JP4556403B2 - Display body manufacturing method, display body and electronic device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a display body such as an information display element using a capsule containing an information display element and the like, in particular, an electrophoretic material, liquid crystal, and the like, a display body, and an electronic device.

  When a suspension in which fine particles are dispersed in a liquid is sandwiched between two electrodes and a voltage (electric field) is applied between the electrodes, the fine particles move in accordance with the direction of the electric field. This is an electrophoretic phenomenon that occurs when fine particles are charged in a liquid. If the dispersion medium (liquid) is colored at this time, the color of the microparticles can be seen when the microparticles migrate to the “viewing side”. Observed. An electrophoretic display element is used as a display element by utilizing the difference in color. Instead of coloring the dispersion medium, the same function can be obtained by dispersing fine particles of two different colors and controlling the charge of each fine particle with a positive / negative sign.

When this dispersion is sandwiched between two electrodes, it is necessary to confine the dispersion in a fine cell-like region divided by the partition walls so that the fine particles in the suspension are not biased to a part of the surface. . In order to form the cellular region, two broad methods have been proposed.
The first is a partition wall formation method, which forms a partition wall on a substrate with electrodes by photolithography or molding, and subsequently injects a dispersion into a cellular region partitioned by the partition wall. Then, the lid is covered to form an electrode. The second (the other) is a microcapsule method, in which a microcapsule containing a dispersion liquid is synthesized in advance, and this microcapsule is arranged and coated on a substrate with electrodes (see FIG. For example, see Patent Document 1). The advantage of the microcapsule method is that once a microcapsule is synthesized, an element having a large area can be easily produced at a low cost by applying it.
The diameter of the microcapsule is about 20 to 200 μm, and in order to make the assembly of microcapsules fluid, a solvent or a material mixed with water is applied onto the substrate, so that the microcapsule is applied onto the substrate. Arrange. In addition to a solvent or water, a resin or a monomer can be mixed and applied for the purpose of adhering the microcapsule to the substrate.

  However, when the microcapsules are applied, it is difficult to precisely control the application region of the microcapsules because the microcapsule aggregate is mechanically spread over the entire substrate. For example, it is not necessary to apply the microcapsule outside the display area frame of the display element. Rather, it is desirable that the microcapsule is not applied from the viewpoint of interconnection and element sealing. However, it has been difficult to precisely control the coating / non-coating region by the method of spreading a fluid microcapsule assembly on a substrate with a roller or a squeegee.

  Moreover, in order to produce an electrophoretic display element that enables color display, it is necessary to arrange electrophoretic materials having different colors in a tile shape. In order to realize this with a microcapsule electrophoretic material, it is necessary to coat a fine pattern more precisely. As described above, since even a simple and large pattern is difficult, it is extremely difficult to fabricate a color electrophoretic element by separately coating multicolor microcapsules.

JP-A-1-86116

  The objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of a display body, a display body, and an electronic device which can selectively provide the capsule which includes the fluid for a display on a display electrode accurately.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, a capsule (microcapsule) enclosing a display fluid (display medium), a display body substrate having a display body electrode, and a counter electrode are disposed in a deposition medium liquid. Then, a voltage is applied between the display electrode and the counter electrode so that the capsule moves in the display electrode direction and adheres to the display electrode.
As a result, capsules (microcapsules) can be selectively deposited only on the display electrode, thereby enabling precise and fine patterning of the microcapsule layer easily.
For this reason, it is advantageous for miniaturization of the device, and for example, sealing for improving reliability can be easily performed.

In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable to use a suspension in which at least one kind of particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium as the display fluid.
In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable to use a liquid crystal material as the display fluid.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable to vibrate the said display body board | substrate.

In the display body manufacturing method of the present invention, it is preferable to vibrate the deposition medium liquid in the vicinity of the display body substrate.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of the present invention, a detector for monitoring capsule deposition on the display body substrate is provided, and the detector detects that one capsule deposition layer is completed, and It is preferable to control the voltage between the counter electrodes.

The display body production method of the present invention, that the voltage after one layer completed is switched to zero volts have preferred.

The display body production method of the present invention, the capsule, after said exhausted had covered the entire display body electrodes, a migration applied voltage and reverse polarity voltage required for the capsule, preferably applied a certain time.
The display body production method of the present invention, the capsule, after the exhausted had covered the entire display body electrodes, remove the display body substrate from the deposition liquid medium, it is preferable to dry the deposited capsules.

In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the adhesive to the deposited capsule before, during or after drying.
In the method for manufacturing a display body according to the present invention, it is preferable that a counter substrate having a counter electrode for display is bonded onto the deposited capsule with the adhesive.
In the method for manufacturing a display body of the present invention, after a counter substrate having a display counter electrode is bonded onto the deposited capsule, a resin or an inorganic material is injected into a non-electrode region where the capsule is not deposited. It is preferable to solidify and dry.

In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said resin or an inorganic material is an adhesive agent.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of the present invention, it is preferable that the width of the non-electrode region where the capsule is not deposited is 3 mm or less.
In the display body manufacturing method of the present invention, a voltage is applied only to some of the display body electrodes provided on the display body substrate, each of which is electrically separated. It is preferable that the capsule is selectively attached to the partial display electrode.
Thereby, for example, a display body (display element) for precise color display can be easily manufactured using capsules (microcapsules).

In the display body manufacturing method of the present invention, a voltage is applied only to some of the display body electrodes provided on the display body substrate, each of which is electrically separated. , By selectively repeating the step of attaching the capsules to the partial display electrodes, by changing the type of capsules and the display electrodes to which the voltage is applied, separately two or more different capsules, It is preferable to deposit on another display electrode.
Thereby, for example, a display body (display element) for precise color display can be easily manufactured using capsules (microcapsules).

In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable that the different capsules are capsules having different display colors.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said display color contains at least blue, green, red, and white.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said dispersion medium is colored with dye or a pigment.

