JP4518914B2 - Residential - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a house having a window on the top of an inclined roof, in particular, a gable's wife.

  Traditionally, in houses, sloping ceilings are formed along the slope of the gable roof, and the attic space is used as an attic or storage room, or the attic space is integrated with the lower room to expand vertically in the living room. Has been carried out.

  In a room with such an inclined ceiling, in order to ensure ventilation performance and smoke exhaustion performance at the time of fire without using equipment such as a ventilation fan or air conditioning equipment, or to discharge hot air in summer, the top of the inclined ceiling ( That is, it is preferable to install a window having an effective opening area for ventilation and smoke removal at a position as close as possible to the top of the gable face of the gable roof. In terms of building regulations, in the case of an inclined ceiling, the opening above the line below the predetermined dimension from the average ceiling height is considered to be an effective opening for ventilation and smoke emission.

For this reason, the example which installs a window along the top part of the gable face of a gable roof is increasing. For example, by dividing the window frame by a vertical member, a frame having a shape that can be easily opened and closed is formed on the inside of the window frame, and an opening / closing shoji is provided on the inside. And what connects the vertical member of a window frame and the vertical saddle of a shoji with opening / closing mechanisms, such as a hinge and a link mechanism, is known (refer patent document 1). In addition, there is a technique in which the same triangular window plate is provided inside the triangular window frame, and the upper part is opened so that the upper part is separated from the window frame to the indoor side around the bottom side of the window plate. (See Patent Document 2).
JP-A-8-193380 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-87784

  However, according to Patent Document 1, when installing a window along the top of the gable face of the gable roof, a vertical member (a vertical frame for a window frame, a vertical frame for a shoji) is provided for each of the window frame and the shoji. It is necessary to connect the vertical members with an opening / closing mechanism such as a hinge or a link mechanism. In other words, this vertical window frame (vertical frame) is for supporting the entire shoji and requires a certain length and thickness in terms of strength. Therefore, even if a substantially triangular window is installed, the window frame is divided into three vertically, and only the center part, that is, a part of the window is a pentagonal opening / closing window, and both sides must be fixed windows that cannot be opened and closed. In some cases, a sufficiently effective opening area cannot be ensured. In this case, in order to ensure a sufficient opening area, there is a problem that the entire window must be excessively large.

  In addition, when trying to secure an effective opening area as much as possible for ventilation and smoke exhaustion above a certain height of the top of the wife surface, a right triangle on both outer sides of the vertical frame is such a pentagonal opening having a vertical frame. Is no longer valid.

  In addition, the number of components increases because the window is divided into a plurality of parts, which increases the labor and cost of production work and increases the construction cost of the house, and increases the noise on the exterior design of the building. There is also a problem.

  According to the technique of Patent Document 2, there is a problem in that the bottom of the window plate serving as the center of rotation is always closed even in the open state, and the ability to ventilate or smoke is not sufficient because it rotates to the indoor side. It was.

  In addition, when installing a screen door for insect protection, if the screen door position is inside the window plate, it is necessary to move the screen door back to a position where it does not interfere with the inwardly open window plate, reducing the effective space in the room. If the screen door is outside the window plate, even if the window plate is opened, only a slight gap is formed near the ceiling surface, making it difficult to clean the screen door. There was a problem that it deteriorated and a problem that the appearance of the house was damaged.

  Thus, in the prior art, since only a part of the window is opened and closed, there is a drawback that the ventilation area is small and the ventilation efficiency must be limited. Therefore, when using the attic portion, it may be necessary to separately provide equipment such as air conditioning.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, has a sloped roof with a wife face, and has a window at the top of the wife face, and sufficient ventilation performance can be obtained without enlarging the window. It is an object of the present invention to provide a house that can obtain a favorable roof environment by setting a window that has a simple structure, can reduce costs, and has an excellent design appearance.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a house having a sloped roof with a gable face and having a window at the top of the gable face, and the inside of the sloped roof has a sloped roof. An indoor space having a ceiling is formed along the window, and the window includes a window frame having a lower frame and an upper frame along the roof slope, a shoji that matches the shape of the window frame, and an opposing frame. An auxiliary frame attached in a bridging manner , wherein the shoji is provided with a crosspiece at a position facing the auxiliary frame, and the window further includes the auxiliary frame and the shoji crosspiece . An opening / closing mechanism attached between the doors is provided , and the shoji is configured such that the entire surface can move toward the outside of the room.

