JP4516675B2 - Attic ventilator with rainwater and snowstorm intrusion prevention function - Google Patents
Attic ventilator with rainwater and snowstorm intrusion prevention function Download PDFInfo
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- JP4516675B2 JP4516675B2 JP2000247096A JP2000247096A JP4516675B2 JP 4516675 B2 JP4516675 B2 JP 4516675B2 JP 2000247096 A JP2000247096 A JP 2000247096A JP 2000247096 A JP2000247096 A JP 2000247096A JP 4516675 B2 JP4516675 B2 JP 4516675B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、暴風雨時の雨水および暴風雪時の吹雪の小屋裏への侵入を確実に防止し、かつ換気量を従来に較べて大幅に増大させ、自然換気力で小屋裏の除湿および排熱を十分に行える高い通気性能を有する、軒天並び棟換気装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
建物の小屋裏の排熱および除湿を図るために、小屋裏の換気は不可欠である。小屋裏の換気量は多ければ多いほど、小屋裏における排熱および除湿の効果は向上する。そのためには、外気が流出入する軒天および棟換気装置の開口部の面積の拡大と、気流が通過するときに生ずる通気抵抗をできる限り小さくすればよいことになる。しかし、換気装置の開口面積の増大と通気抵抗の低減を図れば、逆に暴風雨時における雨水と暴風雪時における吹雪の小屋裏への侵入が容易に生じ、建物に雨漏りや結露の障害を引き起こす。
【0003】
したがって、軒天並びに棟換気装置に要求される性能は、雨水および吹雪の侵入を確実に防止し、小屋裏に十分な外気を導入することである。これまで多くの軒天並びに棟換気装置が考案され、使用されているが、暴風雨時における雨水と暴風雪時における吹雪の小屋裏への侵入を防ぐことをまず第1と考えて、換気装置の開口面積の縮小と通気抵抗の増大を図っている。そのために小屋裏の換気量は少なく、いずれの換気装置も小屋裏の排熱および除湿を行なえる十分な換気量を確保できるものとはなっていない。
【0004】
本発明者らも既に,暴風雨時の雨水等の侵入を防止し、小屋裏の換気を確保する軒天並びに棟換気装置として、図1および図2に示すような通気ブロックが2〜3ヶ所の空隙部を介して、不連続に形成されている軒天並びに棟換気装置を考案している(特許平10−127216等)。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、本発明者は更に研究を重ねた結果、当該換気装置についても、雨水等の侵入を防止するためには、通気ブロックを構成する貫通孔の断面積をできる限り小さくするか、空隙部の数を多くせざるを得なかった。その結果通気抵抗が増大し、十分な換気量が得られず、通気性能の点においては十分なものとは言い難かった。
【0006】
本発明は、このような従来の技術の課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、暴風雨時の雨水と暴風雪時の吹雪の小屋裏への侵入を確実に防止するとともに、換気量を従来に較べて大幅に増大させ、自然換気力で小屋裏の除湿と排熱を図る上で十分な換気量を確保できる、高い通気性能を有する軒天並びに棟換気装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の軒天換気装置は、請求項1に記載の発明に係わる、上板及び下板で挟持された、一辺の長さが4mm〜6mmなる正方形断面を有する多数の貫通孔で形成された2個または3個の立体通気ブロックにおける、当該立体通気ブロックと上板及び下板により形成された空間内に、当該空間の高さに対応した縦寸法を有し、単独でまたは組み合わせで、一側から侵入する雨水又は雪の他側への通過を防止する、1個または2個のランダムループ状の繊維網状立体通気ブロックを配設した構造を有する。多数の貫通孔でできている通気ブロックは、流出入する気流の整流化を図ることによって通気抵抗を低減させるものである。また、繊維網状立体通気ブロックは、気流の流入側の通気ブロックを通して侵入してきた雨水並びに吹雪を網状の繊維に衝突させて、その通過を防止し、小屋裏内への侵入を確実に防ぐとともに、換気量が従来に較べて大幅に増加させた軒天換気装置である。
【0008】
また、本発明の棟換気装置は、請求項2に記載の発明に係る、請求項1に記載された軒天換気装置を屋根の傾斜方向と一致するように棟部分に逆V字型に設置してなるものである。多数の貫通孔でできている通気ブロックは流れの整流化による通気抵抗の低減、繊維網状立体通気ブロックは雨水並びに吹雪の侵入を防止させるもので、小屋裏内への雨水および吹雪の侵入を確実に防ぐとともに、換気量が従来に較べて大幅に増大させた棟換気装置である。
【0009】
本発明の特徴の一つは、図1および図2に示す従来の通気ブロックの貫通孔の大きさは、雨水の侵入を防止するために、一辺の長さが2mm〜3mmなる小さな正方形断面としているが、本発明では通気抵抗の低減を図ることによって、換気量を従来に較べて大幅に増大させるために、貫通孔を、一辺の長さが4mm〜6mmなる大きな正方形断面としていることである。他のもう一つの特徴は、従来のものでは雨水および吹雪の侵入の防止は、通気ブロックの貫通孔の大きさをできる限り小さくし、かつ通気ブロック間に空隙を設けることによって行っているが、本発明では通気ブロックとの間に繊維網状立体通気ブロックを配設し、それによって雨水および吹雪の侵入を完全に防止したことである。この繊維網状通気ブロックは、気流が通過するときの通気抵抗は極めて小さく、雨水および吹雪のみの侵入を防止する機能を有しているもので、通気ブロックの通気抵抗の低減化とあいまって、換気量が従来に較べて大幅に増大する特徴を有する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を、実施例に基づき図面を参照して説明する。本発明の軒天換気装置を図3に示す。図3(a)に示すタイプAは、一辺の長さが4mm〜6mmの正方形断面を有する多数の貫通孔36で構成した2個の立体通気ブロック32との間に、1個のランダムループ状の繊維網状立体通気ブロック33が配設されているものである。これからの通気ブロックは、上板30と下板31とによって挟持される構造を有する。また、通気ブロックと繊維網状通気ブロックの大きさは、いずれも縦30mm〜50mm、横20mm〜30mmのものとする。またタイプBはタイプAに用いられている通気ブロックと同一である3個の通気ブロック32′と、2個の繊維網状通気ブロック33′とで構成し、さらに雨水および吹雪の小屋裏への侵入の防止性能の向上を図ったものである。
【0011】
つぎに本発明の棟換気装置の実施の形態を図4に示す。図4(a)に示すタイプAは、一辺の長さが4mm〜6mmの正方形断面を有する多数の貫通孔46でできている正方形断面を有する通気ブロック42aと、台形状の断面を有する通気ブロック42bとの間に、繊維網状通気ブロック43が配設されているものである。通気ブロックは上板40と下板41とによって挟持される構造を有する。また、通気ブロック42aと、繊維網状通気ブロック43の大きさは、縦30mm〜50mm、横20mm〜30mmとし、台形状通気ブロック42bは縦30mm〜50mm、下底20mm〜30mm、上底40mm〜60mmとする。またタイプBはタイプAに用いられている各通気ブロックと同一の形状を有する3個の通気ブロック42′と、2個の繊維網状通気ブロック43′とで構成し、さらに雨水および吹雪の小屋裏への侵入の防止性能の向上を図ったものである。
