JP4510646B2 - Woodworking drill - Google Patents

Woodworking drill Download PDF

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JP4510646B2
JP4510646B2 JP2005008538A JP2005008538A JP4510646B2 JP 4510646 B2 JP4510646 B2 JP 4510646B2 JP 2005008538 A JP2005008538 A JP 2005008538A JP 2005008538 A JP2005008538 A JP 2005008538A JP 4510646 B2 JP4510646 B2 JP 4510646B2
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tip
drill
drill body
woodworking
screw
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JP2006192820A (en
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寛 小林
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株式会社スターエム
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この発明は、螺旋状のドリル本体の先端に掬い刃を形成するとともに、ドリル本体の先端中心に、ドリル本体を先方に誘導する先ネジを突出させた木工用ドリルに関する発明である。   The present invention relates to a woodworking drill in which a scissors blade is formed at the tip of a spiral drill body, and a tip screw for guiding the drill body forward is projected at the center of the tip of the drill body.

木工用ドリルは、通常電動ドリルなどの回転駆動装置に装着して穿孔作業に利用する。この際、先ネジによって穿孔の位置決めを行なうとともに、ドリル本体を強制的に先方へ誘導することによって、掬い刃による穿孔を迅速に行なうことができるようにしている。この際、被加工物である木質材料では、一定方向の繊維が存在するため、ドリル本体の外周先端に突出させた、ナイフ状の罫書き刃によって円形に罫書いて繊維を切断し、その内方を掬い刃によって切除することで正確な円形孔を穿孔している。   Woodwork drills are usually mounted on a rotary drive device such as an electric drill and used for drilling. At this time, the drilling is positioned by the tip screw and the drill body is forcibly guided to the tip, so that the drilling by the scooping blade can be performed quickly. At this time, in the wood material that is the workpiece, there are fibers in a certain direction. Therefore, the fibers are cut in a circular shape with a knife-like scribing blade protruding from the outer peripheral tip of the drill body, A precise circular hole is drilled by cutting it out with a scooping blade.

回転駆動装置に木工用ドリルを装着して穿孔作業を行なう場合、先ネジによる引き込み力が過大となり、一定の深さの孔を穿孔することが困難な場合がある。このような場合を想定して、特許文献1には、先ネジのネジを低い山の帯状に形成することによって引き込み力を弱くする木工用ドリルの思想が開示されている。また、木工用ドリルには、特許文献2に開示されるように、ドリル本体先端の外周面に面取りを施し、切っ先を外周よりも内方に位置させることによって、穿孔の内周部分を傾斜方向の鉋状切削刃で切削することによって木材の繊維を切断し、罫書き刃を省略する木工用ドリルの技術思想も提案されている。
特開2002−210708号公報 特開2004−130760号公報
When drilling with a woodwork drill attached to the rotary drive device, the pulling force by the tip screw becomes excessive, and it may be difficult to drill a hole with a certain depth. Assuming such a case, Patent Document 1 discloses the idea of a woodworking drill that weakens the pulling force by forming the screw of the tip screw into a low mountain band shape. In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, the drill for woodworking is chamfered on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the drill body, and the cutting edge is positioned inward from the outer periphery, so that the inner peripheral portion of the drilling is inclined. A technical idea of a woodworking drill that cuts wood fibers by cutting with a saddle-shaped cutting blade and omits the scribing blade has also been proposed.
JP 2002-210708 A JP 2004-130760 A

