JP4536356B2 - Manual hydraulic pump device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a manual hydraulic pump device (a pump device that manually generates oil pressure) used mainly for small boat steering devices such as small fishing boats, leisure boats, yachts, and the like. The present invention relates to an improvement of a helm pump that generates oil pressure by operation.

As a prior art of this type of manual hydraulic pump device, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a shaft is provided at a central portion in a pump housing 51 in which a rear housing 53 is integrally fitted to a rear end portion in a front housing 52. A cylinder block 55 is disposed so as to be rotatable integrally with the cylinder 54, and a cylindrical piston (hatched display) 57 is urged forward by a spring 58 into a plurality of piston holes 56 in the cylinder block 55. The piston 57 has a cylindrical shape with a spherical part integrally formed at the upper end and an open lower end, and a spring 58 is inserted into the piston 58 via a spring receiver 58a as shown in the figure. Each cylindrical piston 57 is inclined and arranged at the front part in the pump housing 51, abuts against a fixed thrust bearing (swash plate) 59, and the cylinder block 55 is rotated to one side via the shaft 54. As a result, the cylindrical piston 57 slides in the front-rear direction in each piston hole 56 and generates hydraulic pressure by the pump action. In other words, in one of the plurality of piston holes 56, the cylindrical piston 57 slides backward against the spring 58 and discharges pressure oil from the discharge port, while the other piston hole 56 has a spherical piston 57. Slides forward by the urging force of the spring 58 and sucks the pressure oil from the suction port. The discharge and suction of the pressure oil are controlled by a distribution valve (also referred to as a side plate) 59 at the bottom of the cylinder block 55. This side plate 59 is fixed to the rear housing 53 side of the bottom of the pump 50 by a set screw 59a. A structure that is slidably contacted (relatively rotated in contact) with the bottom (lowermost surface) is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-11-222197 (paragraph number 0017 and FIG. 3)

However, the manual hydraulic pump device described in the above publication still has problems to be improved in the following points. That is,
Since it is necessary to load a spring in each of the plurality of cylinder holes and urge the cylindrical piston forward, the number of parts increases and the structure becomes complicated. In addition, air accumulates in the hollow part of the cylindrical piston, and it is difficult for air to escape. There was a risk of becoming. Further, the distribution valve is usually made of a disc body and is fixed to the rear housing side as described above and is in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the cylinder block. Therefore, extremely high accuracy is required for machining the bottom surface of the cylinder block, both front and rear surfaces of the distribution valve, and the distribution valve contact surface of the rear housing.

This invention has been made in view of the above, it is easy to ensure the machining accuracy of the dispensing valve and the abutment surface, a first object of the present invention to provide an oil leakage is unlikely manual hydraulic pump unit It is said. It is a second object of the present invention to provide a manual hydraulic pump device that is simple in structure, has a small number of parts, and is unlikely to cause air accumulation. Also,

In order to achieve the first object, the manual hydraulic pump device of the present invention is such that a base end portion of a shaft partially protruding forward is coupled to a cylinder block at a central shaft portion in the pump housing so as to be integrally rotatable, In a manual hydraulic pump device that is rotatably arranged through a bearing and generates hydraulic pressure by rotating the shaft , a plurality of piston holes from the front surface to the rear end portion are circumferentially spaced in the cylinder block. A space is provided between the bottom surface of the cylinder block and the bottom cover , and this space is a part of the oil supply passage that connects the piston hole and the discharge port and the suction port provided in the bottom cover. configured to, the the space is arranged, the dispensing valve of the disc-shaped, larger than the thickness of the longitudinal distance is the dispensing valve of this space, the distributing valve position (in other words non-round in the space Held in state) is HaiSo a floating state (a state free to move back and forth other words), the conjunction is urged forward by a spring, it is provided the oil supply hole penetrating the front and rear, the front of the outer diameter the small diameter front portion of but less pressing piston body than the rear, a circular opening provided in the distributor valve, a large径後portion of the pressing piston body, a circular opening provided in the bottom cover, O-ring respectively slidably inserted in the longitudinal through, said pressure piston body was HaiSo to each oil supply passage from the discharge port and the suction port, and so presses the dispensing valve to said cylinder block bottom surface It is characterized by that.

