JP4535395B2 - Transmitter - Google Patents

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JP4535395B2
JP4535395B2 JP2006341102A JP2006341102A JP4535395B2 JP 4535395 B2 JP4535395 B2 JP 4535395B2 JP 2006341102 A JP2006341102 A JP 2006341102A JP 2006341102 A JP2006341102 A JP 2006341102A JP 4535395 B2 JP4535395 B2 JP 4535395B2
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front air
air chamber
hole
transmitter
microphone
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JP2008154036A (en
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義正 鴨頭
泰弘 曽田
大輔 伊東
陽一 羽田
祐介 日和▲崎▼
学 岡本
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Iwatsu Electric Co Ltd
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Iwatsu Electric Co Ltd
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Description

本発明は、例えば電話機のハンドセット等において使用される送話器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a transmitter used in, for example, a telephone handset.

従来のアナログ電話回線は、伝送周波数帯域の上限が３ないし３．４ｋＨｚであるが、ＩＳＤＮのディジタル回線では、伝送周波数帯域の上限が７ｋＨｚ程度まで広帯域化されている。さらにＩＰ回線では、２０ｋＨｚまでの音声伝送帯域を使用することも可能である。かかる広帯域の回線で通信を行えば、通話品質が向上して音声等を高品質（明瞭）に伝送できるが、通話品質を向上させるためには、更に送話器の広帯域化を実現しなければならない。そこで高音（高周波）領域における感度が優れたエレクトレット型マイクロフォン（以下、「マイクロフォン」と表示することがある）を使用し、且つ図８に示すように、送話器１０に前気室２０を設けてマイクロフォン３０の受音面側に音波を到達させることで広帯域化を図った送話器が開発された（例えば特許文献１及び２）。   The conventional analog telephone line has an upper limit of the transmission frequency band of 3 to 3.4 kHz, but the ISDN digital line is widened to an upper limit of the transmission frequency band of about 7 kHz. Furthermore, it is possible to use a voice transmission band up to 20 kHz on the IP line. If communication is carried out using such a broadband line, the call quality is improved and voice and the like can be transmitted with high quality (clear). However, in order to improve the call quality, it is necessary to further increase the bandwidth of the transmitter. Don't be. Therefore, an electret type microphone (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “microphone”) having excellent sensitivity in a high frequency (high frequency) region is used, and a front air chamber 20 is provided in the transmitter 10 as shown in FIG. Thus, a transmitter has been developed that achieves a wide band by allowing sound waves to reach the sound receiving surface side of the microphone 30 (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

ここで前気室２０は、例えば略円柱形状を有し、略円柱形状の一端側の送話口壁部に複数の音孔を設けると共に他端側のマイクロフォン側壁部に内部音孔を設けたものであり、音声（音波）が、音孔から前気室２０に入り、更に内部音孔を経てマイクロフォン３０の受音面に達するようになっている。かかる前気室２０によって、音波の高音（高周波）領域が強調されて、送話器１０を広帯域化することができるが、ここで送話器１０が殆ど感度低下を生じることなく電気信号を出力できる上限周波数（トランスミッション・フレケンシー、以下「ｆｔ」と表示することがある）は、音孔の数の平方根に比例し、且つ前気室２０の容積の平方根に反比例することが知られており、ｆｔを高くするには、音孔を増やし、また前気室２０の小容積化を図る必要がある。
特開平４−３２２５４３号公報 特開平１１−８８４８４号公報 Here, the front air chamber 20 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape, and a plurality of sound holes are provided in the mouthpiece wall portion on one end side of the substantially cylindrical shape, and an internal sound hole is provided in the microphone side wall portion on the other end side. The sound (sound wave) enters the front air chamber 20 through the sound hole, and further reaches the sound receiving surface of the microphone 30 through the internal sound hole. The front air chamber 20 emphasizes the high-frequency (high-frequency) region of the sound wave and can widen the transmitter 10, but the transmitter 10 outputs an electrical signal with almost no decrease in sensitivity. The upper frequency limit (transmission frequency, sometimes referred to as “ft”) is known to be proportional to the square root of the number of sound holes and inversely proportional to the square root of the volume of the front air chamber 20, In order to increase ft, it is necessary to increase the number of sound holes and to reduce the volume of the front air chamber 20.
JP-A-4-322543 JP 11-88484 A

