JP4554318B2 - Orthogonal gear pair design device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a design apparatus for a pair of orthogonal gears such as a hypoid gear and a bevel gear.

  Conventionally, the specification of a pair of orthogonal gears such as a hypoid gear, that is, a design method has already been established in, for example, a gear manual. However, although the above design method is theoretically established, it is difficult to say that the design method is in line with actual machining, and in particular, specification design that fully considers the movement of the cutter during gear formation is not performed.

For this reason, design apparatuses (design programs) are widely used in designing orthogonal gear pairs. For example, in Patent Document 1, in designing the tooth profile of a bevel gear, the final design parameters are determined by changing the drive-side pressure angle of the pinion by a program (Gleason program) provided by Gleason, a manufacturer of orthogonal gear processing machines. A technique for setting the origin is disclosed.
JP-A-9-32908

  By the way, in the design of a gear pair using this type of design device, various specifications are calculated based on predetermined basic specifications input by the user. Until it is obtained, the basic specifications are repeatedly re-input, and the obtained design specifications are repeatedly evaluated. In this case, in general, the presence or absence of interference between orthogonal gear pairs and the strength of teeth of each gear are evaluated based on design specifications obtained by calculation, etc., but in order to perform these evaluations, it is actually created. It is necessary to separately obtain tooth surface information such as a sectional view of a gear to be generated.

  However, the calculation method of the creation sectional view based on the design specifications has not yet been sufficiently established, and the user can create a new design specification by complicated drawing using a template etc. every time a new design specification is obtained. It was necessary to create a sectional view.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an orthogonal gear pair design device that can obtain tooth surface information of a gear that is actually created without complicated drawing or the like. To do.

The present invention provides apparatus for designing a quadrature gear pair for computing the design specifications of the orthogonal gear pair based on the basic specifications of the orthogonal gear pair and the cutter entered, the cutter is defined based on the design specifications Tooth surface information calculating means for calculating each generating point on the tooth surface of the gear that is actually created by the blade surface of the gear, and the tooth surface information calculating means includes a rolling circle of the gear and a rolling circle of the cutter. The point where the perpendicular of the blade surface passing through the contact point intersects the blade surface is calculated as the creation point.

  According to the orthogonal gear pair design apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to obtain tooth surface information of a gear that is actually created without complicated drawing or the like.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The drawings relate to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an orthogonal gear pair design device, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a computer system for realizing the orthogonal gear pair design device, and FIG. Is a flowchart of an orthogonal gear pair design routine, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a reference cone setting subroutine, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a specification input support subroutine, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a tooth surface information calculation subroutine, and FIG. FIGS. 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views of a hypoid gear meshing model, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a display example of an input screen of basic specifications, FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a display example of design specifications, FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a display example of a recommended value display screen, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the pinion cutter, and FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the pinion rolling circle and the gear rolling circle. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a creation point by a pinion cutter, FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing a display example of a tooth surface information display screen, and FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 are explanatory views showing display examples of a gear pair information display screen. It is.

  In FIG. 8, reference numeral 100 indicates an orthogonal gear pair, and in this embodiment, a hypoid gear is shown as an example of the orthogonal gear pair 100. Note that the orthogonal gear pair 100 shown in FIG. 8 includes a gradient gear with one gear (hereinafter also referred to as a pinion) 101P having a small diameter and the other gear (hereinafter also referred to as a gear) 101G having a large diameter. Is formed.

  This orthogonal gear pair 100 is designed using, for example, the design apparatus 1 shown in FIG. The design apparatus 1 includes an input unit 5 for a user or the like to input basic specifications (basic specifications) and the like related to the orthogonal gear pair 100, and various types based on the basic specifications input from the input unit 5. An arithmetic unit 6 that performs original calculation and the like, a storage unit 7 that stores various types of programs executed by the arithmetic unit 6, and appropriately stores input specifications, arithmetic results in the arithmetic unit 6, and the arithmetic unit 6 And an output unit 8 for outputting a calculation result or the like.

  Note that the design apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is realized by, for example, a computer system 10 shown in FIG. In the computer system 10, for example, a keyboard 12, a display device 13 as an example of a display unit, and a printer 14 are connected to a computer main body 11 via a cable 15 to constitute a main part. In the computer system 10, for example, various drive devices, a keyboard 12, and the like disposed in the computer main body 11 function as the input unit 15, and a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like built in the computer main body 11 are arithmetic units. 6 functions. Further, a hard disk or the like built in the computer main body 11 functions as the storage unit 7, and the display device 13, the printer 14, and the like function as the output unit 8.

  In this design apparatus 1, based on the basic specifications of the orthogonal gear pair 100 input by the user, etc., the reference cones 102P and 102G, which serve as a reference when performing the calculation of the specifications of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, etc. And various kinds of specifications of the orthogonal gear pair 100 are calculated based on the reference cones 102P and 102G. And the design apparatus 1 sets the various specifications calculated | required by calculation etc. as a design specification with an input specification.

  More specifically, the design device 1 uses a basic specification and passes through a pitch point P of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G and is a virtual pitch cone (hereinafter, referred to as a parallel cone to the root cone of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G). , Which are also referred to as virtual pitch cones) are set as reference cones 102P and 102G, respectively, and various calculations and the like are performed on design specifications based on these virtual pitch cones and their positional relationships in space. That is, the present applicants perform various calculations using the above-described virtual pitch cone as a reference cone, and thereby design the orthogonal gear pair 100 in accordance with the actual machining with sufficient consideration of the movement of the cutter during gear forming. I found what I could do. Therefore, the storage unit 7 of the design apparatus 1 stores a program for calculating each virtual pitch cone using the basic specifications and setting these as the reference cones 102P and 102G. A program for performing calculation of design specifications based on the reference cones 102P and 102G is stored. And the calculating part 6 implement | achieves the function as a reference | standard cone setting means and a specification calculation means by running the above-mentioned program.

