JP4565094B2 - How to store and distribute cut flower buttons - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for storing and distributing cut flower buttons for delivering to a consumer in a state where the cut flowers of peonies and buttons belonging to the button family can be viewed after harvest.

High temperature cut flower buttons (Paeonia saturuticosa) have a short period from the beginning of flowering to declining, and because of poor landing, the producers pre-treat with a freshness-keeping agent to improve shelf life, and then use a wet vertical box system It is shipped by.
As another storage / distribution technique, a bag made of a resin film containing an antibacterial agent is filled with vegetables and cut flowers, and the bag volume is reduced by 50% or more by deaeration (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition to packaging fresh agricultural products on trays and vacuum skin packaging so that the shape of the agricultural products follows the coated film (see, for example, Patent Document 2), coconut is contained in a bag in which polyethylene film is laminated on microcraft paper. Is stored and distributed at a low temperature of 5 to 15 ° C. (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent No. 2730497 JP-A-3-183437 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-71671

However, it is known that the cut flower buttons (Paeonia suffrutilosa) at a high temperature have a short period from the beginning of flowering to deciduous flowering and poor landing. For this reason, producers are shipping in a wet vertical box method after pretreatment with a freshness-preserving agent to improve shelf life, but since moisture is always supplied to the cut flowers, flowering proceeds in the box, and the viewing period There was a problem that became shorter.
In addition, the packaging method such as vacuum skin packaging causes damage to petals, branches and leaves of cut flowers, and when stored under a temperature condition of 5 to 15 ° C, the flowering rate after taking out the cut flower button is also poor, and it is completely flowering. There was a problem such as the petal falling before doing.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for storing and distributing cut flower buttons for delivering cut flower buttons to consumers in an appreciable state.

The method for preserving and distributing cut flower buttons of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is firstly a method of packaging a button or peonies cut flowers and storing and distributing them at low temperatures and in the dark. The cut flowers before full bloom are picked up, the cut flowers after the landing are stored in a resin film bag and sealed, and the cut flower surface and the resin film bag are in close contact with each other. The inside of the bag is deaerated to such an extent that the posture is pressed and fixed.

  Secondly, it is characterized by a flowering degree of the cut flower button before full bloom, which has reached the breakage period, of 50% or less.

  3rdly, it is characterized by immersing the cut end of the cut flower button which the said landing process harvested in the solution which mixed water or water, and the freshness maintenance agent.

  Fourth, the storage temperature is -1 ° C to less than 5 ° C.

  Fifth, the storage temperature is 1 ° C to 3 ° C.

  Sixth, after degassing about half of the air in the bag made of resin film, the degassing operation is once stopped, and the shape is formed by pressing lightly so that the stem, leaves, and petiole do not break. .

The method of the present invention configured as described above is to store cut flowers by hermetically wrapping a cut flower button in a resin film bag, thereby preventing the drying of the cut flowers and the occurrence of disease, and removing the air in the bag. The volume of cut flower buttons in or during transportation can be reduced, transportation efficiency can be improved, and transportation cost can be reduced.
In addition, the inside of the bag is deaerated to the extent that the posture of the cut flower is pressed and fixed, and can be stored for a long period of time at the time of shipment by storing and distributing it at low temperatures, and the petal immediately after opening. You can enjoy the cut flower button until the flower is in full bloom without falling.
Furthermore, unlike the wet vertical box method, the storage / distribution method of the present invention can be delivered to the consumer as it is at the time of shipment without proceeding to flowering until it arrives at the consumer.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention, in which a landing process is performed as a pretreatment after harvesting a cut flower button. In a dry state, it is put in a bag made of a resin film such as a polyfilm, deaerated, and sealed and packaged. Transported and delivered to consumers while refrigerated at -1 ° C to 5 ° C. After taking out the cut flower button from the bag, you can enjoy it from flowering to full bloom.

1) Harvest The cut flower button is harvested when the air temperature is low in the morning during the rupture period (a part of the petal is visible). The reason for harvesting in the ripening period is that in the drought state, little energy is consumed due to apnea, and ethylene gas that promotes flower aging is not generated. Moreover, the state of the soot is rich in pressure resistance, and can withstand sealed packaging by deaeration described later.

2) Landing (pretreatment)
Water is drained immediately after the button is cut, and the cut end is tap water, a 50 times solution of STS agent (silver thiosulfate solution), “Misaki” (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.), or a mixture of them. Immerse in the solution for at least 1 hour and place it at 15 ° C in the dark. Landing should be completed at least before the petals begin to expand. Furthermore, energy consumption during storage can be suppressed by treating the freshness-preserving agent containing the STS agent as a pretreatment. This pretreatment may be performed only with tap water or well water.

