JP4566418B2

JP4566418B2 - Guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse, and a method for setting a sheet of a greenhouse using the same

Info

Publication number: JP4566418B2
Application number: JP2001022938A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 伸吉鈴木; 邦俊加藤
Original assignee: 伸吉鈴木; 邦俊加藤
Priority date: 2001-01-31
Filing date: 2001-01-31
Publication date: 2010-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2021-01-31
Also published as: JP2002223645A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の目的】
この発明は、農業用ビニールハウス、およびその他の倉庫、車庫といった用途にも広く利用されるビニールハウスの設営技術に関するものであって、特に、骨格体やシート張設紐等の設置を既に終えているハウス構造物に対し、効率的且つ簡単な作業によって速やかなシート装着を実現、可能とする新規な構造からなるビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具、およびそれを使用した新規なビニールハウスのシート設営方法を提供しようとするものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
我が国は、南北に細長い国土を有し、その地形も内陸や内海、島、山地、平地、盆地、傾斜地等のように複雑である上、周囲を海に囲まれ、各種の海流や、夏季に勢力を強める太平洋高気圧、および冬季にシベリアから張り出す寒気団等の影響を強く受ける等、各地で気象条件が大きく異なるという独特の気候風土を有しており、そうした厳しい自然環境を克服して安定した農業を維持するため、その土地々々に応じた様々な栽培形態が発達してきているが、太陽エネルギーを有効利用するようにした簡易施設としてのビニールハウスも、そうした目的で創出された物の一例といえる。
【０００３】
このビニールハウスは、作物を適温に保つと共に、風雨の影響から作物を守り、灌水、施肥管理、病虫害対策等、栽培期間中の作物の育成、管理に有利である上、年間を通じ、同じ作物を栽培する周年栽培を実現することができる等、露地栽培に比較して有利な点が多く、しかも簡易な施設であって経済的な負担も少なくて済み、導入し易いという特徴も手伝って、広い農地を有さず、四季を通じて大きく気候を変化させる自然環境の中で、良質な農作物を安定生産したいとする我が国の農業事情にうまく適合したことから、トンネル栽培用の小型のものをはじめ、花卉類や野菜類栽培用の中形のもの、そしてサクランボ等果樹栽培用の大型のもの等、様々な用途、サイズのものとして全国的に広く普及、利用され、施設型農業の隆盛を見るに至っている。
【０００４】
このように広く普及しているビニールハウス、特に中型、大型のビニールハウスは、一般的に，その多くが亜鉛鍍金を施した複数本の鉄製パイプを、棟方向に所定間隔を隔てるようにして配置させ、丸屋根式、片屋根式、両屋根式、または二重勾配式等のハウス骨格を形成し、その外側表面に塩化ビニル等のプラスチックシートを張設した構造となっているが、この構造において欠かせないビニールシートは、単年または数年に渡って使用している中に、風雨や日光および寒暖の差を繰り返し受け、次第に劣化して透光性が低下し、太陽光の取り込みを充分に行えなくなる上、弾力を失って強風や降雨、雹、積雪等の外力によって容易に破けてしまうという事態を招来してしまうといった不都合がある外、降雪地帯等では、農閑期となる冬期間の雪害や風害等から施設を守らなければならないという切実な問題もあることから、必要に応じてその都度ハウス骨格から取り外し、再び張設し直す作業が必ず伴うことになる。
【０００５】
ところが、このビニールハウス骨格体に対するビニールシートの張設作業は、その目的上、ビニールシートがシームレスの大幅で長尺のものでなければならず、しかもそれ程頑丈ではない骨格体の最も高いところから左右に振り分けて棟方向全体に添設状としなければならないことから、作業が極めて大掛かりな上、かなり煩雑且つ危険性を伴うものとなるため、ビニールハウスを導入して施設型農業を営む農家にとって大きな作業負担を強いられることとなっており、こうした負担を少しでも軽減しようと、これまでにも、例えば特開平７−２８９０９２号公報に開示された熊本県発明「ハウスのシート張設装置」のように、ハウスの長手方向に配設した移動案内部に沿って、シート案内部を移動可能に設け、該シート案内部にシートの先端部を係止し、屋根面に沿って自動的に移動させながらシートを張掛けできるよう構成してなるものや、特開平８−２１４７１０号公報の早川発明「ビニールハウスにおける屋根シート展張方法及び屋根シート展張用補助具」に示された、ハウス骨格の屋根上に、棟方向に移動可能な走行部を有する可動な補助具と、屋根のアーチ形状に沿って棟と略直交するシート載置架台とを備え、ジグザグ状に折り畳まれたシートを、該シート載置架台上に搭載し、走行部を棟方向に移動させながら、シートを展開状に張設してゆくようにしたもの等によって代表されるような、ビニールハウスを設営するための各種技術についての開発、提案がなされている。
【０００６】
しかしながら、このような従前からのシート張架設装置や屋根シート展張用補助具等は、その施設が比較的大型を対象としていて、設置に際して大掛かりな取付け工事と、それに伴って発生する多額の費用とを要する上、ビニールハウス設営後の撤去作業にも多くの労力を費やさざるを得ないものであり、その上、ビニールハウスに張設したシートを外側から抑え込むために、棟方向所定間隔置きであって、骨格体梁間方向全体に掛け渡されている多数本のシート張設紐が張られた状態のままでのシート張設作業の実施をすることができず、シートを張り替える際には、全てのシート張設紐を一度撤去してしまい、シートを張設した後において、再度シート張設紐を掛け渡し直す作業が必要となってしまうため、今度はハウスの屋根に多数本のシート張設紐を掛け渡す作業のために多くの時間と手間とを費やさざるを得なくなる上、その間にも荒天で強風や風雨雪等が吹き付けられるとシートがバタつき、シート張設紐を掛け渡す作業が非常に困難なものとなってしまう等、張り替え作業の負担を簡単に軽減することができるものではなかった。
【０００７】
この発明は、以上のような状況に鑑み、小人数であっても効率的且つ簡単、迅速なビニールハウスへのシート張設作業を実現することはできないものかとの判断から、逸速くその開発、研究に着手し、長期に渡る試行錯誤と幾多の試作、実験とを繰り返してきた結果、今回、遂に新規な構造のビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具、およびそれを使用した新規なビニールハウスのシート設営方法を実現化することに成功したものであり、以下では、図面に示すこの発明を代表する実施例と共に、その構成を詳述することとする。
【０００８】
【発明の構成】
図面に示すこの発明を代表する実施例からも明確に理解されるように、この発明に包含されるビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具は、基本的に次のような構成から成り立っている。
即ち、先頭部が比較的硬質且つ鋭角状に形成され、同先頭部に連続する後端側が比較的軟質であって漏斗状に拡開されてなる、全体形状を錐形状とした誘導具本体を有し、該誘導具本体内部には、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を着脱自在に保持可能とする仮止め機構を設けると共に、同誘導具本体先頭部突端には、牽引索条用の連結機構を形成してなる如く構成されたビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具である。
【０００９】
この基本的な構成からなるビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具を、表現を変えて示せば、先頭部が比較的硬質且つ鋭角状に形成され、同先頭部に連続する後端側が比較的軟質であって漏斗状に拡開されてなる、全体形状を錐形状とした誘導具本体を有し、該誘導具本体内部には、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を着脱自在に保持可能とする仮止め機構を設けると共に、同誘導具本体先頭部突端には、牽引索条用の連結機構を形成し、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を仮止め機構によって着脱自在に保持した上、既に設営されているビニールハウスの梁間方向骨格体と、同じく梁間方向に架け渡されているシート張設紐との間を通過するように牽引、操作する牽引索条により、誘導具本体を、シートの一部に被冠状としたままで前記梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間に誘導、通過するようにした構成を要旨とするビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具であるということができる。
【００１０】
そして、より具体的には、先頭部が比較的硬質且つ鋭角状に形成され、同先頭部に連続する後端側が比較的軟質であって漏斗状に拡開されてなる、全体形状を錐形状とした誘導具本体を有し、該誘導具本体内部には、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を着脱自在に保持可能とする仮止め機構を設けると共に、同誘導具本体先頭部突端には、牽引索条への連結部を先端に設けた接続索条を延伸してなる牽引索条用の連結機構を形成してなる構成を要旨とするビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具であるということができる。