  According to this manual hydraulic pump device, when the pump is operated (when the shaft rotates), the oil pressure acts on the two pressing piston bodies on the discharge port side and the suction port side. Since the front part has a small diameter and the rear part has a large diameter, a forward pressing force is generated due to a difference in the area of the hydraulic surface, and the distribution valve is pressed against the bottom surface of the cylinder block. In addition, when the pump is stopped (when the shaft is not rotating), the forward pressing force by the pressing piston body cannot be expected, but the distribution valve is biased by the spring toward the bottom of the cylinder block. Pressed against the bottom of the cylinder block. Therefore, since the distributing valve is always pressed against the bottom surface of the cylinder block, the clearance between the distributing valve and the cylinder block can be reduced even if the processing accuracy of the front surface of the distributing valve and the bottom surface of the cylinder block is considerably lower than the conventional accuracy. There is no risk of leaking pressure oil. Also, with regard to the processing accuracy of the rear surface of the distribution valve and the front surface of the bottom lid, in the past, a very high processing accuracy was required due to the configuration that joined and fixed together to prevent pressure oil leakage, In the present invention, since the oil supply passage is connected by fitting the large-diameter rear portion of the pressing piston body into the circular opening of the bottom lid via the O-ring, the processing accuracy can be considerably lowered. As a result, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and pressure oil leakage can be reliably prevented.

As described in claim 2 , a pair of crescent-shaped oil filling ports are formed opposite to each other on the front surface of the distribution valve, and a pair of circular openings communicating with the crescent-shaped oil filling port are formed on the rear surface of the distribution valve. The small diameter front part of the said press piston body can be slidably inserted back and forth through an O-ring at each circular opening.

Manual hydraulic pump device of the present invention for achieving the second object described above, as described in claim 3, sliding piston wherein in each piston bore provided with a spherical head integrally with the longitudinal direction The spherical heads of these pistons can be freely inserted and brought into contact with a swash plate attached to the front part of the pump housing at an inclination with respect to the central axis, and can be locked to the spherical heads. A spring holder with a retainer provided with a stop groove can be rotated integrally with the shaft and moved back and forth in a state where the retainer is inclined with respect to the spring holder so that the retainer is parallel to the swash plate. mounted on, it is preferable to compressively coil spring biases the respective piston forward through the spring receptacle between said cylinder block about said shaft.

According to this structure , several piston is urged | biased ahead by the common one spring arrange | positioned in center part. For this reason, the springs respectively disposed in the plurality of piston holes are not required, the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the apparatus is reduced in size and weight. Further, since the plurality of pistons receive the same urging force by the common spring in the center and are urged forward, there is no variation in the urging force due to the difference in spring force. Furthermore, regardless of whether the piston is hollow or solid, the bottom end is closed, so that air does not accumulate in the piston.

  Since the manual hydraulic pump device according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the structure is simple, the number of parts is small, air accumulation is unlikely to occur, and the processing accuracy of the front and rear surfaces of the distribution valve and its contact surface is easy to ensure. Therefore, oil leakage is less likely to occur, and the structure of the entire pump device is simplified to facilitate reduction in size and weight.

   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out a manual hydraulic pump device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment in which the manual hydraulic pump device of the present invention is applied to a helm pump, FIG. 2 (a) is a bottom view of a side plate, and FIG. B line sectional drawing and FIG.2 (c) are top views of a side plate.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a helm pump 1 as a manual hydraulic pump device of this example is used for a steering device of a small boat, and is attached to a dashboard (not shown) of a shipyard. A part of the shaft 5 protrudes forward from the center of the front surface of the pump housing 2, and a steering wheel is attached to the tip of the protrusion 5a.