  In the present embodiment, the design device 1 can also set a pitch cone as the reference cone of the orthogonal gear pair 100. In this case, the pitch cone is different from the virtual pitch cone when the pinion 101P and the gear 101G are gradient teeth (each pitch cone is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 8), but the pinion 101P and the gear 101G are contoured. If it is a tooth, it coincides with a virtual pitch cone (see FIG. 9).

  By the way, in such a design of the orthogonal gear pair 100, the basic specifications are repeatedly changed until the final design specifications are determined. At this time, in order to reduce the burden on the user, the design apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can provide various information to the user as required.

  As one of the information providing functions, the design device 1 allows a user to input various basic specifications, based on other related specifications, a limit value (specification band of specifications) that can be preferably input. ) And recommended values can be calculated as input support information and displayed. More specifically, the storage unit 7 of the design apparatus 1 stores, for each basic specification, a specification band suitable for input (such as an upper limit value / lower limit value of a specification that can be suitably input), a recommended value, and the like. , Specification information indicating the relationship with other related specifications, such as a table and a calculation formula, is preset and stored, and further, using these specification information, refer to other related specifications Then, a program for calculating a specification band and a recommended value for the input specification is stored. And the calculating part 6 calculates input assistance information by running the above-mentioned program, and displays the said calculation result in the predetermined form via output parts 8, such as the display apparatus 13. FIG. That is, the calculation unit realizes functions as an input support information calculation unit and an input support information display control unit.

  For example, when the gear 101G is designed to create a tooth surface linearly, the design apparatus 1 calculates the tooth surface information of the pinion 101P actually created based on the design specifications and displays the tooth surface information. Is possible. Specifically, for example, when the generating tooth surface of the gear 101G is linear, the applicants of the present invention have a pinion 101P generating tooth surface that is always perpendicular to the contact point of the rolling circle. I found something. Further, the movement of the pinion cutter 160 (see FIG. 14) defined based on the design specifications coincides with the movement of the gear 101G meshing with the pinion 101P, and accordingly, when the pinion cutter 160 moves at each movement angle ζ. The contact point always exists on the perpendicular of the tooth surface of the pinion 101P created by the blade 161. Therefore, paying attention to these points, the present applicants calculate the respective creation points on the creation tooth surface of the pinion 101P using the movement angle ζ of the gear rolling circle viewed from the center of the pinion rolling circle as a parameter ( Newly developed). That is, this calculation method creates a point where a perpendicular line on the blade surface of the pinion cutter 160 passing through a contact point between the rolling circle of the pinion 101P and the rolling circle of the gear 101G (the rolling circle of the pinion cutter) intersects the blade surface. It is calculated as a point. The storage unit 7 of the design apparatus 1 stores a program for calculating tooth surface information such as each creation point of the pinion 101P that is actually formed based on the design specifications and using the above-described calculation method. Yes. And the calculating part 6 calculates tooth surface information by running the above-mentioned program, and displays the said calculation result in the predetermined form via the output parts 8, such as the display apparatus 13. FIG. That is, the calculation part 6 implement | achieves the function as a tooth surface information calculation means and a tooth surface information display control means. Of course, the calculation of the tooth surface information can be applied to the gear 101G.

  The design apparatus 1 can calculate and display various additional information (hereinafter referred to as gear pair information) about the orthogonal gear pair 100 based on the design specifications. More specifically, the storage unit 7 of the design apparatus 1 stores a program for calculating gear pair information such as a load acting on the actual orthogonal gear pair 100 based on the design specifications. . And the calculating part 6 calculates gear pair information by running the above-mentioned program, and displays the said calculation result as an image in the predetermined form via the output parts 8, such as the display apparatus 13. That is, the calculation part 6 implement | achieves the function as a gear pair information calculation means and a gear pair information display control means.

Next, the design of the hypoid gear 100 performed using the design apparatus 1 described above will be described with reference to the orthogonal gear pair design flowchart of FIG.
When this routine starts, the calculation unit 6 first displays the input screen 150 of the basic specifications of the orthogonal gear pair in step S101, and stores in advance in each input field 151 on the input screen 150 as an initial display. Basic specifications of a standard orthogonal gear pair stored in the unit 7 are displayed (see FIG. 10). In this case, the input screen 150 is displayed via the output unit 8 of the display device 13 or the like, and each input field 151 includes, for example, the number of teeth of a pinion (PINION) and a gear (GEAR) (NUMBER OF TEETH) N _P , _NG , FACE WIDTH OF THE GEAR F, PINION OFFSET E, SUM OF THE PRESSURE ANGLES, total pressure angle φ _i or pressure angle φ of each tooth surface _1r, phi _2r, gear pitch circle diameter (PICH dIAMETER oF tHE gEAR) D , cutter radius (cUTTER rADIUS) r _c, white finish up the pinion and the gear _{(STOCK aLLOWANCE) Δt P, Δt} G, direction and torsional angle of the torsion pinion (PINION SPIRAL ANGLE) ψ _P , drive member (DRIVING MEMBER), drive member rotation direction (DIRECTION OF ROTATIONDRIVER), backlash (BACKLASH) minimum (MIN) and maximum (MAX), type of tooth muscle gradient ( DEPTHWISE TOOTH TA PER), a face mill (FACE MILL) or Fesuhobu (FACE HOB) in the selected state, the cutter used depth coefficient of the gear (DEPTH FACTOR) k, addendum coefficient of gear (ADDENDUM FACTOR) k _a, with strength calculation of the pinion and the gear Edge radius (EDGE RADIUS USED IN STRENGTH) r _eP , r _eG , pinion and gear root stress balance selection status (STRENGTH BALANCE DESIRED), coefficient of friction (COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION) μ, cutter that affects tooth root force The radius coefficient (CUTTER RADIUS FACTOR-KX), the pinion torque (PINION TORQUE) T _P , the type of the reference cone to be referred to (REFERENCE CONE), and the like are displayed. In addition, the calculation unit 6 adds operation buttons 152 (each operation button with “?” In the illustrated example) 152 to each input field 151 on the input screen 150 in order for the user to request support for specification input. Display adjacent. Further, the calculation unit 6 is an operation button for requesting various information display based on the setting result of the design specifications (in the example shown, “Dim Sheet”, “Creation diagram”, “Arrangement diagram”, “Tooth surface load”) Each operation button 153 marked with is displayed on the input screen 150.