【００１１】
更に具体的な構成で示せば、この発明に包含されるビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具は、先頭部が比較的硬質且つ鋭角状に形成され、同先頭部に連続する後端側が比較的軟質であって漏斗状に拡開されてなる、全体形状を錐形状とした誘導具本体を有し、該誘導具本体内部には、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を着脱自在に保持可能とする仮止め機構を設けると共に、同誘導具本体先頭部突端には、牽引索条用の連結機構を形成した上、該連結機構に牽引索条を連結する際には、同連結箇所の牽引索条側に先導用カバーを組み合わせ、被冠状とするようにしてなるものとし、漏斗状開口側から挿入したシートの一部を仮止め機構によって着脱自在に保持すると共に、誘導具本体連結機構と牽引索条との連結部分の牽引索条側から先導用カバーを被冠とした上、既に設営されているビニールハウスの梁間方向骨格体と、同じく梁間方向に架け渡されているシート張設紐との間を通過するように牽引、操作する牽引索条により、誘導具本体を、シートの一部に被冠状としたままで前記梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間に誘導、通過するように構成したことを要旨とするビニールハウスのシート張設用誘導具であるということができる。
【００１２】
誘導具本体は、その内側にビニールハウス用のシートの一部を一時的に収容挟持し、ビニールハウスの梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を摺り抜け、掛からないよう誘導、通過可能とする機能を果たすものであり、先頭部を錐形状とし、末端側を、シートの一部に被冠状に装着可能とする拡開された構造としなければならず、誘導具本体の全体形状を円錐形状、楕円錐形状、多角錐形状等の外郭形状とし、先頭部を牽引操作に耐え得る充分な強度をもつものとすべきであり、また、末端側は、該梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を通過し易いよう扁平状に形成したものとしたり、該梁間方向骨格体やシート張設紐に接すると、その圧力を受け適度に変形し、容易に摺り抜けることのできる弾性変形可能な構造のもの等とすることができ、例えば、後述の実施例にも取り上げているように、先頭部を錐形状の金属製覆部とその内側に添設状に嵌合可能な金属製中込め部とによって形成し、両者の間に別体の比較的軟質な合成樹脂製被冠部の先端側を挟着状に一体化して全体形状が略錐形状となるようにしたものの外、全体形状を合成樹脂製の錐形状ものとし、同先頭部の肉厚だけを厚めとするか、補強リブを射出一体形成するか等して変形し難い構造のものに形成したり、同先頭部に補強用の金属製芯板を埋め込んだり、あるいは表面か内面あるいは双方の面に金属製補強薄板を添設、一体化してなるようにしたもの等、少なくとも本体先頭部だけは牽引索条による牽引力を受けて破損する慮が少なく、また梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を円滑に擦り抜け可能な錐形状のものに形成されていなければならない。
【００１３】
誘導具本体先頭部は、上記したとおり、接続索条または牽引索条から受ける牽引力に耐え、誘導具本体末端側を一体に連結し、仮止め機構に一部を仮止めされたシートを、充分な強度で確実に繋ぎ止める機能を果たすものであり、外力によって不用意に末端側を離脱させてしまうような構造のものを避けなければならず、強固に一体化するか、あるいは接続索条または牽引索条の牽引力を受けて、末端側と一体化する、例えば、後述する実施例の如く、先頭部を錐形状の金属製覆部とその内側に添設状に嵌合可能な金属製中込め部とによって形成し、その間に、誘導具本体の末端側を形成する漏斗状被冠部を挟着状に一体化する構造のものとすると極めて好都合のものとすることができる。
【００１４】
したがって、この望ましい構造のものにおける金属製覆部は、先頭部の外側形状を先鋭状に形成し、後側部に金属製中込め部を一体的に連結する機能を果たし、先頭端部から接続索条または牽引索条を延伸させ、これら索条から加わる牽引力や、金属製中込め部および仮止め機構等から加わる外力に耐えるに充分な強度を有するものとしなければならず、比較的硬質なポリカーボネート等の合成樹脂またはステンレス鋼や真鍮等の各種金属から形成するのが望ましく、また、同金属製中込め部は、先端側を金属製覆部の後部側に一体化し、後部側に仮止め機構を配すると共に、金属製覆部との間に末端側の漏斗状被冠部を挟着状に取着する機能を果たすものであって、前記金属製覆部と略同等の強度を有する素材から形成すべきであり、先端中央部に、金属製覆部の後部中央に開口されたネジ穴に螺合する雄ネジを同心状に突設し、漏斗状被冠部の先端側を後側から貫通するようにして金属製覆部に螺着し、一体化させるようにした構造のものとすることができる。
【００１５】
合成樹脂製被冠部は、誘導具本体が、ビニールハウスの梁間方向骨格体およびシート張設紐といった障害物の間を移動する際に、仮止め機構に仮止めされたシートの一部をその平滑面で覆い、周囲への干渉を防止して摺り抜けを容易にすると共に、外圧によって適度に変形し、円滑な通過を可能とする機能を果たすものであり、変形させた後にも、元の形状を自ずから復元することのできる素材から形成すべきであり、例えばＰＰやＡＢＳのような比較的軟質であって表面の摩擦抵抗の少ない合成樹脂を採用するのが望ましく、先頭部と連続、一体形成した誘導具本体の、当該先頭部を除く末端側のラッパ状部分に相当する部分であったり、あるいは後述の実施例のように、先頭部とは別体のものとし、金属製覆部と金属製中込め部との間に挟着状に装着される先端部には、それら先頭部への確実な固着を可能とするフランジ形、取着孔、係合突部あるいは鈎爪形等の取着構造を付設してなるものとすると好都合のものとなる。
【００１６】
仮止め機構は、誘導具本体の内側に、ビニールハウス用シートの一部を、一時的に仮止めする機能を果たすものであって、梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を誘導、牽引する際にシートに加わる摩擦力に抗して、離脱させることなく仮固定できる程度の充分な強度、および構造をもつものとしなければならず、例えば、誘導具本体の内部に紐やロープを設け、シートの一部を縛り付ける構造や、万力状の挟着具をネジ機構によって締め付けるようにしたものや、クランプ機構によって挟着する構造、あるいは、牽引索条または接続索条の末端に挟着機構の一部が連結され、それら牽引索条または接続索条に牽引力を加えることにより、挟着機構がシートの一部を強力に噛み込み、牽引力を除くとシートを離脱することができるようにした構造のものとする外、後述する実施例にも採用しているような、誘導具本体先頭部から導入された牽引索条または接続索条の末端を誘導具本体内側適所に取着する一方、それに続く牽引索条または接続索条の中途部、もしくは中途部を紐やロープに置き換えて繋いだ部分をループ状に湾曲、反転させ、同先頭部突端から進退自在に導出してなるものとし、牽引索条または接続索条の導出方向への牽引操作によって牽引索条、または接続索条の中途部に設けたループ状部分を絞り込むことにより、誘導具本体の漏斗状開口側から収容したシートの一部を着脱自在に保持可能とするよう形成したものとすることができる。
【００１７】
連結機構は、誘導具本体の先頭部突端に、ロープやワイヤーロープ、ピアノ線等の牽引索条を着脱自在に連結可能とする機能を果たすものであり、牽引索条を比較的容易に繋着可能であって、シート牽引作業に耐える充分な強度を有する構造としなければならず、誘導具本体の先頭部と同程度か、それよりも小さなものとすべきであり、誘導具本体の先頭部突端に一体に固着された環状のものや、同先頭部突端から延伸した、短い接続索条の端部に形成された環状、あるいは開閉可能な顎を有するフック状に形成した連結部を設けたものとすることができる外、回転自在なサルカン状に形成されたものとすることができる。
【００１８】
接続索条は、誘導具本体の先頭部突端から所定寸法延伸され、その先端に牽引索条と繋着可能な連結部とを設けて連結機構を形成する機能を果たすものであり、シートの牽引作業に耐えるに充分な強度を有するものであって、ビニルハウスの梁間方向骨格体や、シート張設紐等に不用な負担を掛けない程度の索条直径に設定され、比較的軽量な紐状物、例えば、紐、ロープ、ワイヤーロープ、ピアノ線等を使用するのが望ましい。
【００１９】
なお、牽引索条は、この発明の誘導具の使用に際して付随的に必要となり、誘導具本体の先頭部突端に直接的に繋着するか、もしくは連結機構を介して連結し、牽引力を誘導具本体に伝え、牽引誘導可能とする機能を果たすものであり、梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を通過して、ハウス棟方向全長に掛け渡された上、同先端に誘導具本体を連結し、同誘導具本体を介してシートの一部を地上部において取り付けることができると共に、同末端側は、ハウス外の地上部やトラック荷台等に据え付けられた巻取機に巻き掛けて始動できるか、人や農用トラクター等でハウスから離れる棟方向への牽引を可能とするだけの長尺なながさとした強度ある紐やロープ、ワイヤーロープ、ピアノ線等、牽引作業に通常使用されている索条であれば特にその種類が限定されることはない。
【００２０】
