JP4522920B2 - Wireless network - Google Patents

Description

The present invention has a radio link narrowband very relates to a wireless network which accommodates a large number of terminals.

  A typical mobile network configuration will be described with reference to FIG. There are terminals connected to the network via the base stations 105 to 112 and terminals 101 to 104 communicating with the devices of the network. Base stations 105-112 are accommodated in RAN-GW (Radio Network Gateway) 113-116. The RAN-GWs 113 to 116 terminate processing specific to the wireless section, and realize information transfer by a normal fixed network on the relay network side. The RAN and the GW are connected to each other by relay switching nodes 117 and 118 that perform relay switching connection. Further, since the terminals 101 to 104 move, a movement management device 119 for managing the position is provided in the network. Further, connection to another network 120 such as a fixed network or the Internet is made.

Here, for example, consider communication from the terminal 101 to the terminal 102. The terminal 101 transmits a signal “signal type = communication request, request source = terminal 101, communication partner = terminal 102” to the base station 105 using the ID (IDentification) of the terminal 102. Therefore, the terminal 101 typically makes a communication request to the base station 105 using a random access channel in the radio frame configuration shown in FIG. The base station 105 receives the signal and transfers it to the RAN-GW 113. The RAN-GW 113 that has received the signal is a communication request, and therefore analyzes the signal and determines that the other party is the terminal 102. Then, it requests the location information of the terminal 102 from the mobility management device 119. The mobility management device 119 that has received the location information request returns location information such as “subordinate to the base station 110” or “subordinate to the RAN-GW 115” to the RAN-GW 113 for the terminal 102. The RAN-GW 113 that has received the answer transmits a communication request to the base station 110 or the RAN-GW 115. The base station 110 or the RAN-GW 115 that has received the communication request uses a radio channel (hereinafter referred to as a broadcast channel) for notifying an incoming call called a broadcast channel or a paging channel shown in FIG. “Original = terminal 101, communication partner = terminal 102” is notified to the subordinate terminals (in the case of RAN-GW 115, all subordinate base stations, that is, subordinate to base stations 109 and 110). Each terminal always receives the broadcast channel and knows that there is a communication request to itself. The terminal 102 thus recognizes that there is communication with itself, and responds to the request, whereby communication between the terminals 101102 is started.
Note that Non-Patent Document 1 is known as a prior art.
“STD-T63 IMT-2000 DS-CDMA System”, Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) Study Committee, March 24, 2005, p. 25

According to the above technique, as the number of terminals increases, the terminal ID length for identifying the terminals increases. When the number of terminals is very large and the radio band is small, the radio band consumption due to the notification of the terminal ID information on the radio link becomes excessive.
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its object is also very large number of terminals, to provide a radio network consumes less radio band resource by the terminal ID is there.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the present invention provides a wireless network including a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication. The network apparatus includes: an ID assigning unit that assigns a short ID to a radio terminal with a high communication frequency, and assigns a long ID to a radio terminal with a low communication frequency, or a storage unit that stores the assigned ID; Notification means for notifying the wireless terminal of the assigned ID, and communication means for communicating with the wireless terminal using the stored ID, the wireless terminal being notified from the network device A storage unit that stores an ID; and a communication unit that communicates with the network device using the stored ID. Determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on the past communication history, and stores the ID stored in the storage means in the wireless terminal whose number of communications per unit time calculated from the number of past communications is smaller than a predetermined value A longer ID is assigned to a wireless terminal larger than a predetermined value by generating or updating an ID shorter than the ID stored in the storage means .

The present invention provides a wireless network including a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication. The network device provides a short ID to a wireless terminal having a high communication frequency, An ID assigning unit that generates and updates a long ID for a wireless terminal with a low communication frequency, a storage unit that stores the assigned ID, a notification unit that notifies the wireless terminal of the assigned ID, and the wireless A communication unit that communicates with the terminal using the stored ID, and the wireless terminal stores between the storage unit that stores the ID notified from the network device and the network device. Communication means for performing communication using the stored ID, and the ID assignment means determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on the past communication history. The wireless communication terminal stores the latest communication time for each wireless terminal, and generates or updates an ID longer than the ID stored in the storage means for the wireless terminal that has passed a predetermined time from the communication time. It is characterized by assigning .