Then, on the standard specifications of the input screen 150, for example, the number of teeth _N P of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, input field 151, such as _{N G} and the gear pitch circle radius D is appropriately selected, the input field 151 is selected, When a new specification value desired by the user is input through the input unit 5 such as the keyboard 12, the calculation unit 6 captures the input basic specification in step S102, and in step S103, the input ( The reference cones 102P and 102G of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G are set based on the new changed basic specifications.

The setting of the reference cones 102P and 102G is executed according to a flowchart of a reference cone setting subroutine shown in FIG. 4, for example. That is, first, in step S201, the calculation unit 6 uses the pinion tooth number N _P , the gear tooth number N _G , the gear pitch circle diameter D, and the gear tooth width F that are input as basic specifications. The pitch circle radius _RG of the gear is calculated based on the following formulas (1) to (3).
m = N _G / N _P (1)
Γ _j = arctan (m / 1.2) (2)
R _G = (D−F · sin Γ _j ) / 2 (3)
In the formula, m is a gear ratio, and Γ _j is a temporary gear pitch cone angle.

In subsequent step S202, the arithmetic unit 6, the calculated gear ratio m, and the pitch circle radius R _G of the gear, the pinion offset E being entered as standard specifications, the pinion helix angle [psi _P, and the cutter radius r _c The pinion 101P and the gear 101G are calculated by calculating a pinion pitch cone angle γ, a gear pitch cone angle Γ, a pinion pitch circle radius R _P , and a gear torsion angle ψ _G that satisfy the following expressions (4) to (7). The pitch cones and the positional relationship between these spaces are set.
cos Σ = function 1 (γ, Γ, ψ _P −ψ _G ) (4)
E / R _G = function 2 (γ, Γ, ψ _P −ψ _G , R _P / R _G ) (5)
_{m = function3 (ψ P -ψ G} , R P / R G, cosψ G / cosψ P) ... (6)
r _c = function 4 (γ, Γ, ψ _P , ψ _G , R _P , R _G ) (7)
Here, in the equation, Σ is a crossing angle of the gear shaft, and in this embodiment, Σ = 90 ° (fixed value).

Incidentally, the above equation (7) is of a case where a face mill system is selected as the forming method of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, if Feisuhobu method is selected, the group number N _B of the blade It is added as a basic specification, and instead of the equation (7), the following equation (7) ′, that is,
r _c = function 5 (γ, Γ, φ _P , φ _G , R _P , R _G , N _B ) (7) ′
Is used.

In subsequent step S203, the calculation unit 6 calculates the calculated gear pitch circle radius R _G and gear torsion angle ψ _G , the number of gear teeth N _G inputted as basic specifications, and the gear depth coefficient k. Is used to calculate the effective tooth height h based on the following equation (8).
h = (k * _RG * cos [psi] _G ) / _NG (8)
In subsequent step S204, the arithmetic unit 6, a total of [delta] _sigma of Deden dam angle of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, calculated according to the type of tooth trace slope is input as standard specifications, calculated in Deden dam Angle and calculates the root cone angle gamma _R of the gear based on the total [delta] _sigma.
For standard:
_δΣS = h / A _G (9)
A _G = R _G / sin Γ (10)
For duplex:
_{δ ΣD = (44/45) · (} π / (N G · tan (φ i / 2)))
((Sin Γ / cos ψ _G ) − (R _G / r _c ) tan ψ _G ) (11)
For tilt:
T _R = min (1.3, 0.02 · N _P +1.06) (12)
_{ΔT R = (δ ΣD / δ} ΣS) -T R ... (13)
When ΔT _R ≧ 0 δ _ΣT = T _R · δ _ΣS (14)
When ΔT _R <0, _δΣT = _δΣD (15)
For parallel:
_δΣP = 0 (16)
The calculation unit 6 sets δ _ΣS , δ _ΣD , δ _ΣT , or δ _ΣP calculated according to the type of the tooth _{trace gradient} to δ _Σ, and uses the gear addendum coefficient k _a input as the basic specifications. The root cone angle Γ _R of the gear is calculated based on the following equations (17) to (19).
α _G = k _a · δ _Σ (17)
δ _G = δ _Σ -α _G (18)
Γ _R = Γ−δ _G (19)
Here, in the equation, α _G is the gear addendum angle, and δ _G is the gear addendum angle.