先頭用カバーは、接続索条の連結部の外郭形状を先鋭状とするように覆い、梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間を擦り抜け状に通過する際に、前記した誘導具本体に先行することとなる接続索条の連結部が、周囲の骨格体やシート張設紐等に掛合することなく円滑に移動していくようにすることを可能にする機能を果たすものであり、該連結部を覆うに充分な大きさに設定し、外力によって不用意に変形しない程度に比較的硬質な素材、例えばポリカーボネート等の比較的硬質な合成樹脂や、ステンレス鋼、アルミニウム合金等の各種金属から形成することが可能であり、また、その全体形状は、予め錐形状に形成してなるものの外、テープ状のものを何回か巻き付けて略錐形状に形成されるようにしたものも包含しており、予め錐形状成形体としたものの場合には、後述の実施例のように、先頭端部が、太さの異なる牽引索条の挿通に対応可能となるよう、先割れ溝付き装着孔に形成したものとし、同先割れ溝の拡開程度を調節することによって各種太さ、断面形状の牽引索条でも使用可能となるように配慮したものとするのが望ましい。
【００２１】
シートは、ビニールハウスの全部もしくは一部の梁間方向骨格体と、シート張設紐との間に張設可能であって、ビニールハウス内部を覆うシート状物を形成する機能を果たすものであり、この種ビニールハウス用として従前から使用され、また今後開発、提供されるであろう各種の透明な所謂農業用ビニールシートの外、表面処理や着色を施してなる反射シートや日除けシート等といった特殊目的で採用されるシート、あるいは、寒冷紗、不織布、ネット等といったシート状のもの等、ビニールハウス骨格体に添設状にして使用可能となるあらゆるタイプのシート状素材のものが含まれる。
【００２２】
【関連する発明】
上記したビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具に関連し、この発明には、以下のとおりの構成を要旨とするビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具を使用したビニールハウスのシート設営方法を包含しており、その構成の要旨は、基本的に次のとおりのものである。
即ち、ビニールハウスの棟方向全長に渡って立設されている全ての梁間方向骨格体と、同じく全ての梁間方向に架け渡されているシート張設紐との間を通過するようにして、予め牽引索条を配設した上、その一端側に誘導具本体の連結機構を連結すると共に、当該誘導具本体の仮止め機構によってシートの一部を着脱自在に保持した後、同牽引索条他端側を、ウインチ等の巻上げ機による巻き上げ、牽引操作か、あるいは農業用機械や人力による牽引操作によって牽引し、全ての梁間方向骨格体と全てのシート張設紐との間を通過、引抜き状としてしまうことにより、それまでビニールハウス外に置かれていたシートを、一部誘導具本体によって被冠状とされたままで前記梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間に誘導、配設してしまうようにしたビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具を使用したビニールハウスのシート設営方法である。
【００２３】
また、誘導具本体の仮止め機構によってシートの一部を着脱自在に保持した後、ビニールハウスの棟方向全長に渡って立設されている全ての梁間方向骨格体と、同じく全ての梁間方向に架け渡されているシート張設紐との間を通過するようにして牽引索条を配設した上、同牽引索条他端側を、ウインチ等の巻上げ機による巻き上げ、牽引操作か、あるいは農業用機械や人力による牽引操作によって牽引し、全ての梁間方向骨格体と全てのシート張設紐との間を通過、引抜き状としてしまうことにより、それまでビニールハウス外に置かれていたシートを、一部誘導具本体によって被冠状とされたままで前記梁間方向骨格体とシート張設紐との間に誘導、配設してしまうようにした構成を要旨とする設営方法も、この発明のビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具を使用したビニールハウスのシート設営方法として包含されている。
以下では、図面に示すこの発明を代表する実施例と共に、その構造について詳述することとする。
【００２４】
【実施例１】
図１の分解されたシート設営用誘導具の斜視図、および図２のシート設営用誘導具の断面図に示される事例は、先頭部をステンレス鋼製の金属製覆部および金属製中込め部から形成し、末端側を形成する合成樹脂製被冠部を装着することによって形成した誘導具本体を有し、同誘導具本体内側適所に、中途部をループ状に湾曲させた接続索条の一端を結合し、他端を金属製覆部と金属製中込め部とを組み合わせてなる先頭部の、突端から進退自在に導出してなるものとした基本的構成からなるこの発明に包含されるビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具における代表的な一実施例を示すものである。
【００２５】
当該シート設営用誘導具は、その誘導具本体１が、外側形状を、最大直径が約１０〜１５ｃｍ程度、長さ約１５〜２０ｃｍ程度の円錐形に形成されるようにしたものであり、その先端側約５ｃｍ程度の部分は金属製覆部３とその内部に嵌合状となるようにした金属製中込め部４との組み合わせからなる先頭部２、およびその後方側に連結、一体化されることになるラッパ状の合成樹脂製被冠部５１を有している。
【００２６】
先ず、先頭部２は、その先端側内部に、該円錐形に同心状であって末端側に向けて開口する雌ネジ部３２を穿孔してなる平面状の接合用底面部３１を形成し、該雌ネジ部３２の先端側底部から先頭部突端にかけて、該円錐形に同心状配置となる索条導出孔３３を貫通した金属製覆部３と、外側形状が、該金属製覆部３の末端側開口内に装着可能な略円錐台形であり、その先端部に、平面状の接合用座面部４１を形成すると共に、該接合用座面部４１中央から、円錐形の軸心に同心状の雄ネジ部４２を突設し、同雄ネジ部４２の軸心位置に、その先端から接合用座面部４１の円錐台形内後端面にかけて貫通する索条導出孔４３を穿孔した上、円錐台形の末端側内周壁面適所に、所定肉厚の管状であって、その中心に向けて肉厚方向に貫通する複数のネジ孔と、それらに螺合する六角穴付き止めネジとを設け、接続索条６の端部を装着、固定可能とする固着用金具４４を、溶接、鑞付け、あるいはボルト結合等することによって強固に一体化した金属製中込め部４とからなるものに形成されている。
【００２７】
一方、同誘導具本体１の末端側５は、該金属製中込め部４を先端側内部に収容可能であり、且つ金属製覆部３の末端側開口に先端側を装着可能な漏斗型の円錐台形状に形成し、該金属製中込め部雄ネジ部４２を突端面の中央から突設できる貫通孔５２を穿孔する一方、その末端側開口が、ビニールシートの一部を収容可能な程度の大きさに、開口されてなる合成樹脂製被冠部５１から形成したものとなっている。
【００２８】
誘導具本体１は、同合成樹脂製被冠部５１の先端側内部に収容した金属製中込め部４の雄ネジ部４２を、合成樹脂製被冠部貫通孔５２に貫通させて先端側に露出状とした上、金属製覆部３の雌ネジ部３２に螺合させ結合すると共に、金属製覆部３と金属製中込め部４との間に、合成樹脂製被冠部５１の先端側を挟み込み、一体化することにより、全体形状を円錐形となるようにしたものであり、金属製中込め部４の固着用金具４４には、接続索条６の一端を装着し、各六角穴付き止めネジによって強固に固着されたものとし、これに続く接続索条６の中途部を、ループ状に湾曲、反転させた上、同接続索条６先端部を、金属製中込め部４索条導出孔４３と、金属製覆部３索条導出孔３３とに順次、進退自在な状態に貫通させ、先頭部２突端から導出し、該ループ状部分によって仮止め機構７を形成するものとしている。
【００２９】
また、先頭部２突端から外部に導出した接続索条６の先端には、先頭部２と同等か、それよりも小さな寸法に設定された、環状をなす連結部８１を設けることによって連結機構８を形成したものとし、該連結機構８の連結部８１には、ロープまたはワイヤー等の牽引索条９を繋着するものであって、連結部８１に連結される牽引索条９側には、連結部８１を覆う円錐形状に形成され、先端部に牽引索条９の多様な直径に対応可能とする先割れ溝付き装着孔９２を開口してなる先頭用カバー９１を被冠状としたものとなっている。
【００３０】
【作用】
以上のとおりの構成からなるこの発明のビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具は、以下のようにして、この発明に包含されるビニールハウスのシート設営方法に使用することが可能である。
図１および図２に示すように組み立てられた誘導具本体１は、その接続索条６先端に形成された連結機構８連結部８１に対し、先頭用カバー９１を装着した牽引索条９の一端を繋着し、当該連結部８１を、先頭用カバー９１によって被冠状にカバーしたものとして使用することが可能であり、該先頭用カバー９１の先割れ溝付き装着孔９２は、ロープ、ワイヤーロープ、ピアノ線等、使用する牽引索条９の太さに応じ、開口寸法を適宜拡大、あるいは縮小変形させ、不用意にズレ動いたり、外れたりしないよう装着することが可能である。
【００３１】
誘導具本体１末端側５の合成樹脂製被冠部５１漏斗状開口の内側に位置するようにした、接続索条６中途部の仮止め機構７を形成するループ状部分に、図２中に鎖線矢印で示すように、ビニールシート端部側の一部を通した上、先頭部２の先頭突端から導出された接続索条６先端側を、同図中に実線矢印で示すよう引き出すことにより、該仮止め機構７を形成するループ状部分が、図中鎖線によって示される状態に絞り込まれ、ビニールシートの一部を誘導具本体１内に引き込むと同時に、挟着状に保持するものとなる。
【００３２】
このようにしてビニールシートの一部を誘導具本体１に仮止めし、該牽引索条９の他端側を、図３のビニールハウスにシートを設営する作業状態の斜視図に示されるように、ビニールハウスの棟方向全長に渡って立設された全ての梁間方向骨格体Ｂ，Ｂ，……、および同じく全ての梁間方向に架け渡されたシート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……の間を、棟方向の一方から他方へ通過するように配した上、誘導具本体１とは反対側となるよう配置された他端側をウインチ、農業用機械あるいは人力等によって牽引操作する。
【００３３】