【0012】
【実施例 1】
本発明の実施例として、発明した軒天および棟換気装置に関して、暴風雨時における雨水および防風雪時における吹雪の小屋裏への侵入の有無を風洞モデル実験を遂行することによって調べた。本風洞装置は図5に示すように、最大風速50m/sをもって雨および吹雪を発生させることができるものである。本発明の軒天並びに棟換気装置を設置した建物モデルを風洞試験部に設置し、小屋裏内への雨水並びに吹雪の侵入の有無を検証した。
【0013】
試験の結果、本発明の軒天換気装置のタイプAでは、風速40m/sまでの暴風雨時における雨水と防風雪時における吹雪の小屋裏への侵入は全く認められない。またタイプBでは風速50m/sまでの暴風雨時および暴風雪時においても、同じく小屋裏への雨水および吹雪の侵入は全く認められない。
【0014】
本発明の棟換気装置タイプAでは、風速40m/sまでの暴風雨時および暴風雪時においても、雨水および吹雪の小屋裏への侵入は全く認められない。またタイプBでは風速50m/sまでの暴風雨時および暴風雪時においても、雨水並びに吹雪の小屋裏への侵入は全く認められない。
【0015】
【実施例2】
本発明の軒天並びに棟換気装置を設置した建物に関して、日本の各地域の風速、風向き、気温、日射量等の気象条件を用いて、小屋裏への換気量のシミュレーション計算を行なったところ、本発明の換気装置は換気量が従来に較べて大幅に増大し、自然換気力で小屋裏の排熱および除湿を十分に行なえる高い換気性能を有することが立証された。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明は想定される風速40m/s〜50m/sの暴風雨時並びに暴風雪時においても、雨水および吹雪の小屋裏への侵入を確実に防止するとともに、換気量が従来に較べて大幅に増大し、自然換気力で小屋裏の排熱および除湿を十分に行なえる高い換気性能を有する、軒天並びに棟換気装置が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図 1】従来の軒天換気装置の実施例を示す概略断面図である。
【図2】従来の棟換気装置の実施例を示す概略断面図である。
【図3】本発明の軒天換気装置の実施例を示す概略断面図である。(a)はタイプAの軒天換気装置、(b)はタイプBの軒天換気装置である。
【図4】本発明の棟換気装置の実施例を示す概略断面図である。(a)はタイプAの棟換気装置、(b)はタイプBの棟換気装置である。
【図5】本発明の第1の実施例における雨水および吹雪を発生させる風洞装置の側定部の概略図である。
【符号の簡単な説明】
10、20、30、30′、40、40′:上板
11、21、31、31′、41、41′:下板
12、22、32、32′、42、42′:通気ブロック
13、23 :空隙部
33、33′、43、43′ :繊維網状通気ブロック
14、24、34、34′、44、44′:円柱体
15、25、36、36′、46、46′:貫通孔
35、35′、45、45′ :ランダムループ状繊維網状体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention reliably prevents intrusion of rainwater during storms and snowstorms during storms into the back of the hut, and greatly increases the ventilation volume compared to the conventional one, and reduces the dehumidification and exhaust heat of the shed with natural ventilation. The present invention relates to an eaves-lined building ventilation system that has sufficiently high ventilation performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Ventilation of the attic is indispensable to exhaust heat and dehumidify the attic of the building. The greater the ventilation in the attic, the better the heat exhaust and dehumidification effects in the attic. For this purpose, the area of the eaves through which the outside air flows in and out, and the opening area of the building ventilation device, and the ventilation resistance generated when the airflow passes can be reduced as much as possible. However, if the opening area of the ventilator is increased and the ventilation resistance is reduced, conversely, rainwater during storms and snowstorms during storms can easily enter the back of the shed, causing rain leaks and dew condensation in the building.
[0003]
Therefore, the performance required for the eaves and the building ventilation system is to reliably prevent the intrusion of rainwater and snowstorm and to introduce sufficient outside air into the back of the hut. A number of eaves and ridge ventilation systems have been devised and used so far, but it is the first priority to prevent rainwater and storm snowstorms from entering the back of the shed. The area is reduced and the ventilation resistance is increased. For this reason, the ventilation volume in the shed is small, and none of the ventilation devices can secure a sufficient ventilation volume for exhausting heat and dehumidifying the shed.