The present invention provides a wireless network including a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication. The network device provides a short ID to a wireless terminal having a high communication frequency, Communication is performed between the ID assignment unit that generates and updates a long ID for a wireless terminal with low communication frequency, the storage unit that stores the assigned ID, and the wireless terminal. The wireless terminal includes an ID assigning unit that assigns the same ID by the same method as the ID assigning unit of the network device assigns an ID, a storage unit that stores the assigned ID, Communication means for communicating with the network device using the stored ID, and the ID assignment means Whether the frequency is high or low is determined based on the past communication history, and the wireless terminal whose number of communications per unit time calculated from the past number of communications is smaller than a predetermined value is longer than the ID stored in the storage unit Is assigned to a wireless terminal larger than a predetermined value by generating or updating an ID shorter than the ID stored in the storage means .

The present invention provides a wireless network including a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication. The network device provides a short ID to a wireless terminal having a high communication frequency, Communication is performed between the ID assignment unit that generates and updates a long ID for a wireless terminal with low communication frequency, the storage unit that stores the assigned ID, and the wireless terminal. The wireless terminal includes an ID assigning unit that assigns the same ID by the same method as the ID assigning unit of the network device assigns an ID, a storage unit that stores the assigned ID, Communication means for communicating with the network device using the stored ID, and the ID assignment means Whether the frequency is high or low is determined based on the past communication history, the latest communication time is held for each of the wireless terminals, and the storage means includes the storage means for a predetermined time from the communication time An ID longer than the ID stored in is generated or updated and assigned .

The present invention is characterized in that the ID assigning means generates an ID longer than the ID stored in the storage means by adding an extension to the ID stored in the storage means .

The present invention is characterized in that the communication means of the base station identifies an incoming terminal using the ID assigned by the ID assigning means when an incoming call arrives at the wireless terminal .

The present invention is characterized in that the communication means of the wireless terminal specifies its own terminal using the ID assigned by the ID assigning means when a communication request is made to the base station .

According to the present invention , the wireless terminal further holds a real ID fixedly assigned to each wireless terminal in addition to the ID assigned by the ID assigning means, and the communication means of the wireless terminal allows other wireless terminals to The network ID is identified and written on a signal and transmitted to the base station, and one of the network devices converts the book ID written in the signal transferred from the base station that received the signal into the book. An ID conversion means for converting the wireless terminal holding the ID into an ID assigned by the ID assignment means is provided, and the base station accommodating the other wireless terminal is converted by the ID conversion means of the network device. It communicates with the said other radio | wireless terminal using ID which was set .

According to the present invention, a short ID is assigned to a terminal with high communication frequency, and a long ID is assigned to a terminal that is not so, so that it is possible to uniquely identify each terminal while suppressing the consumption of the average wireless castle. can do. For example, suppose that there are 250,000 terminals that communicate five times an hour and 15 million terminals that communicate once a month. A 12-bit ID is assigned to the former and a 24-bit ID is assigned to the latter. ID length averaged by the number of uses is
(12 bits × 5 times × 24 hours × 30 days + 24 bits × 1 time) / (5 times × 24 hours × 30 days + 1 time) = 12.0033
Thus, communication can be performed with the same efficiency as when a 12-bit ID is assigned.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Each terminal has a fixed-length permanent ID that is fixedly assigned and a variable-length temporary ID that is used for normal communication (variable, that is, changeable after assignment). In this embodiment, the temporary ID is assigned so that each RAN-GW can uniquely identify the terminal under control, and the temporary ID assigned by the RAN-GW number and the RAN-GW (hereinafter referred to as an extended temporary ID) It is assumed that the terminal can be uniquely identified in the network.

  Similar to the example described in the prior art, a case where a communication request is made from the terminal 101 to the terminal 102 will be described as an example. Each terminal holds a real ID and an extended temporary ID. As shown in FIG. 4, each RAN-GW holds a table (hereinafter referred to as an “ID table”) that includes pairs of main IDs and temporary IDs of all terminals under the subordinate and update time information. The temporary ID is “generated”, “used”, “updated”, and “deleted” as follows.