すると、誘導具本体１に先立って牽引索条９に牽引される先頭用カバー９１が、連結部８１を梁間方向骨格体Ｂやシート張設紐Ｈの間を摺り抜けるように案内し、更に、その後に続く誘導具本体１が、ビニールシートＳを引き摺るようにして全ての梁間方向骨格体Ｂ，Ｂ，……、および全てのシート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……の間を次々と通過し、該ビニールシートＳがハウスの棟方向全体に掛け渡されてなるようにした状態とする。
【００３４】
その後、棟方向の他方に抜け出した誘導具本体１の接続索条６を緩め、仮止め機構７（ループ状部分）を、図２中の実線で示されるように拡開させ、仮止め状となっていたビニールシートＳの一部を取り外してしまってから、一塊状にまとめられて棟方向に掛け渡されたビニールシートＳの左右側縁を、シート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……に緩く押さえられた状態のままで骨格体に沿って夫々左側または右側に引き下ろし、ハウス全体に皺や弛みを生じないよう張設状にすると共に、必要があればシート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……の張り具合を適宜調節することにより、ビニールシートＳをハウス全体の骨格体に沿わせて緊張状態にしたシートの設営が完了することになる。
【００３５】
【効果】
以上のとおり、この発明のビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具によれば、従前までのハウスへのシート張架方法では、大勢の人手を確保し、高所での危険な作業を余儀無くされるか、さもなければ、大掛かりな張架装置等をハウス屋根部に装着し、その装置を遠隔操作する等してシート張設作業を行わなければならず、多大な費用と労力とを費やさざるを得ず、施設型農業を営む農家にとって大きな負担を強いるものとなっていたのに対し、非常に小型、軽量な誘導具本体にシートの一部を仮止めし、予めハウス骨格体や張設紐の間に配するようにした牽引索条を適宜牽引操作することにより、簡便にシートを張設することができるようになることから、従前までの不都合が一挙に解消されてしまい、一人または数人といった小人数による作業を可能とし、シート張設作業の効率を格段に向上させて経費を大幅に削減し、経済的な施設型農業設営を実現化できるという秀れた効果を発揮できるものとなる。
【００３６】
また、そのシート設営用誘導具を使用したこの発明のビニールハウスのシート設営方法によれば、既に時間を掛けて骨格体梁間方向に掛け渡し、そのまま掛け渡し済みとしてあるシート張設紐に係らず、ビニールハウス用のシートを、梁間方向骨格体と、シート張設紐との間を通過するよう張設することが可能となることから、従前までの手段では不可欠となっていて、大きな作業負担となっていたシート張設紐の張り直し作業を一切不要とし、しかも、暴風雨、雪等の荒天時に際しても、張設されたシートが、直ちにシート張設紐によって抑えられた状態となるのでバタつくことがなく、天候に係らず安全、確実に作業を進めることができ、したがって突然の強風等によるシートの破損や作業性の悪化等も来す慮がなく、張設作業の効率を大幅に高めることができ、従前まで多大な費用と労力とを費やすことを覚悟しなければならなかったシート設営作業を、小人数によって迅速且つ安全で、経済的な作業に改善することを可能とすることができるという秀れた特徴が得られるものである。
【００３７】
特に、実施例に説明したビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具は、上記した特徴に加え、先頭部２を金属製の硬質なものとしたことにより、梁間方向骨格体Ｂ，Ｂ，……と、シート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……との間を通過する際に、強制的に掻き分けるようにして前進可能とする一方、末端側５を比較的軟質な合成樹脂製被冠部５１としたことから、梁間方向骨格体Ｂ，Ｂ，……と、シート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……との間を通過する際に、柔軟に変形して不要な抵抗が解消され、摺り抜けを容易なものとすることができるという利点が得られるものとなっている。
【００３８】
また、仮止め機構７を、一端が固着された上、合成樹脂製被冠部５１内に配置された接続索条６の中途部をループ状に湾曲させ、他端側を先頭部２を貫通させて進退自在に導出するようにした構造のものでは、接続索条６を牽引操作することによって自動的にループ状部分が絞り込まれ、シートの一部を簡単に挟着状に仮固定することができ、簡素な構造によって極めて実用的な効果を期待することができるものとなり、更に、接続索条６先端側の連結部８１に繋着するようにした牽引索条９に先頭用カバー９１を装着した構造のものでは、梁間方向骨格体Ｂ，Ｂ，……と、シート張設紐Ｈ，Ｈ，……との間の連結部８１の通過を極めて円滑なものとすることができる上、先頭用カバー９１に形成した先割れ溝付き装着孔９２は、牽引索条の太さに応じて開口径を自在に調節することができるものとなって、専用の牽引索条９を購入することなく、他の目的で既に所有しているロープやワイヤーロープ等の使用も可能にするものとなることから、操作性に秀れるだけではなく、経済的にも有利なものになるという極めて実用的なものとすることができる。
【００３９】
叙述の如く、この発明のビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具、およびそれを使用したビニールハウスのシート設営方法は、その新規な構成によって所期の目的を遍く達成可能とするものであり、しかも小型，軽量である上、構造が簡素で製造も容易なことから、従前からのシート展張用具等に比較して遥かに経済的なものとして提供することができる上、シート張設紐の張り替え作業も不要とし、高所での危険な作業も大幅に省略して小人数による張設作業を実施可能し、作業効率も大幅に高めるられることから、ビニールハウスのシート張り替え作業の度毎に、多大な経費と労力とを覚悟しなければならなかった施設型農業を営む農家にとっては勿論のこと、関連農機具業界等からも高い評価がなされ、広範に渡って利用、普及していくものになると予想される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図面は、この発明のビニールハウスのシート設営用誘導具、およびそれを使用したビニールハウスのシート設営方法の技術的思想を具現化した代表的な実施例を示すものである。
【図１】シート設営用誘導具の分解状態を示す斜視図である。
【図２】シート設営用誘導具の構造を示す断面図である。
【図３】シートの設営状態を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１誘導具本体
２先頭部
３金属製覆部
３１同接合用底面部
３２同雌ネジ部
３３同索条導出孔
４金属製中込め部
４１同接合用座面部
４２同雄ネジ部
４３同索条導出孔
４４同固着用金具
５末端側
５１同合成樹脂製被冠部
５２同貫通孔
６接続索条
６１同連結部
７仮止め機構（ループ状部分）
８連結機構
８１同連結部
９牽引索条
９１同先頭用カバー
９２同先割れ溝付き装着孔
Ｂ梁間方向骨格体
Ｈシート張設紐
Ｓビニールシート（シート）[0001]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a greenhouse construction technique widely used for agricultural greenhouses and other uses such as warehouses and garages, and in particular, has already finished the installation of skeletal bodies, seat tension strings, etc. A new structure for guiding the installation of a greenhouse in a new house that enables and quickly mounts a seat on an existing house structure through efficient and simple work, and a new greenhouse seat using the same It is intended to provide a setup method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Japan has a long and narrow land in the north and south, and its topography is complicated as inland, inland seas, islands, mountains, flat lands, basins, slopes, etc. It has a unique climate and climate conditions that vary greatly from place to place, such as the Pacific High that strengthens the power and the cold air masses that protrude from Siberia in winter. In order to maintain farming, various forms of cultivation have been developed depending on the land, but a plastic greenhouse that makes effective use of solar energy has also been created for this purpose. An example.