  The pump housing 2 is configured by integrally combining a rear housing 4 with a plurality of bolts 6 on a front housing 3 having an open rear portion, and a space portion in the pump housing 2 forms an oil supply tank 7. A front projecting portion 8 b of the bottom cover 8 is fitted into the rear central opening 4 a of the rear housing 4 and is integrally coupled by a bolt 9. The bottom lid 8 has a disc shape, and the outer protrusion 8b has a smaller outer diameter than the rear main body 8a.

  The pump housing 2 is provided with a cylinder block 10 that constitutes a main part of a piston / cylinder mechanism (pump mechanism). The cylinder block 10 is connected to a base end portion of a shaft 5 so as to be integrally rotatable. Is supported rotatably via front and rear bearings 11 and 12.

A plurality of (for example, 3 to 7) piston holes 13 extending from the front surface to the rear end portion are formed in the cylinder block 10 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the pistons 14 slide in the respective piston holes 13 in the front-rear direction. It is freely inserted. Each piston 14 is integrally provided with a spherical head 14a, and the root 14b of each spherical head 14a is slightly narrowed. The piston 14 may be either a hollow body or a solid body, but the bottom end is closed. Further, a swash plate 15 made of a thrust bearing is fixed to a front portion in the pressure oil tank 7 (front housing 3) by a support bracket 15a with the upper portion inclined forward.

  Near the upper front end of the front housing 3, an oil supply port 16 is formed in communication with the oil supply tank 7, and an oil supply plug 16 a is detachably attached to the oil supply port 16.

A key groove 5b is provided at a substantially intermediate position in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 5, and a sleeve-like spring receiver 17 is attached to the key groove 5b via the key 17a so as to be integrally rotatable and movable back and forth. a disk-shaped retainer 18 gas thrust bearing (swash plate) 15 is attached by inclined parallel to the. In the retainer 18, U-shaped openings (locking grooves) 18a that can be locked to the roots 14b of the spherical heads 14a of the pistons 14 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A coil spring 19 is compressed around the periphery of the shaft 5 between the spring support 17 and the front end of the cylinder block 10, and all the pistons 14 are urged forward. A spacer 20 is interposed between the front end of the cylinder block 10 and the coil spring 19. The retainer 18 can be formed integrally with the spring receiver 17.

  The spherical heads 14 a of the pistons 14 are brought into contact with the swash plate 15. With this configuration, when the shaft 5 is rotated in one direction, the cylinder block 10 rotates with the retainer 18, and each piston 14 slides forward or backward in the piston hole 13.

In the pump casing 2, an opening space 21 is formed between the bottom surface of the cylinder block 10 and the front surface of the front protrusion 8 a of the bottom lid 8, and a distribution valve (also referred to as a side plate) 22 is formed in the space 21. Is arranged. The distance in the front-rear direction of the space portion 21 is greater than the thickness of the distribution valve 22, and the distribution valve 22 is disposed in the lubricating oil in the space portion 21 in a floating state (a state that can move in all directions). As shown in FIG. 2 (a) , a pair of crescent fueling ports 22a are formed opposite to each other on the front surface of the distribution valve 22, and on the rear surface (bottom surface) of the distribution valve 22 as shown in FIG. 2 (c) . A pair of circular recesses 22b and a pair of circular openings 22c are formed to face each other, and each circular opening 22c communicates with a corresponding crescent-shaped fuel filler port 22a.

  An oil supply hole 23 is formed through the bottom of the cylinder block 10 from the bottom of each piston hole 13 to the space 21. The bottom ends of these oil supply holes 23 communicate with each other in an annular groove 23a. Yes. And a pair of opposing annular groove 23a exists in the position which can be connected to the crescent-shaped oil supply port 22a. On the other hand, a discharge port 25 and a suction port 26 are provided on the rear surface (bottom surface) of the bottom cover 8, and the oil supply holes 28 are formed in a pair of circular openings 27 provided opposite to the front surface of the bottom cover 8. It is communicated through. A pair of circular recesses 30 for holding the coil springs 29 are provided on the front surface of the bottom lid 8 so as to face each other.