前気室を備えた送話器を小型化すると、前気室の容積を小さくできて広帯域化に好都合である一方、送話口壁部の面積が小さくなるから、音孔の数の減少を余儀なくされて広帯域化の障害となる。また前気室は、送話口壁部とマイクロフォンとを隔てて、マイクロフォンを静電気から保護する役割を担うため、前気室の小容積化にも限界がある。また送話器の小型化を図らない場合には、音孔の数を増やすことができる一方、前気室の小容積化に限界が生じて広帯域化の障害となる。そこで本発明は、前気室の一端面とマイクロフォンとを隔てつつ、前気室の更なる小容積化を図って、マイクロフォンを静電気から保護しつつ広帯域化を図る送話器の実現を課題とするものである。   If the transmitter with the front air chamber is downsized, the volume of the front air chamber can be reduced, which is convenient for widening the bandwidth. Being forced to become a hindrance to broadband. Further, since the front air chamber plays a role of protecting the microphone from static electricity by separating the mouthpiece wall portion and the microphone, there is a limit to reducing the volume of the front air chamber. If the transmitter is not downsized, the number of sound holes can be increased. However, there is a limit in reducing the volume of the front air chamber, which hinders widening the bandwidth. Accordingly, the present invention has an object to realize a transmitter that achieves a wider band while protecting the microphone from static electricity while further reducing the volume of the front air chamber while separating the one end surface of the front air chamber from the microphone. To do.

上記課題を解決するために本発明に係る送話器は、請求項１に記載のとおり、
外部から区画してマイクロフォンの受音面の前方に形成された第１の前気室と、
ダンパ孔を有する隔壁にて前記第１の前気室と区画されると共に、前記隔壁に対峙させて設けられた送話孔口壁部により外部から区画して設けられた第２の前気室と、
上記送話孔口壁部に設けられて外部からの音波を前記第２の前気室に導く音孔と、
前記第１の前気室側に設けられて前記ダンパ孔を介して前記第２の前気室から前記第１の前気室に導かれる音波の周波数特性を調整するダンパ材と
を具備した送話器において、
特に前記ダンパ孔は、前記第２の前気室から前記第１の前気室側に向けて孔断面の面積が減少するガイド孔部と、このガイド孔部に連接して前記第１の前気室に連通する孔断面の面積が一定の出力孔部と、を有することを特徴としている。 In order to solve the above problems, a transmitter according to the present invention is as described in claim 1 ,
A first front air chamber that is partitioned from the outside and formed in front of the sound receiving surface of the microphone;
A second front air chamber that is partitioned from the first front air chamber by a partition wall having a damper hole and that is partitioned from the outside by a transmission hole mouth wall provided to face the partition wall. When,
A sound hole provided in the transmission hole mouth wall portion for guiding the sound wave from the outside to the second front air chamber;
A damper material which is provided on the first front air chamber side and adjusts frequency characteristics of sound waves guided from the second front air chamber to the first front air chamber via the damper hole;
In transmitter provided with the,
In particular the damper hole, and the guide hole portion the area of the hole cross-section is decreased toward the second front air chamber to the first front air chamber side, before the first and connected to the guide hole And an output hole portion having a constant hole cross-sectional area communicating with the air chamber .

本発明に係る送話器によれば、第２の前気室と第１の前気室を有するから、送話口とマイクロフォンとを隔てて、マイクロフォンを静電気から保護しつつ、隔壁のダンパ孔と第１の前気室空間の容積とで決まる周波数（例えば所望のｆｔの約２分の１から３分の１前後の中域周波数）特性をブーストすることで、高域周波数特性もブーストして、ｆｔを高くすることができる。そしてブーストされた中域周波数特性をダンパ材のダンパ効果（吸音効果）で平坦化して、低周波領域から高周波領域にわたってマイクロフォンの出力電圧を平坦化することができる、しかしｆｔを高くするためには、ブーストする中域周波数を高くしなければならないところ、ブーストされる中域周波数がダンパ孔の出力孔部の長さの平方根に反比例するため、隔壁を薄くすることなく（隔壁の強度を維持しつつ）中域周波数を所望の周波数に設定する必要がある。 According to the transmitter of the present invention, since the second front air chamber and the first front air chamber are included, the microphone is separated from the mouth opening and the microphone, and the damper hole of the partition wall is protected. By boosting the frequency characteristic determined by the volume of the first front air chamber space (for example, the middle frequency around 1 to 3 times the desired ft), the high frequency characteristic is also boosted. Thus, ft can be increased. The boosted mid-frequency characteristics can be flattened by the damper effect (sound absorption effect) of the damper material, so that the output voltage of the microphone can be flattened from the low frequency region to the high frequency region , but in order to increase ft Because the boosted mid-frequency must be increased, the boosted mid-frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the length of the output hole of the damper hole. However, it is necessary to set the mid-range frequency to a desired frequency.