In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable to use two or more kinds of particles having different colors as the particles.
In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, as the particles, at least inorganic particles, and resin particles that are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles; Is preferably used.

In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said inorganic particle contains the particle | grains mainly comprised by titania.
In the method for producing a display body of the present invention, it is preferable to use a water-soluble polymer as the capsule wall material.
In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said water-soluble polymer contains gelatin or gum arabic.

In the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, it is preferable that the said water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
The display body production method of the present invention, the deposition medium liquid is preferably not hydrated the display fluid and mixed.
The display body production method of the present invention, the deposition medium solution composed mainly of water, preferably wherein the display fluid is not hydrated and mixed.
In the display body manufacturing method of the present invention, it is preferable that the deposition medium liquid is mainly composed of water, and the dispersion medium of the display fluid is an organic solvent that is substantially immiscible with water.

A display body of the present invention is a display body comprising a display body substrate having a display body electrode, and a capsule provided on the display body substrate and containing a display fluid.
In the capsule, the capsule, the display substrate, and a counter electrode are arranged in a deposition medium liquid, and a voltage is applied between the display electrode and the counter electrode, and the capsule is It is characterized in that it migrates in the direction of the display body electrode and is deposited on the display body electrode.
Thereby, the display body which is low-cost and excellent in display performance can be provided.
The electronic device of the present invention includes the display body of the present invention.
Thereby, it is possible to provide an electronic device having a display body with excellent display performance at low cost.

Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of a display body of the present invention, a display body, and electronic equipment are explained in detail based on a suitable embodiment shown in an accompanying drawing.
<First Embodiment>
First, the first embodiment of the display body of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof (the first embodiment of the manufacturing method) will be described. Here, the display body of the present invention is typically represented by an electrophoretic display device (electrophoretic display). The case where it is applied to the body will be described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing a display body according to the present invention, and shows a method for selectively depositing microcapsules on a display body electrode, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the principle in the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 3B, the display body 20 includes a display body substrate 101 having a display body electrode 102 and a counter body having a display body counter electrode (display counter electrode) 302 facing the display body electrode 102. A plurality of microcapsules that are disposed between the substrate 301 and the display electrode 102 of the display substrate 101 and the counter electrode 302 of the counter substrate 301 and contain the suspension 44 as a display fluid (display medium). (Capsule) 103.

Each of the display substrate 101 and the counter substrate 301 is configured by a sheet-like (flat plate) member, and has a function of supporting and protecting each member disposed between them.
The display substrate 101 and the counter substrate 301 may be either flexible or hard, but are preferably flexible. By using the flexible display body substrate 101 and the counter substrate 301, a flexible display body 20, that is, for example, a display body 20 useful in constructing electronic paper can be obtained.
Note that the counter substrate 301 can be omitted, and an electrode corresponding to the counter electrode 302 can be provided along with the display electrode 102 on the display substrate 101 side.
Needless to say, the shape, size, number, position on the substrate, and the like of the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 302 are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the microcapsule 103, a suspension 44 in which one or more kinds of fine particles (particles) 42 are dispersed (suspended) in a dispersion medium 43 is confined (encapsulated) in the capsule body 41. )It is configured. In order to synthesize the microcapsule 103, a known microencapsulation technique can be used as described later.
The constituent material of the capsule body 41 (wall material of the microcapsule 103) is not particularly limited. For example, urethane, melamine, polyvinyl alcohol, urea formalin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), gelatin, gum arabic, gelatin and gum arabic The composite material etc. are mentioned, Among these, it can be used combining 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.

Here, the constituent material of the capsule body 41 is preferably a water-soluble polymer, and the water-soluble polymer preferably includes gelatin or gum arabic. The water-soluble polymer is preferably polyvinyl alcohol.
Such microcapsules 103 are preferably substantially uniform in size. Thereby, the display body 20 can exhibit more excellent display performance.
The microcapsules 103 having a uniform size can be obtained by using, for example, a filtration method, a specific gravity difference class method, or the like.
The average particle size of the microcapsules 103 is preferably about 20 to 200 μm, and more preferably about 30 to 150 μm.

The microcapsules 103 are disposed as a single layer (one by one without overlapping in the thickness direction) between the display substrate 101 and the counter substrate 301 so as to be parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. The electrode 302 is in contact.
Of the display body substrate 101, the counter substrate 301, the display body electrode 102, and the counter electrode 302, the substrate and the electrode disposed on the display surface side (viewing side) each have a light-transmitting property, that is, preferably Is substantially transparent (colorless transparent, colored transparent or translucent). Thereby, the state of the fine particles in the suspension, that is, the information (image) displayed on the display body 20 can be easily recognized visually.

In such a display body 20, when a voltage is applied between the display body electrode 102 and the counter electrode 302, the fine particles 42 in the microcapsule 103 are directed toward one of the electrodes according to the electric field generated therebetween. Electrophoresis (move).
For example, in the case where the lower side in FIG. 3 is the display surface side and the particles 42 having a positive charge are used and the counter electrode 302 is set to a positive potential, the particles 42 are moved and gathered toward the display electrode 102 side. For this reason, when the display body 20 is seen from the lower side (display surface side) in FIG. 3, the color of the fine particles 42 can be seen.

On the contrary, when the counter electrode 302 is set to a negative potential, the fine particles 42 move to the counter electrode 302 side and gather. Therefore, when the display body 20 is viewed from the lower side (display surface side) in FIG. 3, the color of the dispersion medium 43 can be seen.
Accordingly, the physical properties (for example, color, positive / negative, charge amount) of the fine particles 42, the polarity of the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 302, the potential difference (voltage) between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 302, and the like are appropriately set. Thus, desired information (image) is displayed on the display surface side of the display body 20 by a combination of the color of the fine particles 42 and the color of the dispersion medium 43.

Next, a method for manufacturing the display body 20 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the microcapsule 103 is supplied so as to float in the deposition medium liquid 106 stored in the deposition tank (coating tank) 105. A stirrer, a microcapsule supply port, and the like can be provided in the deposition tank 105 so that the microcapsules 103 float uniformly.

