JP4549192B6 - Door open / close delay mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a door opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes a pivoting type or sliding door type door, particularly in a mode in which the door is switched in the opening direction against the biasing force or its own weight, from the open or half-open position to the closing direction. The present invention relates to a door opening / closing delay mechanism that delays switching operation.

  The present applicant has previously developed a mechanism shown in Patent Document 1 as a door opening / closing delay mechanism. This mechanism is used when the door is openable and closable with respect to the main body side frame portion, and is used when the door is rotated in the opening direction from the closed position, and is provided on the frame portion side to form a cam groove. A cam body, a rotating gear provided on the frame corresponding to the cam body, a pin tracing the cam groove, and a tooth meshing with the rotating gear. A movable body provided to be slidable in the axial direction through the fitting of the cam groove and the pin, and a spring member that urges the movable body in a direction away from the cam body, and the door is rotated from the closed to the open direction. Then, the tooth portion and the rotating gear mesh with each other, and while maintaining the open position until the meshing is released with the sliding of the movable body in the axial direction while rotating the rotating gear, the biasing force moves toward the closed position. It is automatically rotated. In this mechanism, for example, after the door is opened against the urging force and then immediately released, the door stops immediately after being opened, compared to the structure that immediately returns to the closing direction. When a person enters or exits through the opening on the main body or takes out a product at a vending machine, etc., the door is open until the person or the product passes through the opening until there is enough work for the stop time after opening the door. There is an advantage that it is not necessary to hold it with one hand.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-172068

  The above door opening / closing delay mechanism has a structure in which the movable body moves around the hinge axis of the door, so a large space is required for mounting at the shaft end, and each part is attached to the axis end of the door axis. The assembly workability was poor. Further, since a large space is required at the shaft end, it cannot be assembled to a normal main body side frame or the like, so it cannot cope with various opening / closing directions of the door, and is not versatile or practical.

  The present invention solves the above problems and provides a door opening / closing delay mechanism suitable for various doors or sliding doors because it does not involve vertical movement and can be unitized in a small space. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is used when the door is moved to a closed position for closing the opening of the frame portion and an open position for opening the frame portion on the main body side, and is attached to the main body. A fixing member that forms a cam groove, a rotation gear that is rotatably attached to the fixing member, and a swinging gear that is attached to the fixing member so as to be swingable and linked to movement of the door from the closed position to the opening direction. A swiveling body that swings with the base end side as a fulcrum, a pin that traces the cam groove, and a tooth portion that meshes with the rotating gear, and is incorporated in the swiveling body, And a spring member that urges the slider and displaces the urging force to the minimum at the most advanced position of the slider and to maximize the urging force at the last retracted position, From the closed position the door When the opening is operated in the direction, the revolving body is swung in cooperation with the opening operation, and the slider increases the biasing force of the spring member with the sliding of the pin with respect to the cam groove. The tooth portion and the rotary gear are engaged to form a mesh, the open position is maintained until the mesh between the tooth portion and the rotary gear is released, and then the closed portion is moved. It is said.

  In the above mechanism, the operation feature is that the slider is regulated by fitting the pin into the cam groove in the closed position of the door, and when the door is opened, the swinging body is swung in cooperation with the door, In synchronization therewith, the slider is slid in the proximal direction of the revolving structure that increases the bias of the spring member with the movement of the pin relative to the cam groove. Then, the tooth portion of the slider meshes with the rotating gear, and in the meshed state, the slider is slid toward the tip side of the revolving body with the rotation of the rotating gear by the biasing force of the spring member. In this case, the door is maintained in the open position while the slider-side teeth mesh with the rotating gear, and when the slider-side teeth release the meshing with the rotating gear, the slider moves the pin relative to the cam groove. Along with this, the spring member is slid toward the distal end side of the revolving body by the urging force of the spring member, and is moved and switched in the closed position direction. In other words, in this mechanism, the door is opened (opened) by engaging the slider side teeth and the rotating gear only by pushing the door against the biasing force or its own weight from the closed position toward the open position. The relationship between the cam groove and the pin is maintained, and thereafter, the door is switched to the closed position by the urging force or its own weight. According to the present invention, the movement switching operation from the open position of the door to the closed position can be delayed while simplifying the mechanism and eliminating application restrictions as compared with Patent Document 1. The degree of delay, that is, the time for keeping the door in the open position or delaying the movement to the closed position can be arbitrarily set by using the gear relationship between the tooth portion and the rotating gear, the use of the braking damper of claim 3 and the like.