そこで本発明に係る送話器においては、特に前記ダンパ孔を、第２の前気室から第１の前気室に向け孔断面の面積が減少するガイド孔部と、このガイド孔部に連接して第１の前気室に連通する孔断面の面積が一定の出力孔部とで構成し、ダンパ孔の出力孔部の長さの平方根に反比例する中域周波数でブーストすることで、隔壁を薄くすることなく（隔壁の強度を維持しつつ）中域周波数を高域周波数領域に近づけて、高域周波数特性を改善することができる。また該送話器は、送話口とマイクロフォンとを隔てる第１の前気室を有するから、第２の前気室を小容積化が可能となって、高域周波数特性を改善することができる。 Therefore, in the transmitter according to the present invention, in particular, the damper hole is connected to the guide hole portion in which the area of the hole cross section decreases from the second front air chamber to the first front air chamber, and is connected to the guide hole portion. And an output hole portion having a constant hole cross-sectional area communicating with the first front air chamber, and boosting at a mid-frequency that is inversely proportional to the square root of the length of the output hole portion of the damper hole. It is possible to improve the high-frequency characteristics by making the mid-frequency close to the high-frequency region without reducing the thickness (while maintaining the strength of the partition walls). In addition, since the transmitter has a first front air chamber that separates the mouthpiece and the microphone, the second front air chamber can be reduced in volume, and high frequency characteristics can be improved. it can.

特に前記第２の前気室空間が、送話口壁部と隔壁とを結ぶ線分と、直交する平面において、送話口壁部から隔壁に向け断面積を減少するものであるときには、前記第２の前気室の小容積化を図ることができ、送話口壁部とマイクロフォンとの距離を短縮することなく、すなわちマイクロフォンを静電気から保護しつつ、該送話器の更なる広帯域化を実現できる。 Particularly the second front air chamber space, a line segment connecting the mouthpiece wall and the partition wall, in a plane perpendicular, when it is intended to reduce the cross-sectional area toward the partition wall from the mouthpiece wall The volume of the second front air chamber can be reduced, and the transmitter can be further reduced without reducing the distance between the microphone wall and the microphone, that is, while protecting the microphone from static electricity. Broadband can be realized.

以上のべたとおり、本発明にかかる送話器によれば、マイクロフォンを静電気から保護しつつ広帯域化を実現することができる。   As described above, according to the transmitter according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a wide band while protecting the microphone from static electricity.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明にかかる送話器を説明する。
先ず、図１〜４に基づき、本発明にかかる送話器について説明する。図１はハンドセット１の外観例を示すものであり（図１中の２は送話器側端部）、図２は送話器側端部２に含まれる送話器１０の概略断面構成を示す図である。送話器１０は前気室２０及びマイクロフォン３０を有している。前気室２０は一端側に送話口壁部２１を他端側にマイクロフォン側壁部２２を有している。前気室２０の前気室空間２０ａは、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン側壁部２２と周壁２３とで画されている。ここで周壁２３は、円柱形状の外形を有し、一方がハンドセット１の本体１ａから延出した周壁１ｂ内に挿入されて、周壁２３の端部が送話口壁部２１に当接し、周壁２３の他方にはマイクロフォン３０が挿入され保持されている。なおマイクロフォン３０は印刷基板３１に取り付けられ、印刷基板３１を介して図示しない回路に音声信号を伝達する。 Hereinafter, a transmitter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, based on FIGS. 1-4, a description will be given to the transmitter according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows an example of the appearance of a handset 1 (2 in FIG. 1 is a transmitter-side end), and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a transmitter 10 included in the transmitter-side end 2. FIG. The transmitter 10 has a front air chamber 20 and a microphone 30. The front air chamber 20 has a mouthpiece wall portion 21 on one end side and a microphone side wall portion 22 on the other end side. A front air space 20 a of the front air chamber 20 is defined by a mouthpiece wall portion 21, a microphone side wall portion 22, and a peripheral wall 23. Here, the peripheral wall 23 has a cylindrical outer shape, one of which is inserted into the peripheral wall 1 b extending from the main body 1 a of the handset 1, and the end of the peripheral wall 23 abuts on the mouthpiece wall portion 21. A microphone 30 is inserted and held on the other side of 23. The microphone 30 is attached to the printed circuit board 31 and transmits an audio signal to a circuit (not shown) via the printed circuit board 31.