従来の木工用ドリルでは、先ネジによって引き込まれ、穿孔の最終段階においても勢い良く貫通する傾向がある。すなわち、図7(a)に示すようにドリル本体Aは、先ネジBによって誘導され、罫書き刃Cによって罫書かれながら掬い刃Dによって被加工物Eの穿孔が能率的に進行する。木工用ドリルによる穿孔が進行し、穿孔の開口端に近づくと、図7(b)に示すように、罫書き刃Cの先端と被加工物Eの表面との厚みが薄くなる。その状態で、なおも勢い良くドリル本体Aによる穿孔が進行すると、開口端部分に木材の繊維方向に沿ってヒビ割れを生じ、図7(c)に示すように小片Fが剥離するなどし、貫通孔の開口縁がきれいな状態で穿孔できない傾向がある。   In the conventional woodwork drill, it is pulled in by the tip screw and tends to penetrate vigorously even in the final stage of drilling. That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the drill body A is guided by the tip screw B, and the drilling of the workpiece E efficiently proceeds by the scooping blade D while being scored by the scribing blade C. As the drilling by the woodworking drill progresses and approaches the opening end of the drilling, the thickness of the tip of the scribing blade C and the surface of the workpiece E becomes thinner as shown in FIG. In this state, when drilling by the drill body A still proceeds vigorously, cracks are generated in the opening end portion along the fiber direction of the wood, and the small pieces F are peeled off as shown in FIG. There is a tendency that the opening edge of the through hole cannot be drilled in a clean state.

特許文献2に開示されるように、掬い刃の先端外周縁に面取りを施し、罫書き刃を省略したものでは、罫書き刃を備えたものに比較して、貫通孔の内周面は比較的きれいな状態に穿孔することができるものであるが、穿孔の最終段階において勢い良くドリル本体が進行すると、開口縁に小さな欠損や木質繊維が完全に切断されないササクレ状態を生じ、必ずしもきれいな開口縁の貫通孔を穿孔することができるものではなかった。
上記、従来技術の欠点に鑑み、本発明はよりきれいな貫通孔を開けることができる木工用ドリルを工夫したものである。
As disclosed in Patent Document 2, the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole is compared with the one provided with chamfering on the outer peripheral edge of the scooping blade and omitting the scribing blade as compared with the one having the scribing blade. However, if the drill body progresses vigorously at the final stage of drilling, a small chipping or a crisp state in which the wood fiber is not completely cut occurs at the opening edge. The through hole could not be drilled.
In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention devises a woodworking drill capable of opening a cleaner through hole.

木工用ドリルにおい、開口端に欠損などを生じ、きれいな貫通孔を穿孔することができない理由として、ドリル本体1が勢い良く貫通し、開口縁部分の繊維の切断作業が充分に行なわれないことに起因することに着目し、穿孔の最終段階において、ドリル本体1の進行速度を緩めることによって開口部分の木質繊維の切断を完全に行なえるようにした。   As a reason why a woodworking drill has a defect at the opening end, and a clean through hole cannot be drilled, the drill body 1 penetrates vigorously, and the fiber cutting operation at the opening edge portion is not performed sufficiently. Focusing on the cause, in the final stage of drilling, the advance speed of the drill body 1 is slowed so that the wood fiber of the opening portion can be completely cut.

具体的には、螺旋状のドリル本体1の先端に、ドリル本体1を先方に誘導する先ネジ2を備えるとともに、外周位置から中心に向けて掬い刃3を備えた木工用ドリルにおいて、先ネジ2のネジ部2a上端よりも上方に掬い刃3を位置させる。そして、螺旋状のドリル本体1の先端部外表面に1または複数の周方向の溝4を形成する。周方向の溝4は、先ネジ2の螺旋方向と同じ方向の傾斜であって、先ネジ2のピッチ寸法Pよりも小さなピッチ寸法P’の傾斜とする。あるいは、周方向の溝4を、ドリル本体1の中心軸と直交する水平方向もしくは先ネジ2の螺旋方向と逆方向の傾斜とする。   Specifically, in the drill for woodworking provided with a tip screw 2 for guiding the drill body 1 forward at the tip of the spiral drill body 1 and a scooping blade 3 from the outer peripheral position toward the center, the tip screw The scooping blade 3 is positioned above the upper end of the screw portion 2a. Then, one or a plurality of circumferential grooves 4 are formed on the outer surface of the distal end portion of the spiral drill body 1. The circumferential groove 4 is inclined in the same direction as the spiral direction of the tip screw 2 and has a pitch dimension P ′ smaller than the pitch dimension P of the tip screw 2. Alternatively, the circumferential groove 4 is inclined in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the center axis of the drill body 1 or in the direction opposite to the spiral direction of the tip screw 2.

