JP4511700B2 - Grinding method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to grinding of how to carry out the grinding of the workpiece surface using a processing tool such as a grinding wheel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the grinding machine, the workpiece W is fixed and held on a movable table, and is reciprocated linearly together with this table. The grinding wheel is movable in a direction perpendicular to the contact / separation direction and the moving direction of the table with respect to the workpiece. Then, grinding is performed by moving the table so that the grinding wheel reciprocates from one end portion to the other end portion of the workpiece while in contact with the workpiece. Then, when that row (one row ground by moving the table in a straight line is hereinafter referred to as a track) is ground, the grinding wheel is moved by one track, and the table is moved in the same manner again for grinding. This is repeated to grind the entire surface of the workpiece W.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when viewed microscopically, the processing tool does not grind a fixed horizontal plane, but grinds the workpiece while moving up and down by its natural frequency. Therefore, conventionally, even if the same surface of the workpiece is ground several times with a grinding wheel, the grinding start point is made the same every time, so that the vertical movement of the grinding wheel coincides and the workpiece W is moved as shown in FIG. On the surface, a wave shape 96 in which peak portions 96a and valley portions 96b were alternately formed remained. Therefore, the grinding accuracy could not be improved.
[0004]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems existing in the above prior art, and its purpose is to reduce the waviness shape of the surface caused by the processing tool and improve the grinding accuracy. It is to provide a processing how.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the invention of grinding method according to claim 1, relative to perform the feed movement between the working tool and the workpiece Noto by movement of the table mounted with the word over click, the In a grinding method for grinding the same surface of a workpiece a plurality of times, the position of the starting point of movement in the same movement direction of the table during grinding is changed with respect to the starting point of movement in the same movement direction of the previous round. I made it.
[0006]
Therefore, when moving the table on which the workpiece is placed in order to move the workpiece relative to the processing tool, the position at which the table starts to move is defined as the starting point of movement in the same movement direction of the previous table. As the position is changed, the crest portion of the surface generated by the minute vertical movement of the processing tool that occurred in the previous round is scraped by the minute vertical movement of the processing tool this time, and the valley portion is ground. Is suppressed. Therefore, by repeating this, the accuracy of the workpiece surface to be processed can be improved. The amount by which the position of the starting point of the table feed movement is shifted depends on the magnitude of the vertical movement of the natural frequency, that is, taking into account the material of the workpiece W, the rotational speed of the grinding wheel 16, the moving speed, etc. Is set.
[0007]
In the invention of grinding method according to claim 2, the starting point of the same moving direction of movement of the table Ru is repositioned all different. Therefore, since the minute vertical movement of the processing tool does not coincide at any grinding time, the waviness shape of the surface generated by the processing tool can be efficiently reduced, and the grinding accuracy of the surface of the workpiece W can be improved. it can.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the case where the grinding apparatus of the present invention is applied to a grinding machine will be described.
First, the overall configuration of the grinding machine will be described.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1, the column 12 is disposed on the machine base 11 and can be moved in the front-rear direction by driving a motor 13. The head 14 is held by the column 12 and can be moved up and down by driving a motor 15. A grinding wheel 16 as a processing tool is rotatably held by the head 14 and is rotated by driving of a motor 17. The table 18 is arranged on the machine base 11 and is reciprocated linearly in the direction of the arrow 26 by the drive of the motor 19 in a state where the work W is placed and is detachably fixed by a work chuck (not shown). . The column 12, the head 14, and the table 18 constitute moving means together with the motors 13, 15, and 19. The moving means relatively moves the grinding wheel 16 and the workpiece W so that the workpiece surface is ground by the grinding wheel 16. The motors 13, 15, 17, 19 are driven by a motor drive circuit 20. The computer 21 as the control means controls the motor drive circuit 20 based on a machining program stored in advance.
[0012]
Example 1
First, the workpiece W is relatively arranged at the end of the first grinding start position A of the track 24a shown in FIG. And while rotating the motor 17, the motor 15 is driven, the grinding wheel 16 is lowered | hung, it contacts with the workpiece | work W, and grinding is started. Then, the table 18 is moved to perform grinding to the left end of the workpiece W. When the first grinding is completed, the grinding wheel 16 is raised by driving the motor 15 and separated from the passing surface of the workpiece W. Then, the work W together with the table 18 is returned from the first grinding start position A to the second grinding start position B on the right side of FIG.
[0013]
Subsequently, the second grinding is similarly started from this position, and the portion ground at the first time is ground. As a result, the undulation generated by the first grinding due to the minute vertical movement of the grinding wheel 16 is removed. Thereafter, the workpiece W is returned to the third grinding start position C located on the right side from the second grinding start position B. Similarly, grinding is performed from this grinding start position C. As a result, the undulation generated by the first and second grinding due to the minute vertical movement of the grinding wheel 16 is removed. Similarly, after returning to the fourth grinding start position D, the fourth grinding is performed, and the undulation generated by the previous grinding is removed. The number of times of grinding for the same track is appropriately determined according to the type of workpiece.
[0014]
In this way, when the grinding of the track 24a is completed four times, the grinding wheel 16 is fed by one track in the arrow direction 27 by the drive of the motor 13 , and reaches the track 24b. The track 24b is ground four times in the same manner as the track 24a. Hereinafter, while grinding each track 24c, 24d,... 24n a plurality of times, the grinding wheel 16 is intermittently moved to grind the workpiece W.
