JP4518617B2 - Hole punching cross-use puncher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to a puncher for making a hole in a workpiece such as a plate material placed between a fixed blade and a movable blade.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the production of switchboards, distribution boards, control panels, etc., in the case of made-to-order specifications, ready-made boxes without holes are used. That is, a box without a mounting hole for parts such as a meter, a breaker, and a switch is received, and a mounting hole is made at the mounting position of the part. This punching tool uses the force of a hydraulic cylinder to fit a punch and a die, and punches holes at once with the shearing force associated with the fitting. The excellent feature is that the chips do not scatter and the finish is beautiful. It has.
[0003]
When drilling equipment mounting holes on the front of the switchboard, etc., first hit the center of the hole with a scribing punch, align the tip of the drill with that position, and drill a pilot hole to pass the puncher output shaft. Next, the output shaft with the fixed puncher blade (usually a die) is passed through the pilot hole, the movable blade (usually a punch) is attached to the tip of the output shaft, Drill a device mounting hole that is larger than the hole.
[0004]
However, although there are various types and sizes of equipment, the types and sizes of the blades are limited. Therefore, after making a round hole with a round punch with a circular cross-section perpendicular to the axis, or after expanding the round hole into a square with a square punch with a square cross section, replace the round punch or the square punch with a transverse punch. It is common to expand to a hole of the size that you want. A transverse punch is a one-sided punch that is cut into a groove shape from the outer periphery toward the axial center direction to form a blade part, and the blade part is shifted to the hole edge on the side of the workpiece to be enlarged. The hole edge is cut out by fitting with a die. The structure of the transverse punch is disclosed in detail in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-2176 for round holes and in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-30096 for square holes.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, with conventional punchers, it was necessary to purchase both a pump with a cylinder for round punches and a pump with a cylinder for square punches in order to make round holes and square holes. Also, in order to enlarge the hole, an operator was forced to pay an economic burden to purchase a cross punch in addition to a round punch or a square punch.
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a puncher capable of expanding a hole at a low cost. A second problem is to provide a puncher that enables both a round hole and a square hole to be drilled with a single hydraulic cylinder.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the first problem, the puncher of the present invention is
A puncher that opens a target hole larger than the pilot hole in the workpiece by reciprocating the movable blade with respect to the fixed blade with the output of the fluid pressure cylinder with the workpiece sandwiched between the fixed blade and the movable blade. In addition to the configuration of the puncher to solve the second problem described later,
A punch that is formed by a punch that belongs to the first set, which will be described later , cut into a groove shape from the outer periphery toward the shaft core, and a sharp edge that is formed along the peripheral edge facing the die. And a unit.
[0007]
The procedure for making a hole with this puncher will be described on the assumption that the punch is a movable blade attached on the output shaft of the cylinder and the die is a fixed blade fixed to the cylinder body. First, the output shaft is passed through the prepared hole of the workpiece, and a punch is attached to the tip. Alternatively, when the punch and the output shaft are integrated, the output shaft is passed through the prepared hole of the workpiece and fixed to the cylinder. Then, the punch is fitted into the die by raising the pressure of the cylinder. The workpiece is sandwiched between the drilling blade and the die, and a larger hole than the prepared hole is made by the shearing force accompanying the fitting. This hole is a circular hole when the punch and the die are circular in cross section, and is a square hole when the punch and die are square in cross section.
[0008]
After that, release the pressure of the cylinder, release the punch and die, remove chips, and pass the output shaft through the hole again. Next, in the case of a punch with a square cross section, the punch is shifted to one side of the edge of the square hole, the hole edge is inserted into the cutting blade for crossing, the cylinder is pressurized again, the punch is fitted into the die, and the hole is inserted. Shear the edges. This results in a rectangular hole. In the case of a punch with a circular cross section, when the punch is moved to one side of the peripheral edge of the circular hole and the hole edge is similarly sheared, a long hole is formed.
[0009]
Next, in order to solve the second problem, the puncher of the present invention is
A cylindrical actuating rod capable of reciprocating in the cylinder as an output of the fluid pressure cylinder;
A first shaft that can move with the operating rod while being inserted can penetrate the actuating rod in the axial direction,
A second shaft securable to the cylinder while being inserted can penetrate the actuating rod in the axial direction,
Two sets of punches, one of which is the fixed blade and the other of which is the movable blade, and a die that can be fitted therewith ,
When the fluid pressure cylinder is used as a pulling cylinder, a die belonging to a first group is fixed to the first end portion side of the fluid pressure cylinder , and a first shaft is inserted into the working rod . Attach the punch belonging to the first set to the tip of the shaft,
When used as the cylinder pushes the hydraulic cylinder, with the second axis by inserting the second shaft is fixed to the fluid pressure cylinder in said actuating rod, belonging to the second set to the second axis By attaching the punch belonging to the second group to the tip of the second shaft by hitting the second end of the fluid pressure cylinder through a die,
The first set and the second set of blades can be selectively used with one fluid pressure cylinder.