本発明は、ドリル本体1の外周面先端に面取り5を施し、掬い刃3の切っ先6を外周よりも内方に位置させた木工用ドリルに応用すると、より効果的である。   The present invention is more effective when applied to a woodworking drill in which a chamfer 5 is applied to the distal end of the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1 and the cutting edge 6 of the scooping blade 3 is positioned inward of the outer periphery.

請求項1記載の本発明木工用ドリルによれば、先ネジ2の誘導によって迅速に穿孔が進行する。先ネジ2のネジ部2aが被加工物7を貫通した段階で、ドリル本体1の先方への引き込み力がなくなる。このとき、被加工物7には未切削の部分が僅かに残っており、この部分は先ネジ2による誘導がない遅い速度、換言すれば、木質の繊維を充分に切断することができる遅い速度で切削することができるためきれいな開口縁の貫通孔を穿孔することができる。すなわち、ドリル本体1の外周面に形成した緩い傾斜角度の溝4の作用によって、速い速度で進行してきた穿孔速度が減速され、ゆっくりと先方に誘導される。   According to the drill for woodworking of the present invention, drilling proceeds rapidly by the induction of the tip screw 2. At the stage where the screw portion 2a of the tip screw 2 penetrates the workpiece 7, the pulling force toward the tip of the drill body 1 is lost. At this time, the workpiece 7 has a slight uncut portion, which is a slow speed that is not guided by the tip screw 2, in other words, a slow speed that can sufficiently cut wood fibers. Therefore, it is possible to drill a through hole having a clean opening edge. That is, by the action of the groove 4 having a gentle inclination angle formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1, the drilling speed that has progressed at a high speed is reduced and slowly guided forward.

請求項2記載の発明によれば、被加工物7の切削の最終段階において、ドリル本体1の先方への誘導を完全に解消し、あるいは逆に押し戻す小さな力を発生させ、作業者の操作によって、より遅い速度で最終的な貫通孔の切削を行なうことができる。これにより、よりきれいな状態に開口縁を切削することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the final stage of the cutting of the work piece 7, a small force that completely eliminates the guidance to the tip of the drill body 1 or pushes it backward is generated by the operator's operation. The final through hole can be cut at a slower speed. Thereby, an opening edge can be cut in a cleaner state.

請求項3記載の発明によれば、先ネジ2の作用によって迅速に穿孔が進行し、穿孔の最終段階においてのみ切削速度が遅くなり、罫書き刃ではない短い鉋状の掬い刃によって、よりきれいな開口縁の貫通孔を加工することができる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, drilling proceeds rapidly by the action of the tip screw 2, the cutting speed is reduced only at the final stage of drilling, and the cleaner is cleaner by the short bowl-shaped scooping blade that is not a scribing blade. The through hole at the opening edge can be processed.

以下、本発明に係る木工用ドリルの好ましい実施形態を、添付の図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施形態を示す木工用ドリル全体の正面図、図2は図1の先端部分のみの拡大図、図3は底面図、図4は穿孔の経過を示す断面図である。
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a woodworking drill according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the whole woodworking drill showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of only the tip portion of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a bottom view, and FIG. .

図1に示す木工用ドリルは、螺旋状のドリル本体1の先端中心位置に、木ネジ状の先ネジ2を形成するとともに、螺旋の先端には外周位置から中心に向けて掬い刃3を形成している。ドリル本体1の先端外周縁部分には、面取り5を施して切っ先6を外周よりも内方に位置させ、穿孔の内周部分を面取り5の先端である短い傾斜掬い刃3aによって切削することで罫書き刃を省略している。   The woodworking drill shown in FIG. 1 forms a wood screw-shaped tip screw 2 at the center position of the tip of the spiral drill body 1, and forms a scooping blade 3 from the outer peripheral position toward the center at the tip of the spiral. is doing. By chamfering 5 on the outer peripheral edge portion of the tip of the drill body 1, the cutting edge 6 is positioned inward of the outer periphery, and the inner peripheral portion of the drilling is cut by a short inclined scooping blade 3 a that is the tip of the chamfer 5. The scribing blade is omitted.