[0003]
This greenhouse keeps the crop at an appropriate temperature, protects the crop from the effects of wind and rain, and is advantageous for cultivating and managing the crop during the cultivation period, such as irrigation, fertilization management, pest control, etc. There are many advantages over open-air cultivation, such as the ability to implement year-round cultivation, and it is a simple facility that requires less economic burden and is easy to introduce. Since it does not have farmland and it is well adapted to Japan's agricultural situation in which it wants to stably produce high-quality crops in a natural environment where the climate changes greatly throughout the four seasons, it is not only small for tunnel cultivation, It is widely spread and used nationwide as a variety of uses and sizes, such as medium-sized ones for cultivating fruits and vegetables, and large ones for cultivating fruit trees such as cherries. It has come.
[0004]
In such widely used greenhouses, especially medium- and large-sized greenhouses, generally, multiple steel pipes, most of which are galvanized, are arranged at predetermined intervals in the ridge direction. It has a structure in which a house skeleton such as a round roof type, single roof type, double roof type, or double gradient type is formed, and a plastic sheet such as vinyl chloride is stretched on the outer surface. The vinyl sheet that is indispensable in Japan is used over a single year or several years, and is subject to repeated differences in wind and rain, sunlight, and temperature, and gradually deteriorates to reduce translucency and capture sunlight. In addition to inconveniences such as being unable to perform adequately and causing the situation to be easily broken by external forces such as strong winds, rain, hail, snowfall, etc. From that there is also a compelling problem that be must protect the facility from snow or wind damage, etc., in each case removed from the house skeleton, if necessary, will be accompanied always work to be re-stretched again.
[0005]
However, the vinyl sheet laying work on the greenhouse skeleton must be seamless and long for the purpose, and the left and right sides of the skeleton are not so strong. Since it must be distributed to the entire building and attached to the entire building, the work is very large, and it is quite complicated and dangerous. In order to alleviate such a burden as much as possible, the Kumamoto invention disclosed in the Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-289092, for example, “House sheet stretching device” The sheet guide unit is movably provided along the movement guide unit disposed in the longitudinal direction of the house, and the leading edge of the sheet is provided on the sheet guide unit. Which is configured so that the sheet can be stretched while the portion is locked and automatically moved along the roof surface, or the Hayakawa invention disclosed in JP-A-8-214710 “Roof sheet extending method and roof in a greenhouse” A movable auxiliary tool having a traveling part movable in the direction of the ridge on the roof of the house skeleton, as shown in "Sheet extension aid", and a seat mounting base that is substantially orthogonal to the ridge along the arch shape of the roof And a sheet that is folded in a zigzag shape is mounted on the sheet mounting base, and the sheet is stretched in a developed state while moving the traveling part in the ridge direction. Developments and proposals have been made on various techniques for setting up a greenhouse.
[0006]
However, such conventional sheet laying equipment and roof sheet extending auxiliary tools, etc., are relatively large in size, and require a large amount of installation work for installation and a large amount of costs associated therewith. In addition, a lot of work must be spent on the removal work after the greenhouse has been set up. In addition, the sheet tensioning operation cannot be performed with the multiple sheet tension strings stretched across the entire skeleton body beam direction, and when the sheet is repositioned, Since all the sheet tension strings have been removed once and the sheets have been tensioned, it becomes necessary to transfer the sheet tension strings again. A lot of time and labor must be spent for the work of laying the sheet tension string, and in the meantime, if strong winds, rain, snow, etc. are blown in rough weather, the sheet flutters, and the sheet tension string It was not possible to easily reduce the burden of the replacement work, for example, the transfer work would be very difficult.
[0007]
In view of the situation as described above, the present invention has been rapidly developed from the judgment of whether or not even a small number of people can achieve an efficient and simple, quick sheet stretching work on a greenhouse. As a result of starting research and repeating trial and error over a long period of time and numerous trial manufactures and experiments, this time, finally, a new structure of the guide for extending the sheet of the greenhouse, and a new greenhouse using it The present invention has succeeded in realizing the sheet setting method, and hereinafter, the configuration thereof will be described in detail together with an embodiment representing the present invention shown in the drawings.
[0008]
[Structure of the invention]
As can be clearly understood from the embodiments representing the present invention shown in the drawings, the guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse included in the present invention basically has the following configuration.
That is, a guide body having a cone-shaped overall shape, in which the leading portion is formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and the rear end continuous to the leading portion is relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. The guide body includes a temporary fixing mechanism that can removably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side. This is a guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse constructed so as to form a connecting mechanism.
[0009]
If the guide for extending the sheet of the greenhouse composed of this basic structure is shown with different expressions, the head part is formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and the rear end side continuous to the head part is relatively soft. In addition, it has a guide tool body that is expanded in a funnel shape and has a conical overall shape, and a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side is detachably held inside the guide tool body. In addition to providing a temporary fixing mechanism that enables it, a connecting mechanism for the tow rope is formed at the leading end of the guide tool main body, and a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side can be attached and detached by the temporary fixing mechanism. The guide tool is pulled by a tow rope that is pulled and operated so as to pass between the skeleton body in the beam direction of the already constructed greenhouse and the sheet tension string that is also stretched in the beam direction. Keep the body crowned on part of the seat. In it it can be said that the induction between Harima direction frame member and the seat Zhang 設紐 a sheet tensioning guiding device greenhouses to gist configuration to pass through.
[0010]
More specifically, the head portion is formed in a relatively hard and acute-angled shape, and the rear end side continuous to the head portion is relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. The guide tool body has a temporary fixing mechanism that can removably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side, and the leading end of the guide tool body has a leading end. Is a guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse with a structure formed by forming a coupling mechanism for a towing line formed by extending a connecting line having a coupling portion to the towing line at the tip. It can be said that there is.
[0011]
More specifically, the guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse included in the present invention has a relatively hard and sharp corner at the front, and a relatively rear end that is continuous with the head. It has a guide body that is soft and expanded in a funnel shape, and has a cone-shaped overall shape. A part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side is detachable inside the guide tool body. In addition to providing a temporary fixing mechanism that can be held, a connecting mechanism for the towing line is formed at the leading end of the guide tool main body, and when connecting the towing line to the connecting mechanism, A leading cover is combined with the tow rope side to make it a crowned shape, and a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side is detachably held by a temporary fixing mechanism and connected to the guide body. From the traction line side of the connecting part between the mechanism and the traction line A tow that takes the guide cover as a crown and pulls and operates it so that it passes between the skeleton body in the beam-to-beam direction of the already installed greenhouse and the sheet tension string that is also spanned in the beam-to-beam direction. In the greenhouse of the gist, the guide body is configured to be guided and passed between the skeleton body between the beams and the stretched string while the crown is formed in a part of the sheet by the rope. It can be said that this is a sheet tension guide.
[0012]
The guide tool body temporarily accommodates and holds a part of the greenhouse sheet inside it, and it can be guided and passed so as not to hang by sliding between the skeleton body between the beams of the greenhouse and the sheet tension string. It must have a conical shape at the top and an expanded structure that can be attached to a part of the seat like a crown, and the overall shape of the guiding device body It should have an outer shape such as a conical shape, an elliptical cone shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, etc., and the head portion should have sufficient strength to withstand the towing operation. Elasticity that is formed in a flat shape so that it can easily pass between the laces, or that can be easily slid through easily by receiving the pressure when it is in contact with the inter-beam skeletal structure or the sheet tension string It can be of a deformable structure etc. For example, as taken up in the examples described later, the head portion is formed by a conical metal cover portion and a metal insertion portion that can be fitted in the inside of the conical shape, and between them, In addition to the fact that the tip side of a separate, relatively soft synthetic resin crown is integrated into a sandwiched shape so that the overall shape is substantially a cone shape, the overall shape is a cone shape made of synthetic resin. , It can be formed in a structure that is difficult to deform, such as by thickening only the thickness of the head part or by integrally forming a reinforcing rib, or embedding a reinforcing metal core plate in the head part In addition, at least the top of the main body is less likely to be damaged by the pulling force of the pulling rope, such as a metal reinforcement thin plate attached to the surface, the inner surface, or both surfaces, and integrated. Conical shape that can be smoothly rubbed between the directional skeleton and the sheet tension string It must be formed to those of.