[0004]
The present inventors have already provided 2 to 3 ventilation blocks as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as eave skys and building ventilation devices that prevent intrusion of rainwater and the like during storms and ensure ventilation in the back of the shed. The eave sky and the building ventilation apparatus which are formed discontinuously through the gap are devised (Patent Hei 10-127216, etc.).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as a result of further research, the present inventor has made the ventilation device as small as possible to reduce the cross-sectional area of the through-holes constituting the ventilation block in order to prevent intrusion of rainwater or the like. I had to increase the number. As a result, the ventilation resistance increased, and a sufficient ventilation volume could not be obtained, and it was difficult to say that the ventilation performance was sufficient.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and the object of the present invention is to reliably prevent intrusion of rainwater during a storm and a snowstorm during a storm into the back of a hut. , Providing eaves and ridge ventilation equipment with high ventilation performance that can increase ventilation volume significantly compared to conventional and secure sufficient ventilation volume to dehumidify and exhaust heat in the back of the hut with natural ventilation power There is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The eaves ventilator of the present invention is formed of a large number of through-holes having a square cross section with a side length of 4 mm to 6 mm sandwiched between an upper plate and a lower plate according to the invention of claim 1. In two or three three-dimensional ventilation blocks, the space formed by the three-dimensional ventilation block and the upper plate and the lower plate has a vertical dimension corresponding to the height of the space, either alone or in combination. It has a structure in which one or two random loop-shaped fiber net-like three-dimensional ventilation blocks that prevent rainwater or snow from entering from the side to the other side are provided. The ventilation block made up of a large number of through holes reduces the ventilation resistance by rectifying the airflow flowing in and out. In addition, the fiber mesh three-dimensional ventilation block collides rainwater and snowstorm that has entered through the ventilation block on the airflow inflow side with the mesh fiber, preventing its passage and reliably preventing entry into the back of the hut, This is an eaves ventilator with significantly increased ventilation.
[0008]
Moreover, the ridge ventilation apparatus of this invention installs the eaves-top ventilation apparatus based on Claim 1 based on invention of Claim 2 in a reverse V shape in a ridge part so that it may correspond with the inclination direction of a roof. It is made . Ventilation block made up of a large number of through holes reduces the flow resistance by rectifying the flow, and the fiber mesh three-dimensional ventilation block prevents rainwater and snowstorms from entering, ensuring that rainwater and snowstorms enter the back of the hut. This is a building ventilation system that prevents the airflow and significantly increases the amount of ventilation compared to the prior art.
