JP4499152B2 - 脊椎固定素子および脊椎固定方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 50
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7035—Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
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- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
- A61B17/7004—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods with a cross-section which varies along its length
- A61B17/7005—Parts of the longitudinal elements, e.g. their ends, being specially adapted to fit in the screw or hook heads
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7074—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
- A61B17/7083—Tools for guidance or insertion of tethers, rod-to-anchor connectors, rod-to-rod connectors, or longitudinal elements
- A61B17/7085—Tools for guidance or insertion of tethers, rod-to-anchor connectors, rod-to-rod connectors, or longitudinal elements for insertion of a longitudinal element down one or more hollow screw or hook extensions, i.e. at least a part of the element within an extension has a component of movement parallel to the extension's axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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Description
本発明は脊椎手術の方法および装置に関し、特に低侵襲脊椎手術用の脊椎固定素子、器具、および方法に関する。
脊椎融合は、二つあるいはそれ以上の隣接する椎骨をたがいに動かないように骨固定装置に接合することを含む処置である。公知のいろいろな理由で、脊椎固定装置を整形外科に用いて隣接する椎体を整列および/あるいはそれら椎体を所望の関係を保つように固定する。そのような装置は通常比較的剛性のある固定ロッドなどの脊椎固定素子を備え、この固定素子をフック、ボルト、ワイヤ、またはねじなどのいろいろな固定装置に取付けて隣接する椎骨に連結する。固定素子には植え込み目標部位の性質に応じて所定の輪郭を付けることができ、いったん植え込むと所望の治癒あるいは脊椎固定が終わるまで、あるいはもう少し長い期間隣接する脊椎骨を所望の位置関係に保持する。
本発明は概して、例えば椎骨ロッドのような脊椎固定素子を提供し、この脊椎固定素子は、その脊椎固定素子の上に、好ましくは、その末端あるいはその末端の近傍に形成された機能部を有する。この機能部は、例えば脊椎固定素子から外部へ放射状に出っ張っている球状あるいは球根状の突出部であってよい。使用時には、この機能部により脊椎固定素子を取付け装置で保持でき、その取付け装置に連結されまた患者の脊柱の椎骨に植え込まれた椎骨アンカーに対する脊椎固定素子の位置決めが容易になり、さらに必要ならば隣接する椎骨に植え込まれた椎骨アンカーに対する脊椎固定素子の位置決めが容易になる。
本発明は、機能部(feature)を形成してある椎骨ロッドのような脊椎固定素子を提供するもので、この機能部により脊椎固定素子の取付け装置を介しての配置が容易になり、取付け装置に接続されまた患者の脊柱の椎骨に植え込まれる椎骨アンカーに対して脊椎固定素子を定置させることができる。機能部は、必要に応じて隣接する椎骨に植え込んだ一つあるいはそれ以上の椎骨アンカーに対する脊椎固定素子の配置を容易にもする。特に、脊椎固定素子を、少なくとも一つのスロットあるいは開口を有しそのスロットあるいは開口の幅が機能部の幅より狭く機能部が通り抜けないようにした取付け装置と使用するように構成した。従って、脊椎固定素子を取付け装置を介して挿入でき、機能部を取付け装置内に保持しながら固定素子の一部を取付け装置のスロットあるいは開口を通すことができる。その結果、機能部が取付け装置に結合される椎骨アンカー内に着座し、脊椎固定素子の機能部を除く残りの部分が隣接する椎骨に植え込まれた椎骨アンカー内に位置する。
(1)椎骨植え込みキットにおいて、
近位端と遠位端との間に延在する内腔、および、前記遠位端に隣接して前記内腔の側壁に形成した少なくとも一つの開口を有する取付け装置と、
脊椎固定素子であって、前記脊椎固定素子の末端部に隣接して前記脊椎固定素子上に形成した機能部を有し、前記機能部は前記取り付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口を通り抜けられない大きさである、前記脊椎固定素子と、
を具備する、キット。
(2)実施の態様1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記機能部は前記脊椎固定素子の前記末端部上に形成した球根状突出部を具備する、キット。
(3)実施の態様2に記載のキットにおいて、
前記球根状突出部はほぼ平坦な部分を含む、キット。
(4)実施の態様1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記機能部は前記脊椎固定素子から外側に放射状に延びる突出部を具備する、キット。
