JP4562703B2 - Information recording medium and information recording apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an information recording medium, an information recording apparatus , and a drive apparatus for recording and reproducing information using an information recording medium such as an optical disk.

  In recent years, DVDs have been widely used as optical disks capable of recording moving images as digital information. Also, a Blu-ray disc (hereinafter abbreviated as BD), which is known as a next generation optical disc capable of higher density recording than DVD, has already entered the practical stage.

  In an optical disc such as a DVD or BD, the minimum unit of logical access is called a sector. Conventionally, in order to ensure the reliability of recorded data, for example, in a DVD-RAM or BD, when there is a sector that cannot be recorded / reproduced on a disk (referred to as a defective sector), an ECC block including a defective sector (DVD Case) or cluster (in the case of BD) is replaced by another ECC block or cluster in good condition, so-called defect management is performed. The defective sector may be generated when the disk is manufactured, or may be generated due to dirt or scratches attached to the disk surface as the disk is used.

  An example of a conventional optical disc and its recording / reproducing apparatus for performing such defect management is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Here, a conventional optical disc (DVD) disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described.

  The conventional optical disk 91 has a data recording area 95 and a disk information area 94 as shown in FIG. The disk information area 94 stores parameters necessary for accessing the disk 91. In this example, the disc information areas 94 are provided on the innermost and outermost sides of the disc 91, respectively. The innermost disk information area 94 is also referred to as a lead-in area. The outermost disk information area 94 is also referred to as a lead-out area.

  Data recording / reproduction is performed on the data recording area 95. Each sector of the data recording area 95 is assigned in advance an absolute address called a physical sector number (hereinafter abbreviated as PSN).

  A host control device (generally a host computer) issues a recording or playback command to the optical disk device in units of sectors. When the upper control unit gives an instruction to reproduce a certain sector, the optical disc apparatus reproduces the ECC block including the sector from the disc, corrects the error, and then performs only the data portion corresponding to the designated sector. Send back. In addition, when a higher-level control apparatus commands the recording of a certain sector, the optical disk apparatus reproduces an ECC block including the sector from the disk, performs error correction, and then a data portion corresponding to the designated sector. Is replaced with the recording data received from the host controller, and the error correction code is recalculated and added for the ECC block, and the ECC block including the sector is recorded on the disk. Such a recording operation is referred to as Read Modified Write.

  The data recording area 95 includes a volume space 96 and a spare area 97. The volume space 96 is an area prepared for storing user data, and includes a logical volume space 96a and a volume structure 96b indicating the structure of the logical volume space 96a. In order to access the volume space 96, a logical sector number (hereinafter abbreviated as LSN) is assigned to each sector included in the volume space 96. Data is recorded / reproduced by accessing the sector of the disk 91 using the LSN.

  The spare area 97 includes at least one sector (alternate sector) that can be used in place of the defective sector when a defective sector occurs in the volume space 96.

The disc information area 94 includes a control data area 94a and a defect management information area 94b. The defect management information area 94b stores defect management information 100 for managing defective sectors.

The defect management information 100 includes a disk definition structure 110 and a primary defect list (Primary).
A defect list (hereinafter abbreviated as PDL) 120 and a secondary defect list (hereinafter abbreviated as SDL) 130.

  The PDL 120 is used for managing defective sectors detected in the inspection of the disk 91 at the time of shipment. The inspection at the time of shipment of the disk 91 is usually performed by the manufacturer of the disk 91. The SDL 130 is used for managing defective sectors detected while the user is using the disk 91.

  FIG. 12 shows the structure of the SDL 130. The SDL 130 includes a secondary defect list header (SDL header) 200 including an identifier indicating SDL, information (SDL entry number information) 210 indicating the number of SDL entries 220 registered in the SDL, one or more SDL entry 220 (first entry to m-th entry in the example shown in FIG. 12). Note that the value of the SDL entry number information 210 being zero indicates that there is no defective sector registered in the SDL.

  FIG. 13 shows the structure of the SDL entry 220. The SDL entry 220 includes a status field 220a, a field 220b for storing information indicating the position of the defective sector, and a field 220c for storing information indicating the position of the replacement sector to be replaced with the defective sector.

  The status field 220a is used to indicate whether the defective sector has been replaced with a replacement sector. The position of the defective sector is expressed by, for example, the physical sector number of the defective sector. The position of the replacement sector is expressed by, for example, the physical sector number of the replacement sector.

  For example, the status field 220a includes a 1-bit flag 220a-1 and a reserved area 220a-2. For example, the value of the flag 220a-1 being 1 indicates that the defective sector has not been replaced with a replacement sector. The value of the flag 220a-1 being 0 indicates that the defective sector has been replaced with a replacement sector.