[0010]
When the pressure of the fluid pressure cylinder is increased, the operating rod receives fluid pressure and moves, and the movable blade moves along with the operating rod. When the movable blade at this time moves in a direction approaching the cylinder, the fluid pressure cylinder becomes a pulling cylinder, and when it moves in a direction away from it, it becomes a push cylinder.
Whether it becomes a pulling cylinder or a pushing cylinder depends on which side of the cylinder the blade is attached. Conventional punchers have been used only as pull cylinders or push cylinders with blades attached only on either side. On the other hand, in the present invention, it is possible to attach differently shaped blades to both ends of the cylinder, and use it as a pulling cylinder when attached to the first end, and as a push cylinder when attached to the second end. Thus, two sets of blades such as a round blade and a square blade can be used with one fluid pressure cylinder without changing the path of the pressure medium and the moving direction of the operating rod.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1
An embodiment of a puncher of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are axial cross-sectional views showing the main part of the puncher according to the embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the hydraulic pressure is released and the punch is separated from the die, and FIG. The state fitted to the die is shown.
[0013]
The puncher 1 includes a cylinder 2 that is driven by a hydraulic pump (not shown), and an output shaft 3 that operates in accordance with a change in the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder 2. An oil retaining block 4 is fixed in a liquid-tight manner in the cylinder 2, and the operating rod 5 forms a hydraulic chamber with the oil retaining block 4 and can reciprocate while being kept fluid-tight by a seal ring 51. Is provided. The front part of the operating rod 5 from the seal ring 51 passes through the oil stop block 4, and the rear part passes through the rear end face of the cylinder 2.
[0014]
The output shaft 3 passes through the center of the operating rod 5 and protrudes from both front and rear ends of the cylinder 2. A large number of flanges 11 are formed on the outer periphery at the rear end, and the stopper 6 is chucked there. A punch 7 having a square cross section perpendicular to the shaft core is provided at the tip of the punch 7 so as to be integrated with the output shaft 3. A die 8 having a circular outer periphery and a shape complementary to the punch 7 is fixed to the front end of the cylinder 2 while being prevented from rotating by a push screw 9. The punch 7 is formed in a sharp shape on a peripheral edge facing the die 8 and a cutting edge portion 71 cut in a groove shape from one surface of the outer periphery toward the axial center, and in particular for drilling with four corners sharpened. It consists of a blade part 72.
[0015]
A key groove 52 that is long in the axial direction is formed on one side of the rear outer periphery of the operating rod 5, and the tip of the set screw 21 that is screwed from the side surface of the cylinder 2 hits the key groove 52. The operation rod 5 is prevented from rotating. Further, another key groove 53 is formed on the inner periphery of the front portion of the operating rod 5 on the side opposite to the key groove 52, and is fixed so as to protrude slightly to the outer periphery of the output shaft 3. By positioning the key 31 in the key groove 53, the output shaft 3 is positioned and the rotation of the operating rod 5 is prevented.
[0016]
The procedure for making a hole of a predetermined size in the workpiece using the puncher 1 is as follows. First, a pilot hole H is opened in the workpiece W with a drill or the like. The output shaft 3 integrated with the punch 7 is separated from the cylinder 2, and the output shaft 3 is passed through the pilot hole H. The output shaft 3 passing through the pilot hole H is passed through the shaft hole of the operating rod 5 of the cylinder 2 until the key 31 hits the bottom of the key groove 52, and the stopper 6 is attached to the flange 11 of the output shaft 3 protruding from the rear end of the cylinder 2. Fit and chuck.
[0017]
The hydraulic pump is driven to feed oil from the oil passage 32 to the hydraulic chamber to increase the pressure. As the pressure rises, the operating rod 5 moves away from the oil stop block 4 while accompanying the output shaft 3 via the stopper 6. At the same time, the punch 7 tries to fit into the die 8, and the workpiece W is sheared by meshing between the hole-forming blade portion 72 and the inner edge of the die 8 (see FIG. 2). Thus, a larger square hole is made concentric with the pilot hole H. The hydraulic pressure is released and the punch 7 is taken out from the die 8 by the restoring force of the return spring 12, the stopper 6 is removed, the output shaft 3 is taken out, and chips are removed. Then, the output shaft 3 is again inserted into the operating rod 5 and fixed with the stopper 6.