[0013]
As described above, the leading end of the guide tool body withstands the traction force received from the connecting cable or tow cable, connects the guide tool body end side together, and a part of the seat temporarily fixed to the temporary fixing mechanism is sufficient. It has a function to securely connect with a strong strength, and must avoid a structure that causes the end side to be inadvertently detached by an external force. Receiving the traction force of the tow rope, it is integrated with the end side, for example, as shown in the examples described later, the top part is made of a conical metal cover part and a metal inside that can be fitted to the inside. A funnel-shaped crowned portion that forms the distal end side of the guiding device body in between is formed so as to be very convenient.
[0014]
Therefore, the metal cover in this desirable structure has the function of integrally connecting the metal insert part to the rear side part by forming the outer shape of the front part sharply and connecting from the front end part. The cable or tow cable must be stretched and have sufficient strength to withstand the traction force applied from these cables and the external force applied from the metal insertion part and temporary fixing mechanism, etc. It is desirable to be formed from synthetic resin such as polycarbonate or various metals such as stainless steel and brass. The metal insert part is integrated with the rear side of the metal cover and temporarily fixed to the rear side. A mechanism is arranged, and the funnel-shaped crowned portion on the terminal side is attached to the metal cover portion in a sandwiched manner, and has substantially the same strength as the metal cover portion. Should be formed from material, tip At the center, a male screw that is screwed into a screw hole opened in the center of the rear of the metal cover is projected concentrically, and the tip of the funnel-shaped crown is penetrated from the rear side. The structure may be such that the cover is screwed and integrated.
[0015]
The synthetic resin crown part is a part of the sheet temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing mechanism when the guide body moves between obstacles such as the skeleton body between the beams of the greenhouse and the sheet tension string. Covers with a smooth surface, prevents interference to the surroundings and facilitates slipping through, and is moderately deformed by external pressure to perform a function that allows smooth passage. It should be made of a material whose shape can be naturally restored. For example, it is desirable to use a synthetic resin such as PP or ABS that is relatively soft and has a low surface frictional resistance. It is a portion corresponding to the trumpet-shaped portion on the end side excluding the head portion of the formed guiding tool body, or as a separate body from the head portion as in the examples described later, and a metal cover portion. Between metal inserts The front end portion to be attached in a wearing shape is provided with an attachment structure such as a flange shape, an attachment hole, an engaging projection or a claw shape that enables reliable fixing to the leading end portion. Then it becomes convenient.
[0016]
The temporary fixing mechanism serves to temporarily fix a part of the sheet for the greenhouse inside the guide body, and guides between the skeleton body between the beam and the sheet tension string, It must have sufficient strength and structure to be able to be temporarily fixed without detaching it against the frictional force applied to the seat when towing, for example, a string or rope inside the guide body Provided, and a structure that binds a part of the seat, a structure that clamps a vise-like clamping tool by a screw mechanism, a structure that is clamped by a clamping mechanism, or is clamped at the end of a towing cable or a connecting cable. A part of the attachment mechanism is connected, and by applying a traction force to the towing line or connecting line, the clamping mechanism can strongly bite a part of the sheet, and when the traction force is removed, the sheet can be detached. Made In addition to the built-in thing, as also adopted in the examples described later, while attaching the end of the towing line or connecting line introduced from the leading part of the guiding tool body to the appropriate position inside the guiding tool body, The middle part of the towing line or connecting line that follows it, or the part connected by replacing the middle part with a string or rope is bent and reversed in a loop shape, and it is derived from the head part tip so that it can freely advance and retract, By narrowing down the loop-shaped part provided in the middle part of the towline or connecting line by pulling the towline or connecting line in the lead-out direction, the sheet accommodated from the funnel-shaped opening side of the guidance tool body A part can be formed so as to be detachably held.
[0017]
The coupling mechanism performs the function of allowing the rope, wire rope, piano wire, etc. to be detachably connected to the leading end of the guide tool body, and the towing line can be attached relatively easily. The structure must be strong enough to withstand the towing operation of the seat and should be similar to or smaller than the top of the guide body. Provided with a ring that is integrally fixed to the tip, a ring formed at the end of a short connecting line extending from the tip of the head, or a hook-like connecting part that has an openable / closable jaw In addition to being able to be made, it can be formed into a freely rotatable sarkan shape.
[0018]
The connecting line extends a predetermined dimension from the leading end of the guide tool body, and has a connecting part that can be connected to the towing line at the tip thereof to perform a function of forming a connecting mechanism. It is strong enough to withstand work, and is set to a cord diameter that does not place an unnecessary burden on the skeleton body between the beams of the vinyl house or the sheet tension string, and is a relatively lightweight string It is desirable to use things such as strings, ropes, wire ropes, piano wires and the like.
[0019]
The tow rope is incidentally necessary when using the guide device of the present invention, and is directly connected to the leading end of the guide device main body or connected through a connecting mechanism, and the traction force is guided to the guide device. It is transmitted to the main body and functions to be towed and guided. It passes between the skeleton body between the beams and the sheet tension string, and is stretched over the entire length of the house building, and then the guide body at the tip. And a part of the seat can be attached to the ground part via the guide body, and the end side is wound around a winder installed on the ground part or truck bed outside the house. It is usually used for towing work, such as a string, rope, wire rope, piano wire, etc. that can be started or strong enough to allow towing in the direction of the building away from the house by a person or an agricultural tractor, etc. If you have a rope The type will not be limited to.
[0020]
The leading cover covers the outer shape of the connecting portion of the connecting rope so as to be sharp, and when passing through between the skeleton body between the beams and the sheet tension string, the above-described guide body The connecting portion of the connecting rope that precedes the function fulfills a function that allows it to move smoothly without engaging with the surrounding skeleton body, sheet tension string, etc. Set to a size large enough to cover the connecting part, and a relatively hard material that does not inadvertently deform due to external force, for example, a relatively hard synthetic resin such as polycarbonate, or various metals such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy In addition to the shape formed in advance in the shape of a cone, the overall shape also includes a shape that is formed in a substantially cone shape by winding a tape-like object several times. The cone shape is formed in advance. In the case of the body, as in the examples described later, the leading end is assumed to be formed in the mounting hole with a cracked groove so as to be able to accommodate the insertion of a tow rope having a different thickness. It is desirable to take into consideration that the tow rope having various thicknesses and cross-sectional shapes can be used by adjusting the degree of expansion of the cracked groove.
[0021]
The sheet can be stretched between the whole or part of the greenhouse between the beam skeleton and the sheet stretch string, and serves to form a sheet covering the interior of the greenhouse. Special purpose such as reflective sheets and sunscreen sheets that have been surface-treated and colored in addition to various transparent so-called agricultural vinyl sheets that will be used and developed and provided in the future for this kind of greenhouse. Or any sheet-type material that can be used by being attached to a greenhouse skeleton, such as a sheet-like material such as a cold chill, a nonwoven fabric, or a net.
[0022]
[Related invention]
In relation to the above-described guide for setting up a sheet of a greenhouse, this invention includes a method for setting up a sheet of a greenhouse using the guide for setting up a sheet of a greenhouse having the following configuration. The gist of the configuration is basically as follows.
That is, pass between all the beam skeletons standing over the entire length of the greenhouse in the ridge direction, and all the sheet stretched cords spanned in the same direction between the beams. After the tow rope is disposed, the guide mechanism connecting mechanism is connected to one end thereof, and a part of the seat is detachably held by the temporary fixing mechanism of the guide tool body. Pull the end side by hoisting with a hoist such as a winch, towing operation, or towing operation with agricultural machinery or manpower, and pass between all the beam skeletons and all the seat tension strings, with a pulling shape As a result, the sheet that had been placed outside the greenhouse was guided and arranged between the inter-beam skeleton and the sheet tension string while being partially crowned by the guide body. Like And a sheet construction method greenhouses using sheet construction for the induction tool of greenhouses.
[0023]
In addition, after holding a part of the seat detachably by the temporary fixing mechanism of the guide body, all the inter-beam skeletons standing over the entire length of the greenhouse's ridge direction, and also in all the inter-beam directions The traction line is arranged so as to pass between the stretched sheet stretched strings, and the other end side of the traction line is wound by a hoist such as a winch, traction operation, or agriculture. Towed by a towing operation by a machine or manpower, passed between all beam skeletons and all sheet tension strings, and pulled out, so that the sheet that was placed outside the greenhouse until then, A setting method having a gist of a configuration in which the guide frame is guided and disposed between the skeleton body between the beams and the sheet tension string while being partially crowned by the guide body is also provided in the greenhouse of the present invention. The It is included the door construction for guiding device as a sheet construction method greenhouses used.