[0009]
One of the features of the present invention is that the size of the through hole of the conventional ventilation block shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a small square cross section with a side length of 2 mm to 3 mm in order to prevent rainwater from entering. However, in the present invention, the through-hole has a large square cross-section with a side length of 4 mm to 6 mm in order to greatly increase the ventilation rate by reducing the ventilation resistance. . Another feature is that in the prior art, intrusion of rainwater and snowstorm is prevented by reducing the size of the through hole of the ventilation block as much as possible and providing a gap between the ventilation blocks. In the present invention, a fiber net-like three-dimensional ventilation block is disposed between the ventilation block and rainwater and snowstorms are thereby completely prevented. This fiber mesh ventilation block has extremely low ventilation resistance when airflow passes and has the function of preventing only rainwater and snowstorms from entering. It has a feature that the amount is greatly increased as compared with the prior art.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows the eaves ventilator of the present invention. In the type A shown in FIG. 3A, one random loop is formed between the two three-
[0011]
Next, an embodiment of the building ventilation apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. The type A shown in FIG. 4A is a
[0012]
[Example 1]
As an example of the present invention, the invented eaves and building ventilator were examined by conducting wind tunnel model experiments for the presence or absence of rainwater during storms and snowstorms intruding into the back of huts during windbreaks. As shown in FIG. 5, this wind tunnel device can generate rain and snowstorm with a maximum wind speed of 50 m / s. A building model in which the eaves and the building ventilation apparatus of the present invention were installed was installed in the wind tunnel test section, and the presence or absence of rainwater and snowstorm intrusion into the back of the hut was verified.
[0013]
As a result of the test, in type A of the eaves ventilator of the present invention, no rainwater intrusion into the back of the shed during rainstorms and windbreaking snow up to a wind speed of 40 m / s is observed. In Type B, no rainwater or snowstorm intrudes into the back of the hut even during storms up to 50 m / s and storms.
[0014]
In the building ventilator type A of the present invention, no rainwater or snowstorm invades the back of the hut even during storms and storms up to a wind speed of 40 m / s. In Type B, intrusion of rainwater and snowstorm into the back of the hut is not recognized at all even during storms and storms with wind speeds up to 50 m / s.
[0015]
[Example 2]
Regarding the building where the eaves and the building ventilation device of the present invention are installed, using the weather conditions such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, solar radiation amount in each region of Japan, the simulation calculation of the ventilation amount to the back of the hut was performed, It has been proved that the ventilation device of the present invention has a high ventilation performance in which the ventilation volume is greatly increased as compared with the prior art, and the exhaust heat and dehumidification of the cabin can be sufficiently performed with natural ventilation.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention reliably prevents the intrusion of rainwater and snowstorms into the back of a shed even in the event of a storm with a wind speed of 40 m / s to 50 m / s and stormy snow. An eave sky and a building ventilation device having a high ventilation performance that is significantly increased compared to the above and can sufficiently exhaust heat and dehumidify the back of a hut with natural ventilation is provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional eave sky ventilation device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional building ventilation device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the eaves ventilator of the present invention. (A) is a type A eave-top ventilation device, and (b) is a type-B eave-top ventilation device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of a building ventilation device of the present invention. (A) is a type A building ventilation device, and (b) is a type B building ventilation device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a side fixing portion of the wind tunnel device for generating rainwater and snowstorm in the first embodiment of the present invention.
[Brief description of symbols]
10, 20, 30, 30 ', 40, 40':
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2000247096A JP4516675B2 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2000-07-11 | Attic ventilator with rainwater and snowstorm intrusion prevention function |
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JP2000247096A JP4516675B2 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2000-07-11 | Attic ventilator with rainwater and snowstorm intrusion prevention function |
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JP2002021274A JP2002021274A (en) | 2002-01-23 |
JP4516675B2 true JP4516675B2 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009013613A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-22 | Ever Kk | Ventilating member |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007321466A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-13 | Shinsei:Kk | Draining member |
JP2007186996A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2007-07-26 | Ever Kk | Structure of roof |
JP5141934B1 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-02-13 | 正一 高橋 | Building ventilation system |
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JPH1136468A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-09 | Ritsukusu:Kk | Plug structural body for opening part in air ventilation layer |
JPH11210103A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-08-03 | Ube Kimitsu Housing Kk | Suction/exhaust member installed on house |
JP2000034812A (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2000-02-02 | Jeibekku Kk | Waterproof venting member for building and roof ventilation structure |
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- 2000-07-11 JP JP2000247096A patent/JP4516675B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1136468A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-09 | Ritsukusu:Kk | Plug structural body for opening part in air ventilation layer |
JPH11210103A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-08-03 | Ube Kimitsu Housing Kk | Suction/exhaust member installed on house |
JP2000034812A (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2000-02-02 | Jeibekku Kk | Waterproof venting member for building and roof ventilation structure |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2009013613A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-22 | Ever Kk | Ventilating member |
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