上記構成を有する送話器１０では、外部からの音波は、送話口壁部２１に設けられた音孔２１ａを通過して前気室空間２０ａに導かれ、更にマイクロフォン側壁部２２に設けられた内部音孔２２ａからマイクロフォン３０の受音面に導かれる。ここで、前気室空間２０ａは、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン側壁部２２とを結ぶ直線（例えば周壁２３の中心線）と直交する断面（開口断面）が送話口壁部２１からマイクロフォン側壁部２２に向けてその面積（開口断面積）が減少するよう（円錐台形状）に構成されている。従って前気室空間２０ａは、送話口壁部２１の前気室空間２０ａ側の径と等しい径の円柱状形状空間よりも容積が小さい。 In the transmitter 10 having the above-described configuration, the sound wave from the outside passes through the sound hole 21 a provided in the mouthpiece wall portion 21 and is guided to the front air chamber space 20 a and is further provided in the microphone side wall portion 22. Then, the sound is guided from the internal sound hole 22 a to the sound receiving surface of the microphone 30. Here, the front air chamber space 20a has a cross section (opening cross section) orthogonal to the straight line (for example, the center line of the peripheral wall 23) connecting the mouthpiece wall 21 and the microphone side wall 22 from the mouthpiece wall 21 to the microphone. It is comprised so that the area (opening cross-sectional area) may decrease toward the side wall part 22 (conical truncated cone shape). Therefore, the front air chamber space 20a has a smaller volume than the cylindrical space having a diameter equal to the diameter of the mouthpiece wall 21 on the front air chamber space 20a side.

前気室空間２０ａは、送話口壁部２１側の径が２０ｍｍであり、マイクロフォン側壁部２２の径が８ｍｍであり、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン側壁部２２との距離が１０ｍｍであり、送話口壁部２１には、直径２ｍｍの音孔２１ａが３０個設けられている。ところで前気室空間を有する送話器のｆｔは、音孔の数をｎとし、前気室空間の容積をｃとするとき、次の（１）式で求めることができる。
ｆｔ＝ｋｔ（ｎ／ｃ）１／２・・・・（１）式 In the front air chamber space 20a, the diameter on the side of the mouthpiece wall 21 is 20 mm, the diameter of the microphone side wall 22 is 8 mm, and the distance between the mouthpiece wall 21 and the microphone side wall 22 is 10 mm. The mouthpiece wall 21 is provided with 30 sound holes 21a having a diameter of 2 mm. By the way, ft of the transmitter having the front air chamber space can be obtained by the following equation (1), where n is the number of sound holes and c is the volume of the front air chamber space.
ft = kt (n / c) 1/2 ... (1) Formula

すなわちｆｔは、音孔の数ｎの平方根に比例し、且つ前気室空間２０ａの容積ｃの平方根に反比例するのである。従って送話器１０は、円錐台形状の前気室空間２０ａを有することで、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン３０との距離を短縮することなく、前気室空間２０ａの小容積化を図って、広帯域化を実現できる。   That is, ft is proportional to the square root of the number n of sound holes and inversely proportional to the square root of the volume c of the front air chamber space 20a. Therefore, the microphone 10 has the truncated air cone-shaped front air space 20a, so that the front air space 20a can be reduced in volume without reducing the distance between the mouth wall 21 and the microphone 30. Thus, a wide band can be realized.