  In the above description, defect management is performed in units of sectors, but it is also known to perform defect management in units of blocks composed of a plurality of sectors. In this case, instead of the information indicating the position of the defective sector, information indicating the position of the block including the defective sector (referred to as a defective block) (for example, the physical sector number of the first sector of the defective block) is registered in the SDL. Instead of the information indicating the position of the replacement sector, information indicating the position of the replacement block (for example, the physical sector number of the first sector of the replacement block) is registered in the SDL. For example, in the case of a DVD, defect management is performed in units of ECC blocks that are units for error correction.

By the way, when the number of defective sectors increases, the frequency of accessing the replacement sector increases, and the recording / reproducing speed extremely decreases, which may particularly hinder the recording / reproducing of moving images. In addition, since the replacement sector is secured in the data recording area 95, if a large number of replacement areas are secured in preparation for frequent replacement, the recordable capacity of user data is also pressed. In such a case, it is recommended to perform physical reformatting (Re-initialization) after cleaning the dirt adhering to the surface of the disk. This is because defects that occur later are often caused by fingerprints or the like attached to the disk surface, so that many defects that occur later are eliminated by cleaning.

  Conventionally, when physical reformatting is performed, the contents of the status field 220a, field 220b, and field 220c of the SDL entry 220 are all invalidated.

The prior art described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 mainly relates to DVD, but in the case of BD as well, conventionally, when physical reformatting is performed, the contents of the defect list are all erased. ing.
JP 2000-322835 A (FIGS. 1A to 1C)

  However, conventionally, all the contents of the defect list are erased by physical reformatting, thereby causing the following problems.

  That is, since all the contents of the defect list are erased at the time of physical reformatting, information indicating the position of a defective sector (or a sector that may be defective) is also lost. Therefore, when there is a defect that cannot be resolved even after the disk surface is cleaned, user data is recorded even though it may be a defect when recording new data on the formatted disk. Therefore, playback for read / modify / write must be performed. However, there is a problem that reproduction cannot be performed due to a defect and recording cannot be performed as a result.

  In addition, conventionally, after physical reformatting, there is also an apparatus that arbitrarily performs defect inspection processing (certification) for checking all sectors of a disk for defects and registering information on the detected defective sectors in a defect list. Are known.

  As an example of conventional authentication processing, there is known a method for checking the presence or absence of a defect on a disk by writing authentication data to the entire volume space of the disk and checking whether the written data can be correctly reproduced. It has been. However, in the case of a DVD, for example, this method has a problem that it takes about one hour from the start to the end of the authentication process, which is very troublesome for the user.

  In the case of a BD, a simple defect inspection process called quick certification is possible. In this process, all the entries in the defect list are inspected for defect clusters. If there is a defect, the entry is left as it is. If not, the entry is invalidated. Therefore, the more entries in the defect list, the longer the processing time, and in the worst case it may take about 15 minutes.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an information recording medium and an information recording apparatus capable of performing physical reformatting at high speed while avoiding unnecessary replacement processing after physical reformatting.

In order to achieve the above object, an information recording medium according to the present invention includes a volume space in which user data is recorded, a spare area including a replacement area that can be used in place of a defective area included in the volume space, An information recording medium comprising a defect management information area in which defect management information for managing the defect area is recorded, wherein the defect management information includes a plurality of DFL entries, and each DFL entry includes the defect area Field for storing defect position information indicating the position of the replacement area, replacement position information indicating the position of the replacement area, and defect status information indicating the attribute of the DFL entry , and after physical reformatting of the information recording medium , defect attribute of the defect status information management in the DFL entry is performed is the defective area and those regardless of whether or not a defect has been eliminated Significant user data in either spare area indicating the absence, characterized in that.

In order to achieve the above object, an information recording apparatus of the present invention includes a volume space in which user data is recorded, a spare area including a replacement area that can be used in place of a defective area included in the volume space, and the defect An information recording apparatus for recording information on an information recording medium including a defect management information area in which defect management information for managing an area is recorded, wherein the defect management information includes a plurality of DFL entries, The DFL entry includes fields for storing defect position information indicating the position of the defect area, replacement position information indicating the position of the replacement area, and defect state information indicating an attribute of the DFL entry , and the information recording medium Upon receiving the execution instruction of the physical reformatting, small regardless of whether or not a defect is resolved in the DFL entry is performing defect management The defect position information is maintained, while the defect state information is provided with an initialization processing unit that rewrites the attribute indicating that no significant user data exists in either the defect area or the replacement area. To do.

The information recording medium according to the present invention, and, according to the information recording equipment, by maintaining without erasing at least the defect position information during physical reformatting of the information recording medium, wasteful replacement processing after the physical reformatting It is possible to reduce. In addition, since at least the defect position information is maintained, the conventional authentication process is unnecessary, so that physical reformatting can be performed at high speed.