  Two pressing piston bodies 31 press the distribution valve 22 in the space portion 21 against the bottom surface side of the cylinder block 10. These press piston bodies 31 have a rear portion made of a large diameter portion 31a, a small diameter front portion 31b formed integrally on the large diameter rear portion 31a, and an oil supply hole 31c penetrating in the front and rear direction. The pressing piston body 31 is interposed between the circular opening 22c on the distribution valve 22 side and the circular opening 27 on the bottom lid 8 side, and a small-diameter front portion 31b is interposed in the circular opening 22c via an O-ring 32. In addition, large-diameter rear portions 31a are fitted into the circular openings 27 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction through O-rings 33, respectively. On the other hand, the coil spring 29 is disposed across the circular recess 22b on the distribution valve 22 side and the circular recess 30 on the bottom lid 8 side, and a cylindrical spring receiver 34 is interposed in the circular recess 30 via an O-ring 35. The coil spring 29 is abutted against the spring receiver 34 to urge the distribution valve 22 forward. A spring strength adjusting bolt 36 is inserted into the circular recess 30 by screwing into a screw hole 37 through which the spring strength adjusting bolt 36 passes, and the tip of the bolt 36 is in contact with the spring receiver 34. The spring strength of the coil spring 29 can be adjusted by rotating the bolt 36, and can be secured by tightening the fixing nut 38.

  The helm pump 1 is configured as described above. This helm pump 1 rotates a shaft (steering shaft in the case of steering) 5 in one direction as in the prior art, whereby the cylinder block 10 rotates and the piston 14 slides in the front-rear direction. The lubricating oil in the oil supply tank 7 is discharged under high pressure from 25, and the pressure oil is sucked into the helm pump 1 from the suction port 26. During the operation of the pump 1, the discharge pressure acts on one end face of the small diameter front portion 31 b of the two pressing piston bodies 31, and the suction pressure acts on the end face of the large diameter rear portion 31 a of the other pressing piston body 31. However, since both oil pressures are equal in pressure per unit area and act equally, the oil pressure on the end surface side of the large-diameter rear portion 31a having a large area is superior to that on the end surface side of the small-diameter front portion 31b. It is biased forward and pressed against the bottom surface of the cylinder block 10. Further, when the pump 1 is stopped, that is, when the shaft 5 is not rotated, no oil pressure acts on any of the pressing piston bodies 31, but a relatively weak spring force acts by the two coil springs 29 described above, Since the distribution valve 22 is always urged forward, the distribution valve 22 is pressed against the bottom surface of the cylinder block 10. In this way, the pressure oil is discharged from the helm pump 11 to the steering device main body (not shown), and the pressure oil from the steering device main body is sucked into the oil supply tank 7 in the helm pump 1 and circulated and steered. become.

  When the shaft 5 is rotated in the reverse direction, the discharge port 25 becomes a suction port, the suction port 26 becomes a discharge port, and the pressure oil flows in the reverse direction through the steering device body, and is steered in the reverse direction. Since other operations are common, description thereof is omitted.

  Now, the helm pump 1 of this example urges a plurality of pistons 14 forward simultaneously by one retainer 18 and one coil spring 29, and the spherical head 14a of each piston 14 is U-shaped. Since it is supported by the opening 18a, there is no need to provide a mounting hole for the coil spring in the main body of the piston 14, and the number of coil springs is reduced to a minimum to simplify the structure. In addition, conventionally, air may accumulate in the coil spring mounting hole of the piston 14, and there is a possibility that the discharge pressure during steering may intermittently act on the steering device due to this influence. I was able to eliminate the pool.