Further, the display substrate 101 on which the display electrode 102 is formed in advance is immersed in a deposition medium liquid (deposition medium liquid) 106.
As the deposition medium liquid 106, it is preferable to use a liquid that does not substantially mix (dissolve) with the suspension (display fluid) 44.
In this case, as the deposition medium liquid 106, for example, water or the like mainly containing water is used, and as the suspension (display fluid) 44, a liquid that is substantially immiscible with water is used. preferable. That is, it is preferable to use, for example, an organic solvent that is substantially immiscible with water as the dispersion medium 43 in the suspension 44.

  Similarly, the deposition counter electrode (deposition counter electrode) 104 (different from the display counter electrode 302) is immersed in the deposition medium liquid 106. In this case, it is preferable to arrange the display body electrode 102 of the display body substrate 101 and the counter electrode 104 so that they face each other and are substantially parallel to each other. A voltage is applied between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 by the voltage generator 107. This creates an electric field. Hereinafter, applying a voltage between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 to generate an electric field is also simply referred to as “application of an electric field”.

  The microcapsule 103 (capsule body 41) is generally charged when suspended in the deposition medium liquid 106. Charging is caused by causes such as ion adsorption, generation of surface dipoles, and charge transfer at the interface. In order to control the charged state, the kind of the deposition medium liquid 106 can be selected. It is also effective to add a surfactant, a charge control agent, etc. to the deposition medium liquid 106. The polarity (positive / negative) during charging of the microcapsule 103 is determined by the combination of the constituent material of the capsule body 41 and the deposition medium liquid 106, the type of the charge control agent, and the like. By selection, the polarity at the time of charging of the microcapsule 103 can be arbitrarily set. In particular, when the deposition medium liquid 106 uses a polar solvent typified by water, the charge amount is large and the control is stabilized.

  When an electric field generated by applying a voltage between the display body electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 acts on the charged microcapsule 103, the microcapsule 103 is changed according to the polarity of the charging of the microcapsule 103 and the direction of the electric field. It moves (moves) in the deposition medium liquid 106. In this case, the direction of the electric field is set so that the microcapsule 103 migrates toward the display body electrode 102.

In this way, when the direction of the electric field is selected so that the microcapsule 103 migrates toward the display body electrode 102 and the electric field is continuously applied, the microcapsule 103 reaches the display body electrode 102 and reaches there. Adhere (electrodeposit).
The microcapsule 103 adheres on the display body electrode 102 but does not adhere to the area of the display body substrate 101 where the display body electrode 102 is absent. This is because an electric field for migrating and attaching the microcapsules 103 is not acting there.

In addition, the microcapsule 103 moves so as to avoid the microcapsule 103 already attached on the display electrode 102 and adheres on the display electrode 102 so as to fill (complement) the gap of the microcapsule 103. . This is because the microcapsules 103 are charged to the same polarity and repel each other.
In this way, the microcapsules 103 can be deposited (arranged) only on the display electrode 102 on the display substrate 101. In this case, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of microcapsules 103 one by one (in a single layer) on the display electrode 102 so as to have a high density and not overlap in the thickness direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, for example, when the microcapsule 103 is positively charged (charged), the negative ions in the deposition medium liquid 106 gather near the microcapsule 103, and as a whole, It is kept in a neutral state.
In this case, a voltage is applied between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 by the voltage generator 107 so that the display electrode 102 is a cathode and the counter electrode 104 is an anode. Thereby, an electric field is generated from the counter electrode 104 side toward the display body electrode 102 side, and this electric field acts on the positively charged microcapsule 103, and the microcapsule 103 is directed toward the display body electrode 102. It migrates and adheres to the display electrode 102.
Note that when the microcapsule 103 is negatively charged, a voltage having a polarity opposite to that described above is applied between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 so that the direction of the electric field is opposite to that described above.

  Here, when the electric field is continuously applied, the microcapsules 103 continue to be deposited on the display electrode 102. However, it is desirable that the microcapsules 103 are arranged on the display electrode 102 in an orderly manner by one layer. When two or more layers of the microcapsules 103 are deposited, when a voltage is applied between the counter electrode 302 for the display body (different from the counter electrode 104 for deposition) and the display body electrode 102, an electric field acting on the microcapsule 103 is generated. This is because the display speed and contrast are reduced.

  In order to avoid the multilayering of the microcapsules 103, vibration is applied to the display substrate 101 (display body electrode 102), or vibration is applied to the deposition medium liquid 106 around (near) the display substrate 101. It is useful to do either or both. Even in the case of multilayering locally, rearrangement into one layer occurs with the help of such vibration. Then, when one layer is completed, a desired arrangement of microcapsules 103 can be obtained by terminating the electric field application (voltage application).

  In order to determine the end timing of the electric field application (detect the end of the electric field application), it is desirable to arrange a detector that monitors the display electrode 102 (monitors the deposition of the microcapsules 103). When this detector detects that one layer of the microcapsule 103 has been completed (based on the detection result from the detector), the application of the electric field is terminated (between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104). Switch the voltage to 0V). In this case, not only the application of the electric field is terminated, but also the detector detects that one deposition layer of the microcapsule 103 is completed, and the electric field, that is, the voltage between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 is detected. It can also be controlled as desired.

  The detector is not particularly limited, and for example, a light receiving element (photoelectric conversion element) that optically monitors the display electrode 102 can be used. With this light receiving element, reflected light from the display electrode 102 is received, and when the amount of received light (reflectance at a portion corresponding to the display electrode 102) is saturated, one deposition layer of the microcapsule 103 is completed. It is determined as a thing. Alternatively, it is also effective to determine the completion of one layer by detecting light transmitted by irradiating light from the back side of the display substrate 101. Since the microcapsule 103 includes a dispersion medium colored with a dye or an opaque pigment, the microcapsule 103 does not transmit light. The transmitted light decreases with the deposition of the microcapsules 103 and is substantially shielded when it is further completed. Since it is not completely shielded from light, it is necessary to set a certain threshold value.