  In the information recording apparatus of the present invention according to the above configuration, the defect management information further includes replacement position information indicating a position of the replacement area, and the initialization processing unit is configured to perform physical reformatting of the information recording medium. The replacement position information in the defect management information may be deleted. Defects may be eliminated by cleaning the disk before and after physical reformatting, etc. Because unnecessary replacement areas can be reduced by deleting replacement position information during physical reformatting It is.

  In the information recording apparatus of the present invention according to the above configuration, the defect management information further includes replacement position information indicating a position of the replacement area, and the initialization processing unit is configured to perform physical reformatting of the information recording medium. The replacement position information in the defect management information may be maintained. As a result, when recording is to be performed in the area indicated by the defect position information and the area is defective, it is not necessary to search for a free area in the replacement area and reassign it, so that replacement registration can be performed at high speed. .

  The information recording apparatus of the present invention according to the above configuration is based on the premise that there is no significant user data for the area indicated by the defect position information corresponding to the defect state information having the attribute in the defect management information. It is preferable to further include a control unit that performs at least one of the reproduction processing.

  For example, for the area indicated by the defect position information corresponding to the defect state information having the attribute in the defect management information, the control unit can generate new user data to the area without reproducing the data from the area. Recording processing may be performed. In this case, since the read processing of read / modify / write becomes unnecessary, the problem that data cannot be recorded because data cannot be reproduced from the disc can be avoided.

  Alternatively, when the control unit receives a reproduction command for the area indicated by the defect position information corresponding to the defect state information having the attribute in the defect management information, the dummy data is reproduced from the area without reproducing the data. It may be generated and used instead of the reproduction data from the area. In this case, it is possible to prevent useless reproduction trials from being repeated by avoiding reproduction processing that is likely to cause an error due to a defect.

  In the information recording apparatus of the present invention according to the above configuration, there is a possibility that the defect in the area is eliminated with respect to the area indicated by the defect position information corresponding to the defect state information having the attribute in the defect management information. It is preferable to further include a control unit that performs at least one of the recording process and the reproduction process on the assumption that there is. By performing recording / playback processing on the assumption that the defect may have been eliminated, the number of unnecessary replacement registrations can be reduced if the defect has been eliminated by cleaning before and after physical reformatting, etc. Because it can.

For example, the control unit attempts to record data in the area indicated by the defect position information corresponding to the defect state information having the attribute in the defect management information, and if successful, the defect management information related to the area is invalidated. If it fails, it is preferable to assign a replacement area to the area. This has the advantage that the number of unnecessary replacement registrations can be reduced.

  In the information recording apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration, the user data is recorded in the defect area indicated by the defect position information in the defect management information, or the defect area is replaced with a replacement area by a replacement process. In this case, it is preferable that the attribute indicating that the physical reformatting is performed on the defect area is deleted from the defect management information.

  Further, the information recording apparatus of the present invention according to the above configuration is indicated by defect position information corresponding to defect management information having an attribute indicating that physical reformatting has been performed in a period when there is no operation command from the host controller. An inspection processing unit that inspects the area, invalidates the defect management information if the defect in the area is resolved, and assigns a replacement area to the area if the defect in the area is confirmed is further provided. preferable.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

  The disc 1 according to this embodiment is a disc-like rewritable information recording medium. Here, a BD is illustrated as a specific example of the disc 1, but the disc 1 is not limited to the BD, and may be a DVD-RAM or the like.

  FIG. 1 shows the physical structure of the disk 1. On the disk 1, a plurality of tracks 2 are formed concentrically or spirally. Each of the plurality of tracks 2 is divided into a plurality of sectors 3. The area of the disk 1 includes one or more disk information areas 4 and a data recording area 5. In the example of FIG. 1, two disc information areas 4 are provided on the innermost and outermost sides of the disc 1, respectively. The innermost disk information area 4 is also referred to as a lead-in area. The outermost disk information area 4 is also referred to as a lead-out area.

  Data recording / reproduction is performed on the data recording area 5. All sectors in the data recording area 5 are pre-assigned absolute addresses called physical sector numbers (hereinafter abbreviated as PSN).

  FIG. 2 shows the logical structure of each area of the disk 1.

  The data recording area 5 includes a volume space 6 and a spare area 7. The volume space 6 is an area prepared for storing user data. In order to access the volume space 6, a logical sector number (hereinafter abbreviated as LSN) is assigned to each sector included in the volume space 6. Data is recorded and reproduced by accessing the sector of the disk 1 using the LSN.