  When each terminal changes its base station area (if the paging area is not the base station area and the RAN-GW area, the higher RAN-GW of the base station) due to movement, “signal type = location registration request, A signal of “position = base station area number or RAN-GW number, requesting terminal = real ID of the terminal” is transmitted to the base station (eg, base station 105). The base station transfers the signal to an upper RAN-GW (eg, RAN-GW 113).

  In RAN-GW (example: RAN-GW 113), since the signal type is a location registration request, the content of the signal is analyzed. If the real ID of the signal is present in the ID table, the signal is transferred to the mobility management device 119. If it does not exist in the ID table, (1) A “short” temporary ID to be paid out to the terminal is determined (“generated”) by a predetermined method, and written in the ID table together with the real ID (update time is set) Set to the current time). Then, (2) the information of the extended temporary ID is added to the same location registration request signal, “signal type = location registration request, position = base station area number or RAN-GW number, requesting terminal = real ID of the terminal, extended temporary ID The signal “ID” is transferred to the mobility management device 119.

  The mobility management device 119 that has received the location registration request signal refers to the database. The database has the information of FIG. 3 regarding each terminal. A database is searched based on this ID, and the base station area number or RAN-GW number of the terminal is stored as position information.

  Next, the extended temporary ID on the database is compared with the extended temporary ID of the location registration request. Also, the RAN-GW number of the extended temporary ID on the database is compared with the RAN-GW number of the extended temporary ID of the location registration request. If they are different, the RAN-GW having the RAN-GW number of the old extended temporary ID (example) : RAN-GW 114) is requested to delete items related to the terminal having the real ID of the location registration request from the ID table. The RAN-GW (for example, the RAN-GW 114) that has received the deletion request deletes the item from the own ID table (“deletion”).

  The mobility management device 119 that has completed the process related to location registration transmits a location registration completion signal to the location registration request transfer source RAN-GW (eg, RAN-GW 113) together with the real ID of the location registration request terminal. The RAN-GW that has received the location registration completion signal adds the information of the extended temporary ID and transmits the location registration completion signal to the location registration requesting terminal. By receiving the signal, the terminal obtains an extended temporary ID.

  In this way, each terminal updates the extended temporary ID, and each RAN-GW can also hold it while updating the main ID and the extended temporary ID for all the subordinate terminals. With the generated short ID, communication is made efficient as follows (“use”).

  For example, it is assumed that a communication request from the terminal 101 to the terminal 102 is generated. The terminal 101 transmits a signal “signal type = communication request, request source = temporary ID of the terminal 101, communication partner = real ID of the terminal 102” to the base station 105. The base station 105 receives the signal and transfers it to the RAN-GW 113. Since the RAN-GW 113 that has received the signal is a communication request, the RAN-GW 113 analyzes the signal and (1) sets the update time of the record in which the temporary ID in the ID table matches the temporary ID of the terminal 101 as the current time. . (2) Check that the communication partner does not exist on the ID table, and request the location information of the terminal 102 from the mobility management device 119. Here, if the communication partner exists on the ID table, the communication partner exists under the RAN-GW. Therefore, as described below, processing similar to the processing in the RAN-GW 115 that has received the communication request is performed. This is performed in the RAN-GW 113.

The mobility management device 119 that has received the location information request returns location information such as “subordinate to the base station 110” or “subordinate to the RAN-GW 115” to the RAN-GW 113. The RAN-GW 113 that has received the response transmits the RAN-GW 115 as “signal type = communication request, request source = real ID of the terminal 101, communication partner = real ID of the terminal 102”.

  The RAN-GW 115 that has received the communication request sets (1) the update time of the record in which the real ID in the ID table matches the real ID of the terminal 102 as the current time. Then, (2) “Signal type = communication request, request source = real ID of terminal 101, communication partner = temporary ID of terminal 102”, and base station 110 that accommodates terminal 102 (or all bases under RAN-GW 115) Station). In the base station, the subordinate terminal is notified through the broadcast channel. The terminal 102 recognizes that there is a communication request from the signal, and responds to the request, whereby communication between the terminals 101 and 102 is started.