ドリル本体1の先端中心位置に配置される先ネジ2は、図2に示すようにピッチPで形成されるネジ部2aの基端部分に非ネジ部2bを形成している。すなわち、掬い刃3の切っ先6とネジ部2aの間に寸法L’の非ネジ部2bを形成している。掬い刃3は、図3に示すように螺旋の先端において外周位置から中心方向に向けて、回転の前縁に湾曲形状に形成するとともに、前縁から後方に向けて掬い角をとる関係上、図2に示すように立面図では上方に向けて湾曲する。また、ドリル本体1の外周面先端に面取り5を施すことによって、切っ先6が外周よりも内方位置において回転方向の前方に突出する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the tip screw 2 disposed at the center position of the tip of the drill body 1 forms a non-threaded portion 2 b at the base end portion of the threaded portion 2 a formed at a pitch P. That is, a non-threaded portion 2b having a dimension L 'is formed between the cutting edge 6 of the scooping blade 3 and the threaded portion 2a. As shown in FIG. 3, the scooping blade 3 is formed in a curved shape at the front edge of rotation from the outer peripheral position toward the center at the tip of the spiral, and takes a scooping angle from the front edge toward the rear, As shown in FIG. 2, it is curved upward in the elevation view. Further, by chamfering 5 the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1, the cutting edge 6 protrudes forward in the rotational direction at an inward position from the outer periphery.

ドリル本体1の外周面には、先ネジ2の螺旋と同じ方向の傾斜であって、先ネジ2のピッチ寸法Pよりも小さなピッチ寸法P’に相当する傾斜の溝4,4を刻設している。溝4は全周に連続する螺旋である必要はないが、螺旋と仮定した場合のピッチP’が先ネジ2のピッチ寸法よりも小さな傾斜を意味する。すなわち、溝4の傾斜角度αを周回させた場合のピッチP’が、先ネジ2のピッチPよりも小さくなる傾斜角度としている。なお、溝4は先ネジ2の螺旋のように被加工物7に食い込むことはないので、被加工物7を大きな力で先方へ引き込むようなものではなく、穿孔した孔の内表面との接触によって小さな力での誘導程度に機能する。   On the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1, grooves 4 and 4 having an inclination in the same direction as the spiral of the tip screw 2 and corresponding to a pitch dimension P ′ smaller than the pitch dimension P of the tip screw 2 are engraved. ing. The groove 4 does not need to be a spiral that is continuous over the entire circumference, but means that the pitch P ′ when the spiral is assumed to be smaller than the pitch dimension of the tip screw 2. That is, the pitch P ′ when the inclination angle α of the groove 4 is circulated is set to be an inclination angle smaller than the pitch P of the tip screw 2. Since the groove 4 does not bite into the workpiece 7 unlike the spiral of the tip screw 2, it does not pull the workpiece 7 forward with a large force, but contacts the inner surface of the drilled hole. It works to the extent of induction with a small force.

上記、形態の木工用ドリルによって穿孔作業を行なうと、図4の(a)に示すようにドリル本体1の回転にともなって先ネジ2の螺旋によってドリル本体1が被加工物7に引き込まれ、掬い刃3による穿孔が迅速に進行する。   When drilling is performed with the above-described woodworking drill, the drill body 1 is drawn into the workpiece 7 by the spiral of the tip screw 2 as the drill body 1 rotates as shown in FIG. Drilling with the scooping blade 3 proceeds rapidly.