In subsequent step S205, the calculation unit 6 calculates the calculated pinion pitch circle radius R _P , the pinion pitch cone angle γ, the gear pitch cone angle Γ, the gear root cone angle Γ _R, and the offset E input as basic specifications. Is used to calculate the gear assembly distance z _P , the gear virtual pitch cone offset angle ε _R , and the pinion face cone angle γ ₀ based on the following equations (20) to (23).

z _P = A _P · tan γ · sin Γ (20)
A _P = R _P / sin γ (21)
sinε _R = E / (R _G + Z _P · cot Γ _R (22)
sinγ ₀ = cosε _R · cos Γ _R (23)
In step S206, the arithmetic unit 6 calculates the calculated gear ratio m, the gear pitch circle radius R _G , the gear assembly distance Z _P , the pinion face cone angle γ ₀ , the gear root cone angle Γ _R, and the basics. The pinion 101P is calculated by calculating the pinion and gear torsion angles ψ _PO , ψ _GR and the pinion radius R _PO satisfying the following equations (24) to (26) using the offset E inputted as the specification. And the virtual pitch cones of the gear 101G and the positional relationship between these spaces are set, and then the routine is exited.
_{E / R G = function2 (γ} 0, Γ R, ψ PO -ψ GR, R PO / R G) ... (24)
_{Z P / R G = function6 (} γ 0, Γ R, ψ PO -ψ GR, R PO / R G) ... (25)
_{m = function3 (ψ PO -ψ GR} , R PO / R G, cosψ GR / cos PO) ... (26)
Note that, when the pitch cone (PITCH) is selected as the type of the reference cone to be referred to as the basic specifications, the reference cones 102P and 102G and the positional relationship in these spaces are determined by the processing up to step S202 described above. Is set. That is, when the pitch cone is set as the type of the reference cone to be referred to, the reference cones 102P and 102G and the positional relationship between them are R _P , R _G , γ, Γ, and ψ which are the specifications of the pitch cone. _{P, ψ G, E, Σ} , m, defined by _{r c,} in the case where the type virtual pitch cone of reference cones reference (GEAR ROOT) has been set, reference cones 102P, 102G and their positional relationships Is defined by R _PO , R _G , γ ₀ , Γ _R , ψ _PO , ψ _GR , Z _P , m, E which are the specifications of the virtual pitch cone.

  When the process proceeds from step S103 to step S104, the calculation unit 6 sets design specifications using basic specifications and the like with reference to the reference cones 102P and 102G set in step S103. Various calculations and the like of the design specifications are performed in accordance with, for example, a design method disclosed in a gear manual and the like, and thereby, for example, design specifications shown in FIG. 11 are set. Here, the specifications calculated using the pitch cone as the reference cones 102P and 102G and the specifications calculated using the virtual pitch cone as the reference cones 102P and 102G mainly include the limit pressure angle, the limit curvature radius, and the pinion concave pressure. Angle, pinion convex pressure angle, pinion 101P and gear 101G offset angle, pinion 101P and gear 101G torsion angle, pinion 101P pitch circle radius, tooth surface weighting axial factor, tooth surface weighting separation factor, and teeth Values such as surface weighted tangential factors are different.

  In subsequent step S105, the calculation unit 6 checks whether or not various information display requests based on the setting results of the design specifications are made by the user. This determination is performed based on, for example, whether any of the operation buttons 153 is operated by the user on the input screen 150, and the calculation unit 6 determines that various display requests for design specifications are made. If YES, the process proceeds to step S110. On the other hand, if it is determined that the display request is not made, the process proceeds to step S106.

  When the process proceeds from step S105 to step S106, the calculation unit 6 checks whether or not a request for changing the basic specifications is made by the user. This determination is made based on, for example, whether any of the input fields 151 is selected by the user on the input screen 150, and the calculation unit 6 is requested to change the specifications even if a predetermined time has elapsed. If it is determined that it is not, the process returns to step S105. On the other hand, if it is determined that a specification change request is made, the process proceeds to step S107.

  When the process proceeds from step S106 to step S107, the calculation unit 6 checks whether or not the user is requesting assistance when inputting (changing) the specifications of the input field 151 selected on the input screen 150. This determination is performed based on, for example, whether or not a predetermined operation button 152 is operated by the user on the input screen 150, and the calculation unit 6 determines that the user is requesting support for specification input. In step S108, the process jumps to step S109 if it is determined that the specification input support is not requested.

  When the process proceeds from step S107 to step S108, the calculation unit 6 provides support for input of the item selected by the user (that is, the item in the input field 151 corresponding to the operation button 152 operated by the user). This specification input support is executed in accordance with, for example, the flow chart of the specification input support subroutine shown in FIG. That is, first, in step S301, the calculation unit 6 extracts other specifications related to the specification selected by the user from the basic specification and the design specification currently stored in the storage unit 7. .

  In subsequent step S302, the calculation unit 6 reads out a map or a calculation formula corresponding to the user-selected item from the storage unit 7, and uses the item extracted in step S301, for the item currently selected by the user. A limit value that can be preferably input is set.

  When the process proceeds from step S302 to step S303, the calculation unit 6 checks whether there is a design condition that the user preferentially requests for the orthogonal gear pair 100. That is, for example, when the operation button 152 is operated by the user, the calculation unit 6 selects a predetermined design condition (for example, priority of strength, priority of silence, or priority of productivity). (Not shown) is displayed on the input screen 150. When a predetermined item is selected on the selection screen 150, the calculation unit 6 receives the design condition of the orthogonal gear pair 100 from the user. Determine that there was a request.

  If it is determined in step S303 that there is a request from the user regarding the design condition, the calculation unit 6 proceeds to step S304, and within the specification band defined by the limit value set in step S302, After setting the most suitable specification value according to the recommended value, the process proceeds to step S306.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S303 that there is no request from the user for the design conditions, the calculation unit 6 proceeds to step S305, and within the specification band defined by the limit value set in step S302, standard specifications are obtained. After the original value is set as the recommended value, the process proceeds to step S306.