次に図３を用いて送話器１０の周波数特性例について説明する。図３は、横軸が音声の周波数であり、縦軸がマイクロフォン３０の出力電圧相対値（ｄＢ）である。図３の破線Ｌ１は、前気室空間が従来の円柱形状空間である場合の周波数特性であって、ｆｔが５ｋＨｚであり、５ｋＨｚにおいて約１０ｄＢブーストしている。図３の実線Ｌ２は送話器１０の周波数特性であって、ｆｔが７ｋＨｚであり、７ｋＨｚにおいて約５ｄＢブーストしている。すなわち送話器１０は、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン３０との距離を短縮することなく（マイクロフォン３０を静電気から保護しつつ）、ｆｔを５ｋＨｚから７ｋＨｚに高めて広帯域化を実現できるのである。   Next, an example of frequency characteristics of the transmitter 10 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the audio frequency, and the vertical axis represents the output voltage relative value (dB) of the microphone 30. A broken line L1 in FIG. 3 is a frequency characteristic when the front air chamber space is a conventional cylindrical space, and ft is 5 kHz, which is boosted by about 10 dB at 5 kHz. A solid line L2 in FIG. 3 is a frequency characteristic of the transmitter 10, where ft is 7 kHz and boosted by about 5 dB at 7 kHz. That is, the transmitter 10 can increase the frequency band from 5 kHz to 7 kHz without increasing the distance between the mouthpiece wall 21 and the microphone 30 (while protecting the microphone 30 from static electricity), thereby realizing a wide band. .

なお、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン側壁部２２とを結ぶ線分が直線でなくても、この線分と直交する断面が円形でなくても、送話口壁部２１からマイクロフォン側壁部２２に向け断面積を減少させれば、前気室空間２０ａの容積を小さくできる。従って、例えば図４に示すように、送話口壁部２１とマイクロフォン側壁部２２とが平行でない送話器であっても、送話器１０と同様に広帯域化ができる。   Even if the line segment connecting the mouthpiece wall part 21 and the microphone side wall part 22 is not a straight line, or even if the cross section perpendicular to the line segment is not circular, the microphone side wall part 22 extends from the mouthpiece wall part 21. If the cross-sectional area is decreased toward, the volume of the front air chamber space 20a can be reduced. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, even if the transmitter wall 21 and the microphone side wall 22 are not parallel, the bandwidth can be increased in the same manner as the transmitter 10.

次に図５〜７を参照して、本発明にかかる送話器の一実施形態他（実施例）について説明する。なお、図１に示した送話器と同一の機能を有する構成要素には同一の符号を附して、その説明を省略する。 Next, with reference to FIGS. 5-7, one Embodiment etc. (Example) of the transmitter concerning this invention are demonstrated. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component which has the same function as the transmitter shown in FIG. 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

図５に示す送話器１０ａは、第２の前気室２６、第１の前気室２０及びマイクロフォン３０を有している。送話器１０ａでは、ダンパ孔２５を有する隔壁２４が第２の前気室２６と第１の前気室２０との間に介在し、第１の前気室２０の一端側には隔壁２４が位置し、他端側にはマイクロフォン側壁部２２が位置し、第１の前気室２０が有する第１の前気室空間２０ａは、隔壁２４とマイクロフォン側壁部２２と第１の周壁２３ａとで画されている。また第２の前気室２６の一端側には送話口壁部２１が位置し、他端側には隔壁２４が位置し、第２の前気室空間２６ａは、送話口壁部２１と隔壁２４と第２の周壁２３ｂとで画されている。   A transmitter 10 a shown in FIG. 5 includes a second front air chamber 26, a first front air chamber 20, and a microphone 30. In the transmitter 10a, a partition wall 24 having a damper hole 25 is interposed between the second front air chamber 26 and the first front air chamber 20, and a partition wall 24 is provided at one end of the first front air chamber 20. The microphone side wall portion 22 is located on the other end side, and the first front air chamber space 20a of the first front air chamber 20 includes a partition wall 24, a microphone side wall portion 22, and a first peripheral wall 23a. It is drawn in. In addition, the mouthpiece wall 21 is located on one end side of the second front air chamber 26, the partition wall 24 is located on the other end side, and the second front air space 26a is located on the mouthpiece wall 21. And a partition wall 24 and a second peripheral wall 23b.

