JP4540168B2 - Greening base material and greening base layer construction method - Google Patents
Greening base material and greening base layer construction method Download PDFInfo
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- JP4540168B2 JP4540168B2 JP2000026949A JP2000026949A JP4540168B2 JP 4540168 B2 JP4540168 B2 JP 4540168B2 JP 2000026949 A JP2000026949 A JP 2000026949A JP 2000026949 A JP2000026949 A JP 2000026949A JP 4540168 B2 JP4540168 B2 JP 4540168B2
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- greening base
- base layer
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- carbon ratio
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、木質系材料などの有機物を用いた緑化基層用資材および緑化基層工法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年の環境重視の傾向の中で、大量かつ安価に入手することができる間伐材などの木質系材料の有効利用の方策が模索されている。
一般に、ウッドチップやオガクズなどの木質系材料は、植物の発芽や成育を阻害する物質(以下、発芽等阻害物質という)、例えば、クマル酸などを多量に含むため、河川の護岸工事あるいは、切り土や盛り土の法面工事、ゴルフ場や公園の造成工事など緑化を必要とする土壌(緑化基層)には、施用(散布したり混合撹拌)することはできない。そして、緑化しない表土は、雨などで流失する恐れがある。
【0003】
従来、ウッドチップやオガクズなどの木質系材料を利用する場合、これを完全にコンポスト化(完熟)し、土、種子、水を混合して表土に散布していた。
しかしながら、木質系材料にはセルロースやリグニンが多量に含まれているため、窒素の有機化速度が遅く、さらに有機化窒素の無機化も遅れ、堆肥として効果が現れるまでに3〜4年程度の期間を要する等の問題点があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記従来の問題点を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、特に、ウッドチップやオガクズなどの木質系材料を有効利用することができ、しかも、植物の発芽や成育を向上せしめることができる緑化基層用資材および緑化基層工法を提供するにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の緑化基層用資材は、発芽および成育阻害物質を含む炭素率の大きい(C/N≧100)ウッドチップ等の木質系材料から成る有機物を、上記発芽および成育阻害物質を含まない炭素率の小さい(C/N=10〜70)ビール粕や堆肥から成る有機物と混合して成ることを特徴とする。また、上記両有機物と共に、土、種子、水を混合して成ることを特徴とする。
【0006】
また、本発明の緑化基層工法は、上記緑化基層用資材を、緑化を要する土壌に施用することを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1において、1は、ウッドチップやオガクズなどの木質系材料のような炭素量が窒素量に比べて多い、すなわち炭素率の大きい(炭素率C/N=100以上)有機物である。木質系材料としては、例えば、スギ、ヒノキ、アカマツ、カラマツ、トドマツ、米マツ、エゾマツ、クリ、ケヤキ、コナラ、ブナなどの木材(樹皮も含む)が挙げられる。木質系材料の形態としては、チップあるいはオガクズ等のように、土との混合に適した形態であればいずれでもよい。使用するウッドチップとしては、1〜3ケ月程度放置して、コンポスト化まで至らない半熟成状態のものが好ましい。また、炭素率の大きい有機物として、上記木質系材料の他に、ライ麦稈、大麦稈、ハダカ麦稈、小麦稈などであってもよい。表1に各種材料の炭素率の例を示す。
【0008】
2は、ビール粕などの炭素量が窒素量に比べて少ない、すなわち炭素率の小さい(炭素率C/N=10〜70)有機物である。この炭素率の小さい有機物は、分解が早くて、植物の発芽や成育を阻害する物質も分解し、その影響を低減する役割を果たす。表1に堆肥、ビール粕の炭素率の例を示す。
【0009】
【表1】
【0010】
3は、土、種子、水などである。土としては、上記木質系材料やビール粕などの有機物を分解する土壌微生物に富んだ土が好ましいが、これらの土壌微生物を別途添加してもよい。木質系材料などの炭素率の大きい有機物の分解に関与する土壌微生物としては、例えば、Bacillus agglomeratus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Agrobaterium radiobacter, Escherihia coli, Bacillus polymyxa, hromobacterium sp などのバクテリアが挙げられるがこれらの微生物に限定するものではない。また、ビール粕などの炭素率の小さい有機物の分解に寄与する微生物としては、例えば、Streptomyces albus , leucothrix mucor が挙げられるがこれらの微生物に限定するものではない。種子としては、例えば、河川堤防などの法面では野芝の種子、ゴルフ場などでは高麗芝の種子などがが挙げられるが、これらの種子に限定するものではない。水は、施工する土に合わせてその量を調節する(目安としては55〜60%程度が適当である)。水質としてpHなど特に限定する必要はない。水の役割としては、吹き付け時の流動性、有機物分解の微生物活動に寄与しているだけでなく、植物の育成にも不可欠である。
【0011】
以上の炭素率の大きい有機物1と、炭素率の小さい有機物2と、土・種子・水3を混合撹拌して緑化基層用資材を製造する。この緑化基層用資材は、原則として、施工直前に混合するのが望ましいが、保存も可能である。ただし、種子が混入している場合には、室温で2〜3週間程度の保存が限度で、それ以上は発芽する恐れがある。従って、本緑化基層用資材は、特に種子を混入しなければ、それ自体、商品として流通に供することが可能である。
【0012】
以上のようにして製造された緑化基層用資材を、緑化しようとする表土に散布して混合撹拌して施用し、緑化基層4を造成する。緑化基層用資材の施用深さとしては、緑化する植物によって異なるが、植生基盤として7cm程度の表層散布が好ましいが、2〜3cmから数十cmまでの範囲が可能である。。
【0013】
上記緑化基層4においては、バクテリアの増殖が速く、上記発芽および成育阻害物質を低減せしめる。その結果、上記混合された種子が発芽して成育する。初期には、炭素率の小さい有機物が分解して堆肥化され、長期には、炭素率の大きい有機物が分解されて堆肥となり、全体として、長期間に亘って良質の緑化基層となる。
【0014】
図2は、炭素率(C/N)10のみの有機物の分解度と、炭素率100のみの有機物の分解度と、これらを混合した本発明の混合資材の分解度を比較説明するもので、これにより、本発明の混合資材による改善効果が確認される。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