  When the process proceeds from step S304 or step S305 to step S306, the calculation unit 6 displays the limit value set in step S302 and the recommended value display screen 155 for displaying the recommended value set in step S304 or step S305 (for example, 12 and 13) are superimposed on the input screen 150, and the routine is exited.

That is, for example, in a case where the face milling method is selected as a processing method of the gear, when the operation button 152 corresponding to the cutter radius (CUTTER RADIUS) r _c is operated, the operation unit 6, the relevant other extract the gear pitch circle diameter (PICH DIAMETOR oF tHE GEAR) D as specifications, based on the gear pitch circle diameter D, and sets the limit value of preferably fillable cutter radius r _c, the range limits set Set the recommended value in. The operating section 6, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, superimposed and on the input screen 150 as a recommended value display screen 155 a table showing the relationship between the cutter radius r _c and the gear pitch circle diameter D, the recommended value display in the screen 155, lists with the selected button 156 various values within limits set, further, in the example from among these, it recommended values (shown, corresponding to the cutter radius r _{c =} 2.250 selected Button 156) is highlighted.

Further, for example, in the case where Fesuhobu system is selected as a processing method of the gear, when the operation button 152 corresponding to the cutter radius r _c is operated, the operation unit 6, the gear as other related specifications teeth The number (NUMBER OF TEETH) N _G , the pitch circle diameter (PICH DIAMETER OF THE GEAR) D, and the outer cone distance A ₀ are extracted, and based on these, the cutter radius r _c (and the number of blade groups) that can be suitably input A limit value of N _B ) is set, and a recommended value is set within the set limit value range. Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the calculation unit 6 uses a diagram showing the relationship between the diamond metal pitch (= 25.4 · _NG / D) and the outer cone distance A ₀ as the recommended value display screen 155 as an input screen. 150, the specification values within the set limit values are displayed together with a selection button 156 on the recommended value display screen 155, and recommended values (in the example shown in the figure, cutters) are displayed. The selection button 156) corresponding to the radius r _c = 51 and the number of blade groups N _B = 7 is highlighted.

  When the process proceeds from step S107 or step S108 to step S109, the calculation unit 6 takes in the specifications input by the user as appropriate in the input fields 151 on the input screen 150, and sets the reference cone 102P based on the new basic specifications. In order to reset 102G and reset the design parameters, the process returns to step S103. In each input field 151, it is possible to directly input a numerical value or the like through the input unit 5 such as the keyboard 12, but when the recommended value display screen 155 is displayed by the process of step S108. When the user selects the selection button 156 on the recommended value display screen 155 through the input unit 5, it is possible to directly input a recommended value or the like in the corresponding input field 151.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step S105 that various display requests for the setting result of the design specifications are made by the user and the process proceeds to step S110, the calculation unit 6 is a flowchart of the tooth surface information calculation subroutine shown in FIG. 6, for example. Accordingly, the calculation related to the tooth surface information of the pinion 101P is performed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 14, the blade 161 constituting the pinion cutter 160 of the present embodiment has a straight part and a circular arc part joined at the tip of the straight part on the left and right blade surfaces, respectively. The tooth surface of the pinion 101P is created by the straight part and the arc part. Hereinafter, in such a pinion cutter 160, each point on the pointwise of the blade 161 is defined as a reference point A (A ₁ , A ₂ ) of the straight portion of the left and right blade surfaces, and arcs constituting the edges of the left and right blade surfaces The center point of the part is defined as a reference point Z (Z ₁ , Z ₂ ). Further, these reference points A ₁ , A ₂ , Z ₁ and Z ₂ are collectively defined as x.

When this routine is started, the calculation unit 6, first, in step S401, sets the coordinate system based on the center point O _P of the pinion 101P, this coordinate system, the gear rolling circle relative to the pinion rolling circle 103P ( = Rolling circle of pinion cutter) A vector of each point when 103G touches at a movement angle ζ = 0 is calculated. Here, a case where the movement angle zeta = 0 is on a straight line connecting the center point _{O G} of the center point _{O P} and a gear 101G of the pinion 101P, the contact point of the pinion rolling circle 103P and the gear rolling circle 103G C is In this case, the contact point C is defined as the contact point P in particular (ie, the gear rolling circle 103G is present at the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 15). In the following description, a subscript “ _v ” is added to a vector.

Specifically, in step S401, the arithmetic unit 6 'vector connecting the the center point _{O G} of the gear rolling circle 103G _{(O P'} center point of the pinion rolling circle _{103P O P O G ') v} , gear rolling circle 103G center point _{O G} 'as a reference point _X of the blade 161 on the rolling circle _{103G (a 1, a 2,} Z 1, Z 2) connecting the vector _{(O G'} X) _v, the contact point C and the reference point X vector connecting the bets (CX) _v, calculates a unit vector along the straight line of the rake face (e _{a) v} like.

In subsequent step S402, the arithmetic unit 6, based on the following equation (27) to (29), the rolling gear when the created point _{Y Z} by creating point _{Y A} and the circular arc portion by the straight portion of the blade 161 is matched The movement angle ζ _u of the circle 103G is calculated. In the following description, the creation point Y _A and the creation point Y _Z are collectively referred to as a creation point Y unless it is necessary to distinguish between them.

Here, each vector in the equations (27) and (28) is a vector calculated using the coordinates of each point when the movement angle of the gear rolling circle 103G is ζ = 0. In the equation, u is a joint point between the straight portion and the arc portion of the blade 161, _reP is an edge radius of the pinion cutter 160, φ ₀ ′ is a pitch limit pressure angle, R _NP is a radius of the pinion 101P, R _NG is the radius of the gear 101G. Also, positive value determined zeta _u in equation (29) is a moving angle at which the creation point Y _Z of creation point of the straight line portion Y _A and the arc portion coincide in the left tooth flank of the blade 161, the negative value is a moving angle at which the creation point Y _Z of creation point of the straight line portion Y _a and the arc portion coincide in the right tooth face of the blade 161.