[0018]
Next, the workpiece W is digged in until one side of the punched square hole hits the bottom of the cross-cutting blade portion 71, and the hydraulic pump is driven again to increase the pressure (see FIG. 3). When the punch 7 is engaged with the die 8, the biting portion of the workpiece W is punched out by meshing between the cutting edge 71 for crossing and the inner edge of the die 8. Thus, a rectangular hole larger than the square is formed (see FIG. 4). When further enlarging the hole, the punching operation by the cross-cutting blade portion 71 may be repeated except for chips.
[0019]
Embodiment 2
This is an example of a component for making a round hole using the same fluid pressure cylinder as in the first embodiment.
In the puncher 1 of the first embodiment, the stopper 6 is removed, the output shaft 3 is removed, the push screw 9 is loosened, and the die 8 is removed. Separately, the disc-shaped end attachment 10 having the same outer shape as that of the die 8 and having a screw hole in the center thereof, and unlike the output shaft 3, the punch 7 is not integrated, one end is threaded, and the other end has a flange 14. The second shaft 13 is prepared, and the shaft 13 is screwed into the screw hole of the end attachment 10 and fixed. Then, the shaft 13 is passed through the operating rod 5, and the end attachment 10 is attached to the cylinder 2 and fixed with the push screw 9.
[0020]
Next, the shaft 13 protruding from the other end of the cylinder 2 is complementary to the die 15 for a round hole whose inner peripheral surface forms a cylindrical shape, the workpiece W having a prepared hole, and the die 15. The punch 16 having a circular outer peripheral surface is sequentially passed, and chucked by the stopper 6 used in the first embodiment.
When the hydraulic pump is driven in this state to feed oil from the oil passage 32 to the hydraulic chamber and increase the pressure, the operating rod 5 moves away from the oil stop block 4 as the pressure rises, as in the first embodiment. At this time, the end face of the operating rod 5 pushes the die 15. On the other hand, since the shaft 13 is fixed by the end attachment 10, it does not move. Accordingly, the die 15 tries to fit into the punch 16 and the workpiece W is sheared by the meshing at that time. Thus, a round hole is made in the workpiece W.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the puncher of the present invention, a single cutting tool can be used for both drilling and crossing, so that the economic burden on the user can be reduced. In addition, since it is possible to make holes with different shapes such as round holes and square holes with one cylinder, it is possible to reduce the economic burden of users more and more. Furthermore, resources can be saved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing a puncher according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hole has been punched into a workpiece with the puncher.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction showing a state in which a workpiece is bitten into the crossing blade portion of the puncher.
FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view showing a state in which the biting portion is punched out by the puncher.
FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view showing a puncher according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Puncher 2 Cylinder 21 Set screw 3 Output shaft 13 Shaft 4 Oil stop block 5 Actuating rod 51 Seal ring 52, 53 Key groove 7, 16 Punch 71 Cross cutting blade 72 Drilling blade 8, 15 Die 9 Push screw 10 End Attachment 11, 14 襞

Claims (1)

A puncher that opens a target hole larger than the pilot hole in the workpiece by reciprocating the movable blade with respect to the fixed blade with the output of the fluid pressure cylinder with the workpiece sandwiched between the fixed blade and the movable blade. In
A cylindrical actuating rod capable of reciprocating in the cylinder as an output of the fluid pressure cylinder;
A first shaft that can move with the operating rod while being inserted can penetrate the actuating rod in the axial direction,
A second shaft securable to the cylinder while being inserted can penetrate the actuating rod in the axial direction,
Two sets of punches and dies that can be fitted to each other, one of which is the fixed blade and the other is the movable blade ,
When the fluid pressure cylinder is used as a pulling cylinder, a die belonging to a first group is fixed to the first end portion side of the fluid pressure cylinder , and a first shaft is inserted into the working rod . Attach the punch belonging to the first set to the tip of the shaft,
When used as a cylinder pushes the hydraulic cylinder, with the second axis by inserting the second shaft is fixed to the fluid pressure cylinder in said actuating rod, belonging to the second set to the second axis By attaching the punch belonging to the second group to the tip of the second shaft by hitting the second end of the fluid pressure cylinder through a die,
A puncher characterized in that the first set and the second set of blades can be selectively used with one fluid pressure cylinder.

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