The invention according to claim 2, Oite to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism, said a linkage mounted between the auxiliary frame and the sash, the entire surface while maintaining the shoji substantially parallel outdoor It is comprised so that it can move toward.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the auxiliary frame is attached as an auxiliary vertical frame between the upper frame and the lower frame in a bridging manner, and the shoji is a single daylighting plate material, It is characterized by comprising a saddle member that holds the periphery of the daylighting plate material and the crosspiece, and the crosspiece is attached to the saddle member in a bridging manner at a position inside the surface of the daylighting plate member.

The invention according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third aspects, the inclined roof is a gable roof.

According to the invention of claim 1 , in an indoor space (living room or storage room) having an inclined ceiling formed inside an inclined roof, the auxiliary frame having an opening / closing mechanism (on the indoor side of the shoji) of the window frame is provided. Therefore, it is possible to open the entire surface regardless of the shape of the window frame (the entire periphery of the shoji is separated from the window frame), and it is easy to secure effective ventilation and smoke exhaustion area. The thermal environment of the attic space and the safety in case of fire can be improved. In addition, when there is a vertical frame, the length of the vertical frame can be shortened as much as possible.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2 , the mechanism protruded in parallel by the link opening / closing mechanism attached to the auxiliary | assistant frame becomes simple, and it becomes compact in the closed state of a window. In addition, link members can be used even for windows that do not have a vertical frame, and there is no need for special design for the link mechanism. Is obtained).

According to the invention of claim 3 , the auxiliary frame is an auxiliary vertical frame, and the shoji screen is provided with a crosspiece at a position facing the auxiliary vertical frame so as not to contact the lighting plate surface. A daylighting surface can be configured with only one daylighting plate, and a house with a simple appearance and excellent design can be formed.

  In addition, since the link mechanism can also be installed vertically, it is possible to divert the conventional product, and the labor and cost of production can be reduced, and the construction cost of the house can be suppressed.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following points can be given as the overall effect.
(1) An effective opening area can be secured at a position as high as possible on the top of the wife face with a smaller window than before, enabling efficient ventilation and smoke exhaustion.
(2) The entire area of the shoji and the entire circumference slightly protrude from the window frame to the outside of the room, so that an effective opening area can be obtained, and the efficiency of exhaust and smoke emission can be increased.
(3) The design is improved by an unprecedented window that can be opened and closed with a shoji screen.
(4) Since the structure is simple, the cost is low, and since there are few joints, the waterproof property is excellent.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, the above-mentioned various effect can be exhibited most efficiently.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described for the house of FIG. The house has a gable roof 1, and a window 2 is installed on the top of the gable face 1a. Inside the gable roof 1 is formed an indoor space in which an oblique ceiling is formed along the roof slope.

  The window 2 is composed of a window frame 3 and a shoji 4 fixed to the end face 1a. The peripheral edge of the window frame 3 on the outdoor side is formed in a frame shape, and the shoji 4 is fitted and fitted inside the frame. The outdoor side is configured to have a planar shape as a whole.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the window frame 3 is substantially divided by two inclined upper frames 5 along the downward slope of the roof and a lower frame 6 connecting the lower ends of the two upper frames 5. It is formed in an equilateral triangular shape. The upper frame 5 and the lower frame 6 are each formed by combining a metal frame portion a facing the outdoor side and a synthetic resin resin frame portion b facing the indoor side. Further, metal frames 7a and 7b are fixed to the outer periphery, and are formed in a frame shape projecting to the outdoor side of the metal frame portion a. The window frame 3 is a substantially isosceles triangle, and can thereby be fixed to the frame structure material 8 in the opening of the house.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the shoji 4 is a metal saddle member that holds the periphery of one daylighting plate member (glass plate) 9, that is, two inclined upper ridges 10 that are arranged obliquely on the left and right. And the lower rod 11 are assembled into an isosceles triangle shape whose overall shape matches the shape of the window frame 3.

  The resin frame portion b of the window frame 3 is formed so as to cover the indoor side finding surface of the shovel of the shoji 4, thereby ensuring heat insulation.

  The shoji 4 is configured so that the entire surface can be moved toward the outside of the door while maintaining a substantially parallel state by an appropriate opening / closing mechanism 12. As the opening / closing mechanism 12 for moving and opening / closing in this way, a known link opening / closing mechanism 21 connecting a plurality of stays 12a, 12b as shown in FIG. 6 may be used. That is, in each upper frame 5 of the window frame 3 and each upper frame 10 of the shoji 4, and in the lower frame 6 of the window frame 3 and the lower frame 11 of the shoji 4, one stay 12a is used as the frame material, and the other stay 12a is used as the frame material. And the window frame 3 and the shoji 4 may be connected via the three link opening / closing mechanisms 21. Then, one link opening / closing mechanism is operated manually or electrically, and the other link opening / closing mechanism is also driven by this operation, whereby the entire shoji can be moved in the horizontal direction to open / close the window 2. The opening / closing mechanism is not necessarily limited to the one using a link mechanism.