3) Sealing A bag made of a resin film such as a polyfilm is preferably 10 cm longer than the cut flower, 10 cm or more in width, and 0.05 mm or more in thickness. Put the cut flowers in the bag from the direction of the cut ends. Attach the opening of the bag to the deaerator and gradually release the air inside the bag.
When about 50% of the air is released, stop the deaerator once and gently press the leaves and petiole (the part of the leaves, the thin handle that connects the blades to the stems and branches). Once prepared, blend the resin film with the cut flowers.

    After that, start the deaerator again, deaerate until the leaf, petiole, stem, and floret are in close contact with the film, and stop the deaerator just before the bag twists up. Then, the opening is hermetically fixed with a heat seal or the like. At this time, the cut flowers of buttons such as buttons and peonies are flexible, so they are sealed and wrapped with the petals converged inward. Degassing and hermetically wrapping prevent cut flowers from drying out and prevent disease, and by bringing the floret and film into close contact with each other, flowering can be physically suppressed. In addition, the movement of the petals within the bag can be suppressed, and damage to the petals can be suppressed.

4) Refrigerated Store the cut flower buttons in a bag with the film in close contact, horizontally or vertically in a cardboard or container in a refrigerator under light shielding conditions. The storage temperature is suitably -1 ° C to 5 ° C. Although the refrigerated period of cut flower buttons that can maintain ornamental value varies depending on the variety, it can be stored for 4 weeks at 2 ° C and 2 weeks at 5 ° C. At this time, when stored at −1 ° C. or lower, cut flowers are likely to freeze, and at 5 ° C. or higher, the flowering rate decreases. In the experiment, the most desirable result of about ± 1 ° C centered on 2 ° C was confirmed.

5) Transport Since the thickness of the cut flower button that has been deaerated and sealed is less than the width of the flower bud, it is transported throughout the country or around the world in parcels that can be refrigerated. By deaeration and sealed packaging, the volume is reduced compared to the conventional vertical box shipment, so it can be shipped by air mail etc. In addition, the petals can be put in by using the flexibility of cut flowers of buttons and peonies. It can also be transported in a cylindrical container or the like with the direction converged. Compared with the conventional vertical box wet method, the method of the present invention is sealed in a dry state, and can maintain the state at the time of market shipment without proceeding with flowering.

6) Flowering The cut-and-wrapped cut flower button delivered to the consumer (purchaser) through the wholesaler and retailer is opened from the cut flower's cut end, and the cut flower button is slowly taken out. Drain the cut flower button and soak it in an STS (silver thiosulfate) agent for at least 1 hour. Thereafter, a 50-fold solution of “Misaki” (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) is appropriately supplemented as a nutrient. The temperature at this time should be as low as possible. In addition, by treating the freshness-preserving agent with the STS agent after opening (after leaving the store), it is possible to promote the growth of petals and delay the fall of petals after flowering.

[material]
Of the buttons (Paeonia suffruticosa) cultivated in the field of the Shimane Agricultural Technology Center on April 23, 2004, cut flowers harvested from the four-year-old strains of “Rentsuru” and “Shima Minister” were used.

[Method]
The flowering stage (harvest time) was the rupture stage, the cut flower length was 20-25 cm, and the leaves below the top 4-5 sheets were removed. Immediately after harvesting, after landing with tap water, three cut flowers are bundled into a polyfilm bag (width 300 mm, length 460 mm, thickness 0.05 mm), and until the film and cut flowers are in close contact, The air was evacuated and sealed. Storage conditions were left in a refrigerator set at 2 ° C., 5 ° C., and 10 ° C. under light shielding conditions for 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. After completion of the refrigeration treatment, it was immediately opened and placed in Misaki, which was diluted 50 times with 3 cut flowers and replenished daily. The flower holding period was until the day when the petal fell.
The degree of appreciation value was evaluated on a five-point scale by judging whether or not there was flowering and the expansion and development of petals. The results are shown in the following Tables 1 and 2 and FIGS.

[result]
As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the refrigerated period of the cut flowers that can maintain the appreciation value of 'Rentsuru' is 4 weeks at 2 ° C, 2 weeks at 5 ° C, and 1 week at 10 ° C. The petal elongation was good. In the refrigerated section at 10 ° C. for 2 weeks, the petals did not grow well and the flower petals were small in size. In the refrigerated section at 5 and 10 ° C. for 4 weeks, the petal elongation stopped halfway without fully flowering 3 days after delivery.