  In order to prevent the microcapsules 103 from being multi-layered, it is also effective to adjust the supply amount (supply number) of the microcapsules 103 into the deposition medium liquid 106. The number of microcapsules 103 that is sufficient and necessary to obtain one layer of the microcapsules 103 (the number of microcapsules 103 that is substantially sufficient and necessary to cover the entire display electrode 102) is the display electrode. It can be estimated by dividing the area of 102 by the average cross-sectional area of the microcapsule 103. If the number is supplied every time the microcapsules 103 are deposited on the display electrode 102, an amount of microcapsules 103 that is not excessive or insufficient is arranged on the display electrode 102. Of course, the above-mentioned rough estimate only indicates an approximate number, and it is preferable to optimize the supply amount of the microcapsules 103 with an actual apparatus.

Furthermore, in order to prevent the microcapsules 103 from being multilayered, it is also effective to control the electric field (controlling the voltage between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104). The first layer microcapsule 103 is closest to the display electrode 102, and the second and subsequent layers are further away from it. Therefore, the first-layer microcapsule 103 is the strongest and adheres to the display electrode 102. Therefore, after deposition of the microcapsule 103 (after the microcapsule 103 substantially covers the entire display electrode 102), an electric field opposite to the electric field used for deposition is applied for a predetermined time (fixed time) ( When a voltage having a polarity opposite to the applied voltage necessary for the migration of the microcapsule 103 is applied between the display electrode 102 and the counter electrode 104 for a predetermined time), the second and subsequent microcapsules 103 having a low adhesion force are displayed. Detach from the body electrode 102. By adjusting the magnitude of the electric field (voltage) and the application time, the multilayered microcapsule array can be improved to one layer.
Any two or more of the plurality of methods for preventing the multi-layering may be used.

  In this way, the microcapsule 103 substantially covers the entire display electrode 102, and the display substrate 101 on which the deposition of the microcapsule 103 has been completed is pulled up from the deposition medium liquid 106. Then, the display substrate 101 (microcapsule 103) is dried. As the microcapsules 103 have a flexibility, the microcapsules 103 that are spherical as a result of the drying naturally flatten. Adjacent microcapsules 103 are in close contact with each other. However, in this state, since the microcapsules 103 are only physically adsorbed, it is effective to infiltrate the adhesive when stronger adhesion is required. Then, the display body (device) 20 is completed by providing the counter electrode 302 for the display body on the deposited microcapsules 103. In order to manufacture the counter electrode 302 for the display body, a method of applying a conductive paste on the microcapsule 103 or bonding (bonding) the counter substrate 301 including the counter electrode 302 with an adhesive or the like is used. be able to.

When the display substrate 101 and the above-described counter substrate 301 are bonded together, an adhesive can be placed on the surface of the microcapsule or on the microcapsule and bonded together. In this case, a region without an electrode (non-electrode region where the microcapsule 103 is not deposited) is a gap between the substrates. By injecting a resin, an inorganic material, or both a resin and an inorganic material, and solidifying and drying the resin, the microcapsule 103 is cut off (sealed) from the outside air to improve reliability. be able to. Such a sealing method is particularly effective when the capsule body (microcapsule wall) 41 is made of a highly hygroscopic material such as gelatin or gum arabic. Adhesives can also be used as the resin and the inorganic material, respectively.
The above-described supply (application) of the adhesive is performed before, during, or after the display substrate 101 (microcapsule 103) is dried.

When the display substrate 101 and the above-described counter substrate 301 are bonded together, it is also possible to inject and bond the adhesive into a region without an electrode without applying an adhesive on the surface of the microcapsule or on the microcapsule. It is. Hereinafter, this example will be described with reference to FIG.
When the display substrate 101 and the above-described counter substrate 301 are bonded together, first, the counter substrate 301 is opposed to the display substrate 101 as shown in FIG. That is, the counter substrate 301 and the display substrate 101 are overlapped so that the counter electrode 302 of the counter substrate 301 faces the microcapsule 103. Then, an uncured ultraviolet curable resin (ultraviolet curable resin) is formed over the entire circumference in a region where there is no electrode between the substrates, that is, in a region where the counter electrode 302, the display electrode 102 and the microcapsule 103 are not present in the outer peripheral portion. 304 is injected (supplied).

Next, the ultraviolet curable resin 304 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays for a predetermined time to cure the ultraviolet curable resin 304. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3B, the cured ultraviolet curable resin 305 serves as an adhesive, and the display substrate 101 and the counter substrate 301 are bonded together, whereby the display body 20 is obtained.
In addition, sealing is performed by the cured ultraviolet curable resin 305, whereby the microcapsule 103 is shielded from the outside air and reliability and durability are improved.

  Here, the width of the region without the electrode (non-electrode region where the microcapsule 103 is not deposited) can be 3 mm or less. That is, the microcapsule 103 can be deposited only on the display electrode 102 even if the width of the region without the electrode is 3 mm or less. As a result, the size of the non-display area can be minimized, which is effective in reducing the size of the entire device. Also, for example, by optimizing the deposition conditions (voltage, time, microcapsule amount, etc.), the width of the region without electrodes can be made 1 millimeter or less.

Specific examples will be described below.
For example, 100 nm of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) and 100 nm of a thin film of indium tin oxide (ITO) are deposited on polyethylene terephthalate as a plastic substrate (display substrate 101). SiO ₂ is a barrier layer that prevents oxygen and moisture from permeating through the plastic substrate. Therefore, the SiO ₂ layer is formed so as to cover the entire substrate. ITO (display body electrode 102) is a transparent electrode. ITO is patterned by photolithography.