  In the delay mechanism described above, the cam groove is formed in a cam shape that swings the revolving body further to the open side of the door for a while from the time when the slider moves forward from the last retracted position of the slider. (Claim 2), the rotating gear is mounted on the output shaft of the braking damper (Claim 3), the fixing member forms the cam groove on the inner surface, A case incorporating a rotating gear or the like (Claim 4); the door is rotated around a pivot for hinges; and a gear provided at a shaft end of the pivot and a tip surface of the swivel body The tooth portion provided is meshed directly or via an intermediate gear (Claim 5), and the door is a sliding door that is biased and slid in the closing direction, and the sliding door is moved in the opening direction. Rocking the swivel body in a linked manner 6.) are preferred.

In the invention of claim 1, as compared with the mechanism of Patent Document 1 while mechanically delaying the operation until the door is moved to the closed position again after the door is opened, as in Patent Document 1 It is excellent in that it can be made compact and the restrictions on arrangement and usage can be relaxed.
In the invention of claim 2, after the door is moved to the middle of reaching the open position, the door is automatically moved to the open position, held in the open position, and moved to the closed position. Usability can be improved by reducing the movement operation angle or operation amount.
In the invention of claim 3, the damper brakes the rotational speed of the rotating gear, so that, for example, the time for keeping the door in the open position can be set longer, and the degree of freedom of the delay operation of the present invention can be expanded.
-In invention of Claim 4, since the principal part of a mechanism is assembled | attached to a case, it can be unitized, and the handleability and the assembly property to a main body side can be improved.
-In invention of Claim 5, it becomes a thing suitable for a rotary door, and it can apply also to a sliding door door in the invention of Claim 6.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment in which the door opening / closing delay mechanism of the embodiment is applied to a rotary door, and FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the relationship between components of the door opening / closing delay mechanism. 2 is a schematic plan view in an assembled state, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic plan views showing an operation sequence from opening to closing of the door. FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment in which the door opening / closing delay mechanism is applied to a sliding door type door.

(First Embodiment) In FIGS. 1 and 2, the door opening / closing delay mechanism is fixed to the frame ceiling portion of the frame portion 2 on the main body (for example, the device, equipment housing, or case) side where the door 1 is disposed. Main body unit 3, and an external gear 42, a winding spring 44, and the like that are provided at the shaft end of hinge pivot 4 that is the opening / closing center of door 1 and are connected to main body unit 3.

  The main unit 3 includes a flat fan-shaped lower case 5 and a flat fan-shaped upper case 6, and after the movable parts described later are assembled in both cases 5, 6, Assembling is performed by engaging with each other through a plurality of locking claws 7 and locking grooves 8 provided on the outer peripheral portion. And the main unit 3 is screwed into the ceiling surface or the like of the frame 2 on the main body side by inserting the screws B in common to the mounting portions 9 provided outside the cases 5 and 6 and projecting at a plurality of locations. Thus, it can be assembled to the main body side.

  Moreover, the cam groove 32 is provided in the lower case 5 so as to surround the projection or the island. In FIG. 2, the cam groove 32 has a curved first lead groove 32a extending from the right front side to the rear part, and is gradually inclined toward the left front side with the innermost part of the first lead groove 32a as a turning point. A second lead groove 32b that is continuous with the second lead groove 32b, a third lead groove 32c that is obliquely continuous toward the left front portion with the forefront portion of the second lead groove 32b as a turning point, and a left front side of the third lead 32c. It consists of a fourth lead groove 32d connected to the first lead groove 32a as an inflection point, and each of these lead grooves 32a to 32d constitutes a closed loop curve. In detail, the inner wall defining the third lead groove 32c is formed on an inclined surface. This is because, for example, when a forced external force in the closing direction is applied to the door 1 in a state where the door 1 is open, a tracing pin 34 of the slider 16 described later moves the inclined surface from the third lead groove 32c. The first lead groove 32d is once passed through the groove and then inserted into the fourth lead groove 32d, thereby preventing the internal mechanism from being worn or damaged. On the other hand, the upper case 6 is formed with a recess 36 for arranging the damper. The recess 36 is formed at a position partially overlapping the second and third lead grooves 32b and 32c of the cam groove 32 as shown in FIG.

  In addition, the movable parts incorporated in the main unit 3 can be swiveled inside the cases 5 and 6 and the intermediate gear 10 that transmits one side to the pivot 4 side with one side exposed at the center of the sides of the cases 5 and 6. A revolving body 12 disposed in the revolving body 12, a shaft 14, a slider 16 and a compression coil spring 18 incorporated in the revolving body 12, a rotary damper 22 provided on the upper case 6 side and connected to the slider 16.