  In the above communication request, the terminal 101 can use the temporary ID as its own ID, and the base station 110 can use the temporary ID as the ID of the terminal 102 to shorten the ID length. Even during subsequent communication, it is possible to communicate with a short temporary ID.

Now, since the generated short temporary ID cannot be counted because the number of bits is small, it is changed to a long temporary ID in order from the terminal with the lower communication frequency ("update") as follows.
Each RAN-GW determines the provisional ID update time in advance. For example, it is assumed that 1 hour has elapsed since the update time of the ID table, 1 day has elapsed, 1 month has elapsed, and so on. When the update time comes, the temporary ID is changed to a temporary ID longer than the previous temporary ID, registered in the ID table, and notified to the mobility management apparatus 119 as a new temporary ID. The mobility management apparatus 119 receives the notification and updates and holds the temporary ID.

  For updating the temporary ID, the new temporary ID may be generated completely independently of the old temporary ID, but the new temporary ID can be generated in the form of taking over the old temporary ID as follows. Specifically, an extension is added to the old temporary ID to obtain a new temporary ID. For example, in the example of the above update time, the time information (0 to 23) at the time of update is added to the first temporary ID after one hour has elapsed to obtain a new temporary ID. After one day has passed, date information (1 to 31) at the time of update is further added to obtain a new temporary ID. After the elapse of one month, the year / month information at the time of renewal is added to obtain a new temporary ID. In this way, if the temporary ID generated first is not duplicated by the first update time, the terminal can be uniquely identified without duplication thereafter. Also, when notifying the terminal having the temporary ID of the new temporary ID, only the added extension part is notified, or the terminal also manages the update time and update time and autonomously generates a new temporary ID. , Provisional ID update notification becomes unnecessary.

  In the above embodiment, each RAN-GW has been exemplified as the provision, management, and update of a temporary ID. However, other network devices such as a mode performed by the mobility management device 119 and a mode performed by each base station perform the processing. It is also possible.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the mobility management device 119 generates a temporary ID according to the number of communication times of each terminal. Each terminal is assumed to have a fixed-length real ID that is fixedly assigned and a variable-length temporary ID that is used for normal communication (variable, that is, changeable after assignment). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the terminal can be uniquely identified in the network by the temporary ID.

  Similar to the example described in the prior art, a case where a communication request is made from the terminal 101 to the terminal 102 will be described as an example. Each terminal holds a real ID and a temporary ID. As shown in FIG. 5, the mobility management device 119 stores a table of the real IDs, temporary ID lengths, temporary IDs, location information, the number of communications, the service start time of the terminals, and temporary ID last update time information on the database. luggage. The RAN-GW or the base station has a correspondence table of real IDs and temporary IDs for all terminals under the control. In the following description, it is assumed that the RAN-GW has a correspondence table. The temporary ID is “used” and “updated” as follows. For a new terminal, the mobility management device 119 generates a temporary ID having an average length by a predetermined method, and notifies it when the power is turned on.

  When each terminal changes its base station area (if the paging area is not the base station area and the RAN-GW area, the higher RAN-GW of the base station) due to movement, “signal type = location registration request, A signal of “position = base station area number or RAN-GW number, request terminal = temporary ID” is transmitted to the base station (eg, base station 105). The base station transfers the signal to an upper RAN-GW (eg, RAN-GW 113). In the RAN-GW (eg, RAN-GW 113), since the signal type is a location registration request, the location registration request signal is transferred to the mobility management device 119.

  The mobility management device 119 that has received the location registration request refers to the database. The database is searched based on the temporary ID, and the base station area number or RAN-GW number of the terminal is stored as position information. Next, the temporary ID last update time on the database is checked, and if a predetermined time (for example, one week) has elapsed, the temporary ID is updated as follows. The average number of communications / time after the service is started is calculated from the number of communications of the terminal in the database, the service start time, and the current time / date. For example, one value is determined from four ID lengths depending on the value of this value. For example, 12 bits if 10.0 or more, 18 bits if 1.0 or more and less than 10.0, 24 bits if 0.1 or more and less than 1.0, and 32 bits if less than 0.1. Among the determined bit lengths, the unused ones are checked on the database, and set as a new temporary ID. Then, the temporary ID and temporary ID last update time of the record of the terminal on the database are updated and held. If a predetermined time has not elapsed since the temporary ID last update time, the above-described processing relating to the allocation of a new temporary ID is not performed.