  This substrate was immersed in water in which microcapsules were dispersed, and when a voltage of 5 V to 150 V was applied between the counter electrode for deposition made of aluminum and ITO, the microcapsules migrated toward ITO. . The speed of migration was dependent on the voltage. In order to prevent the microcapsules from floating, the water was gently stirred. The microcapsules that arrived at the ITO electrode remained in the vicinity of the arrival point and adhered thereto. The microcapsules that arrived at the ITO electrode later moved so as to fill in the space between the microcapsules already adhered on the ITO, and then adhered on the ITO (substrate).

After a certain period of time, the ITO electrode surface was covered with microcapsules, and the substrate was pulled up from the water and dried.
After drying, a substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate having the same structure as above as a counter substrate for a display body is attached on a microcapsule using a water-soluble acrylic emulsion adhesive, and then annealed at 80 ° C. to dry. I let you. Further, an ultraviolet curable resin was infiltrated into a region without ITO and microcapsules on the outer peripheral portion of the device, and then cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.
In place of the water-soluble acrylic emulsion adhesive described above, a method in which an ultraviolet curable resin is applied to the entire surface, the substrates are bonded to each other, and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays is also effective.

  By the way, the microcapsule 103 is synthesized as follows. The suspension is added to an immiscible liquid (medium liquid) and stirred to produce suspension droplets in the medium liquid. A polymer thin film can be synthesized at the interface between the suspension droplet and the medium liquid by interfacial polymerization or in situ polymerization. By this method, the liquid droplets of the suspension can be covered and confined with a polymer thin film such as urethane, melamine, polyvinyl alcohol, urea formalin, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). In addition, when the medium liquid is water, gelatin, gelatin gum arabic, etc. are dissolved in the medium liquid, and the phase separation phenomenon (coacervation) causes a high concentration at the interface between the suspension droplets and the medium liquid. Molecular thin films can also be obtained.

  Here, an example in which a suspension is sealed in a microcapsule has been described. However, a microcapsule for liquid crystal display can be obtained by inserting a liquid crystalline material (for example, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal or the like). That is, the microcapsule (capsule) in the present invention is not limited to the one containing the suspension, and includes a display fluid (display medium) such as one containing a liquid crystal material and can be charged. Any capsule may be used as long as it is a capsule.

As described above, according to the method for manufacturing the display body 20 of the present embodiment, the plurality of microcapsules 103 can be selectively provided (deposited) only on the display body electrode 102 easily, quickly and reliably. it can. Thereby, precise and fine patterning of the layer by the microcapsule 103 can be easily and reliably performed.
For this reason, it is advantageous for miniaturization of the display body 20, and for example, processing such as sealing for improving reliability and durability can be easily performed.
In addition, a plurality of microcapsules 103 can be easily and reliably disposed on the display electrode 102 one by one (in a single layer) at a high density so that the microcapsules 103 do not overlap in the thickness direction. it can. Thereby, it is possible to provide the display body 20 having high contrast and excellent display performance.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of the display body of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof (second embodiment of the manufacturing method) will be described. FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the display body manufacturing method of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a method for selectively depositing microcapsules only on a part of electrodes of an electrode group in order to produce a display body capable of color display. In FIG. 4, the deposition tank 105 shown in FIG. 1 is not shown.

Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with a focus on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.
In the first embodiment described above, the method of selectively depositing one type of microcapsule only on the display electrode 102 on the display substrate 101 has been described. In contrast, in the second embodiment, a method of depositing two or more types of microcapsules so as to be selectively distributed on different electrodes will be described.

  When one type of microcapsule is used for display, the display is monochromatic. One method for colorizing this is to pattern two or more types, typically three or more types of microcapsules capable of displaying different colors on a specific electrode. For example, red and white, green and white, and blue and white switching microcapsules (three types of microcapsules) are respectively used as a red display electrode (display body electrode) and a green display electrode (display body electrode). If it is arranged on the blue display electrode (display electrode), color display is possible. Since this selective arrangement / patterning generally requires a resolution of 1 mm or less, it is extremely difficult by the conventional method, and it can be said that the effectiveness of the present invention is shown most remarkably.

  FIG. 4 shows a method of manufacturing a display body capable of such color display. As shown in the figure, on the display substrate 101, a red display electrode (display electrode) 201a, a green display electrode (display electrode) 201b, and a blue display electrode (display electrode) 201c are mutually connected. It is patterned (provided) so as to be electrically separated. Here, an example of patterning in a stripe shape is shown, but the shape is not limited to this.

  FIG. 4 shows a state in which blue-white microcapsules 202 that can be switched between blue and white (display color switching) are deposited on the blue display electrode 201c. The electric field is applied between the blue display electrode 201c and the counter electrode 104, and is in the vicinity of the other electrodes, that is, the red display electrode 201a and the green display electrode 201b (between the red display electrode 201a and the counter electrode 104). In addition, an effective electric field does not act between the green display electrode 201b and the counter electrode 104). This is because only the blue display electrode 201 c is selected by the electrode switch 203 and a voltage is applied only between the blue display electrode 201 c and the counter electrode 104.

As shown in FIG. 4, first, the blue / white microcapsules 202 are supplied (introduced) so as to float in the deposition medium liquid 106 stored in the deposition tank 105 (omitted in FIG. 4). Then, only the blue display electrode 201c is selected by the electrode switch 203, and an electric field is generated by applying a voltage only between the blue display electrode 201c and the counter electrode 104.
The blue and white microcapsules 202 floating in the deposition medium liquid 106 act on the electric field between the blue display electrode 201c and the counter electrode 104, and are attracted to the blue display electrode 201c. Eventually, the blue-white microcapsule 202 selectively adheres (deposits) to the blue display electrode 201c, and the layer (deposition layer) of the blue-white microcapsule 202 is formed only on the blue display electrode 201c.

  Following this, the blue-white microcapsules 202 are removed from the deposition medium liquid 106, and this time, green-white microcapsules (not shown) that can be switched between green and white (display color switching) are deposited. Into the working medium liquid 106. Then, only the green display electrode 201b is selected by the electrode switcher 203, and a voltage is applied only between the green display electrode 201b and the counter electrode 104 to generate an electric field.