  The spare area 7 includes at least one sector that can be used in place of the defective sector when a defective sector occurs in the volume space 6. In the disk 1 (BD) according to the present embodiment, the following description will be made assuming that the replacement process is performed in units of clusters that are error correction units, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The spare area 7 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the disk 1 from the volume space 6. When a defective sector occurs in an area for storing file management information (such as unused space management information and a root directory file entry), a replacement process of a cluster including the defective sector (hereinafter referred to as a defective cluster) is performed. This is to perform the operation at high speed. The file management information is stored in the vicinity of the sector to which the logical sector number “0” is assigned. Therefore, by arranging the spare area 7 on the inner circumference side of the disk 1 with respect to the volume space 6, the seek distance between the defective cluster and the replacement cluster can be reduced. This speeds up the replacement process of the defective cluster. The frequency at which file management information is accessed is high, and high data reliability is required for file management information. Therefore, it is extremely useful to perform replacement processing of defective clusters generated in an area for storing file management information at high speed.

  The volume space 6 includes a logical volume space 6a and a volume structure 6b indicating the structure of the logical volume space 6a. In the logical volume space 6a, unused space management information indicating whether the sector of the logical volume space 6a is used or unused, one or more data extents storing the contents of the file, and one or more corresponding to the file And a file entry in which the data extents are registered are stored. Files are managed using these pieces of information.

  The disc information area 4 includes a control data area 4a and a defect management information area 4b. The defect management information area 4b stores defect management information 10 for managing clusters including defective sectors.

  The defect management information 10 includes a disk definition structure 11 and a defect list (hereinafter, abbreviated as DFL) 12.

  The DFL 12 is used to manage defective sectors detected in the inspection at the time of shipment of the disk 1 and defective sectors detected while the user is using the disk 1. The inspection at the time of shipment of the disk 1 is usually performed by the manufacturer of the disk 1.

  FIG. 3 shows the structure of the DFL 12.

  The DFL 12 includes a defect list header (DFL header) 20 including an identifier indicating a DFL, one or more DFL entries 21 (first to mth entries in the example shown in FIG. 3), A DFL end terminal 22 representing the end and a reserved area 23 are included.

  FIG. 4 shows the structure of the DFL entry 21.

  The DFL entry 21 includes a first state field 21a, a first address field 21b, a second state field 21c, and a second address field 21d. The configuration of the DFL entry is not limited to this example, and may include any other field.

  The first state field 21a and the second state field 21c indicate attributes of the DFL entry 21 and the like, as will be described later. In the first address field 21b and the second address field 21d, the position information of the defective cluster or the replacement cluster is stored according to the attributes of the first state field 21a and the second state field 21c. For example, the physical sector number of the leading sector of the defective cluster may be stored in the first address field 21b, and the physical sector number of the leading sector of the replacement cluster may be stored in the second address field 21d.

In this embodiment, the DFL 12 includes a defective sector in the past in addition to the DFL entry related to the cluster including the defective sector that cannot actually be recorded / reproduced. However, the defect is eliminated by cleaning or the like during physical reformatting. May also include DFL entries for other clusters. That is, conventionally, when physical reformatting is performed, all information regarding the defective cluster is erased. However, in this embodiment, at the time of performing physical reformatting, at least all of the defective clusters in all the DFL entries 21 of the DFL 12 are erased. The location information is left without being erased. In addition, a unique code (details will be described later) indicating that physical reformatting has been performed on the defective cluster is set in the second status field 21c of the DFL entry 21. The position information of the defective cluster is stored in either the first address field 21b or the second address field 21d, or both of these fields.

  The first state field 21a may include, for example, a 4-bit flag 21a-1 and a reserved area 21a-2. FIG. 5A shows an example of the definition of the flag 21a-1. For example, the value of the flag 21a-1 being 0000 indicates that the replacement cluster is assigned to the defective cluster, and the user data of the defective cluster is recorded in the replacement cluster. Further, the value of the flag 21a-1 being 1000 indicates that the replacement cluster is assigned to the defective cluster, but the user data of the defective cluster is not recorded in the replacement cluster. Further, the value of the flag 21a-1 being 0001 indicates that no replacement cluster is assigned to the defective cluster. Furthermore, the value of the flag 21a-1 being 0010 indicates that the DFL entry is invalidated. “Invalidated” indicates that the DFL entry does not include significant information regarding the position information of the defective cluster. However, the sector address specified in the second address field 21d of the DFL entry means that the cluster starting from the sector can be used as a future replacement destination.

  In the second state field 21c, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the field is 0000, the field is not used. When the field is 1000, the first address field 21b or the second address field 21d is displayed. Indicates that physical reformatting has been performed on the cluster indicated in This is because the defect of the cluster indicated in the first address field 21b or the second address field 21d may have been eliminated by cleaning at the time of physical reformatting, and the defect cluster and the replacement cluster. Both have two meanings that there is no significant user data.

  The codes such as 0000, 0001, and 1000 in the first state field 21a described above are set according to the replacement status at the time of recording / reproducing of the disc 1, but 1000 in the second state field 21c is described in detail later. When the disk 1 is physically reformatted, this field is set by the disk recording / playback drive.

