retardants to replace bromine-containing flame retardants.
[0003]
As described above, flame retardancy can be realized by a phosphorus compound and a nitrogen compound. The mechanism is that the nitrogen compound accelerates the decomposition of the phosphorus compound and the formation of polyphosphoric acid by thermal condensation, and the polyphosphoric acid forms a film on the surface of the epoxy resin, resulting in an adiabatic effect and an oxygen blocking effect, resulting in combustion Is to prevent.
[0004]
The epoxy resin is a resin that is easily combusted, the site that is easily combusted is a structural site in which the glycidyl group is opened, and the site that is difficult to combust is the benzene ring portion. Alkyl groups are structural sites that are easily combusted. Since amine-based curing agents generally have a small curing agent equivalent, when an amine compound is used as an epoxy curing agent, the number of epoxy group ring-opening sites in the resin increases and combustion tends to occur. For this reason, as the curing agent for the epoxy resin, a novolak compound is preferable to the amine curing agent. Although novolak compounds are difficult to burn and have high heat resistance, it is difficult to introduce a nitrogen source when used as a curing agent.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made as a result of studies to solve such problems. In other words, nitrogen is introduced by using a nitrogen atom-containing epoxy resin, and when used in combination with a phosphorus atom-containing compound, flame retardancy is exhibited without using halogen due to the interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus, and excellent moisture absorption by novolak curing. An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition having a high degree of flame retardancy, a prepreg, and a laminate or a copper clad laminate obtained from the prepreg.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes (A) an epoxy resin containing no halogen atom in the molecule, (B) a bifunctional or higher functional epoxy resin containing no nitrogen atom and no nitrogen atom in the molecule, and (C) a novolak resin. And (D) a flame retardant resin composition comprising a phosphorus atom-containing compound containing no halogen atom in the molecule as an essential component, and the flame retardant resin composition as a base material. It is a prepreg characterized by being impregnated into a flame retardant laminate or a copper clad laminate, wherein one or more of the above prepregs are rolled and heated and pressed.
[0007]
The epoxy resin is a resin that is easily combusted, the site that is easily combusted is a structural site in which the glycidyl group is opened, and the site that is difficult to combust is the benzene ring portion. Alkyl groups are structural sites that are easily combusted. Since amine-based curing agents generally have a small curing agent equivalent, when an amine compound is used as an epoxy curing agent, the number of epoxy group ring-opening sites in the resin increases and combustion tends to occur. For this reason, as the curing agent for the epoxy resin, a novolak compound is preferable to the amine curing agent.
[0008]
As described above, the epoxy resin is a resin that easily burns. However, if a nitrogen atom-containing epoxy resin is used, a nitrogen source can be introduced in the novolak resin curing system, and the flame resistance is improved. In the present invention, by using a nitrogen atom-containing epoxy resin, a nitrogen source is introduced into the novolak resin curing system to improve heat resistance, and by using a phosphorus component together, non-halogen flame retardant is caused by the interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus. The main point of technology is to develop sex.
[0009]
As the component (A) used in the present invention, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol A novolac type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin, tetrakis (glycidyloxyphenyl) ethane, etc. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and several types may be used in combination.
[0010]
Examples of the component (B) used in the present invention include glycidylamine type epoxy resins such as N, N′-tetraglycidyl-diaminodiphenylmethane, but are not limited to these, and several types are used in combination. There is no problem. The blending amount of the component (B) is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the components (A) and (B). If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, good flame retardancy cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the hygroscopic solder heat resistance is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0011]
Examples of the component (C) used in the present invention include phenol novolak resins, cresol novolak resins, phenol aralkyl resins, naphthalene aralkyl resins, etc., but the epoxy ring opening sites in the resin are reduced to improve flame retardancy. In view of the above, those having a large hydroxyl equivalent are preferred, and phenol aralkyl resins and naphthalene aralkyl resins are preferred. (C) As for the compounding quantity of a component, 30-150 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of total amounts of (A) component and (B) component. If it is less than 30 parts by weight or exceeds 150 parts by weight, the heat resistance is lowered.
[0012]
The component (D) used in the present invention includes trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate. Phosphoric esters such as xylenyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, tris (2,6 dimethylphenyl) phosphate, resorcin diphenyl phosphate, condensed phosphate esters such as dialkylhydroxymethylphosphonate, phosphines such as triphenylphosphine oxide Examples include oxides, but are not particularly limited to these, and several types may be used in combination. .
In order not to impair the excellent properties of the epoxy resin, those that react with the epoxy resin are desirable, and in particular, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide is desirable. In order to achieve V-0 in the flame retardancy test (UL-94), the blending amount of component (D) is preferably 1.5% by weight or more of the total composition as the phosphorus content. Below this, V-0 may not be achieved.
Further, the upper limit of the amount of component (D) should be 2.0% by weight.