[0015]
The first embodiment described above has the following effects.
(A) grinding wheel 16 is rotated in contact with the ground surface of the workpiece W while small vertical movement, but open Hajimei location of the mobile in the same movement direction the workpiece W is moved relative to the grinding wheel 16 Is shifted every time, so that the phase of the vertical movement generated every time is shifted without matching. Therefore, this shift causes the previous peak portion to be ground at the current trough portion, and the trough portion grinding is suppressed, so that the waviness on the workpiece W that has conventionally occurred due to the vertical movement of the grinding wheel 16 is ground. can do. Therefore, the surface of the workpiece can be ground with high accuracy.
[0016]
(B) Since the same grinding surface is ground several times, each movement is started from different starting points, so the minute vertical movements of the processing tool do not coincide at any grinding time, and the surface generated by the processing tool The waviness shape can be efficiently reduced, and the grinding accuracy of the surface of the workpiece W can be improved.
[0017]
(C) The computer 21 automatically controls the position at which the workpiece W starts to move relative to the grinding wheel 16, the timing at which the grinding wheel 16 descends, and the timing at which the table 18 starts reciprocating linear motion. Yes. For this reason, the movement can be started with high accuracy by the computer 21, and improvement of the processing accuracy of the workpiece W can be expected.
[0018]
(Example 2)
In the first embodiment, the grindstone is moved in one direction from the right to the left in FIG. 2 to grind the tracks 24a, 24b..., But in this embodiment, the grindstone is moved in both directions. , Grinding. That is, as in the first embodiment, at the grinding start position A, the grinding wheel 16 is lowered to a position in contact with the workpiece W, and the grinding wheel 16 is rotated to start grinding. And after grinding to the other end part of the workpiece | work W, after reaching the grinding start position E, the table 18 is moved to a reverse direction and 2nd grinding is performed. Then, after reaching the grinding start position B in FIG. 2, the table 18 is moved in the same direction as the first grinding to perform the third grinding. Thereafter, when the grinding start position F in FIG. 2 is reached, the table 18 is moved in the same direction as in the second grinding to perform grinding.
[0019]
Also in the second embodiment, the effects (a) and (c) of the first embodiment can be obtained.
(Example 3)
In this embodiment, the grinding wheel 16 and the workpiece W are arranged so that the relative position between the grinding wheel 16 and the workpiece W is the first grinding start position A in FIG. Then, at this grinding start position A-1, the grinding wheel 16 is lowered so as to contact the workpiece W, and grinding is performed by driving the grinding wheel 16 from this position. Workpiece W starts moving toward the right side in FIG. 3 by driving the motor 19, to grind the surface of the track 24a. When grinding of the track 24a is completed, the grinding wheel 16 is moved by one track in the arrow direction 27 by driving the motor 13, and the relative position between the grinding wheel 16 and the workpiece W is the first grinding start position of the track 24b. A-2 is reached, and grinding starts again from here. When the grinding of the track 24b is completed, the grinding wheel 16 is moved by one track in the arrow direction 27, the grinding wheel 16 reaches the grinding start position A- 3 of the track 24c, and grinding is started again from here. . Such grinding is repeated, and the tracks 24a, 24b,... Are ground from the left and right, and the entire surface of the workpiece W is ground once.
[0020]
When the first grinding is completed, the relative position between the grinding wheel 16 and the workpiece W is arranged to be a second grinding start position B-1 different from the first grinding start position A-1. Then, grinding is performed again from this grinding start position, and the track 24a is ground. When the grinding of the track 24a is completed, the grinding wheel 16 is again moved in the arrow direction 27 by one track by the drive of the motor 13, and the second grinding start position B- different from the first grinding start position A-2. 2 is arranged. Then, the track 24b is ground from this grinding start position B-2. Hereinafter, grinding is performed from the second grinding start position B-3,... Bn different from the first grinding start position A-3,.
[0021]
When the second grinding is completed on the entire surface of the workpiece W, the first grinding start positions A-1, A-2,... An and the second grinding start position B are similarly performed. Grinding is performed from the third grinding start position C-1, C-2,... Cn, which is different from the grinding start position of B-1, B-2,. .
[0022]
Also in the third embodiment, the effects (a) to (c) of the first embodiment can be obtained.
(Modification)
The above embodiment may be modified as follows without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0025]
In the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, one track is ground one by one, and after grinding to the last track, the method returns to the first track and repeats grinding again. However, as in Example 1, grinding may be repeated four times continuously for one track.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, when the processing tool repeatedly grinds on the same trajectory on the workpiece surface a plurality of times, the waviness due to the vertical movement of the processing tool does not match. Therefore, the grinding accuracy can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a grinding method in Example 1 and Example 2;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a grinding method according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a workpiece ground by a conventional grinder.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 ... Head as grinding wheel support means, 16 ... Grinding wheel as processing tool, 19 ... Motor as movement means, 21 ... Computer as control means, 24a-24n ... Track, 27 ... Final grinding surface, A, A -1, A-2, A-3, An, B, B-1, B-2, B-3, Bn, C, C-1, C-2, D, E, F ... Grinding Start position, W ... work.

Claims (2)

Relative to perform the feed movement between the working tool and the workpiece Noto by movement of the table mounted with the word over click, the grinding process for multiple times grind the same surface of the workpiece, the table during grinding A grinding method characterized in that the position of the movement start point in the same movement direction is changed relative to the previous movement start point in the same movement direction . 2. The grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the position of the table is changed so that start points in the same movement direction are all different .

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