穿孔が進行し、最終段階に差し掛かると、前方に突出する先ネジ2が被加工物7の裏側から突出する。図4の(b)に示すように、先ネジ2のネジ部2aが被加工物7の裏側に貫通すると、先ネジ2によってドリル本体1を前方に引き込む力が無くなる。そしてドリル本体1は、外表面に形成した溝4と、被加工物に穿孔した孔の内表面との接触によって小さな力で先方に誘導され、図4(a)における穿孔速度よりも遅い穿孔速度で貫通孔の最終段階を穿孔し、図4の(c)に示す状態で貫通孔の穿孔が完了する。   When the drilling proceeds and reaches the final stage, the tip screw 2 protruding forward protrudes from the back side of the workpiece 7. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the screw portion 2a of the tip screw 2 penetrates the back side of the workpiece 7, the force for pulling the drill body 1 forward by the tip screw 2 is lost. The drill body 1 is guided forward with a small force by contact between the groove 4 formed on the outer surface and the inner surface of the hole drilled in the workpiece, and the drilling speed is slower than the drilling speed in FIG. Then, the final stage of the through hole is drilled, and the drilling of the through hole is completed in the state shown in FIG.

すなわち、先ネジ2の作用によって適度な速い速度で穿孔が進行し、貫通孔の穿孔の最終段階においてのみ減速され、減速された状態で開口縁部分の木質繊維の切断をより完全に行ない、開口縁の加工をきれいな状態で完了させる。このとき、図示例のようにドリル本体の外周面先端に面取り5を施し、傾斜掬い刃によって穿孔するものであると、貫通直前の被加工物に貫通方向の大きな力らが作用せず、より効果的である。   That is, drilling proceeds at a moderately high speed by the action of the tip screw 2 and is decelerated only at the final stage of drilling the through hole, and the wood fiber of the opening edge portion is more completely cut in the decelerated state, Complete the edge processing cleanly. At this time, if the chamfer 5 is applied to the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the drill main body as shown in the illustrated example, and the drilling is performed with the inclined scooping blade, a large force in the penetrating direction does not act on the workpiece immediately before penetrating. It is effective.

ドリル本体1の外周面に刻設する溝4は、図示実施形態においては2条であるが、1条あるいは3条以上とすることもできる。また、溝4の傾斜方向は、図2に示す実施形態においては先ネジ2と同じ方向の傾斜角度αであるが、図5に示すように円周方向(水平方向)や、図6に示すように先ネジ2と逆方向の傾斜角度βの傾斜とすることもできる。   The number of grooves 4 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1 is two in the illustrated embodiment, but may be one or three or more. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the inclination direction of the groove 4 is the inclination angle α in the same direction as that of the tip screw 2, but as shown in FIG. 5, the circumferential direction (horizontal direction) or FIG. Thus, it can also be set as the inclination of the inclination angle (beta) of a reverse direction with the tip screw 2. FIG.

溝4は、先ネジのように被加工物に食い込んでドリル本体を強制的に進行させるものではなく、小さな力の誘導効果を発揮する程度である。しかしながら、溝4が全く存在しない場合は、先ネジ2が貫通したときの速度のまま穿孔が進行し、開口縁の切削が充分でなくなる。これに対し、少なくとも穿孔の進行速度を緩める効果を発揮する溝4を形成することによって穿孔速度を減速させるとともに、作業者の注意を喚起して慎重な穿孔作業を行なわせる効果がある。したがって、図5や図6に示す実施形態ではより大きな減速効果が得られることとなる。 The groove 4 does not bite into the work piece like a tip screw and forcibly advance the drill body, but exhibits a small force induction effect. However, when the groove 4 does not exist at all, the drilling proceeds at the speed when the tip screw 2 penetrates, and the opening edge is not sufficiently cut. On the other hand, there is an effect of slowing down the drilling speed by forming the groove 4 that exhibits at least the effect of slowing down the drilling speed, and alerting the operator to perform careful drilling work. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a larger deceleration effect can be obtained.

図示実施形態においては、ドリル本体1の外周面先端に面取りを施し、罫書き刃を省略した木工用ドリルに本発明を応用した実施形態を示しているが、本発明は罫書き刃を備えた木工用ドリルに応用することもできる。この場合、罫書き刃が掬い刃よりも大きく突出するものではなく、突出量の小さな罫書き刃を備えたものとし、先ネジ2のネジ部2a上端より上方の位置に、罫書き刃の先端が位置するものとする。   In the illustrated embodiment, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a woodworking drill in which the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the drill body 1 is chamfered and the scribing blade is omitted is shown, but the present invention includes a scribing blade. It can also be applied to woodworking drills. In this case, the scribing blade does not protrude larger than the scooping blade, but has a scribing blade with a small protrusion, and the tip of the scribing blade is positioned above the upper end of the screw portion 2a of the tip screw 2. Is located.