  Next, the mobility management device 119 assigns a location registration completion signal to the location registration request transfer source RAN-GW (eg, RAN-GW 113) by assigning the real ID and temporary ID (new temporary ID) of the location registration requesting terminal. If so, it is transmitted together with the old and new temporary IDs). The RAN-GW that has received the same location registration completion signal checks the correspondence table between the real ID and the temporary ID, and if the real ID does not exist in the correspondence table, newly registers the correspondence between the real ID and the temporary ID. If a new temporary ID is assigned, the temporary ID is updated to the new temporary ID and held. Then, the location registration completion signal is transferred to the location registration requesting terminal. When the temporary ID is updated, the terminal receives the signal to obtain a new temporary ID.

  In the above description, the temporary ID is updated at the time of position registration. However, it is of course possible to update the temporary ID at the start / end of communication or at regular intervals. The generated ID is made efficient by assigning a short temporary ID to a terminal having a large number of communications.

  Here, it is assumed that a communication request from the terminal 101 to the terminal 102 is generated. The terminal 101 transmits a signal “signal type = communication request, request source = temporary ID of the terminal 101, communication partner = real ID of the terminal 102” to the base station 105. The base station 105 receives the signal and transfers it to the RAN-GW 113. The RAN-GW 113 that has received the signal transmits a location information request signal to the mobility management device 119.

  The mobility management device 119 that has received the signal searches the database and extracts the records of the terminal 101 and the terminal 102. Add one each for the number of communications of both records. Then, the location information of the terminal 102 such as “under the control of the base station 110” or “under the control of the RAN-GW 115” is returned to the RAN-GW 113. The RAN-GW 113 that has received the position information response for the terminal 102 transmits to the RAN-GW 115 as “signal type = communication request, request source = real ID of the terminal 101, communication partner = real ID of the terminal 102”.

  The RAN-GW 115 that has received the communication request transmits the base station 110 (or all bases under the RAN-GW 115 as “signal type = communication request, request source = real ID of the terminal 101, communication partner = temporary ID of the terminal 102”). Station). In the base station, the subordinate terminal is notified through the broadcast channel. The terminal 102 recognizes that there is a communication request from the signal, and responds to the request to start communication between the terminals 101 and 102.

  In the communication request, the terminal 101 uses the temporary ID as its own ID, and the base station 110 uses the temporary ID as the ID of the terminal 102. If these terminals are terminals with a large number of communications, a short ID length is assigned, so communication can be performed efficiently.

  In the above description, a short temporary ID is given to a terminal that is estimated to have a high communication frequency based on the number of communications. However, the provision of the temporary ID length is not limited to this. For example, when a terminal application can be assumed, or when a high-frequency terminal can be assumed by a charge plan or the like, a temporary ID length can be determined based on these pieces of information and a temporary ID can be assigned. In that case, the provisional ID length corresponding to the terminal is used from the first generation. Furthermore, updating is not essential.

  The present invention is used in a wireless network that accommodates a large number of terminals.

It is a figure which shows the structure of a mobile body network. It is a figure which shows the radio | wireless frame structure between a terminal and a base station. It is a figure which shows the structure of the information which a movement management apparatus has in a database in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of ID table which RAN-GW has. It is a figure which shows the structure of the information which a movement management apparatus has in a database in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

101-104 ... Terminals 105-112 ... Base stations 113-116 ... RAN-GW
117, 118 ... Relay exchange node 119 ... Mobility management device 120 ... Other network

Claims (8)