上記構成を有する送話器１０ａでは、外部からの音波は、音孔２１ａから第２の前気室空間２６ａに導かれ、ダンパ孔２５を経由して、更に第１の前気室空間２０ａに導かれ、そしてマイクロフォン側壁部２２に近傍に位置づけられたマイクロフォン３０の受音面に達する。ここでダンパ孔２５は、第１の前気室側２０ａにダンパ材２７を位置づけている。   In the transmitter 10a having the above-described configuration, external sound waves are guided from the sound hole 21a to the second front air chamber space 26a, and further to the first front air chamber space 20a via the damper hole 25. It reaches the sound receiving surface of the microphone 30 that is guided and positioned in the vicinity of the microphone side wall 22. Here, the damper hole 25 positions the damper material 27 on the first front air chamber side 20a.

送話器１０ａにおける各前気室等は、次の形状等を有している。送話口壁部２１には、直径２ｍｍの音孔が３０個設けられている。そして第２の前気室空間２６ａは、直径２０ｍｍの円柱形状をなし、約５ｋＨｚ近傍における送話器１０ａの周波数特性をブーストしており、また第１の前気室空間２０ａは、０．５ｃｃの容積を有している。   Each front air chamber or the like in the transmitter 10a has the following shape or the like. The mouthpiece wall 21 is provided with 30 sound holes with a diameter of 2 mm. The second front air space 26a has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 20 mm, boosts the frequency characteristics of the transmitter 10a in the vicinity of about 5 kHz, and the first front air space 20a has 0.5 cc. Has a volume of.

次に送話器１０ａにおける広帯域化について説明する。送話器１０ａは、ダンパ孔２５の形状（図６）と第１の前気室空間２０ａの容積ｃ１で決まる周波数ｆ１の近傍において、周波数特性をブーストする作用を有するが、ｆ１は、送話器１０ａの所望のｆｔ（例えば７ｋＨｚ）よりも低い中域周波数に設定される。具体的には、ｆ１は、ダンパ孔２５の孔径ａに比例し、ダンパ孔２５の長さｂと第１の前気室２０ａの容積ｃ１との積の平方根に反比例して、次の（２）式で求めることができる。
ｆ１＝ｋ１・ａ／（ｂ・ｃ１）１／２・・・（２）式 Next, widening the bandwidth of the transmitter 10a will be described. The transmitter 10a has an effect of boosting frequency characteristics in the vicinity of the frequency f1 determined by the shape of the damper hole 25 (FIG. 6) and the volume c1 of the first front air chamber space 20a. The mid-frequency is set lower than the desired ft (for example, 7 kHz) of the device 10a. Specifically, f1 is proportional to the hole diameter a of the damper hole 25, and inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the length b of the damper hole 25 and the volume c1 of the first front air chamber 20a. ).
f1 = k1 · a / (b · c1) 1/2 (2) equation

従って、ダンパ孔２５の孔径ａを大きくすれば、ｆ１を高くできるが、孔径ａをあまり大きくすると、ダンパ材２７の効果が減少するので、孔径ａを大きくすることには限界がある。またダンパ孔２５の長さｂを短くすればｆ１を高くできるが、隔壁２４を薄くしてダンパ孔２５の長さｂを短くすると、隔壁２４の強度に問題が生じる。そこで本発明においては、ダンパ孔２５を、第２の前気室２６から第１の前気室２０に向けて縮径する円錐台形状のガイド孔部２５ａと、第１の前気室２０ａ側に設けた孔の長さｂが０．７ｍｍで孔径ａが２．０ｍｍの円柱形状の出力孔部２５ｂとを連接した構造とし、出力孔部２５ｂの形状によってｆ１を定めている。すなわちダンパ孔２５は、ガイド孔部２５ａで隔壁２４の厚さを確保しつつ、出力孔部２５ｂでｆ１を高くすることができるのである。ここでダンパ孔２５は、第１の前気室２０ａ側にダンパ材２７（小さなメッシュを多数有する布地やスクリーン印刷用のメッシュ等）が貼り付けられている。 Therefore, if the hole diameter a of the damper hole 25 is increased, f1 can be increased. However, if the hole diameter a is increased too much, the effect of the damper material 27 is reduced, so there is a limit to increasing the hole diameter a . Further, if the length b of the damper hole 25 is shortened, f1 can be increased. However, if the partition wall 24 is thinned and the length b of the damper hole 25 is shortened, a problem occurs in the strength of the partition wall 24. Therefore, in the present invention, the damper hole 25 has a truncated conical guide hole portion 25a whose diameter decreases from the second front air chamber 26 toward the first front air chamber 20, and the first front air chamber 20a side. And a cylindrical output hole 25b having a hole length b of 0.7 mm and a hole diameter a of 2.0 mm connected to each other, and f1 is determined by the shape of the output hole 25b. That is, the damper hole 25 can increase the f1 at the output hole 25b while securing the thickness of the partition wall 24 at the guide hole 25a. Here, the damper hole 25 has a damper material 27 (a cloth having a large number of small meshes, a mesh for screen printing, or the like) attached to the first front air chamber 20a side.