[0013]
The flame-retardant resin composition of the present invention is an epoxy resin that does not contain a halogen atom in its molecule, or a bifunctional or higher functional epoxy resin that does not contain a halogen atom and contains a nitrogen atom. A phosphorus atom-containing compound that does not contain a halogen atom in the molecule as an essential component is used as a flame retardant, but other curing agents, curing accelerators, coupling agents, and other components are added as long as they do not contradict the purpose of the present invention. There is no problem. When a novolak resin having a large hydroxyl equivalent such as phenol aralkyl resin or naphthalene aralkyl resin is used as a curing agent, flame retardancy and solder heat resistance are improved.
[0014]
Although the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention is used in various forms, a solvent is usually used when impregnating the base material. Although it is desirable that the solvent used exhibits good solubility in this composition, a poor solvent may be used as long as it does not adversely affect the composition.
[0015]
The varnish obtained by dissolving the flame-retardant resin composition of the present invention in a solvent is coated and impregnated on a substrate such as a glass woven fabric, a glass nonwoven fabric, or a cloth containing components other than glass and dried at 80 to 200 ° C. By doing so, a prepreg suitable for a laminated board for printed wiring boards can be obtained. The prepreg is used for producing a laminate by heating and pressing, but the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention is a thermosetting resin composition having high flame retardancy without adding a halogen compound, It is used suitably for a laminated board etc.
[0016]
【Example】
Example 1
100 parts by weight of cresol novolac type epoxy resin (Epicron N-690 manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals), 19 parts by weight of glycidylamine type epoxy resin (Epicron 430 made by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals), phenol aralkyl resin (Mitsui Chemicals) 81 parts by weight of Millex XLC-LL), 7.5 parts by weight of bisphenol S type epoxy resin (BPS-N manufactured by Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd.), 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10 -24 parts by weight of oxide and 11 parts by weight of triphenylphosphine oxide were dissolved in methyl cellosolve, and the varnish was adjusted to a non-volatile content concentration of 60%. At this time, the phosphorus component was 1.93% and the nitrogen component was 0.52% with respect to the entire composition excluding the solvent.
[0017]
Using this varnish, 100 parts of glass cloth (thickness 0.18 mm, manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.) is impregnated with 80 parts of varnish solids and dried in a dryer oven at 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a resin content. A 44.4% prepreg was produced.
6 sheets of the above prepreg are stacked, 35 μm thick electrolytic copper foils are stacked on the top and bottom, and heat pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 40 kgf / cm 2 and a temperature of 190 ° C. for 120 minutes. I got a plate.
[0018]
(Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-2)
A double-sided copper clad laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the formulation shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0019]
The obtained laminate was evaluated for the following characteristics.
Flame retardancy was evaluated by the vertical method according to the UL-94 standard. The solder heat resistance and peel strength were measured according to JIS C 6481. The solder heat resistance was examined for the presence or absence of abnormal appearance after immersion in a solder bath at 260 ° C. for 120 seconds after a moisture absorption treatment for 2 hours at boiling.
The formulation and evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. All the laminates obtained by the examples are excellent in flame resistance and moisture-absorbing solder heat resistance.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004568936
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004568936
[0022]
Notes to the table (1) Epiklon N-690, epoxy equivalent 210, manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.
(2) manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. Epicron 430, epoxy equivalent 120
(3) Mirex XLC-LL manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, hydroxyl equivalent 175
(4) BPS-N manufactured by Nikka Chemical Co., epoxy equivalent 125
(5) 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (6) triphenylphosphine oxide
【The invention's effect】
The flame-retardant resin composition of the present invention has high flame retardancy without adding a halogen compound, and provides a novel thermosetting resin composition as a non-halogen material that will be required in the future.

Claims (2)

(A)分子内にハロゲン原子を含まないエポキシ樹脂、(B)テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン、(C)フェノールアラルキル樹脂、及び(D)9,10−ジヒドロ−9−オキサ−10−ホスファフェナントレン−10−オキシドとトリフェニルホスフィンオキサイドを必須成分としてなる難燃性樹脂組成物を基材に含浸させてなることを特徴とするプリプレグ。 (A) epoxy resin containing no halogen atom in the molecule, (B) tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane, (C) phenol aralkyl resin, and (D ) 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10 - prepreg characterized by comprising an oxide and Do that flame-retardant resin composition as an essential component of triphenyl phosphine oxide is impregnated into the substrate. 請求項記載のプリプレグを1枚以上重ね合わせ加熱加圧してなることを特徴とする銅張積層板。One or more prepregs according to claim 1 are overlaid and heated and pressed to form a copper-clad laminate.
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JP4475034B2 (en) * 2004-06-23 2010-06-09 住友ベークライト株式会社 Resin composition, prepreg and laminate
JP2006182991A (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Resin composition for printed wiring board, resin varnish, prepreg and laminated plate using it
CN102504197B (en) * 2011-10-10 2013-08-21 北京新福润达绝缘材料有限责任公司 Halogen-free epoxy resin composition with high proof tracking index and application thereof
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JPH09165495A (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Epoxy resin composition, preparation of epoxy resin composition and semiconductor device
JPH09324108A (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-16 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Flame-retarded resin composition and laminated board made thereof
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