  The processing from step S403 to step S407 is processing for moving the gear rolling circle 103G for each predetermined movement angle ζ and calculating the generating point Y of the blade 161 for each movement position.

Specifically, in step S403, the calculation unit 6 calculates a vector (CX) _v when the gear rolling circle 103G moves to the movement position defined by the movement angle ζ based on the following equation (30). Calculate.

That is, as is clear from FIG. 15, when the gear rolling circle 103G has moved movement angle zeta, vector _{(O P 'O G')} v is rotated at an angle zeta, vector _{(O G} 'X) _v is Rotate at an angle (1+ (R _NP / R _NG )) ζ. Therefore, from these relationships, the vector (CX) _v is obtained based on the above equation (30).

In subsequent step S404, the calculation unit 6 uses the vector (CX) _v (= vector (CZ) _v ) obtained in step S403 described above, and the reference point X (= Z) based on the following equation (31): The vector (ZY _Z ) _v connecting the creation point Y _Z by the arc part of the blade 161 is calculated, and the vector (CX) _v (= vector (CA) _v ) is used to obtain a reference based on the following equation (32) calculating a vector _(AY a) _v connecting the creation point _{Y a} with a linear portion of the point X (= a) and the blade 161.

That is, the creation point Y _Z naturally exists on the arc portion of the blade 161, and the vector (CZ) _v is perpendicular to the tooth surface at the creation point Y _Z , so the vector (ZY _Z ) _v is It is obtained based on the equation (31). Further, when the gear rolling circle 103G rotates at the movement angle ζ, the vector (e _a ) _v along the straight portion of the blade 161 rotates at an angle (1+ (R _NP / R _NG )) ζ. Then, present on the linear part of the creation point _{Y A} course of as blade 161 by the linear portion of the blade 161, since the vector (CA) _v is perpendicular to the tooth surface at the creation point _{Y A,} vector (AY _A ) _V is obtained based on the above equation (32).

In subsequent step S405, the arithmetic unit 6, based on the following equation (33), calculates the 'vector _{(O P} connecting the the created point Y' Y) _v center point _{O P} of the pinion rolling circle 103P.

That is, the calculating unit 6, the vector by calculating (O _P 'Y) _v, gear rolling circle 103G (i.e., pinion cutter 160) of the tooth surfaces that are created by the blade 161 when rotated by movement angle ζ The coordinates of the creation point Y are obtained (see FIG. 16).

When the process proceeds from step S405 to step S406, the calculation unit 6 generates the generation points for all the movement angles ζ set for each predetermined angle within the preset movement angle range (−ζ ₁ to ζ ₁ ) of the gear rolling circle 103G. It is checked whether Y is calculated.

  If it is determined in step S406 that the creation points Y have not yet been calculated for all the movement angles ζ, the calculation unit 6 proceeds to step S407, changes the movement angle ζ by a predetermined angle, and then returns to step S403. .

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S406 that the creation points Y have been calculated for all the movement angles ζ, the calculation unit 6 proceeds to step S408, and interference occurs between the tooth surface of the pinion 101P and the tooth surface of the gear 101G. It is determined whether or not to do.

Whether or not interference between the pinion 101P and the gear 101G has occurred is determined by creating a creation point at the movement angle ζ _u (that is, creation point where Y _A = Y _Z , that is, a position where the uneven state of the tooth surface is reversed) point. hereinafter, carried out on the basis of the creation point to the position of the inflection point also referred to as Y _0). That is, the calculating unit 6, the engagement between the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, when the inflection point _{Y 0} of the left and right tooth flanks are both on the inner circumferential side than the tooth tip circle of the gear 101G (FIG. 16 (a) see determines that interference will not occur in), whereas, if at least one of the inflection point Y ₀ of the left and right tooth surface is on the outer peripheral side of the tooth tip circle of the gear 101G (FIG. 16 (b) see ) Is determined to cause interference. In FIG. 16, reference numeral 170 denotes a root circle of the pinion 101P, 171 denotes a tip circle of the pinion 101P, and 172 denotes a root circle of the gear 101G.

Then, when the process proceeds from step S408 to step S409, the calculation unit 6 generates image data related to the tooth right-angle creation sectional view of the pinion 101P based on each calculated creation point Y, and then exits the routine. Thereby, in the process of step S112 described later, the calculation unit 6 can display, for example, a tooth surface information display screen 175 illustrated in FIG. 17 on the output unit 8 such as the display device 13 as necessary. . In this case, on the tooth surface information display screen 175, together with the teeth perpendicular creation sectional view, it is preferable to display the inflection point Y _0.

  Next, when the process proceeds from step S110 to step S111, the calculation unit 6 performs various types of the orthogonal gear pair 100 actually formed from the obtained design specifications according to the flowchart of the gear pair information calculation subroutine shown in FIG. An operation is performed on information (hereinafter referred to as gear pair information).

  When this routine starts, the calculation unit 6 first calculates a load acting on the orthogonal gear pair 100, for example, as gear pair information in step S501. That is, in general, the load of the orthogonal gear pair 100 calculated as a design specification is expressed by numerical values in a special coordinate system called an axial factor and a separating factor, which is easily misleading to the user. Further, in the orthogonal gear pair 100, depending on whether the driving member is the pinion 101P or the gear 101G and whether the rotation direction is clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW). The acting load direction and the like are greatly different. Therefore, the calculation unit 6 performs various calculations for the load acting on the orthogonal gear pair 100 in each driving state to clarify to the user.