  According to the house having the above-described structure, the window is provided on the top of the wife surface that easily discharges indoor air, and the entire surface of the shoji 4 is configured to move outward. Since it is separated from the frame, it is easy to secure effective ventilation and smoke exhaust area in the interior space with the slanted ceiling formed inside the gable roof, and the interior space in the attic with a small window 2 compared to the conventional technology The thermal environment and fire safety can be improved.

  Further, the entire shape of the window 2 having a free shape can be opened and closed as a single unit without limiting the outer shape of the opening.

  Furthermore, compared with the case of opening and closing the opening formed by partitioning a part of the window frame 3, the configuration is simple and the configuration is simple, so the number of members and assembly man-hours can be reduced, and high-quality houses can be purchased. Can be offered at an easy-to-use price.

  Furthermore, since the appearance of the sash becomes simple, an opening having an excellent design can be provided.

  Next, FIG. 7 is a vertical auxiliary frame in the vertical direction from the middle to the indoor side (inner side from the shoji) of the two sides of the window frame 3 having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. This is an example of a house provided with 13.

  The house has a gable roof 1, and a window 2 is installed on the top of the gable face 1a. Inside the gable roof 1 is formed an indoor space in which an oblique ceiling is formed along the roof slope.

  The window 2 is composed of a window frame 3 and a shoji 4 fixed to the wife surface, the peripheral edge of the window frame 3 on the outdoor side is formed in a frame shape, and the shoji 4 is fitted in the inside to fit the outdoor. It is comprised so that the side may make a planar shape as a whole.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the window frame 3 is roughly divided into two inclined upper frames 5 along the downward slope of the roof and a lower frame 6 connecting the lower ends of the two upper frames 5. It is formed in an equilateral triangular shape. The upper frame 5 and the lower frame 6 are each formed by combining a metal frame portion a facing the outdoor side and a synthetic resin resin frame portion b facing the indoor side. Further, metal frame receiving members 7a and 7b are fixed to the outer periphery, and are formed in a frame shape so as to protrude to the outdoor side of the metal frame portion a.

  The resin frame portion b of the window frame 3 covers the indoor-side finding surface of the shovel 4 when the shoji 4 is closed to ensure heat insulation.

  Next, inside the window frame 3, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, a pair of auxiliary vertical frames 13 vertically opposed between the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 6 facing each other are bridged. Is provided. The auxiliary vertical frame 13 is composed of a metal main body 13a and a resin cover 13b, and the metal main body 13a is fixed to the upper frame 5 and lower frame 6 of the window frame 3 with screws through appropriate mounting brackets (not shown). ing. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 14, the resin cover 13b has a U-shaped cross section and is attached by being fitted from the indoor side and screwed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, the shoji 4 has a metal casing, that is, the entire outer shape of the shoji 4 is assembled by assembling the upper eaves 10 and the lower eaves 11 arranged obliquely to the left and right. It is configured in the same isosceles triangle shape as the window frame 3.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 12, and 13, a pair of vertical beams 14 that are vertically opposed to each other are bridged between the upper and lower ridges 10 and 11 of the shoji 4 facing each other. Is provided. That is, the vertical beam 14 is formed in a plate shape at the upper and lower portions, and the hollow portion 15 is formed in the middle portion. As shown in FIG. 13, the upper and lower ends 14 a and 14 b of the vertical rail 14 are fitted into fitting grooves 16 and 17 formed on the indoor side of the upper rod 10 and the lower rod 11, respectively, and further fixed by screws 18. ing. The lower end of the vertical beam 14 is fitted in the fitting groove 17 together with the filling 19.

  The vertical bar 14 of the shoji 4 and the auxiliary vertical frame 13 of the window frame 3 are provided at positions facing each other, and the vertical bar 14 is configured to fit inside the auxiliary vertical frame 13 when the shoji 4 is closed. .