次に図７を用いて送話器１０ａの周波数特性例について説明する。図７の破線Ｌ３は、前気室空間２０ａの円柱状形状空間によってブーストされた周波数特性であり、約５ｋＨｚにおいて例えば約１０ｄＢブーストされたものである。図７の一点鎖線Ｌ４は、破線Ｌ３で示す周波数特性がｆ１近傍のブースト（例えば約１０ｄＢ）によって広帯域化された周波数特性である。すなわち所望のｆｔ（例えば７ｋＨｚ）よりも低い中域周波数ｆ１をブーストすることで、送話器１０ａのｆｔを高めることができるのである。   Next, an example of frequency characteristics of the transmitter 10a will be described with reference to FIG. A broken line L3 in FIG. 7 is a frequency characteristic boosted by the cylindrical shape space of the front air chamber space 20a, and is boosted by, for example, about 10 dB at about 5 kHz. A one-dot chain line L4 in FIG. 7 is a frequency characteristic in which the frequency characteristic indicated by the broken line L3 is widened by a boost (for example, about 10 dB) near f1. That is, by boosting the mid frequency f1 lower than the desired ft (for example, 7 kHz), the ft of the transmitter 10a can be increased.

図７の実線Ｌ５は、ｆ１におけるブースト量をダンパ材２７の作用によって減少させて、送話器１０ａの周波数特性を平坦化したものである（実線Ｌ５で示す周波数特性は、前気室空間２０ａの円柱状形状空間で決まる周波数特性（破線Ｌ３）と、ダンパ孔２５の形状と第１の前気室空間２０ａの容積ｃ１に依存する周波数特性（一点鎖線Ｌ４）と、ダンパ材２７で決まる周波数特性とを乗じたものとなる）。ダンパ材２７の作用によって周波数特性を平坦化すれば、中域周波数ｆ１の近傍でブースト量を適正に維持しつつ、ｆｔ（７ｋＨｚ）近傍において、マイクロフォンの出力電圧相対値を０ｄＢ前後にして、送話器の広帯域化を実現できるのである。ここで第２の前気室空間２０ａを送話器１０と同様の円錐台形状にすれば、例えば７ｋＨｚ近傍の周波数特性をさらにブーストすることができる。またマイクロフォン側壁部２２に内部音孔を設けて、第２の前気室空間２０ａからマイクロフォン３０の受音面に音波を導いてもよい。   A solid line L5 in FIG. 7 is obtained by reducing the boost amount at f1 by the action of the damper material 27 and flattening the frequency characteristic of the transmitter 10a (the frequency characteristic indicated by the solid line L5 is the front air chamber space 20a). Frequency characteristic determined by the cylindrical shape space (dashed line L3), frequency characteristics depending on the shape of the damper hole 25 and the volume c1 of the first front air chamber space 20a (dashed line L4), and frequency determined by the damper material 27 Multiplied by the characteristic). If the frequency characteristics are flattened by the action of the damper material 27, the boost value is appropriately maintained in the vicinity of the middle frequency f1, and the microphone output voltage relative value is set to around 0 dB in the vicinity of ft (7 kHz). This makes it possible to widen the bandwidth of the speaker. Here, if the second front air chamber space 20a has a truncated cone shape similar to that of the transmitter 10, for example, the frequency characteristic in the vicinity of 7 kHz can be further boosted. Further, an internal sound hole may be provided in the microphone side wall portion 22 to guide sound waves from the second front air chamber space 20a to the sound receiving surface of the microphone 30.