  Further, in the conventional structure in which the distribution valve 22 is also screwed to the bottom lid 8 or the like, the bottom surface of the cylinder block 10, both front and rear surfaces of the distribution valve 22, and the front surface of the bottom lid 8 are removed in order to eliminate pressure oil leakage. Although extremely high accuracy is required for machining, in the helm pump 1 of this example, the bottom surface of the cylinder block 10 is provided by using the hydraulic pressure and auxiliary spring force generated when the distributing valve 22 is floated and the pump is operated. Therefore, even if the processing accuracy of the distribution valve 22 or the like is lowered, the pressure oil leakage can be reliably prevented, the manufacturing becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the Example which applied the hydraulic pump apparatus of this invention to the helm pump. 2A is a bottom view of the side plate, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2C, and FIG. 2C is a plan view of the side plate. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the conventional general helm pump.

Explanation of symbols

1 Helm pump (manual hydraulic pump device)
2 Pump housing 3 Front housing 4 Rear housing 5 Shaft (steering shaft)
7 Refueling tank 8 Bottom cover 10 Cylinder block 11/12 Bearing 13 Piston hole 14 Piston (plunger)
14a spherical head 15 swash plate (thrust bearing)
16 Oil supply port 17 Sleeve-shaped spring retainer 18 Disc-shaped retainer 19 Coil spring 20 Spacer 21 Open space 22 Distribution valve (side plate)
22a crescent-shaped oil supply port 22b circular recess 22c circular opening 25 discharge port 26 suction port 27 circular opening 30 circular recess 31 pressure piston body 31a large diameter rear part 31b small diameter front part 31c oil supply hole 32/33 O-ring 34 cylindrical body shape Spring holder

Claims (3)

The base end portion of the shaft that partially protrudes forward is connected to the cylinder block so as to be integrally rotatable at the central shaft portion in the pump housing, and is rotatably arranged through a bearing. By rotating the shaft, oil pressure is reduced. In the manual hydraulic pump device to be generated,
A plurality of piston holes extending from the front surface to the rear end portion are formed in the cylinder block at intervals in the circumferential direction.
A space is provided between the bottom surface of the cylinder block and the bottom lid , and this space is configured as a part of an oil supply path connecting the piston hole and the discharge port and the suction port provided in the bottom lid ,
A disc-shaped distribution valve is arranged in the space, and the distance in the front-rear direction of the space is larger than the thickness of the distribution valve,
The dispensing valve is HaiSo floated in place in said space, while being urged forward by the spring,
Provided oil supply hole penetrating back and forth, a small diameter front part of the small pressure piston member than the outer diameter of the front portion to the rear, a circular opening provided on the distribution valve,
The large径後portion of the pressing piston body, a circular opening provided in the bottom lid, slidably inserted in the longitudinal through respective O-ring,
Said discharge port and said pressure piston body was HaiSo to each oil supply passage from said suction port, a manual hydraulic pump unit, characterized in that the dispensing valve was pressed against the cylinder block bottom surface. A pair of crescent-shaped oil filling ports are formed opposite to each other on the front surface of the distributing valve, and a pair of circular openings communicating with the crescent-shaped oil filling port are formed opposite to each other on the rear surface of the distributing valve. manual hydraulic pump device slidably interpolated by being claim 1 wherein before and after the the opening diameter front portion of the pressing piston body via the O-ring. Pistons each having a spherical head integrally fitted in each piston hole are slidably inserted in the front-rear direction, and the spherical heads of these pistons are inclined with respect to the central axis at the front portion in the pump housing. Abut against the swash plate
Said spring receptacle with retainers having a lockable locking grooves each globular head, in a state where the retainer is inclined with respect to the spring bearing member so as to be parallel to the swash plate, wherein Attached to the periphery of the shaft so as to be able to rotate integrally and move back and forth , a coil spring is compressed around the shaft and the cylinder block is urged, and each piston is urged forward through the spring support. The manual hydraulic pump device according to claim 1 or 2 .

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