  Note that the definitions of the first state field 21a and the second state field 21c shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are merely examples, and the number of bits of a flag indicating the replacement status in the information recording medium according to the present invention. The definition is not limited to this example.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an information recording / reproducing apparatus corresponding to the above-described disc 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the disc recording / reproducing drive 1020 according to the present embodiment. The disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 is connected to a host control device (not shown) via an I / O bus 780. The host control device is generally called a host, and is a device that manages the recording data of the disk 1 using a file system. Note that the host controller and the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 can be realized as hardware independent from each other, and can be realized as a single housing.

The disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 includes a microprocessor incorporating a control program and a calculation memory. The disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 is composed of a mechanism section controlled by a microprocessor, a signal processing circuit, and the like, and includes a command processing section 1021 that processes a command from the host controller and a recording that performs control during recording on the disk 1. A control unit 1030, a playback control unit 1040 for controlling playback from the disc 1, a replacement information storage memory 1050 for storing information on defective clusters and their replacement clusters, and temporarily storing recording and playback data A data buffer 1060 and an initialization control unit 1070 that controls the initialization of the disk 1 are provided. The instruction processing unit 1021, the recording control unit 1030, the reproduction control unit 1040, and the initialization control unit 1070 are functional blocks realized by the microprocessor operating according to a predetermined program.

  The command processing unit 1021 includes a recording command processing unit 1022 that processes a recording command from the host control device, a playback command processing unit 1024 that processes a playback command from the host control device, and an initialization command from the host control device. And an initialization command processing unit 1025 for performing the above process.

  The recording control unit 1030 includes a data synthesizing unit 1031 that converts recording data from sector units to cluster units, a cluster recording unit 1032 that records data in cluster units on the disk 1, and a replacement allocation unit 1033 that allocates replacement clusters to defective clusters. And a DFL update unit 1034 that records the contents of the replacement information storage memory 1050 in the DFL on the disk 1 and a recording cluster check unit 1035 that determines a recording target cluster and the like.

  The reproduction control unit 1040 alternates the data reproduced from the DFL on the disk 1, the 0 data filling unit 1041 that rewrites a part of the data buffer 1060 to 0, the cluster reproduction unit 1042 that reproduces data in cluster units from the disk 1, and A DFL reading unit 1043 stored in the information storage memory 1050 and a fraction correction unit 1044 are included.

  The initialization control unit 1070 includes a defect management information reading unit 1071 that reads the defect management information 10 from the disk 1, an initialization processing unit 1072 that performs initialization processing on the defect management information 10 read from the disk 1, and an initialization Defect management information update unit 1073 that writes processed defect management information 10 to disk 1 and defect inspection for clusters that have been physically reformatted during a period in which no operation command such as a recording command or a playback command has been issued from the host controller And an inspection processing unit 1074 that performs (described later).

  The operation of the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 shown in FIG. 6 will be described below.

  First, physical reformat processing of the disk 1 by the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 will be described with reference to FIG.

  This processing is started when the initialization command processing unit 1025 of the command processing unit 1021 receives a physical reformatting execution command (initialization command) from the host controller. When the initialization command processing unit 1025 receives a physical reformat execution command, it passes the command to the initialization control unit 1070. First, the initialization control unit 1070 reads the defect management information 10 from the defect management information area 4b of the disk 1 by the defect management information reading unit 1071 and stores it in the replacement information storage memory 1050 (step 701). Note that the defect management information 10 may already be stored in the replacement information storage memory 1050, and in this case, step 701 can be omitted.

  Next, the initialization processing unit 1072 sets the value of the second state field 21c to 1000 in all the DFL entries 21 included in the defect management information 10 stored in the replacement information storage memory 1050 (Step 702). Note that 1000 is a unique code indicating that physical reformatting has been performed on the disk 1, as shown in FIG.

  The initialization processing unit 1072 maintains the information indicating the position of the defective sector in the DFL entry 21 as it is, but replaces the information indicating the position of the replacement sector in the DFL entry 21 with dummy data (step 703). Thereby, the position information of the defective sector is maintained, but the position information of the replacement sector is erased. However, step 703 is not essential, and both the position information of the defective sector and the replacement sector may be maintained.

  Next, the defect management information update unit 1073 retrieves the defect management information 10 that has been initialized in step 702 from the replacement information storage memory 1050 and writes it into the defect management information area 4b of the disk 1 (step 704).

  With the above processing, the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 of this embodiment maintains at least the position information of the defective cluster in the DFL 12 when the disk 1 is physically reformatted. As a result, a cluster that has been registered in the DFL as a defective cluster before physical reformatting can be detected even after physical reformatting, regardless of whether or not the defect has been eliminated by cleaning during physical reformatting. The position information is registered in the DFL as a cluster that may be defective.

  The disk 1 that has been physically reformatted in this way has an advantage that new data can be recorded at a higher speed than conventional disks. If there is a write command to a cluster in which there is a DFL entry 21 in which the value of the second state field 21c is set to 1000, this cluster should not have significant user data as a result of physical reformatting. This is because the recording / reproducing drive 1020 only needs to write the data to be written without following the read-modify-write procedure.