1)阻害物質の影響を低減せしめることができ、植物の発芽および成育を向上させることができる。
2)ウッドチップやオガクズなどの木質系材料を有効利用することができる。
3)すべて天然の材料を使用し、薬剤を使用しないので、安全で環境汚染を生じる恐れがない。
4)緑化培土としての非常に肥沃土の高い土壌が得られる。
5)河川の護岸工事、切り土や盛り土の法面緑化工事、ゴルフ場や公園の造成工事などの用途がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の要部を説明する概念図である。
【図2】炭素率C/Nの大小による木質系材料の分解度の経年変化を説明するグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 炭素率の大きい有機物
2 炭素率の小さい有機物
3 土、種子、水
4 緑化基層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a greening base layer material and a greening base layer construction method using an organic material such as a woody material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, environmentally conscious trends are exploring ways to effectively use wood-based materials such as thinned wood that can be obtained in large quantities and at low cost.
In general, woody materials such as wood chips and sawdust contain a large amount of substances that inhibit plant germination and growth (hereinafter referred to as germination inhibitors), such as coumaric acid. It cannot be applied (sprayed or mixed and agitated) to soil (greening base layer) that needs to be greened, such as slope work for soil and embankment, construction work for golf courses and parks. And the topsoil that does not become green may be washed away by rain.
[0003]
Conventionally, when woody materials such as wood chips and sawdust are used, they are completely composted (completely ripened), mixed with soil, seeds and water and sprayed on topsoil.
However, since woody materials contain a large amount of cellulose and lignin, the rate of organicization of nitrogen is slow, the mineralization of organic nitrogen is also delayed, and it takes about 3 to 4 years before compost becomes effective. There were problems such as requiring a period of time.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. The object of the present invention is to make effective use of woody materials such as wood chips and sawdust, and to germinate plants. The object is to provide a greening base layer material and a greening base layer construction method capable of improving growth.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The material for a greening base layer of the present invention comprises an organic substance composed of a woody material such as a wood chip having a large carbon ratio including germination and growth inhibitory substances (C / N ≧ 100) , and a carbon ratio not including the germination and growth inhibitory substances. (C / N = 10 to 70), which is characterized by being mixed with organic matter made of beer lees or compost . Moreover, soil, seeds, and water are mixed together with the two organic substances.
[0006]
Moreover, the greening base layer construction method of the present invention is characterized in that the above greening base layer material is applied to soil requiring greening.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1,
[0008]
2 is an organic substance such as beer lees having a small amount of carbon compared to the amount of nitrogen, that is, a small carbon ratio (carbon ratio C / N = 10 to 70). This organic substance with a low carbon ratio is rapidly decomposed, and it also decomposes substances that inhibit plant germination and growth, and plays a role in reducing the effect. Table 1 shows examples of compost and beer lees.