  The intermediate gear 10 is pivotally supported in a state where part of the teeth protrudes from between the cases 5 and 6. That is, both the cases 5 and 6 have a window communicating with the inside and outside of the side wall portion, a support portion 24 protruding from the inside of the case to the outside of the window, and a support shaft erected on the support portion 24. 26, and the intermediate gear 10 is pivotally supported with respect to the support shaft 26. Moreover, the revolving body 12 is substantially fan-shaped or L-shaped, and has a shaft portion 28 projecting from the upper and lower surfaces of the rear end, and a tooth row 12a continuously provided on the arc-shaped front end surface. Yes. The revolving body 12 is supported so as to be swingable around the shaft portion 28 by inserting the shaft portion 28 corresponding to the shaft hole 30 formed facing both the cases 5 and 6, respectively. The tooth row 12 a is meshed with the intermediate gear 10.

  The revolving structure 12 is substantially flat on the upper surface side and set as a sliding surface with respect to the upper case 6, and the lower surface side is a concave shape or a cavity defined by front and rear end walls and one side wall. And the shaft 14 is arrange | positioned in the state spanned between the longitudinal direction, ie, the front-and-back end walls, on the lower surface side of the revolving structure 12. A slider 16 is slidably assembled to the shaft 14, and the slider 16 is moved in the forward direction (the side on which the tooth row 12 a of the swivel body 12 is formed) by a coil spring 18 that is incorporated in the shaft 14. ). The coil spring 18 has a minimum urging force at the most advanced position of the slider 16 and a maximum at the last retracted position of the slider 16, and increases the urging force through the slider 16 and releases the increased urging force. However, the door delay operation can be realized.

  That is, the slider 16 has a through hole through which the shaft 14 is inserted, a rack tooth row 16a provided on one side and meshing with the rotary gear 38 of the damper 22, and a tracing pin 34 attached to a reverse recess provided on the lower surface. And have. In particular, as shown in an enlarged view of the lower circle A in FIG. 1, the pin 34 protrudes from a shaft portion 34a inserted into a reverse recess formed in the lower portion of the slider 16, and a tip surface of the shaft portion 34a. And a spring 34c provided in a state where one end is locked in the reverse recess and the other end is locked to the shaft portion 34a. The protrusion 34b can be slidably contacted with the cam groove 32 with an appropriate pressure contact force, or can be detached from the third lead groove 32c in the event of an abnormality described in paragraph 0011. Yes.

  The damper 22 is composed of a rotary oil damper or the like, and includes an output shaft receiving resistance of a working fluid such as oil filled in the main body, and a rotary gear that is attached to the output shaft and meshes with the rack tooth row 16 a of the slider 16. (Same as pinion) 38. Further, the damper main body is provided with flange portions 22a and 22b projecting on both sides. As shown in FIG. 2, the damper 22 has a mounting structure in which, in the recess 36 described above, a pin 36 a protruding from the one-side flange portion 22 a into the recess 36 is inserted into a hole provided in the flange portion 22 a. The other flange portion 22b is fitted into a locking step portion 36b formed at a corresponding portion of the recess 36. Further, the damper 22 is in the recess 36 and is urged by a leaf spring 40 disposed between the flange portion 22a and the opposing wall of the recess 36, so that play is absorbed. The damper 22 escapes in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 against the spring pressure of the leaf spring 40 by applying a forced external force when the rotary gear 38 meshes with the rack tooth row 16a on the slider side. The meshing state is released.

  On the other hand, a fan-shaped external gear 42 that meshes with the outer peripheral teeth of the intermediate gear 10 with respect to the shaft end (the upper end may be the lower end) is fixed to the hinge pivot 4 of the door 1 described above. A winding spring 44 is supported around the pivot 4. One end of the winding spring 44 is locked to the door 1 side, and the other end is locked to the main body side frame portion 2, so that the door 1 is always biased toward the closed position. In addition, with the above form, the door 1 is an example opened and closed by rotating in the horizontal direction via the pivot 4. However, the door 1 of the present invention may be configured to be switched between a closed position where the frame portion is closed with respect to the main body frame portion and an open position where the door portion is opened with respect to the main body frame portion. It is also possible to omit the spring member for urging the spring.

  Further, each member constituting the main body unit 3 is incorporated in the cases 5 and 6 in advance. Therefore, if the fixed position of the external gear 42 with respect to the pivot 4 is determined, the main body unit is connected to the tooth row. After positioning to engage the intermediate gear 10 on the unit 3 side, it is only necessary to fix it to the ceiling or bottom surface side of the main body side frame portion 2 with screws B or the like, and the assembly operation can be performed easily. .

