JP4473730B2 - 過剰増殖性細胞を認識する抗体ならびにその作製および使用方法 - Google Patents
過剰増殖性細胞を認識する抗体ならびにその作製および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2002年9月11日付けで出願した米国特許出願第60/410,366号の優先権の恩典を主張するものである。
本発明は、過剰増殖性細胞と関連した抗原に結合する抗体、および過剰増殖性疾患の処置方法に関する。
外科手術、放射線療法、および化学療法のような古典的な抗新生物治療の方針は、新生物の大部分を治療できないばかりか、その利用により、重度のおよび衰弱性の副作用が引き起こされることが多い。がん治療の「特効薬」としての抗体の潜在性が、1世紀近い間、認められている。この過去25年間、さまざまな科学の発展により、無制限の量の臨床用のマウス、キメラ、およびヒト化モノクローナル抗体(MoAb)の産生が可能となった。
単離されたヒトポリクローナルおよびモノクローナル抗体が提供される。一つの態様として、抗体は、RM4(ATCC寄託番号PTA-5412)と命名され、およびAgRM4と命名された抗原に選択的に結合する。他の態様として、抗体は、RM2(ATCC寄託番号PTA-5411)と命名され、およびAgRM2と命名された抗原に選択的に結合する。
本発明は、少なくとも部分的には、インビボの腫瘍細胞を含む、過剰増殖性細胞に選択的に結合するヒト抗体の単離および特徴付けに基づく。すなわち、この抗体は、非増殖性細胞と比べて過剰増殖性細胞に選択的に結合する。従って、この抗体は、過剰増殖性細胞および本抗体が結合する抗原の存在の検出およびスクリーニングに有用である。さらに、この抗体は、十分な量で投与した場合、それらが結合する過剰増殖性細胞に対して細胞傷害性である。例えば、本明細書に例示されるように、本発明の抗体、例えば、RM4(ATCC寄託番号PTA-5412)は、腫瘍を持つマウスにおいて腫瘍縮小を誘発する(腫瘍容積を減少させる)ことができる(例えば、図2および3を参照されたい)。従って、本発明の抗体は、例えば、非転移性および転移性の腫瘍を含む、好ましくない、過剰なまたは異常な細胞の増殖を処置するのに有用である。
実施例1
本実施例により、ヒトモノクローナル抗体RM2(ATCC寄託番号PTA-5411)の特徴が記述される。
結腸および膵臓がん患者由来の排膿性のがん領域リンパ節のプールを、生検外科標本から得て、無菌の条件下で処理し、その後、ヤマゴボウマイトジェン(PWM; Borrebaeck, C.(ed) In Vitro Immunization in Hybridoma Technology; Elsevier Publisher, New York, 1988)を用いてインビトロで刺激した。手短に言えば、結節部分を無血清RPMI 1640培地に浸し、異質組織および嚢成分(capsular component)がないように切り落とし、それからヌジェント鉗子で細かく切り裂いて、単個細胞浮遊液を調製した。より大きな凝集体を沈降させた後に浮遊状態のまま残った細胞を取り除いて、2回洗浄した(500×g、5分間)。解剖および細胞調製は全て、室温で行った。単離したリンパ球は、10% FCSおよびPWM(Borrebaeck, C.(ed)、前掲)を添加したRPMI 1640培地の中に5×106個/mlとして再懸濁させ、その後、融合の前に5% CO2/95%大気中にて37℃で一晩インキュベートした。
新鮮な外科生検標本の組織薄片(5μ厚)をクリオスタットにより調製し、評価のためにスライドグラスに載せた(Harlow and Lane、前掲)。RM2を最初にスライドに添加し、45分間インキュベートし、洗浄して、ビオチン化ヤギ抗ヒトIgG二次抗体とさらに45分間インキュベートし、その後、アビジン-西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼと続けた。切片をエバンスブルー/ヘマトキシリンで対比染色して、封入した。これらの結果を表2に示す。
RM2クローンの抗体含有上清をプールし、濃縮して、プロテインGクロマトグラフィーで精製した。カラムを十分に洗浄して、結合していないタンパク質を除去した。RM2抗体を低pHによりカラムから溶出させて、その後、活性をアッセイした。
標準的なクロラミン-T法を利用して、精製したRM2を125Iで標識した。RM2 1.0 mgを125I(14〜17 mCi/μg)と、12×75チューブの中でヨウ素 対 タンパク質の比率を1 対 10として結合させた。タンパク質100μg当たりクロラミン-T 10μlを加えて、室温で3分間インキュベートした。タンパク質100μg当たりメタ重亜硫酸ナトリウム10μlを用いて、反応を停止させた。G-50〜80遠心カラムを用いて、結合していない125Iを除去した。比放射能を0.2〜1.0 mCi/mg(0.02〜0.1 mCi/l00μg RM2)とした。PANC-1細胞4×106個を胸腺欠損雌マウス(nu/nu; 4〜6週齢)5匹の左脇腹に皮下移植した。腫瘍容積が約200〜300 mm3となった時点で、各マウスに尾静脈から125I標識RM2 100μlを与えた。48時間後、マウスを屠殺して、腫瘍、血液、および主要な臓器を取り出し、重量を量り、ガンマシンチレーション・カウンタで測定した。これらの結果を表3に示す。