  The auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the vertical rail 14 are connected via a link opening / closing mechanism 21 including a plurality of stays. As shown in FIG. 10, the link opening / closing mechanism 21 is disposed inside the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and is connected to the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the hollow portion 15 of the vertical beam 14. The metal lower frame 6 and the lower collar 11 are also connected via a link opening / closing mechanism 21. As the link opening / closing mechanism 21, a known mechanism having a mechanism capable of moving the shoji 4 in the horizontal direction may be used.

  An opening / closing mechanism that can use the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the vertical rail 14 is sufficient, and is not necessarily limited to the link opening / closing mechanism.

  In the above configuration, the link opening / closing mechanism 21 is operated by operating the handle 22 from the indoor side, whereby the entire surface of the shoji 4 is moved toward the outdoor side in a substantially parallel manner as shown in FIG. The entire periphery of the shoji is separated from the window frame.

  According to the above-described configuration, the hot air accumulated in the back floor space of the gable roof 1 by opening the window 2 especially in the summer evening is discharged by the ventilation effect, and the outside air is introduced indoors. Can be synchronized with the outside air. Actually, the indoor temperature of the window shown in FIG. 7 and the FIX window (fitting window) are compared by simulation.

In the case of FIX windows, the heat that warms the building interior due to solar radiation cannot be discharged.
In the afternoon, when the outside air temperature is 32.3 ° C, the indoor temperature is 38.6 ° C.
At night, when the outside air temperature is 26.4 ° C, the indoor temperature is 34.6 ° C.
It became.

On the other hand, in the case of the window of the present invention, when the window 2 is opened from the afternoon to the night with an air flow rate of 400 m <3> / h and an average wind speed of 2 m / s,
In the afternoon, when the outside air temperature is 32.3 ° C, the indoor temperature is 33.3 ° C.
At night, when the outside air temperature is 26.4 ° C, the indoor temperature is 27.7 ° C.
It became.

  As described above, it was confirmed that opening the window 2 synchronizes with the outside air temperature in the room and the temperature is lowered overall.

  According to the above configuration, since the window frame 3 has the auxiliary vertical frame 13 in the indoor space having an inclined ceiling formed inside the gable roof 1, the link opening / closing mechanism 21 is provided between the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the shoji 4. By installing it, the shoji 4 can be opened and closed, and the entire screen can be opened regardless of the shape of the window frame 3, and it is easy to secure sufficient ventilation performance and smoke exhaustion area. The thermal environment of the attic space and safety in the event of a fire can be improved.

  In addition, since the auxiliary vertical frame 13 may be provided in the middle of the two upper frames 5 along the downward slope of the gable roof 1, the short auxiliary vertical frame 13 can be used. Moreover, the window frame 3 is reinforced by the addition of the auxiliary vertical frame 13.

  In addition, the shoji 4 can be fully opened by slightly projecting in parallel by the link opening / closing mechanism 21 attached to the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the vertical beam 14, so that a large ventilation and smoke exhausting ability can be obtained. In addition, even if the window does not have a vertical frame, the link member can be used vertically, and the link opening / closing mechanism 21 does not need a special design, and even a general one is subjected to excessive force on the member. Strength and durability can be obtained.

  Also, compared to the conventional case where a rectangular opening is partly formed in a part of the window frame 3 and opened and closed, the shoji 4 is single and the structure is simple, so the number of members and the number of assembly steps are reduced. It is possible to provide high-quality houses with simple and well-designed openings at affordable prices.

  Furthermore, by providing a rail so that the shoji screen does not come into contact with the glass surface, the daylighting surface can be constructed with only one glass plate, and the housing is simple in appearance and excellent in design. be able to.

  In addition, by using the link opening / closing mechanism 21 for the triangular window 2, the number of components can be reduced, and the link opening / closing mechanism can be installed vertically, making it possible to divert the conventional product, reducing the labor and cost of production, The construction cost of the house can be reduced.

  Note that there may be three or more vertical bars 14 and auxiliary vertical frames 13 facing each other.

  Next, FIG. 15 shows a window installed at the top of the gable face of the gable roof, similar to the house shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, and this window 2 has a window frame 3 fixed to the gable face and a shoji. 4 and is formed in a substantially pentagonal shape from an upper frame 5 along the inclination of the roof, a vertical frame 24 provided vertically from the tip of the upper frame 5 and a lower frame 6 connecting the lower ends of the vertical frame 24. ing.

  The shoji 4 is formed in an approximately pentagonal shape that matches the shape of the window frame 3 by the upper rod 10, the vertical rod 25, and the lower rod 11.