The green and white microcapsules floating in the deposition medium liquid 106 act on the electric field between the green display electrode 201b and the counter electrode 104, and are drawn to the green display electrode 201b. Eventually, the green-white microcapsules selectively adhere (deposit) to the green display electrode 201b, and a layer of green-white microcapsules (deposition layer) is formed only on the green display electrode 201b.
Subsequently, as described above, red-white microcapsules (not shown) capable of switching between red and white (switching display color) are selectively attached (deposited) on the red display electrode 201a. The layer of red and white microcapsules (deposition layer) is formed only on the red display electrode 201a.

  As described above, by repeating the process of selectively attaching the microcapsules to some of the display electrodes, by changing the type of microcapsules and the display electrodes to which the voltage is applied, various types (in this embodiment, Three types of microcapsules are respectively deposited on the corresponding display electrodes. That is, by repeating selective deposition of many types (three types in the present embodiment) of microcapsules on the corresponding display electrode (other steps are the same as those in the first embodiment), color display can be performed. A possible display 20 is produced.

  When switching to a different type of microcapsule, it is effective for stable patterning to lift the display substrate 101 out of the deposition medium liquid 106 and dry and fix the deposited microcapsule. . In addition to drying, as described above, it is more effective to infiltrate an adhesive component (adhesive) and firmly adhere the deposited microcapsules onto the display electrode.

Specific examples will be described below.
For example, as a plastic substrate (display substrate 101), 100 nm of aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and 100 nm of a thin film of indium tin oxide (ITO) are deposited on polyethylene naphthalate. Al ₂ O ₃ is a barrier layer that prevents oxygen and moisture from permeating through the plastic substrate. Therefore, the Al ₂ O ₃ layer is formed so as to cover the entire substrate. ITO (display electrode) is a transparent electrode. ITO is patterned into a plurality of stripes by photolithography.

  This substrate is immersed in water in which blue and white microcapsules that can be switched between blue and white (display color switching) are dispersed, and a voltage is applied between the counter electrode for deposition made of platinum and the ITO electrode. When 5 V to 150 V was applied, the blue-white microcapsules migrated toward the ITO electrode. At this time, only the electrode for performing blue display was selected from the plurality of ITO electrodes, and the voltage was applied. In order to prevent the blue and white microcapsules from floating, water was gently stirred. The blue and white microcapsules that arrived at the ITO electrode remained in the vicinity of the arrival point and adhered thereto. After a certain time, the selected ITO electrode surface was covered with blue and white microcapsules.

  Next, the blue-white microcapsules were removed from the water, and red-white microcapsules that can be switched between red and white (display color switching) were dispersed in water. Then, the connection was changed to voltage application, and only the ITO electrode for red display was selected and the voltage was applied in the same manner as described above. The red and white microcapsules migrated toward the ITO electrode, and the red and white microcapsules that arrived at the ITO electrode remained near the arrival point and adhered thereto. After a certain time, the selected ITO electrode surface was covered with red and white microcapsules.

  Next, the red-white microcapsules were removed from the water, and instead, green-white microcapsules capable of switching between green and white (switching of display colors) were dispersed in water. Then, instead of connection for voltage application, only the ITO electrode for green display was selected and the voltage was applied in the same manner as described above. The green and white microcapsules migrated toward the ITO electrode, and the green and white microcapsules that arrived at the ITO electrode remained in the vicinity of the arrival point and adhered thereto. After a certain time, the selected ITO electrode surface was covered with green and white microcapsules. Then, the entire substrate was pulled up from the water and dried.

  After drying, prepare a substrate made of polyethylene naphthalate on which an active matrix driving element in which a thin film transistor is connected to a plurality of pixels, which can be driven in an active matrix as a counter substrate for a display body, is prepared. The substrate and a display substrate having dried microcapsules were bonded to each other. At this time, the substrate with microcapsules and the substrate with active matrix driving elements are arranged so that the microcapsules of the target display color and the pixel electrodes in the active matrix driving elements (counter electrodes for display bodies) match. Aligned. At the time of bonding, an ultraviolet curable resin was applied to the entire surface, the substrates were bonded together, and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.

By the way, in this embodiment, it demonstrated using the microcapsule corresponding to a several different color display. Such microcapsules can be easily obtained by coloring the dispersion medium 43 with dyes or pigments of different colors. Further, by using pigments of different colors as the fine particles 42, various colors can be dealt with.
Note that the configuration of the microcapsules is not limited to that described above.
In this case, examples of the microcapsule include those using two kinds of fine particles having different colors (hue) and charging polarities as the fine particles 42. Further, as the fine particles 42, three or more types of fine particles having different colors may be used.

Here, among the particles using two or more kinds of fine particles having different colors as the fine particles 42, the fine particles 42 are colored with inorganic particles and a color different from the color of the inorganic particles, and the charged polarity of the inorganic particles It is preferable to include resin particles having opposite charging polarities.
By using a combination of inorganic particles and resin particles as the fine particles 42, aggregation of the fine particles 42 can be prevented.

In the present embodiment, as the fine particles 42, two types of white inorganic particles and colored resin particles are used.
As the inorganic particles and the resin particles, any particles can be used as long as they are charged and can be electrophoresed in the dispersion medium 43 by the action of an electric field, and are not particularly limited.

Examples of inorganic particles include titanium oxide (titania: TiO ₂ ), bitumen, ultramarine blue, phthalocyanine blue, chrome yellow, cadmium yellow, lithopone, molybdate orange, first yellow, benzimidazoline yellow, flavans yellow, naphthol yellow, and benz. Pigments such as imidazolone orange, perinone orange, bengara, cadmium red, madder lake, naphthol red, dioxazine violet, phthalocyanine blue, alkali blue, cerulean blue, emerald green, phthalocyanine green, pigment green, cobalt green, aniline black, In addition, various compounds such as zinc white, barium sulfate, chromium oxide, calcium carbonate, gypsum, lead white, carbon black and iron black can be used. Can.