  As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the refrigerated period of cut flowers that can maintain the appreciation value of 'Shima minister' is 2 weeks at 2 ° C, 1 week at 5 ° C and 10 ° C. Was good. In addition, the elongation in the 5 ° C refrigerated area was poor, and a petal fall was observed in the 10 ° C refrigerated area. In addition, when the appreciation value index was low, some flowers did not bloom at all, and petals were not stretched or undeveloped, disease occurred, and petals and leaf tips were browned.

  Fig. 6 shows a cut flower button (variety 'renzuru') harvested at different times such as 1 week before failure, 1 day before failure, 1 day after failure, 1 day after failure (after petal development), and 2 weeks at 2 ° C. The flowering situation after refrigerated storage is shown. As shown in the figure, what was cut out one week before the rupture did not lead to flowering, and those harvested one day before the rupture and during the rupture period bloomed normally although the petal elongation was somewhat weak, and one day after the rupture ( Those harvested after petal development) blossomed normally 3 days after delivery, but the flowering time was too early and they did not bloom beautifully.

  FIG. 7 shows the state of deaeration and adhesion when the cut flower button is put in a bag made of a resin film and the refrigeration treatment is finished under the conditions of 2 ° C., 5 ° C., and 10 ° C.

[Discussion]
As a result of the above, when the button was sufficiently landed after harvesting and the cut flowers were sealed with a polyfilm bag and brought into a close contact state, it was revealed that the flowers could be stored for 2 weeks in a state where they could be blossomed by refrigeration under a 2 ° C. shading condition. . In addition, it has been found that the flower can be most beautifully flowered in addition to the long viewing period after leaving the cut flower button under this condition (2 ° C, shading, 2 weeks). In addition, the difference between cultivars was recognized in the preservation days. In addition, it is assumed that the causes of petal non-elongation and unexpansion, occurrence of disease, browning of petals and leaf tips, etc. are caused by exhaustion during refrigerating, generation of ethylene, propagation of pathogenic bacteria, etc. Is done.

  The preservation / distribution method of the present invention can be widely applied as a preservation / distribution method for not only cut flower buttons but also plants having a pressure resistant ridge and having a flexible stem.

It is a flowchart which shows the preservation | save and distribution method of the cut flower button of this invention. (A)-(C) is the flowering date of the cut flower button (variety 'renzuru') of the present invention after 2 weeks, 2 days, 5 degrees and 10 degrees after refrigeration, 3 days after delivery, 5 days after delivery Indicates. (A) and (B) show the degree of flowering of the cut flower button of the present invention (variety 'renzuru') after 4 weeks of refrigeration at 2 ° C, 5 ° C and 10 ° C, and 3 days after delivery. (A)-(C) is the flowering date of the cut flower button (variety 'Island Minister') of the present invention after 2 weeks of refrigeration at 2 ° C, 5 ° C and 10 ° C, 3 days after delivery, 5 days after delivery Indicates. (A), (B) shows the degree of flowering of the cut flower button (variety 'Island Minister') of the present invention on the day of delivery after 3 weeks of refrigeration at 2 ° C, 5 ° C and 10 ° C for 3 weeks. (A) to (C) start refrigeration at 2 ° C. after harvesting 1 week before failure, 1 day before failure, 1 day after failure, 1 day after failure of the cut flower button of the present invention (variety 'renzuru') The degree of flowering on the day of delivery after 3 weeks of refrigeration, 3 days after delivery, and 5 days after delivery. The degassing / adhesion state when the refrigeration treatment is completed under the conditions of 2 ° C., 5 ° C., and 10 ° C. after the cut flower button of the present invention is put in a bag made of resin film is shown.

Claims (6)

It is a method of packaging cut flowers of buttons or peonies and storing and distributing them under low temperature and light shielding. The cut flowers before reaching full bloom are landed, and the cut flowers after the landing treatment are made of a resin film bag. A method for storing and distributing cut flower buttons that deaerate the inside of the bag so that the surface of the cut flower and the bag made of a resin film are in close contact with each other and the posture of the cut flower is pressed and fixed. .   The method for preserving and distributing cut flower buttons according to claim 1, wherein the flowering degree of the cut flower button before full bloom that has reached the breakage period is 50% or less.   The method for preserving and distributing cut flower buttons according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cut end of the cut flower button harvested by the landing process is immersed in water or a freshness-preserving agent solution.   The method for storing and distributing cut flower buttons according to claim 1, wherein the storage temperature is -1 ° C to less than 5 ° C.   The preservation / distribution method of cut flower buttons according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the preservation temperature is 1 to 3 ° C.   Claims 1, 2, 3 and 4 wherein after degassing about half of the air in the bag made of resin film, the degassing operation is stopped once and lightly pressed so that the stem, leaves and petiole do not break. Or the preservation and distribution method of 5 cut flower buttons.