For example, the calculation unit 6 calculates the load when the pinion 101P rotates in the clockwise direction as a driving member by the following processing.
That is, the calculation unit 6 first calculates the offset angles η _R and ε _R of the orthogonal gear pair 100 based on the following equations (34) and (35).
η _R = arccos (sin Γ _R / cos γ ₀ ) (34)
ε _R = arccos (sin γ ₀ / cos Γ _R ) (35)
The above-described offset angles η _R and ε _R are offset angles when the design parameters are set with the virtual pitch cone as the reference cones 102P and 102G, and the design parameters are set with the pitch cone as the reference cones 102P and 102G. The offset angles η and ε are calculated based on the following equations (34) ′ and (35) ′.
η = arccos (sin Γ / cos γ) (34) ′
ε = arccos (sin γ / cos Γ) (35) ′
The calculation unit 6 calculates the offset angle eta _R, epsilon _{R (or,} eta, epsilon) defines the coordinate system based on the respective axial load component of the coordinate system (see FIGS. 8 and 9) Is calculated. 8 and 9, n _AP , n _SP and n _TP are load components (axial factor, separating) acting on the pinion 101P in the coordinate system based on the offset angle η _R (or η). N _AG , n _SG , and n _TG are load components acting on the gear 101G in the coordinate system based on the offset angle ε _R (or ε) (axial factor, separator). Rating factor and tangential factor).

The load components described above based on the offset angle are the axial factor (AXIAL FACTOR), the separating factor (SEPARATING FACTOR), and the following formulas (36) and (37) required as design specifications, for example. circumferential component _C P of the tooth surface loads of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G, which is calculated in) is calculated using _{C G.}
C _P = T _P / R _P (36)
C _G = (T _P / R _G ) · ( _NG / _NG ) (37)
Here, in the formula, _{T P} is a pinion torque, _{R P} is the pitch circle radius of the reference cones 102P, _{R G} is the gear pitch circle radius, _{N P} is the pinion tooth number, _{N G} is the gear number of teeth.

And the calculating part 6 calculates the resultant force (force vector) of each load component about the pinion 101P and the gear 101G. At this time, for example, the calculation unit 6 determines the angle θ ₁ formed with the pinion shaft, the angle θ ₂ formed with the gear shaft, and the angle θ formed with the direction perpendicular to the pinion shaft and the gear shaft with respect to the resultant force acting on the pinion 101P. It is desirable to calculate ₃ etc.

  Similarly, the calculation unit 6 loads the load when the pinion 101P rotates counterclockwise as a drive member, the load when the gear 101G rotates clockwise as a drive member, and the gear 101G counterclockwise as a drive member. Calculates the load when rotating.

  In step S501, the calculation unit 6 calculates, for example, various dimensions (for example, the diameter of the root circle) of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G as the gear pair information. Note that this type of gear pair information is obtained geometrically based on design specifications.

  In subsequent step S502, the calculation unit 6 creates predetermined image data based on the calculated gear pair information, and then exits the routine. Thereby, in the process of step S112 to be described later, the calculation unit 6 displays a gear pair in which each load is displayed as a vector on the layout diagram of the orthogonal gear pair 100, for example, on the output unit 8 of the display device 13 or the like as necessary. Information display screen (for example, see FIG. 18 (a), FIG. 18 (b), FIG. 19 (a), or FIG. 19 (b)) 180, the diameter of the root circle on the layout of the orthogonal gear pair 100, etc. It is possible to display a gear pair information display screen (for example, see FIG. 20) 180 displaying these dimensions. The unit system such as dimensions displayed on the gear pair information display screen 181 is preferably an SI unit, an engineering unit, or the like.

  Then, when the process proceeds from step S111 to step S112, the calculation unit 6 displays various screens corresponding to the operated operation buttons 153 on the input screen 150 in a superimposed manner. For example, when the operation button 153 labeled “Dim Sheet” is operated, the calculation unit 6 displays, for example, a design specification display screen 182 shown in FIG. When the operation button 153 labeled “Creation diagram” is operated, the calculation unit 6 displays, for example, a tooth surface information display screen 175 shown in FIG. 17 superimposed on the input screen 150. Further, when the operation button 153 labeled “Layout” is operated, the calculation unit 6 displays, for example, a gear pair information display screen 181 shown in FIG. 20 superimposed on the input screen 150. In addition, when the operation button 153 labeled “tooth surface load” is operated, the calculation unit 6 performs, for example, FIG. 18A, FIG. 18B, FIG. 19A, or FIG. The gear pair information display screen 180 shown in (b) is superimposed on the input screen 150.

  Then, when the process proceeds to step S113, the calculation unit 6 checks whether or not the user has requested the specification change based on the various information displayed in step S112. Similar to the determination in step S106 described above, this determination is performed based on, for example, whether any of the input fields 151 is selected by the user on the input screen 150, and the calculation unit 6 requests the specification change. When it is determined that the specification has been changed, the process proceeds to step S107. On the other hand, for example, when it is determined that the specification change request has not been made even after a predetermined time has elapsed, the currently set design specification is selected. After saving the final design specifications in the storage unit 7, the routine is exited.

  According to such a form, when calculating the design specifications of the orthogonal gear pair 100 based on the basic specifications input through the input unit 5, the calculation unit 6 passes through the pinion 101P and the pitch point P of the gear 101G. In addition, virtual pitch cones parallel to the root cones of the pinion 101P and the gear 101G are set as reference cones 102P and 102G, respectively, and various specifications are calculated based on the virtual pitch cones and their positional relationships in space. Therefore, it is possible to realize a specification design in accordance with the actual machining by sufficiently considering the movement of the cutter at the time of gear formation.