図1は、本発明の実施形態を示す木工用ドリル全体の正面図、FIG. 1 is a front view of the whole woodworking drill showing an embodiment of the present invention, 図2は、図1の木工用ドリルの先端部分のみの拡大図、FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of only the tip portion of the woodworking drill of FIG. 図3は、図1の木工用ドリルの拡大底面図、FIG. 3 is an enlarged bottom view of the woodworking drill of FIG. 図4は、穿孔の経過を示す断面図、FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the progress of perforation, 図5は、ドリル本体の外周面に刻設する溝の変形例を示す部分拡大図、FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a modification of the groove to be engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the drill body, 図6は、ドリル本体の外周面に刻設する溝の別の変形例を示す部分拡大図、FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view showing another modified example of the groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drill body, 図7は、従来の木工用ドリルによる穿孔の経過を示す断面図。FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the progress of drilling by a conventional woodworking drill.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…ドリル本体、 2…先ネジ、 2a…ネジ部、 2b…非ネジ部、 3…掬い刃、 3a…傾斜掬い刃、 4…溝、 5…面取り、 6…切っ先、 7…被加工物。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drill main body, 2 ... Tip screw, 2a ... Thread part, 2b ... Non-screw part, 3 ... Scuffing blade, 3a ... Inclined scooping blade, 4 ... Groove, 5 ... Chamfering, 6 ... Cutting edge, 7 ... Workpiece.

Claims (3)

螺旋状のドリル本体の先端に、ドリル本体を先方に誘導する先ネジを備えるとともに、
外周位置から中心に向けて掬い刃を備えた木工用ドリルにおいて、
先ネジのネジ部上端よりも上方に掬い刃を位置させるとともに、螺旋状のドリル本体の先端部外表面に1または複数の周方向の溝を形成し、該周方向の溝は、先ネジの螺旋方向と同じ方向の傾斜であって、先ネジのピッチ寸法よりも小さなピッチ寸法の傾斜であることを特徴とする木工用ドリル。
At the tip of the spiral drill body, with a tip screw that guides the drill body forward,
In woodworking drills with scooping blades from the outer periphery to the center,
A scooping blade is positioned above the upper end of the threaded portion of the tip screw, and one or a plurality of circumferential grooves are formed on the outer surface of the tip of the spiral drill body. A woodworking drill characterized by being inclined in the same direction as the spiral direction and having a pitch smaller than the pitch of the tip thread.
螺旋状のドリル本体の先端に、ドリル本体を先方に誘導する先ネジを備えるとともに、
外周位置から中心に向けて掬い刃を備えた木工用ドリルにおいて、
先ネジのネジ部上端よりも上方に掬い刃を位置させるとともに、螺旋状のドリル本体の先端部外表面に1または複数の周方向の溝を形成し、該周方向の溝は、ドリル本体の中心軸と直交する水平方向もしくは先ネジの螺旋方向と逆方向の傾斜であることを特徴とする木工用ドリル。
At the tip of the spiral drill body, with a tip screw that guides the drill body forward,
In woodworking drills with scooping blades from the outer periphery to the center,
A scooping blade is positioned above the upper end of the threaded portion of the tip screw, and one or more circumferential grooves are formed on the outer surface of the tip of the spiral drill body. A woodworking drill characterized by being inclined in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the central axis or in a direction opposite to the spiral direction of the tip screw.
ドリル本体の外周面先端に面取りを施し、掬い刃の切っ先を外周よりも内方に位置させたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の木工用ドリル。   The woodworking drill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the drill body is chamfered, and the cutting edge of the scooping blade is positioned inward of the outer periphery.
JP2005008538A 2005-01-17 2005-01-17 Woodworking drill Expired - Fee Related JP4510646B2 (en)

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