(Operation) Next, the operation of the above door opening / closing delay mechanism will be described with reference to FIGS.
A) First, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A, when the door 1 is in the closed position, the swing body 12 is in the origin position on the right side of the cases 5 and 6 in the figure. The slider 16 is in the most advanced position on the front end side of the shaft 14 of the shafts 14 arranged in the front-rear direction with respect to the revolving structure 12, and the slider-side pin 34 is moved to the right end (first side) Of the lead groove 32a). The coil spring 18 is in a fully extended state, that is, in a state where the urging force is the smallest.

A) When the door 1 is pushed from the closed position in the opening direction against the urging force of the winding spring 44, the external gear 42 and the intermediate gear 10 are engaged, and the intermediate gear 10 and the revolving body side tooth row 12a are engaged. , The revolving body 12 is pivoted or swiveled in the left direction in the figure with the shaft portion 28 as a fulcrum. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the slider 16 retreats along the shaft 14 toward the proximal end side of the revolving body 12 while compressing the coil spring 18, and the first guide groove 32 is connected via the pin 34. It moves in the backward direction along the lead groove 32a. In this example, as shown in the figure, when the door 1 is opened by about 90 degrees, the pin 34 slides to the innermost part of the first lead 32a of the cam groove 32, and at that time, the coil spring 18 is moved. It is compressed to a state where the urging force is maximized, and spring energy is stored.

C) In this example, when the hand 1 is released from the door when the door 1 is opened approximately 90 degrees, the slider 16 is moved by the biasing force of the coil spring 18 to move the pin 34 from the first lead groove 32a to the second lead groove. As shown in FIG. 4A, the tooth row 16a is engaged with the rotating gear 38 of the damper 22 as shown in FIG. In this mechanism, in the meshed state, the slider 16 slowly moves forward along the second lead 32b while releasing the spring energy (biasing force) stored in the coil spring 18 and by the braking action of the damper 22. In this forward state, the urging force of the coil spring 18 is greater than the spring pressure of the winding spring 44 (force that urges the door in the closing direction), and a force that swings or swivels the revolving body 15 to the left in the drawing also acts. ing. For this reason, the door 1 is further rotated in the opening direction from the state opened 90 degrees, and the opening of the main body frame 2 is widened.

D) In this example, after the door 1 is automatically opened to approximately 130 degrees, the slider 16 further reduces the urging force of the coil spring 18 along the third lead groove 32c as shown in FIG. 4B. Move forward. At this time, since the force for swinging or turning the revolving body 12 to the right or left is not acting, the door 1 is kept open to the maximum.

E) Thereafter, when the door 1 is stopped, the slider 16 reaches the forward position by the biasing force of the coil spring 18, and the pin 34 is positioned at the inflection point between the third lead groove 32c and the fourth lead 32d. Then, the urging force of the coil spring 18 returns to the initial minimum state, and the tooth row 16 a is detached from the rotating gear 38 of the damper 22. Then, since the urging force of the winding spring 44 is in a high state, the door 1 is rotated again in the closing direction by the urging force of the winding spring 44 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. Will be. In the process, the revolving structure 12 and the slider 16 return to the original position again via the pin 34 that slides along the fourth lead groove 32d to the base end of the first lead groove 32a.

  In the above door opening / closing delay function, when the door 1 is manually returned from the open position to the closed position, the pin 34 is removed from the third lead groove 32c of the cam groove 32 as described above, and the teeth of the slider 16 are removed. The row 16a is removed from the rotary gear 38 of the damper 22 and the door 1 is rapidly rotated in the closing direction. Even in such a case, the slider 16 (the pin 34) is still in the closed position of the door 1. Since the cam groove 21 returns to the origin position, normal operation can be performed from the next time without being worn or damaged. In the above embodiment, the main unit 3 and the external gear 42 are connected only at the upper side of the main body. However, when the door is large and heavy, it may be provided above and below the main body. Further, in this embodiment, the external gear 44 and the tooth row 12a of the swivel body 12 are connected via the intermediate gear 10, but the gear 44 and the tooth row 12a may be directly meshed with each other. In that case, for example, the corresponding side surfaces of the cases 5 and 6 are opened all over.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 schematically shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a right-side sliding door. In the figure, since the configuration of the main unit 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted and only the changed points will be described.