  Further, when each basic specification is input by the user through the input unit 5, the calculation unit 6 sets a limit value for the basic specification that can be suitably input, and other related parameters and preset values. By calculating based on original information (for example, a table or a relational expression) and displaying the calculation result via the output unit 8 such as the display device 13 or the like, the burden on the user for inputting the specifications is reduced. It can be greatly reduced. In that case, the calculating part 6 can implement | achieve user assistance more effectively by calculating the recommended value of a basic item within the specification zone prescribed | regulated by the calculated limit value. Furthermore, the calculation unit 6 displays a list of specifications within the specification band defined by the calculated limit value, and highlights the recommended value from the displayed list of specifications, thereby providing more effective user support. Can be realized.

Further, in the relationship between a cutter (for example, pinion cutter 160) defined based on the obtained design specifications and a gear (for example, pinion 101P) whose tooth surface is created by the blade surface of this cutter, an arithmetic unit 6 is obtained by obtaining a point where the perpendicular of the blade surface passing through the contact point C between the rolling circle of the gear and the rolling circle of the cutter intersects the blade surface as a creation point Y on the tooth surface created by the gear, The tooth surface information of the actually created gear can be obtained by calculation without performing complicated drawing or the like. The calculation unit 6 obtains the creation point Y position for inverting the irregularity of the tooth surface as the inflection point Y _0, by evaluating the position of the inflection point Y _0, orthogonal gear pair formed 100 The presence or absence of interference can be easily determined. Further, the calculation unit 6 calculates a tooth right-angle creation sectional view and the like of the gear created based on each calculated creation point Y, and displays this creation sectional view via the display device 13 and the like, thereby giving the user On the other hand, tooth surface information can be visually recognized.

  In addition, the calculation unit 6 calculates gear pair information that is additional information of the orthogonal gear pair 100 based on the obtained design specifications, and displays the calculated various gear pair information via the display device 13 and the like. By displaying, it is possible to reduce the burden when the user examines the design specifications. For example, based on the design specifications, a load actually acting on the orthogonal gear pair 100 is calculated as gear pair information, and an arrangement diagram of the orthogonal gear pair in which the calculated load is displayed as a vector is displayed via the display device 13 or the like. By displaying, for example, it is possible to reduce the burden when the user examines the strength of the bearing and the case applied to the orthogonal gear pair 100. Further, for example, based on design specifications, various dimensions of the orthogonal gear pair 100 that is actually formed are calculated as gear pair information, and an arrangement diagram of the orthogonal gear pair displaying the calculated dimensions is displayed on the display device 13 or the like. By displaying an image via the user interface, for example, it is possible to reduce a burden when the user examines a bearing, a case layout, and the like applied to the orthogonal gear pair.

Schematic configuration diagram of orthogonal gear pair design device Schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a computer system for realizing an orthogonal gear pair design device Flow chart of orthogonal gear pair design routine Reference cone setting subroutine flowchart Flow chart of specification input support subroutine Flow chart of tooth surface information calculation subroutine Gear pair information calculation subroutine flowchart Cross section of hypoid gear meshing model Cross section of hypoid gear meshing model Explanatory drawing showing a display example of the basic specifications input screen Explanatory drawing showing a display example of design specifications Explanatory drawing showing a display example of the recommended value display screen Explanatory drawing showing a display example of the recommended value display screen Cross-sectional view of main parts of pinion cutter Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the pinion rolling circle and the gear rolling circle Illustration of creation point by pinion cutter Explanatory drawing showing a display example of the tooth surface information display screen Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a display of a gear pair information display screen Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a display of a gear pair information display screen Explanatory drawing which shows the example of a display of a gear pair information display screen

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Design apparatus 5 ... Input part 6 ... Calculation part (reference | standard cone setting means, specification calculation means, input assistance information calculation means, input assistance information display control means, tooth surface information calculation means, tooth surface information display control means, gear Pair information calculation means, gear pair information display control means)
7 ... Storage unit 8 ... Output unit 13 ... Display device (display means)
100 ... Orthogonal gear pair 101P ... Pinion (gear)
101G ... Gear (gear)
102P ... Reference cone 102G ... Reference cone 103P ... Pinion rolling circle 103G ... Gear rolling circle 160 ... Pinion cutter (cutter)
161 ... blade
Agent Patent Attorney Susumu Ito

Claims (4)

In the design device of the orthogonal gear pair for computing the design specifications of the orthogonal gear pair based inputted orthogonal gear pair and the basic specifications of the cutter,
It has a tooth surface information calculation means for calculating a respective creation point on the tooth surface of the gear cutting surface of the cutter, which is defined based on the design specifications actually created,
The tooth surface information calculation means calculates, as the generating point, a point where a perpendicular of the blade surface passing through a contact point between the rolling circle of the gear and the rolling circle of the cutter intersects the blade surface. Orthogonal gear pair design device.   The tooth surface information calculation means obtains the creation point at a position where the uneven state of the tooth surface is inverted as an inflection point, and determines whether there is interference of the orthogonal gear pair based on the position of the inflection point. The apparatus for designing an orthogonal gear pair according to claim 1, wherein: Tooth surface information display control means for displaying tooth surface information based on the calculation result of the tooth surface information calculation means via the display means,
3. The orthogonal gear pair design device according to claim 1, wherein the tooth surface information display control means displays a tooth right angle creation sectional view based on each creation point. Tooth surface information display control means for displaying tooth surface information based on the calculation result of the tooth surface information calculation means via the display means,
3. The orthogonal gear pair design device according to claim 2, wherein the tooth surface information display control means displays a tooth right angle creation sectional view based on each creation point together with the inflection point.

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