Among these, the inorganic particles are preferably composed mainly of titanium oxide. Such inorganic particles mainly composed of titanium oxide are preferable because they have high whiteness and particularly low cohesiveness with resin particles.
Moreover, it is preferable that the inorganic particle is subjected to a treatment for improving the dispersibility with respect to the dispersion medium 43 on the surface thereof. Thereby, the dispersibility of the inorganic particles in the dispersion medium 43 is improved, and as a result, aggregation with the resin particles can be more reliably prevented.

As the surface treatment of such inorganic particles, a treatment with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent is suitable.
In particular, as the surface treatment agent, a titanate coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., “KR TTS”) and an aluminum coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., “AL-M”) are preferable.

On the other hand, as the resin particles, for example, particles obtained by an emulsion polymerization method or the like can be used.
Examples of the resin material constituting the resin particles include acrylic resins, urethane resins, urea resins, epoxy resins, melamine resins, polystyrene, polyester, divinylbenzene, and the like. Two or more kinds can be used in combination.
Among these, as a resin material which comprises resin particles, what has an acrylic resin as a main component is preferable. By constituting the resin particles mainly with an acrylic resin, aggregation with inorganic particles can be more reliably prevented.

In addition, the resin preferably has a polar group such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or a carboxyl group in its molecular structure. By introducing such a polar group, the polar group is introduced into the molecular structure of the resin and insolubilized in the solvent. As a result, the resistance of the resin particles to the dispersion medium 43 can be improved.
From this point of view, the polar group is preferably at least one of a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and particularly preferably an amino group.
In view of the above, the resin is preferably an acrylic resin having at least one of a hydroxyl group and an amino group as a polar group.

Such an acrylic resin can be obtained, for example, by copolymerizing an acrylic resin having a polar group and introducing the polar group into the acrylic resin. According to this method, an acrylic resin having a polar group can be obtained relatively easily and with a high yield.
The chargeability of the resin particles in the dispersion medium 43 can be adjusted by appropriately setting the introduction amount of the polar group.

The resin particles are colored in any one of red, green, blue and black by mixing pigments such as dyes and pigments. Thereby, in the display body 20, the color of an inorganic particle, the color of a resin particle, and these mixed colors are displayable.
It is preferable that the average particle diameter of such inorganic particles and the average particle diameter of the resin particles satisfy the following relationship.

That is, when the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is A [μm] and the average particle diameter of the resin particles is B [μm], it is preferable that B / A satisfies the relationship of 1.5 to 200, It is more preferable to satisfy the relationship of 50. Thereby, aggregation of an inorganic particle and a resin particle can be prevented effectively, maintaining the dispersibility in the dispersion medium 43 of an inorganic particle and a resin particle suitably.
Specifically, the average particle diameter B of the resin particles is preferably about 0.5 to 20 μm, and more preferably about 2 to 10 μm. By making the average particle diameter B of the resin particles in the above range, the above effects are more suitably exhibited, and effects such as prevention of the display body 20 from being made thick and prevention of reduction in manufacturing efficiency are exhibited.

In addition, when the surface treatment (adsorption of the surfactant to the surface of the inorganic particles) is performed on the inorganic particles with the surfactant, if the average particle size B of the resin particles is too small, As a result, the inorganic particles and the resin particles may be aggregated. However, even when the inorganic particles are surface-treated with a surfactant, the average particle size B of the inorganic particles is set to 0.5 μm or more (especially 2 μm or more), thereby effectively aggregating the inorganic particles and the resin particles. Can be prevented.
Also from this viewpoint, it is preferable to omit the surface treatment of the inorganic particles with the surfactant.

On the other hand, the average particle size A of the inorganic particles is preferably about 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably about 0.1 to 7.5 μm, and particularly about 0.2 to 0.3 μm. Is preferred.
The specific gravity of the inorganic particles and the resin particles is preferably set to be approximately equal to the specific gravity of the dispersion medium 43. Thereby, the inorganic particles and the resin particles can stay in a certain position in the dispersion medium 43 for a long time even after the application of the voltage between the electrodes of the display body 20 is stopped. That is, the information displayed on the display body 20 is held for a long time.
Note that the microcapsules having various configurations described in the second embodiment can also be used in the first embodiment described above.

As described above, according to the method for manufacturing the display body 20 of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
In the present embodiment, the display 20 for high-precision color display can be easily manufactured with high contrast and excellent display performance.
The display body 20 as described above can be incorporated into various electronic devices. Hereinafter, the electronic apparatus of the present invention including the display body 20 will be described.

<< Electronic Paper >>
First, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper will be described.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper.
An electronic paper 600 shown in FIG. 5 includes a main body 601 composed of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as paper, and a display unit 602.
In such electronic paper 600, the display unit 602 includes the display body 20 as described above.

<< Display >>
Next, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display. Among these, FIG. 6A is a sectional view and FIG. 6B is a plan view.
A display (display device) 800 shown in FIG. 6 includes a main body 801 and an electronic paper 600 that is detachably attached to the main body 801. The electronic paper 600 has the same configuration as described above, that is, the configuration shown in FIG.

  The main body 801 has an insertion port 805 into which the electronic paper 600 can be inserted on the side (right side in FIG. 6), and two pairs of conveying rollers 802a and 802b are provided inside. When the electronic paper 600 is inserted into the main body 801 through the insertion port 805, the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body 801 in a state of being sandwiched between the pair of conveyance rollers 802a and 802b.

  A rectangular hole 803 is formed on the display surface side of the main body 801 (the front side in FIG. 6B), and a transparent glass plate 804 is fitted in the hole 803. . Thereby, the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 can be viewed from the outside of the main body 801. That is, in the display 800, the display surface is configured by visually recognizing the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 on the transparent glass plate 804.

Further, a terminal portion 806 is provided at the leading end of the electronic paper 600 in the insertion direction (left side in FIG. 6A), and the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body 801 inside the main body 801. A socket 807 to which the terminal portion 806 is connected in the state is provided. A controller 808 and an operation unit 809 are electrically connected to the socket 807.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is detachably installed on the main body 801, and can be carried and used while being detached from the main body 801.
Moreover, in such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is comprised with the display body 20 as mentioned above.