[0009]
[Table 1]
[0010]
3 is soil, seeds, water and the like. The soil is preferably soil rich in soil microorganisms that decompose organic materials such as the above-mentioned woody materials and beer lees, but these soil microorganisms may be added separately. Examples of soil microorganisms involved in the decomposition of organic materials with a high carbon content such as woody materials include bacteria such as Bacillus agglomeratus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Agrobaterium radiobacter, Escherihia coli, Bacillus polymyxa, hromobacterium sp. It is not limited to microorganisms. In addition, examples of microorganisms that contribute to the decomposition of organic substances having a low carbon ratio such as beer lees include Streptomyces albus and leucothrix mucor, but are not limited to these microorganisms. Examples of seeds include seeds of wild turf for slopes such as river embankments, and seeds of Korean turf for golf courses, but are not limited to these seeds. The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil to be constructed (approx. 55-60% is appropriate as a guide). There is no need to specifically limit the water quality such as pH. The role of water not only contributes to the microbial activity of spraying fluidity and organic matter decomposition, but is also essential for the growth of plants.
[0011]
The
[0012]
The greening base layer material manufactured as described above is applied to the topsoil to be greened, mixed and stirred, and applied to form the greening base layer 4. The application depth of the material for greening base layer varies depending on the plant to be greened, but a surface layer spray of about 7 cm is preferable as a vegetation base, but a range from 2 to 3 cm to several tens of cm is possible. .
[0013]
In the greening base layer 4, the growth of bacteria is fast, and the germination and growth inhibitory substances are reduced. As a result, the mixed seeds germinate and grow. In the initial stage, organic substances with a low carbon ratio are decomposed and composted, and in the long term, organic substances with a high carbon ratio are decomposed into compost, and as a whole, a good quality greening base layer is formed over a long period of time.
[0014]
FIG. 2 compares the degree of decomposition of an organic substance having only a carbon ratio (C / N) of 10, the degree of decomposition of an organic substance having only a carbon ratio of 100, and the degree of decomposition of the mixed material of the present invention in which these are mixed. Thereby, the improvement effect by the mixed material of this invention is confirmed.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
1) The influence of an inhibitory substance can be reduced, and the germination and growth of a plant can be improved.
2) Woody materials such as wood chips and sawdust can be used effectively.
3) All natural materials are used and no chemicals are used, so there is no risk of environmental pollution.
4) Highly fertile soil can be obtained as a greening soil.
5) Use for river bank protection, cutting and filling slopes, golf courses and parks.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a main part of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph for explaining the secular change in the degree of decomposition of a wood-based material depending on the carbon ratio C / N.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Organic matter with
Claims (3)
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JP2000026949A JP4540168B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Greening base material and greening base layer construction method |
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JP2000026949A JP4540168B2 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Greening base material and greening base layer construction method |
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JP4540168B2 true JP4540168B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0222191A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-01-25 | Kazuo Moriaki | Compost and production thereof |
JPH02129086A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-17 | Onoda Autoclaved Light Weight Concrete Co Ltd | Organic fertilizer of bark-like matter |
JPH0436120A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-06 | Tsukada Tekkosho:Kk | Culture medium for cultivating mushroom and method for artificially cultivating mushroom |
JPH04320622A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-11-11 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Greening bed material |
JPH067029A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1994-01-18 | Yasuyuki Miyamoto | Material for growth of plant and its production |
JPH11152751A (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-08 | Kowa:Kk | Greening method on slope face |
-
2000
- 2000-02-04 JP JP2000026949A patent/JP4540168B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0222191A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-01-25 | Kazuo Moriaki | Compost and production thereof |
JPH02129086A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-17 | Onoda Autoclaved Light Weight Concrete Co Ltd | Organic fertilizer of bark-like matter |
JPH0436120A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-06 | Tsukada Tekkosho:Kk | Culture medium for cultivating mushroom and method for artificially cultivating mushroom |
JPH04320622A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-11-11 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Greening bed material |
JPH067029A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1994-01-18 | Yasuyuki Miyamoto | Material for growth of plant and its production |
JPH11152751A (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-08 | Kowa:Kk | Greening method on slope face |
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