なお発明に係る送話器は、上記各実施例に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変形し実施できる。   The transmitter according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the spirit thereof.

送話器を備えたハンドセットの外観例を示すものである。 The example of the external appearance of the handset provided with the transmitter is shown. 図１に示す送話器を含む送話器側端部の概略断面構成を示す図である。It is a diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the transmitter-side end portion including a transmitter shown in FIG. 図２の送話器における周波数特性の例を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the example of the frequency characteristic in the transmitter of FIG. 図１に示す送話器の変形例の概略断面構成を示す図である。It is a diagram showing a schematic sectional configuration of a modification of the transmitter shown in FIG. 本発明の一実施形態にかかる送話器を備えた部分のハンドセットの送話器近傍の概略断面構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic sectional structure of the transmitter vicinity of the part of the handset provided with the transmitter concerning one Embodiment of this invention. ダンパ孔の概略断面構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the schematic cross-section structural example of a damper hole. 図５の送話器における周波数特性の例を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the example of the frequency characteristic in the transmitter of FIG. 前気室を設けた従来の送話器の概略断面構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic cross-sectional structure of the conventional transmitter provided with the front air chamber.

１０ 送話器
２０ 前気室、第１の前気室
２０ａ 前気室空間、第１の前気室空間
２１ 送話口壁部
２１ａ 音孔
２２ マイクロフォン側壁部
２３ 周壁
２３ａ 第１の周壁
２３ｂ 第２の周壁
２４ 内部音孔
２５ ダンパ孔
２５ａ ガイド孔部
２５ｂ 出力孔部
２６ 第２の前気室
２６ａ 第２の前気室空間
２７ ダンパ材
３０ マイクロフォン 10 transmitter 20 front air chamber, first front air chamber 20a front air chamber space, first front air chamber space 21 mouthpiece wall portion 21a sound hole 22 microphone side wall portion 23 peripheral wall 23a first peripheral wall 23b first 2 peripheral wall 24 internal sound hole 25 damper hole 25a guide hole portion 25b output hole portion 26 second front air chamber 26a second front air chamber space 27 damper material 30 microphone

Claims (2)

外部から区画してマイクロフォンの受音面の前方に形成された第１の前気室と、
ダンパ孔を有する隔壁にて前記第１の前気室と区画されると共に、前記隔壁に対峙させて設けられた送話口壁部により外部から区画して設けられた第２の前気室と、
上記送話口壁部に設けられて外部からの音波を前記第２の前気室に導く音孔と、
前記第１の前気室側に設けられて前記ダンパ孔を介して前記第２の前気室から前記第１の前気室に導かれる音波の周波数特性を調整するダンパ材と
を具備した送話器において、
前記ダンパ孔は、前記第２の前気室から前記第１の前気室側に向けて孔断面の面積が減少するガイド孔部と、このガイド孔部に連接して前記第１の前気室に連通する孔断面の面積が一定の出力孔部と、を有することを特徴とする送話器。 A first front air chamber that is partitioned from the outside and formed in front of the sound receiving surface of the microphone;
A second front air chamber that is partitioned from the first front air chamber by a partition wall having a damper hole and that is partitioned from the outside by a mouthpiece wall portion provided to face the partition wall; ,
A sound hole provided in the mouthpiece wall portion for guiding an external sound wave to the second front air chamber;
A damper material which is provided on the first front air chamber side and adjusts frequency characteristics of sound waves guided from the second front air chamber to the first front air chamber via the damper hole;
In a transmitter equipped with
The damper hole includes a guide hole portion whose area of a hole cross section decreases from the second front air chamber toward the first front air chamber side, and the first front air connected to the guide hole portion. An output hole portion having a constant hole cross-sectional area communicating with the chamber; 前記第２の前気室は、前記送話口壁部から前記隔壁に向けて開口断面積が減少する空間を形成したものである請求項１に記載の送話器。 The transmitter according to claim 1 , wherein the second front air chamber forms a space in which an opening cross-sectional area decreases from the mouthpiece wall portion toward the partition wall.
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