In a wireless network having a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication,
The network device includes: an ID assigning unit that generates and updates a short ID for a wireless terminal with a high communication frequency and a long ID for a wireless terminal with a low communication frequency, and a storage unit that stores the assigned ID; Notifying means for notifying the assigned ID to the wireless terminal, and communication means for communicating with the wireless terminal using the stored ID,
The wireless terminal includes a storage unit for storing the notified ID from the network device, between the network device have a communication means for communicating with the ID and the storage,
The ID assigning means determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on a past communication history, and the storage means is provided for a wireless terminal whose number of communications per unit time calculated from the number of past communications is smaller than a predetermined value. A wireless network characterized in that an ID longer than the ID stored in (2) is assigned to a wireless terminal greater than a predetermined value by generating or updating an ID shorter than the ID stored in the storage means . In a wireless network having a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication,
The network device includes: an ID assigning unit that generates and updates a short ID for a wireless terminal with a high communication frequency and a long ID for a wireless terminal with a low communication frequency, and a storage unit that stores the assigned ID; Notifying means for notifying the assigned ID to the wireless terminal, and communication means for communicating with the wireless terminal using the stored ID,
The wireless terminal includes a storage unit that stores an ID notified from the network device, and a communication unit that performs communication with the network device using the stored ID.
The ID assigning means determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on a past communication history, maintains a recent communication time for each wireless terminal, and a wireless device for which a predetermined time has elapsed from the communication time A wireless network characterized in that an ID longer than an ID stored in the storage means is generated or updated and assigned to a terminal. In a wireless network having a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication,
The network device includes: an ID assigning unit that generates and updates a short ID for a wireless terminal with a high communication frequency and a long ID for a wireless terminal with a low communication frequency, and a storage unit that stores the assigned ID; Communication means for communicating with the wireless terminal using the stored ID;
The wireless terminal includes an ID assigning unit that assigns the same ID by the same method that an ID assigning unit of the network device assigns an ID, a storage unit that stores the assigned ID, and the network device Communication means for performing communication using the stored ID ,
The ID assigning means determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on a past communication history, and the storage means is provided for a wireless terminal whose number of communications per unit time calculated from the number of past communications is smaller than a predetermined value. A wireless network characterized in that an ID longer than the ID stored in (2) is assigned to a wireless terminal greater than a predetermined value by generating or updating an ID shorter than the ID stored in the storage means . In a wireless network having a wireless terminal and a network device including a base station that accommodates the wireless terminal and a device that relays communication,
The network device includes: an ID assigning unit that generates and updates a short ID for a wireless terminal with a high communication frequency and a long ID for a wireless terminal with a low communication frequency, and a storage unit that stores the assigned ID; Communication means for communicating with the wireless terminal using the stored ID;
The wireless terminal includes an ID assigning unit that assigns the same ID by the same method that an ID assigning unit of the network device assigns an ID, a storage unit that stores the assigned ID, and the network device Communication means for performing communication using the stored ID,
The ID assigning means determines whether the communication frequency is high or low based on a past communication history, maintains a recent communication time for each wireless terminal, and a wireless device for which a predetermined time has elapsed from the communication time A wireless network characterized in that an ID longer than an ID stored in the storage means is generated or updated and assigned to a terminal. The ID assignment means, by adding an extension to the ID stored in the storage means, any one of claims 1 4, characterized in that to produce a longer ID from ID stored in the storage means A wireless network as described in. Communication means of the base station, wherein when an incoming call to the wireless terminal, to any one of claims 1 5, characterized in that identifying the called terminal by using the ID assigned by the ID assignment means Wireless network. Communication means of said wireless terminal, when the communication request to the base station, to any one of claims 1 5, characterized in that identifying the own terminal by using the ID assigned by the ID assignment means The described wireless network. In addition to the ID assigned by the ID assigning means, the wireless terminal further holds a real ID fixedly assigned to each wireless terminal,
The communication means of the wireless terminal identifies another wireless terminal by the real ID, expresses it on a signal and transmits it to the base station,
Any of the network devices changes the real ID described in the signal transferred from the base station that received the signal to the ID assigned by the ID assigning unit to the wireless terminal that holds the real ID. Having ID conversion means for conversion,
Base station which accommodates the other wireless terminal, any one of claims 1 5, characterized in that communicating with the other wireless terminals by using the converted ID by the ID converter means of the network device A wireless network as described in.

Images