  Also in this case, an auxiliary vertical frame 13 is attached between the lower frame 6 and the upper frame 5 as a bridge in the vertical direction as necessary, and a link opening / closing mechanism is provided between the auxiliary vertical frame 13 and the shoji 4. The shoji 4 can be provided so that the entire surface can move outward.

  By providing the auxiliary material as in the above configuration, the same effect as described above can be expected even in the case where the vertical frame 24 is provided only on both sides instead of the triangular shape. That is, the length of the vertical frame can be shortened as much as possible.

As described above in detail, according to the above-described embodiment, the following common effects can be obtained.
(1) An effective opening area can be secured at a position as high as possible on the top of the wife face with a smaller window than before, enabling efficient ventilation and smoke exhaustion.
(2) The entire area of the shoji and the entire circumference slightly protrude from the window frame to the outside of the room, so that an effective opening area can be obtained, and the efficiency of exhaust and smoke emission can be increased.
(3) The design is improved by an unprecedented window that can be opened and closed with a shoji screen.
(4) Since the structure is simple, the cost is low, and since there are few joints, the waterproof property is excellent.

  In the above-described embodiment, the auxiliary frame is not limited to the auxiliary vertical frame. For example, an auxiliary horizontal frame may be used. In this case, the auxiliary horizontal frame is provided between the upper frames on opposite sides. The same applies to shoji.

  In addition, it is also possible to integrate the above-described indoor hut back floor space (such as a living room or a storage room) of each window 2 described above or a space on the lower floor thereof through a blowout or the like, Since the window 2 communicates with an air supply port (including a window) for taking in outside air in the lower floor space, the height of the window 2 serving as a ventilation port is relatively increased, thereby realizing efficient ventilation. The indoor environment of the living space including the floor can be further improved, and the comfort of the building can be enhanced. An air supply port (not shown) for taking outside air below the window 2 may be formed.

  Moreover, the house should just have an inclined roof with a wife face, and provided with the window on the top part of the said wife face, and is not necessarily limited to a gable roof. For example, as shown in FIG. 16 (a), a window 2a in which an upper frame 5 is formed in an arc shape is installed on a dome-shaped roof 1A. As shown in FIG. 16 (b), an upper frame 5 is placed on a mansard roof 1B. A part in which a pentagonal window 2b is bent, a part in which a trapezoidal window 2c is installed on a flat roof 1C as shown in FIG. As described above, the present invention can also be applied to a deformed gable roof 1D in which a part of the roof is bent and a window 2d that matches the roof shape is installed.

It is a perspective view of the house which provided the window in the gable part. It is an inside view of the window. It is sectional drawing on the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing on the BB line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the state which opened the shoji. It is a perspective view of an example of an opening-and-closing mechanism. It is a perspective view of the other house which provided the window in the gable part. It is an inside view of the window. It is sectional drawing on the cc line of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line dd in FIG. 2. It is a perspective view of the state which opened the shoji. It is a partially exploded perspective view of a shoji. It is an attachment mode explanatory view of a vertical beam. It is explanatory drawing of the attachment aspect of the auxiliary | assistant vertical frame of a window frame. It is a front view of other examples. (A) (b) (c) (d) is an outline front view of the example of a roof and a window, respectively.

3 Window frame 4 Shoji 5 Upper frame 6 Lower frame 13 Auxiliary vertical frame 14 Vertical beam 21 Link opening / closing mechanism

Claims (4)

It is a house having a sloped roof with a wife face and a window at the top of the wife face, and an interior space having a ceiling along the roof slope is formed inside the sloped roof, A window frame having a lower frame and an upper frame along the slope of the roof; a shoji that matches the shape of the window frame; and an auxiliary frame attached in a bridging manner between the opposing frames ; The shoji is provided with a crosspiece at a position facing the auxiliary frame, and the window further includes an opening / closing mechanism attached between the auxiliary frame and the crosspiece of the shoji. A house characterized in that can be moved toward the outdoors. The opening / closing mechanism is a link mechanism attached between the auxiliary frame and the shoji, wherein the shoji is configured to be substantially parallel so that the entire surface can move outward. The housing according to claim 1. The auxiliary frame is attached as an auxiliary vertical frame between the upper frame and the lower frame in a bridging manner, and the shoji is composed of one daylighting plate member, a saddle member that holds the periphery of the daylighting plate member, and the crosspiece . made, the bar in the inner position than the surface of the lighting plate, characterized in that attached to the bridging form on the rail members, housing according to claim 1 or 2. Characterized in that the inclined roof is gabled, according to any one of claims 1 to 3 houses.

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