(5)実施の態様1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記取付け装置の側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口は前記取付け装置の前記遠位端から前記取付け装置の前記近位端の遠位側まで延びている、キット。
前記少なくとも一つの開口の長さは前記脊椎固定素子の長さより長い、キット。
(7)実施の態様5に記載のキットにおいて、
前記取付け装置は、前記取付け装置に形成された対向する開口を有する、キット。
(8)実施の態様1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記脊椎固定素子を前記取付け装置内で遠位端方向に押込むように構成された押込み部材、
をさらに具備する、キット。
(9)実施の態様8に記載のキットにおいて、
前記押込み部材は、近位端側ハンドル部と、前記取付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの側壁開口内に滑動自在に配置でき、かつ当該側壁開口内へ延在する遠位部分と、を有する細長いシャフトを具備する、キット。
(10)実施の態様1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記脊椎固定素子の一部を前記側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口を介して延在させるように前記取付け装置の側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口内に滑動自在に配置できる押込み部材、
をさらに具備する、キット。
前記押込み部材を第1の近位位置と第2の遠位位置との間で移動させるように構成された作動部材、
をさらに具備する、キット。
(12)椎骨植え込みキットにおいて、
近位端と遠位端との間に延在する内腔、および、前記遠位端に隣接して前記内腔の側壁に形成した少なくとも一つの開口を有する取付け装置と、
脊椎固定素子であって、前記脊椎固定素子の末端部に隣接して前記脊椎固定素子上に形成した球根状突出部を有し、前記球根状突出部は前記取り付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口を通り抜けられないように構成されている、前記脊椎固定素子と、
を具備する、キット。
(13)実施の態様12に記載のキットにおいて、
前記球根状突出部は、前記取付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口の幅よりも大きい直径を有する、キット。
(14)患者の脊柱の椎骨内に配置した少なくともひとつの椎骨アンカーに脊椎固定素子を植え込む方法において、
末端に隣接して形成した機能部を有する脊椎固定素子を、椎骨アンカーに接続した取付け装置内の内腔に挿入するステップであって、前記取付け装置はその取付け装置の遠位端に隣接して側壁に形成し、かつ前記機能部が通り抜けるのを防ぐように構成したスロットを含む、前記ステップと、
前記脊椎固定素子を操作して前記機能部を前記取付け装置に接続した前記椎骨アンカーの収容部材内に定置させ、前記脊椎固定素子の残りの部分を前記スロットを介して延在させるステップと、
を具備する、方法。
(15)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子の前記機能部を前記椎骨アンカーに対してロックするステップ、
をさらに含む、方法。
前記機能部は前記脊椎固定素子の前記末端部上に形成した球根状突出部を具備する、方法。
(17)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記取付け装置の前記スロットは前記取付け装置の前記遠位端から前記取付け装置の前記近位端の遠位側まで延びている、方法。
(18)実施の態様17に記載の方法において、
前記スロットの長さは前記脊椎固定素子の長さより長い、方法。
(19)実施の態様17に記載の方法において、
前記取付け装置は前記脊椎固定素子の長さよりも短い直径を有する、方法。
(20)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を操作する前記ステップは押込み部材を用いて前記脊椎固定素子を前記取付け装置内で遠位端方向に押込むステップを具備する、方法。
前記押込み部材は、前記脊椎固定素子の一部を前記側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口を介して延在させるように前記取付け装置の側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口内に滑動自在に配置される、方法。
(22)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を操作する前記ステップは、前記脊椎固定素子の残り部分を患者の脊柱の隣接する椎骨内に配された椎骨アンカーの収容部材内に位置させるステップをさらに具備する、方法。
(23)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を前記機能部を先頭にして前記取付け装置の近位端部に挿入する、方法。
(24)実施の態様23に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を操作する前記ステップは、前記脊椎固定素子の後端部を前記取付け装置の前記スロットを介して延在させるステップを含む、方法。
(25)実施の態様14に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を前記機能部を後端にして前記取付け装置の近位端部に挿入する、方法。
前記脊椎固定素子を操作する前記ステップは、前記脊椎固定素子の先頭部分を前記取付け装置の前記スロットを介して延在させるステップ、および、その後、前記機能部を前記取付け装置内で遠位方向に押込んで前記機能部を前記椎骨アンカーの前記収容部材内に収めるステップ、を含む、方法。
(27)脊椎固定素子を植え込む方法において、
患者の脊柱の隣接する椎骨に植え込んだ少なくとも二つの椎骨アンカーを用意するステップと、
近位端と遠位端との間に延在する内腔を有する取付け装置を用意するステップであって、前記遠位端は前記椎骨アンカーの一つに接続するように構成されており、前記取付け装置は前記遠位端に隣接してその取付け装置の側壁に形成したスロットをさらに含む、前記ステップと、