In the following, the structure will be described in detail together with an embodiment representative of the present invention shown in the drawings.
[0024]
[Example 1]
The example shown in the perspective view of the disassembled guide for setting up the seat in FIG. 1 and the cross-sectional view of the guide for setting up the seat in FIG. Of the connecting wire having a guide device body formed by attaching a synthetic resin crown portion forming the end side, and having a midway portion curved in a loop shape at an appropriate position inside the guide device body It is included in this invention which consists of a basic structure in which one end is coupled and the other end is derived from a leading end formed by combining a metal cover and a metal insertion portion so as to be freely advanced and retracted from the tip. The typical example in the guidance tool for sheet | seat setting of a greenhouse is shown.
[0025]
The guide for setting up the seat is such that the guide tool body 1 is formed in a conical shape having an outer shape with a maximum diameter of about 10 to 15 cm and a length of about 15 to 20 cm. The front end portion of about 5 cm is connected and integrated with the top portion 2 which is a combination of the metal cover portion 3 and the metal insertion portion 4 fitted inside, and the rear side thereof. It has a trumpet-shaped synthetic resin crown 51 that will be.
[0026]
First, the leading portion 2 forms a planar joining bottom surface portion 31 formed by drilling a female screw portion 32 that is concentric with the conical shape and opens toward the distal end side inside the leading end portion, A metal cover 3 that penetrates the conical concentric arrangement of the cable lead-out holes 33 from the bottom on the front end side of the female screw portion 32 to the leading end protrusion, and an outer shape of the metal cover 3 A substantially frustoconical shape that can be mounted in the distal opening, and a flat joining seat surface portion 41 is formed at the tip thereof, and concentric with the conical axis from the center of the joining seat surface portion 41. A male threaded portion 42 is protruded, and at the axial center position of the male threaded portion 42, a cable lead-out hole 43 penetrating from the tip of the male threaded portion 42 to the rear end surface of the frustoconical shape of the joining seating surface portion 41 is drilled. At the appropriate position on the inner peripheral wall of the end side, it is a tube with a predetermined thickness and penetrates in the thickness direction toward its center. Screw holes and hexagon socket set screws that are screwed to them, and the fixing metal fitting 44 that can be attached and fixed to the end of the connecting cable 6 is welded, brazed, or bolted. It is formed to be composed of the metal insert portion 4 which is firmly integrated by.
[0027]
On the other hand, the distal end side 5 of the guiding tool body 1 is a funnel type that can accommodate the metal insert portion 4 inside the distal end side and can be attached to the distal end opening of the metal cover portion 3. The through hole 52 is formed in a truncated cone shape, and the metal internal threaded portion male screw portion 42 can project from the center of the projecting end surface, while the end opening thereof can accommodate a part of the vinyl sheet. It is formed from a synthetic resin-made crown portion 51 that is opened to a size of.
[0028]
The guide tool main body 1 has a male screw portion 42 of the metal insert portion 4 housed inside the distal end side of the synthetic resin crowned portion 51 passing through the synthetic resin crowned portion through hole 52 on the distal end side. In addition to being exposed, it is screwed into and coupled to the female screw portion 32 of the metal cover portion 3, and the tip of the synthetic resin crown portion 51 is interposed between the metal cover portion 3 and the metal insertion portion 4. By sandwiching and integrating the sides, the overall shape becomes a conical shape. One end of the connecting cable 6 is attached to the fixing metal fitting 44 of the metal insert part 4, and each hexagon It is assumed that it is firmly fixed by a set screw with a hole, and the middle part of the connecting line 6 that follows this is bent and inverted in a loop shape, and the tip part of the connecting line 6 is inserted into the metal insertion part 4 The wire lead-out hole 43 and the metal cover 3 wire lead-out hole 33 are sequentially penetrated in such a manner that they can freely advance and retreat, and the leading end 2 protruding end Derived, it is assumed to form a temporary fastening mechanism 7 by the looped portion.
[0029]
Further, the connecting mechanism 8 is provided by providing an annular connecting portion 81 having a dimension equal to or smaller than that of the leading portion 2 at the tip of the connecting wire 6 led out from the leading end of the leading portion 2 to the outside. The connecting portion 81 of the connecting mechanism 8 is connected to a tow rope 9 such as a rope or a wire, and on the side of the tow rope 9 connected to the connecting portion 81, A cover 91 for the head, which is formed in a conical shape covering the connecting portion 81 and has an opening 92 with a cracked groove that can accommodate various diameters of the tow rope 9 at the tip, is crowned. It has become.
[0030]
[Action]
The guide for setting up a sheet for a greenhouse according to the present invention having the above-described configuration can be used in the method for setting a sheet of a greenhouse included in the present invention as follows.
1 and FIG. 2, the guide main body 1 assembled as shown in FIG. 1 has one end of the tow rope 9 in which the head cover 91 is attached to the connecting mechanism 8 connecting portion 81 formed at the tip of the connecting rope 6. , And the connecting portion 81 can be used as being covered with a crown 91 by a head cover 91, and the mounting hole 92 with a cracked groove in the head cover 91 is a rope or wire rope. Depending on the thickness of the tow rope 9 to be used, such as a piano wire, it is possible to appropriately enlarge or reduce the size of the opening so that it can be mounted so that it does not inadvertently move or come off.
[0031]
In the loop-shaped part forming the temporary fixing mechanism 7 in the middle portion of the connecting rope 6, which is located inside the funnel-shaped opening 51 made of synthetic resin on the distal end side 5 of the guiding tool body, in FIG. As shown by a chain line arrow, by passing through a part on the vinyl sheet end side and pulling out the leading end side of the connecting cable 6 derived from the leading end of the leading part 2 as shown by a solid line arrow in the figure The loop-shaped portion forming the temporary fixing mechanism 7 is narrowed down to a state indicated by a chain line in the drawing, and a part of the vinyl sheet is drawn into the guide body 1 and is held in a sandwiched state at the same time. .
[0032]
In this way, as shown in the perspective view of the working state in which a part of the vinyl sheet is temporarily fixed to the guide body 1 and the other end side of the tow rope 9 is installed in the greenhouse of FIG. , Between all beam skeletons B, B, ... erected over the entire length of the greenhouse in the ridge direction, and between the sheet tension strings H, H, ...... Are arranged so as to pass from one side to the other side in the ridge direction, and the other end side arranged to be opposite to the guide body 1 is pulled by a winch, an agricultural machine, human power, or the like.
[0033]
Then, the head cover 91 to be pulled by the tow rope 9 prior to the guide main body 1 guides the connecting portion 81 so as to slide between the beam-side skeleton body B and the sheet tension string H, Subsequent guide body 1 passes through all the inter-beam skeletons B, B,..., And all the sheet tension strings H, H,. The vinyl sheet S is stretched over the entire ridge direction of the house.
[0034]
Thereafter, the connecting wire 6 of the guide main body 1 that has come out to the other side in the ridge direction is loosened, and the temporary fixing mechanism 7 (loop-shaped part) is expanded as shown by the solid line in FIG. After removing a part of the vinyl sheet S, the left and right side edges of the vinyl sheet S gathered together and stretched in the direction of the ridge are loosened to the sheet tension strings H, H,. Pull down to the left or right side along the skeleton while holding it down, so that the entire house is stretched to prevent wrinkles and slack, and if necessary, the seat tension strings H, H, ... By appropriately adjusting the tension of the sheet, the setting of the sheet in which the vinyl sheet S is put in tension along the skeleton of the entire house is completed.
[0035]
【effect】
As described above, according to the guide for setting up the seat of the greenhouse according to the present invention, in the conventional method of stretching the seat on the house, is it necessary to secure a large number of people and perform dangerous work at high places? Otherwise, a large stretcher or the like must be mounted on the roof of the house, and the seat must be stretched by operating the device remotely, which requires a great deal of cost and labor. However, it was a heavy burden for farmers who engaged in institutional farming, but temporarily attached a part of the seat to the very small and light guide body, By appropriately pulling the tow rope arranged in between, it becomes possible to easily stretch the seat, so the conventional inconveniences are solved at once, one person or several people Depending on the small number of people Work it possible to, to significantly reduce the costs and significantly improve the efficiency of sheet work of laying, and those that can exert a Xiu the effect of realizing the economic facility agriculture construction.