  Furthermore, since there is a possibility that the defect of this cluster has been eliminated by cleaning at the time of physical reformatting, if there is a write command to the cluster, writing to the cluster may be attempted. In this case, if the writing is successful, it can be determined that the defect of the cluster has been eliminated. Therefore, the DFL entry of the cluster may be invalidated. The invalidation of the DFL entry is performed, for example, by setting the value of the first status field 21a of the DFL entry to 0010. Further, if the writing fails, it can be determined that the defect of the cluster has not been eliminated. Therefore, as in the conventional case, a spare cluster may be assigned as a replacement destination and writing may be performed on the assigned spare cluster.

  If there is a read command for a cluster in which there is a DFL entry in which the value of the second state field 21c is set to 1000, the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 accesses the cluster on the disk 1 and tries to reproduce it. Alternatively, dummy data may be returned instead of the reproduction data from the disk 1 without checking whether or not the cluster can be reproduced. Alternatively, when at least a part of the cluster can be reproduced by attempting to reproduce the cluster, the result of correction within the correctable range may be used as reproduction data.

  Here, the reproducing method by the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 will be described taking as an example the case of reproducing ordinary computer data that is not real-time data recorded on the disk 1.

  FIG. 8 shows the steps of the reproducing method.

In FIG. 8, reference numeral 111 indicates a process executed by the host controller, reference numeral 112 indicates a process executed by the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020, and reference numeral 113 indicates a host controller and the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020. Shows the flow of instructions, data, and processing results in the I / F protocol. The details of the playback process by the disk recording / playback drive 1020 will be described later, so only a brief description will be given here.

  The disc recording / reproducing drive 1020 reads the defect management information on the disc 1 using the DFL reading unit 1043 when the disc 1 is loaded and when the defect management information is updated, and stores it in the replacement information storage memory 1050 (step 1101).

  The host controller analyzes the file structure to determine the position of the area where the computer data is stored (step 1102).

  The host controller acquires information indicating the position of the area obtained in step 1102 and issues a “READ” command, which is a normal playback command, to the disc recording / reproducing drive 1020 (step 1103).

  Upon receiving the “READ” command, the playback command processing unit 1024 of the disk recording / playback drive 1020 reads the designated data from the disk 1 (step 1104), transfers the data to the host controller (step 1105), and requested. When all the data has been transferred, an end status is returned (step 1107).

  The reproduction data transferred via the I / F protocol is stored in the data buffer memory of the host controller (step 1106).

  When the host controller receives the end status via the I / F protocol, the data stored in the data buffer memory is used as computer data.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a detailed procedure of the reproduction process (step 1104 in FIG. 8) executed by the disk recording / reproduction drive 1020.

  The area that is required to be reproduced is designated in sector units from the host controller. The fraction correction unit 1044 obtains a cluster including the sector requested to be reproduced (step 1201). Here, if the LSN of the first sector of the area where reproduction is required is S, the number of sectors in the area where reproduction is required is N, and the number of sectors constituting the cluster is E, reproduction is necessary considering the cluster. The LSN (S_C) of the first sector of the area and the number of sectors (N_C) of the area that need to be reproduced can be obtained by the following equations.

S_C = [S ÷ E] × E
N_C = [(S + N + E−1) ÷ E] × E−S_C
Here, [α] represents a maximum integer not exceeding α.

  If all the clusters that need to be reproduced have not been stored in the data buffer 1060 (step 1202), the DFL 12 is referred to (step 1203). As a result, if the cluster to be reproduced is not registered in the DFL 12 as a defective cluster, the process proceeds to step 1204, and the cluster reproduction unit 1042 reproduces the cluster obtained in step 1201 and stores it in the data buffer 1060. (Step 1204). On the other hand, if the cluster to be reproduced is registered in the DFL 12 as a defective cluster, the process proceeds to step 1205.

  In step 1205, the cluster reproducing unit 1042 refers to the first state field 21a and the second state field 21c of the DFL entry 21 of the cluster (defective cluster) to be reproduced, and depending on the value, the following steps 1206 to Proceed to any of 1208.

  When the flag 21a-1 of the first state field 21a is 0000, the data of the defective cluster to be reproduced is recorded in the spare cluster assigned as the replacement destination. In this case, the process proceeds to Step 1206, and the cluster reproduction unit 1042 reproduces data from the replacement spare cluster and stores it in the data buffer 1060.

  When the flag 21a-1 is 1000 or 0001, either a replacement cluster is assigned to the defective cluster to be reproduced, but no data is recorded at the replacement destination, or no replacement cluster is assigned. It is. In this case, the process proceeds to step 1207, and the cluster reproducing unit 1041 makes an effort to reproduce data from the replacement source cluster, stores the data in the data buffer 1060 if successful, and reports an error if failed.