第1端部および機能部を形成してある第2端部を有する脊椎固定素子を用意するステップであって、前記機能部は前記取付け装置の前記側壁の前記スロットを通り抜けるのを防ぐ大きさにしてある、前記ステップと、
前記脊椎固定素子を前記取付け装置の前記内腔に挿入するステップと、
前記脊椎固定素子を操作して、前記機能部を前記取付け装置に取付けた前記椎骨アンカー内に位置させ、前記脊椎固定素子が前記椎骨アンカーの間に延在するように前記第1端部を前記スロットを介して延在させるステップと、
を含む、方法。
(28)実施の態様27に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を、前記第2端部を先頭にし、かつ第1端部を最後尾にして前記取付け装置の前記内腔に挿入する、方法。
(29)実施の態様27に記載の方法において、
前記脊椎固定素子を、前記第1端部を先頭にし、かつ前記第2端部を最後尾にして前記取付け装置の前記内腔に挿入する、方法。
Claims (13)
- 椎骨植え込みキットにおいて、
近位端(12a)と遠位端(12b)との間に延在する内腔(12c)、および、前記遠位端に隣接して前記内腔の側壁に形成した少なくとも一つの開口(14)を有する取付け装置(12)と、
脊椎固定素子(10)であって、前記脊椎固定素子の末端部(10a,10b)に隣接して前記脊椎固定素子上に形成した機能部(10c)を有し、前記機能部は前記取付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口のどの部分も通り抜けられない大きさである、前記脊椎固定素子と、
を具備する、キット。 - 請求項1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記機能部は前記脊椎固定素子の前記末端部上に形成した球根状突出部を具備する、キット。 - 請求項2に記載のキットにおいて、
前記球根状突出部は平坦な部分を含む、キット。 - 請求項1に記載のキットにおいて、
前記機能部は前記脊椎固定素子から外側に放射状に延びる突出部を具備する、キット。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のキットにおいて、
前記取付け装置の側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口は前記取付け装置の前記遠位端から前記取付け装置の前記近位端の遠位側まで延びている、キット。 - 請求項5に記載のキットにおいて、
前記少なくとも一つの開口の長さ(l o )は前記脊椎固定素子の長さ(l r )より長い、キット。 - 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載のキットにおいて、
前記少なくとも一つの開口は対向する開口(14a,14b)である、キット。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のキットにおいて、
前記脊椎固定素子を前記取付け装置内で遠位端方向に押込むように構成された押込み部材(60、70)、
をさらに具備する、キット。 - 請求項8に記載のキットにおいて、
前記押込み部材(60)は、取付け装置(12)の内腔(12c)内に滑動自在に配されるように構成された遠位押込み部(64)を有する細長いシャフト(62)を具備する、キット。(0021) - 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のキットにおいて、
前記脊椎固定素子の一部を前記側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口を介して延在させるように前記取付け装置の側壁の前記少なくとも一つの開口内に滑動自在に配置できる押込み部材(60、64)、
をさらに具備する、キット。 - 請求項10に記載のキットにおいて、
前記押込み部材(64)を第1の近位位置と第2の遠位位置との間で移動させるように構成された作動部材(62)、
をさらに具備する、キット。 - 椎骨植え込みキットにおいて、
近位端(12a)と遠位端(12b)との間に延在する内腔(12c)、および、前記遠位端に隣接して前記内腔の側壁に形成した少なくとも一つの開口(14)を有する取付け装置(12)と、
脊椎固定素子(10)であって、前記脊椎固定素子の末端部(10a,10b)に隣接して前記脊椎固定素子上に形成した球根状突出部(10c)を有し、前記球根状突出部は前記取付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口のどの部分も通り抜けられないように構成されている、前記脊椎固定素子(10)と、
を具備する、キット。 - 請求項12に記載のキットにおいて、
前記球根状突出部は、前記取付け装置の前記少なくとも一つの開口の幅(W)よりも大きい直径(W f )を有する、キット。
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US10/708,721 US7547318B2 (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-03-19 | Spinal fixation element and methods |
PCT/US2005/004208 WO2005094416A2 (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2005-02-10 | Spinal fixation element and methods |
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CA2559984C (en) | 2010-05-18 |
JP2007529268A (ja) | 2007-10-25 |
AU2005227866A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
WO2005094416A3 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
US20050215999A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
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