[0036]
In addition, according to the sheet setting method of the greenhouse of the present invention using the guide for setting up the sheet, it is already taken over in the direction between the skeleton body beams, regardless of the sheet tension string that has been passed as it is. Since it is possible to stretch the sheet for the greenhouse so that it passes between the frame structure between the beams and the sheet tension string, it is indispensable with the conventional means, and it is a heavy work load This eliminates the need to re-tension the existing sheet tension string, and in the event of stormy weather, snow, or other stormy weather, the tensioned sheet is immediately suppressed by the sheet tension string. The work can be carried out safely and reliably regardless of the weather, so there is no risk of damage to the seat or deterioration of workability due to sudden strong winds, etc. It is possible to improve the seat setting work, which had previously been prepared to spend a great deal of money and labor, to a quick, safe and economical work by a small number of people. The excellent feature of being able to do is obtained.
[0037]
In particular, the guide for setting up the seat of the greenhouse described in the embodiment, in addition to the above-described features, by making the top portion 2 a hard metal, inter-beam direction skeleton bodies B, B,. When passing between the sheet tension strings H, H,..., It is possible to move forward by forcibly scraping, while the distal side 5 is made a relatively soft synthetic resin crown 51. Therefore, when passing between the inter-beam direction skeleton bodies B, B, ... and the sheet stretched strings H, H, ..., unnecessary deformation is eliminated, and unnecessary resistance is easily eliminated. The advantage that it can be made is obtained.
[0038]
Further, the temporary fixing mechanism 7 is fixed at one end, the middle portion of the connecting rope 6 arranged in the synthetic resin crown portion 51 is bent in a loop shape, and the other end side is penetrated through the head portion 2. In the case of a structure that is led out so as to be able to advance and retreat, the loop portion is automatically narrowed down by pulling the connecting rope 6, and a part of the sheet can be temporarily fixed in a sandwiched manner. It is possible to expect a very practical effect with a simple structure, and furthermore, a leading cover 91 is attached to the pulling rope 9 that is connected to the connecting portion 81 on the distal end side of the connecting rope 6. In the mounted structure, it is possible to make the passage of the connecting portion 81 between the inter-beam skeletons B, B,... And the sheet tension strings H, H,. A mounting hole 92 with a front groove formed in the cover 91 for the head The opening diameter can be adjusted freely according to the height, and it is possible to use ropes and wire ropes already owned for other purposes without purchasing a special tow rope 9. Therefore, it is possible not only to be excellent in operability but also to be extremely practical that it is economically advantageous.
[0039]
As described above, the guide for setting up the seat of the greenhouse of the present invention, and the method of setting up the seat of the greenhouse using the same make it possible to achieve the intended purpose uniformly by its new configuration, and it is compact. Because of its light weight, simple structure, and easy manufacture, it can be provided as a much more economical product compared to conventional sheet-stretching tools, and it can also be used to replace the sheet-stretching string. Since it is unnecessary, it is possible to carry out tensioning work by a small number of people while omitting dangerous work at high places, and the work efficiency is greatly improved. Not only for farmers who operate facility-type agriculture that had to prepare for expenses and labor, but also highly appreciated by the related agricultural equipment industry, etc., and will be widely used and spread. It is expected to be in.
[Brief description of the drawings]
The drawings show a typical embodiment that embodies the technical idea of the guide for setting up the seat of a greenhouse of the present invention and the method of setting up the seat of the greenhouse using the same.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of a sheet setting guide tool.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a sheet setting guide tool.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an installed state of a seat.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Guide body
2 head
3 Metal cover
31 Bottom surface for bonding
32 Female thread
33 Rope lead out hole
4 Metal inserts
41 Same seating surface
42 Male thread
43 Line derivation hole
44 Fixing bracket
5 Terminal side
51 Synthetic resin crown
52 Same through hole
6 Connection cable
61 Same connection part
7 Temporary fixing mechanism (loop-shaped part)
8 Linking mechanism
81 Same connection part
9 Tow cord
91 Same top cover
92 Mounting hole with cracked groove
B Inter-beam direction skeleton
H sheet tension string
S Vinyl sheet (sheet)

Claims

It has a guide body with a conical shape as a whole, with a leading portion formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and a rear end continuous with the leading portion being relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. In addition, the guide body is provided with a temporary fixing mechanism that can detachably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side. A guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse, characterized by forming a coupling mechanism.

It has a guide body with a conical shape as a whole, with a leading portion formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and a rear end continuous with the leading portion being relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. In addition, the guide body is provided with a temporary fixing mechanism that can detachably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side. A connecting mechanism is formed, and a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side is detachably held by a temporary fixing mechanism, and is also bridged in the beam-to-beam direction frame of the already installed greenhouse in the beam-to-beam direction. With the tow rope that is pulled and operated so as to pass between the seat tension string, the inter-beam skeletal body and the sheet tension string while the guide body is kept crowned on a part of the sheet It is characterized by guiding and passing between Sheet tensioning induction tool of the vinyl house.

It has a guide body with a conical shape as a whole, with a leading portion formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and a rear end continuous with the leading portion being relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. In addition, the guide body is provided with a temporary fixing mechanism that can detachably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side. A guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse, wherein a connecting mechanism for a towing line formed by extending a connecting line provided with a connecting part at the tip is formed.

It has a guide body with a conical shape as a whole, with a leading portion formed in a relatively hard and acute angle shape, and a rear end continuous with the leading portion being relatively soft and expanded in a funnel shape. In addition, the guide body is provided with a temporary fixing mechanism that can detachably hold a part of the sheet inserted from the funnel-shaped opening side. In addition to forming a connecting mechanism, when connecting a towline to the connecting mechanism, a leading cover is combined with the towline side of the connecting portion to form a crowned shape, and a funnel-shaped opening A part of the sheet inserted from the side is detachably held by a temporary fixing mechanism, and the leading cover is already crowned from the traction line side of the connection part between the guide body connecting mechanism and the traction line. Same as the skeleton body between beams of the constructed greenhouse The inter-beam directional skeleton body with the guiding device main body kept in a crowned shape on a part of the sheet by a tow rope that is pulled and operated so as to pass between the sheet-stretching strings stretched in the inter-beam direction. A guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse, which is guided and passed between the cable and the sheet extending string.

The leading cover has a conical shape as a whole, and its leading end is formed in a mounting hole with a leading crack that allows insertion of tow ropes having different thicknesses. The guide for extending the sheet of the described greenhouse.

The guide body is formed with a cone-shaped metal cover part and a metal insertion part that can be fitted in the inside of the guide tool body, and expands in a funnel shape from the head part to the end side. The relatively soft synthetic resin crown portion that is opened is integrated with the acute-angled portion in a sandwiched manner between the metal cover portion and the metal insertion portion described above. The guide for extending a sheet of a greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the overall shape is formed in a conical shape.

The temporary fixing mechanism attaches the end of the towing line or connecting line introduced from the leading part of the guiding tool body to an appropriate position inside the guiding tool body, while looping the middle part of the following towing line or connecting line. In the middle of the traction line or connecting line, the traction line or connecting line is pulled out in the direction of derivation. The greenhouse sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a part of the sheet accommodated from the funnel-shaped opening side is detachably held by narrowing the loop-shaped part. Induction tool for tensioning.

Tow rope in advance so that it passes between all beam-to-beam skeletons erected over the entire length of the greenhouse's ridge direction and all sheet-strung cords spanned in the same direction between the beams. After the strip is disposed, the guide mechanism connecting mechanism is connected to one end side of the guide strip, and a part of the sheet is detachably held by the temporary fixing mechanism of the guide tool body, and then the other end side of the pull cord Is pulled by a hoisting machine such as a winch, a towing operation, or a towing operation by an agricultural machine or human power, and passes between all the beam skeletons and all the sheet lacing cords, resulting in a drawn shape. As a result, the sheet that has been placed outside the greenhouse is guided and disposed between the inter-beam skeleton and the sheet tension string while being partially covered by the guide body. Fried Sheet construction method of greenhouses using sheet tensioning guiding device of claims 1 to 7 greenhouses according to any one characterized.

After a part of the seat is detachably held by the temporary fixing mechanism of the guide body, it is bridged in all beam-to-beam skeleton bodies that are erected over the entire length of the greenhouse in the ridge direction and in the same direction between all beams. The tow rope is disposed so as to pass between the stretched string, and the other end of the tow line is wound up by a hoist such as a winch, towing operation, or an agricultural machine Tow by manpower pulling operation, pass between all beam-to-beam skeletons and all sheet tension strings, and pull out, so some of the sheets that have been placed outside the greenhouse until then The greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is guided and arranged between the inter-beam skeleton and the sheet tension string while being crowned by the guide body. The Sheet construction method of greenhouses using the door tensioning guiding device.