  A cluster having a value of 1000 in the second state field 21c is a cluster initialized by physical reformatting. In this case, the process proceeds to step 1208, and the cluster reproducing unit 1042 generates a cluster filled with dummy data (0) instead of reproducing the cluster from the disk 1. This is because there is no significant user data in the cluster due to physical reformatting.

  In the present embodiment, when the value of the second state field 21c is 1000, dummy data is uniformly generated in step 1208. However, instead of step 1208 of this embodiment, reproduction is attempted for the defective cluster on the disk 1, and if reproduction is successful, the reproduced data is stored in the data buffer 1060, and if reproduction fails, Dummy data generated by zero padding or data that can be corrected within a possible range from the reproduced data may be stored in the data buffer 1060 if a part of the data can be reproduced.

  When all the clusters that need to be reproduced have been stored in the data buffer 1060 (the result of step 1202 is “Yes”), the data stored in the data buffer 1060 is superordinately controlled via the I / O bus 780. The data is transferred to the apparatus (step 1209), and the process is terminated.

  When a reproduction error is reported, the host controller instructs the cluster to record. As a result, a replacement process is performed in which a spare cluster is assigned and data is recorded in the assigned spare cluster. As a result, in the logical volume space, the defective cluster is replaced with a reproducible spare cluster.

  As described above, when the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 is requested to reproduce a defective cluster to which the spare cluster to be replaced is not assigned, the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 reproduces the data filled with 0 without reporting a reproduction error. Send it back as data. Alternatively, when a reproduction is requested for a defective block to which a spare cluster as a replacement destination is not assigned, a reproduction error may be reported without spending time on a useless reproduction operation that would fail. .

  In each step of the recording method for recording normal computer data that is not real-time data on the disk 1, a “WRITE” command is issued in place of the “READ” command in FIG. 8, and the recording data is in the reverse direction instead of transferring the reproduction data. Is substantially the same as each step of the reproducing method shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure of recording processing executed by the disk recording / reproducing drive 1020.

  The disc recording / reproducing drive 1020 receives the data requested to be recorded on the disc 1 from the host controller and stores it in the data buffer 1060 (step 1301).

  The area where recording is required is specified in units of sectors. The recording cluster inspection unit 1035 determines a cluster (recording target cluster) that includes an area for which recording is requested (step 1302).

  If there is a fraction at the beginning (the result of step 1304 is “Yes”), the apparatus registers the cluster including the leading sector as a DFL entry having a physical reformatted attribute (second state field 21c is 1000). It is checked whether or not (step 1304). If registered, the reproduction process for the buffering process of the cluster is not performed, and instead, the data buffer 1060 is filled with dummy data (step 1305). If not registered, reproduction processing for buffering processing is performed (step 1306).

  Similarly, if there is a fraction at the end (the result of step 1307 is “yes”), it is checked whether the cluster including the last sector is registered as a DFL entry having a physical reformatted attribute (step 1308). . If registered, the reproduction process for the buffering process of the cluster is not performed, but the data buffer 1060 is filled with dummy data instead (step 1309). If not registered, reproduction processing for buffering processing is performed (step 1310).

  Thereafter, the data transferred from the host is overwritten at a position corresponding to the corresponding sector in the data buffer 1060 to synthesize data for recording (step 1311).

  If the cluster to be recorded is registered as a DFL entry having a physically reformatted attribute (the result of Step 1312 is “Yes”), the DFL is regardless of whether or not a replacement destination is assigned. Recording is performed on a cluster indicated as a defective cluster in the entry (step 1313).

  On the other hand, if no DFL entry having a physical reformatted attribute has been registered for the cluster to be recorded (result of step 1312 is “No”), if a replacement destination is assigned (result of step 1314) Is “Yes”), it is recorded in the spare cluster of the replacement destination (step 1315). If a replacement destination is not assigned (the result of step 1314 is “No”), a replacement spare cluster is newly assigned and then recorded in the replacement spare cluster (step 1316).

  Further, when user data is recorded in a cluster indicated as a defective cluster in a DFL entry having a physically reformatted attribute (second state field 21c is 1000), or a replacement destination is assigned to the cluster. When user data is recorded at the replacement destination, the code of the first status field 21a of the DFL entry is set according to the situation, and the content of the second status field 21c is changed from 1000 to 0000.