  Note that the electronic apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the application to the above, and for example, a television, a viewfinder type, a monitor direct view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, a calculator, an electronic Examples include newspapers, word processors, personal computers, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, and devices equipped with touch panels. The display body 20 of the present invention can be applied to the display units of these various electronic devices. It is.

As described above, the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of each unit can be replaced with any configuration having the same function. . Moreover, other arbitrary structures and processes may be added to the present invention.
Further, the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above embodiments.

It is a figure for demonstrating 1st Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, Comprising: It shows about the method of depositing a microcapsule selectively on a display body electrode. It is a figure for demonstrating the principle in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating 2nd Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the display body of this invention, Comprising: In order to produce the display body which can perform a color display, a microcapsule is selective only to the one part electrode of an electrode group. Shows the method of deposition. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to electronic paper. It is a figure which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to a display.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Display body 41 ... Capsule main body 42 ... Fine particle 43 ... Dispersion medium 44 ... Suspension 101 ... Display body substrate 102 ... Display body electrode 103 ... Microcapsule 104 ... Deposition counter electrode 105 ... Deposition tank 106 ... Deposition medium Liquid 107 ... Voltage generator 201a ... Red display electrode 201b ... Green display electrode 201c ... Blue display electrode 202 ... Blue-white microcapsule 203 ... Electrode switch 301 ... Counter substrate 302 ... Counter electrode for display 303 ... Region 304 ... Uncured UV curable resin 305 ... Hardened UV curable resin 600 ... Electronic paper 601 ... Main body 602 ... Display unit 800 ... Display 801 ... Main body 802a, 802b ... Conveying roller pair 803 ... Hole 804 ... Transparent glass 805 ... Inserted Mouth 806 ... Terminal part 807 ... Socket G 808 ... Controller 809 ... Operation unit

Claims (29)

  A capsule containing a display fluid, a display substrate having a display electrode, and a counter electrode are disposed in the deposition medium liquid, and a voltage is applied between the display electrode and the counter electrode. Then, the capsule is moved in the direction of the display body electrode and adhered onto the display body electrode.   2. The display body manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a suspension in which at least one kind of particles is dispersed in a dispersion medium is used as the display fluid.   2. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, wherein a liquid crystal material is used as the display fluid.   4. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, wherein the display body substrate is vibrated.   4. A method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, wherein the deposition medium liquid in the vicinity of the display body substrate is vibrated.   4. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, further comprising a detector for monitoring capsule deposition on the display substrate, wherein the detector detects that one capsule deposition layer is completed. And the voltage between the said display body electrode and the said counter electrode is controlled, The manufacturing method of the display body characterized by the above-mentioned.   7. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 6, wherein the voltage after completion of one layer is switched to zero volts. The method of manufacturing a display according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the capsule after exhausted had covered the entire display body electrode, the applied voltage and reverse polarity voltage necessary for electrophoresis of the capsule, A method for producing a display body, wherein the display body is applied for a predetermined time. The method of manufacturing a display according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the capsule after exhausted had covered the entire display body electrodes, remove the display body substrate from the deposition medium solution was deposited A method for producing a display body, wherein the capsule is dried. 10. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 9 , wherein an adhesive is applied to the deposited capsule before, during or after drying. 11. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 10 , wherein a counter substrate having a display counter electrode is bonded onto the deposited capsule with the adhesive.   In the manufacturing method of the display object according to any one of claims 1 to 3, after pasting the counter substrate which has a counter electrode for display on the deposited capsule, in the non-electrode field where the capsule is not deposited, A method of manufacturing a display body, characterized by injecting a resin or an inorganic material, and solidifying and drying. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 12 , wherein the resin or the inorganic material is an adhesive.   4. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, wherein the width of the non-electrode region where the capsule is not deposited is 3 millimeters or less.   The display body manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a part of the plurality of display body electrodes provided on the display body substrate and electrically separated from each other. A method of manufacturing a display body, wherein a voltage is applied only to and the capsule is selectively attached to the partial display body electrode.   The display body manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein some of the plurality of display body electrodes provided on the display body substrate and electrically separated from each other. Only by applying a voltage and selectively attaching the capsules to the partial display electrodes by changing the type of capsules and the display electrodes to which the voltage is applied. A method of manufacturing a display body, comprising separately attaching different capsules on different display body electrodes. 17. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 16 , wherein the different capsules are capsules having different display colors. 18. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 17 , wherein the display color includes at least blue, green, red, and white.   3. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 2, wherein the dispersion medium is colored with a dye or a pigment.   3. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 2, wherein two or more kinds of particles having different colors are used as the particles.   3. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 2, wherein the particles are at least inorganic particles and are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles. A method for producing a display body, comprising using resin particles. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 21 , wherein the inorganic particles include particles mainly composed of titania.   4. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 1, wherein a water-soluble polymer is used as a wall material of the capsule. 24. The method of manufacturing a display body according to claim 23 , wherein the water-soluble polymer contains gelatin or gum arabic. The method for manufacturing a display body according to claim 23 , wherein the water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol. The method of manufacturing a display according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the manufacturing method of the display that the deposition liquid medium, characterized in that no hydrated the display fluid and mixed. In the manufacturing method of a display body according to claim 26, the manufacturing method of the display in which the deposition medium solution composed mainly of water, wherein the display fluid is not hydrated and mixed. A display body comprising a display body substrate having a display body electrode, and a capsule provided on the display body substrate and containing a display fluid,
In the capsule, the capsule, the display substrate, and a counter electrode are arranged in a deposition medium liquid, and a voltage is applied between the display electrode and the counter electrode, and the capsule is A display body, wherein the display body is moved in the direction of the display body electrode and attached to the display body electrode. An electronic apparatus comprising the display body according to claim 28 .

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