  In FIG. 5, a lower guide rail 53 and an upper guide rail (not shown) are arranged above and below an opening 52 surrounded by a wall 50 and a column 51 on the main body side, and a sliding door 54 can run between both guide rails. It arrange | positions and the inside and outside of the opening part 52 are closed. Here, the sliding door 54 is always biased in a direction to close the opening 52 by a biasing means such as a tension coil spring (not shown). A rack 55 is fixed to the sliding door 54 along the inside of the upper edge. The rack 55 meshes with the intermediate gear 10 of the main unit 3 fixed to the ceiling or the like on the main unit via screws B or the like.

  Therefore, in the above-described door opening / closing delay mechanism, when the sliding door 54 is horizontally moved through the handle portion 54a provided on one side, the opening portion is moved to some extent by the same action as in the first embodiment. When 52 is opened, after that, it automatically opens fully, and after being kept fully open for a while, the sliding door 54 is again moved to the closed position by the urging force of the urging means (not shown) and automatically fully closed. Is done. Here, in the second embodiment, the rack 55 and the revolving body 12 are made to correspond to approximately 1: 1 via the intermediate gear 10, so that the main body unit 3 is also provided when the linear movement distance of the sliding door 55 is large. However, the main body unit 3 can be reduced in size by interposing a plurality of tooth wheel trains having appropriate gear ratios to reduce the swing radius of the revolving structure 12 for the moving distance.

  In addition, the above embodiment does not restrict | limit this invention at all. The present invention can be variously modified except for the requirements specified in claim 1. The use is suitable for, for example, a normally-closed article take-out door in a vending machine, a door of a building, a window, a sliding door, or a storage part such as a vehicle, a lid for a small case, a lid for a general small case.

It is a general | schematic disassembled perspective view which shows the components structure in 1st Embodiment which applied the door opening / closing delay mechanism of this invention to the door. It is a top view which shows the assembly state of FIG. (A), (b) is a schematic top view which shows the operation | movement order of a door opening / closing delay mechanism. (A), (b) is a schematic top view which shows the operation | movement order following FIG. It is a schematic plan view at the time of applying the door opening / closing delay mechanism of this invention to a sliding door.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Door 2 ... Main body side frame part 3 ... Main body unit 4 ... Axis 5,6 ... Case (fixing member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Intermediate gear 12 ... Revolving body 14 ... Shaft 16 ... Slider (16a is a dentition (tooth part), 34 is a tracing pin)
18 ... Coil spring (spring member)
22 ... Damper for braking (38 is rotating gear)
28 ... Shaft 32 ... Cam groove 42 ... External gear 44 ... Winding spring (biasing means)
54 ... Sliding door 55 ... Rack

Claims (6)

It is used when the door is moved and switched between a closed position for closing the opening of the frame portion and an open position for opening the frame portion on the main body side,
A fixing member attached to the body to form a cam groove;
A rotating gear rotatably attached to the fixed member;
A revolving body attached to the fixed member so as to be swingable and swinging about a base end side as a fulcrum linked to movement of the door from a closed position to an opening direction;
A slider that has a pin that traces the cam groove and a tooth portion that meshes with the rotating gear, and is incorporated in the swivel body and is capable of reciprocating between a base end side and a distal end side of the swivel body;
A spring member for urging the slider, and for displacing the urging force to be minimized at the most advanced position of the slider and to be maximized at the most retracted position;
When the door is opened from the closed position in the opening direction, the swivel body is swung in cooperation with the opening operation, and the slider is accompanied by sliding of the pin with respect to the cam groove. After sliding in the direction of increasing the biasing force of the member to form an engagement between the tooth portion and the rotating gear, the open position is maintained until the engagement between the tooth portion and the rotating gear is released, and then closed. A door opening / closing delay mechanism that is moved to a position.   2. The cam groove according to claim 1, wherein the cam groove is formed in a cam shape that further swings the swivel body toward the opening side of the door for a while from the time when the slider moves in the forward direction from the last retracted position of the slider. Door opening / closing delay mechanism.   The door opening / closing delay mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating gear is mounted on an output shaft of a braking damper.   The door opening / closing delay mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing member is a case in which the cam groove is formed on an inner surface and the revolving body, the rotating gear, and the like are incorporated.   The door is rotated with the hinge pivot as a fulcrum, and the gear provided on the shaft end of the pivot and the tooth provided on the tip surface of the revolving body are meshed directly or via an intermediate gear. The door opening / closing delay mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 5. The door opening / closing delay according to claim 1, wherein the door is a sliding door that is urged and slid in the closing direction, and the swinging body is swung in conjunction with movement of the sliding door in the opening direction. mechanism.

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