The disk recording / reproducing drive 1020 of this embodiment further includes a defective area in a DFL entry having an attribute indicating that physical reformatting has been performed during a period when there is no operation command from the host controller (or a free time of other processing). Has the function of inspecting the area indicated as. That is, the inspection processing unit 1074 searches all the DFL entries 21 registered in the DFL 12 during a period when there is no operation command such as a recording command or a playback command from the host controller, and the second status field 21c is 1000. The cluster indicated as a defective cluster in the DFL entry 21 is inspected to determine whether or not it is actually defective. If the defect of the cluster is eliminated, the inspection processing unit 1074 invalidates the DFL entry 21 by setting the first state field 21a to 0010. At this time, the second state field 21c is changed from 1000 to 0000. On the other hand, if the defect of the cluster is confirmed, the inspection processing unit 1074 assigns a replacement area to the cluster, sets the first state field 21a to 0000 or 1000, and sets the contents of the second state field 21c to Change from 1000 to 0000. As a result, it is possible to efficiently inspect for defects in the physically reformatted disk using a period in which there is no operation command from the host controller.

  The above-described embodiment is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above description, the value of the second state field 21c being 1000 indicates that physical reformatting has been performed on the cluster indicated in the field 21b, that is, (1) cleaning during physical reformatting. This indicates the two meanings that the defect of the cluster indicated in the field 21b may be eliminated by (2) and that there is no significant user data in either the defective cluster or the replacement cluster. It was. However, separate codes may be given to the meanings of (1) and (2), and different recording / reproducing processes may be performed according to the respective codes.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the disk 1 is a BD has been exemplified. However, the present invention is similarly applied to an information recording medium in which one unit of error correction is composed of a plurality of sectors, such as a DVD. It is possible to apply. For example, in the case of a DVD, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the portion described as “cluster” in this embodiment may be replaced with “ECC block”.

  Further, the data transfer between the host controller and the disk recording / reproducing drive and the data transfer between the disk recording / reproducing drive and the disk may be performed sequentially or simultaneously. In addition, when the host controller and the disk recording / reproducing drive are integrally configured, it is obvious that the parameter can be delivered using a shared memory or the like.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the recording area of the information recording medium concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the logical structure of the recording area of the information recording medium concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of DFL12 shown by FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the DFL entry 21 in DFL12. It is a figure which shows an example of the definition of the 1st status field 21a in the DFL entry 21. It is a figure which shows an example of the definition of the 2nd state field in the DFL entry. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the disc recording / reproducing drive 1020 concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure of physical reformatting processing executed by the disc recording / reproducing drive 1020. 10 is a flowchart showing the procedure of a reproduction process executed by the disk recording / reproduction drive 1020. 12 is a flowchart showing a detailed procedure of reproduction processing executed by the disk recording / reproduction drive 1020. 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure of recording processing executed by a disc recording / reproducing drive 1020. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the logical structure of the recording area of the conventional information recording medium. It is a figure which shows an example of the defect list | wrist of the conventional information recording medium. It is a figure which shows the structure of the SDL entry in the conventional defect list | wrist of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 disk 2 track 3 sector 4 disk information area 4a control data area 4b defect management information area 5 data recording area 6 volume space 6a logical volume space 6b volume structure 7 spare area 10 defect management information 11 disk definition structure 12 defect list (DFL)
1020 Disc recording / playback drive 780 I / O bus

Claims (4)

Defect management information in which a volume space in which user data is recorded, a spare area including a replacement area that can be used in place of the defect area included in the volume space, and defect management information for managing the defect area are recorded. An information recording medium comprising an area,
The defect management information includes a plurality of DFL entries, and each DFL entry includes defect position information indicating the position of the defect area, replacement position information indicating the position of the replacement area, and a defect indicating an attribute of the DFL entry. Including fields to store state information,
The attribute of the defect status information in each DFL entry for which defect management is performed after physical reformatting of the information recording medium is the defect area and the replacement area regardless of whether or not the defect has been eliminated. An information recording medium characterized in that no significant user data exists. Defect management information in which a volume space in which user data is recorded, a spare area including a replacement area that can be used in place of the defect area included in the volume space, and defect management information for managing the defect area are recorded. An information recording apparatus for recording information on an information recording medium comprising an area,
The defect management information includes a plurality of DFL entries, and each DFL entry includes defect position information indicating the position of the defect area, replacement position information indicating the position of the replacement area, and a defect indicating an attribute of the DFL entry. Including fields to store state information,
Upon receipt of an instruction to execute physical reformatting of the information recording medium, at least the defect position information is maintained regardless of whether or not the defect is eliminated in each DFL entry performing defect management, while the defect state information is An information recording apparatus comprising: an initialization processing unit that rewrites an attribute indicating that no significant user data exists in any of the defect area and the replacement area.   The information recording apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the initialization processing unit receives an execution instruction of physical reformatting of the information recording medium, the replacement position information in the DFL entry is erased.   In the period when there is no operation command from the host controller, the defective area indicated by the DFL entry having an attribute indicating that physical reformatting has been performed is inspected, and if the defect in the area is resolved, the DFL entry is invalidated The information recording apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: an inspection processing unit that assigns a replacement area to the area if a defect in the area is confirmed.

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