第0日目に、胸腺欠損雌マウス(nu/nu; 4〜6週齢)15匹のそれぞれにPANC-1細胞4×106個を左脇腹に注射して、各マウス5匹の3グループに分けた。第7日目に、グループ1にはPBS を100μl注射し、グループ2には対照(無関係な)IgG 100μgを100μl注射し、およびグループ3にはRM2 100μgを100μl注射した。第10日目に、各グループにその各処置の2回目の注射を行った。第14日目に、各グループに3回目の注射を行い、第21日目に、各グループにその最後の注射を行った。1週間に1回、各マウスを評価し、その同じ日に腫瘍を測定した。このデータを図1に示す。注射後の各週の数値で表した腫瘍容積を表7に要約する。
本実施例により、ヒトモノクローナル抗体RM4の単離、その抗体の組織および抗原結合特性ならびにその抗体の配列が記述される。
結腸がん患者由来の排膿性のがん領域リンパ節のプールを、生検外科標本から得て、無菌の条件下で処理した。手短に言えば、結節部分を無血清RPMI 1640培地に浸し、異質組織および嚢成分(capsular component)がないように切り落とし、それからヌジェント鉗子で細かく切り裂いて、単個細胞浮遊液を調製した。より大きな凝集体を沈降させた後に浮遊状態のまま残った細胞を取り除いて、2回洗浄した(500×g、5分間)。解剖および細胞調製は全て、室温で行った。単離したリンパ球は、10% FCSを添加したRPMI 1640培地の中に5×106個/mlとして再懸濁させて、融合の前に5% CO2/95%大気中にて37℃で一晩インキュベートした。
ヒト免疫グロブリンの定量化は、以前に記載されているように標準的な酵素免疫アッセイ(EIA)により評価した(Harlow and Lane、前掲)。
RM4の特異性を評価するため、この抗体をヒト細胞株のパネルに対してスクリーニングした。このデータを表4に示す。この細胞株をAmerican Type Culture Collection (ATCC)から入手し、解析のためにアッセイプレートに固定化した。手短に言えば、対数増殖期の細胞を収集し、PBSで洗浄し、再懸濁させ、平底のImmulon 96ウェルプレートに細胞2×105個/ウェルとして分注して、37℃の乾燥器中に一晩置いた(Harlow, E. and Lane, D. Antibodies. A Laboratory Manual; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, 1988)。これらの細胞に、RM4抗体の上清を添加し、インキュベートし、洗浄して、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ結合ヤギ抗ヒトIgGで発色させた。試験は全て3重で行い、マイクロプレートEIAリーダーで測定した。
新鮮な外科生検標本の組織薄片(5μ厚)をクリオスタットにより調製し、評価のためにスライドグラスに載せた(Harlow and Lane、前掲)。RM4を最初にスライドに添加し、45分間インキュベートし、洗浄して、ビオチン化ヤギ抗ヒトIgG二次抗体とさらに45分間インキュベートし、その後、アビジン-西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼと続けた。切片をエバンスブルー/ヘマトキシリンで対比染色して、封入した。これらの結果を表5に示す。
RM4クローンの抗体上清をプールし、濃縮して、プロテインGクロマトグラフィーで精製した。カラムを十分に洗浄して、結合していないタンパク質を除去した。RM4抗体を低pHによりカラムから溶出させて、その後、活性をアッセイした。
標準的なクロラミン-T法を利用して、精製したRM4を125Iで標識した。RM4 1.0 mgを125I(14〜17 mCi/μg)と、12×75チューブの中でヨウ素 対 タンパク質の比率を1 対 10として結合させた。タンパク質100μg当たりクロラミン-T 10μlを加えて、室温で3分間インキュベートした。タンパク質100μg当たりメタ重亜硫酸ナトリウム10μlを用いて、反応を停止させた。G-50〜80遠心カラムを用いて、結合していない125Iを除去した。比放射能を0.2〜1.0 mCi/mg(0.02〜0.1 mCi/l00μg RM3)とした。SK-BR-3細胞4×106個を胸腺欠損雌マウス(nu/nu; 4〜6週齢)5匹の左脇腹に皮下移植した。腫瘍容積が約200〜300 mm3となった時点で、各マウスに尾静脈から125I標識RM4 100μlを与えた。48時間後、マウスを屠殺して、腫瘍、血液、および主要な臓器を取り出し、重量を量り、ガンマシンチレーション・カウンタで測定した。これらの結果を表6に示す。
第0日目に、胸腺欠損雌マウス(nu/nu; 4〜6週齢)15匹のそれぞれにColo205細胞4×106個を左脇腹に注射して、各マウス5匹の3グループに分けた。第7日目に、グループ1にはPBS を100μl注射し、グループ2には対照(無関係な)IgG 100μgを100μl注射し、およびグループ3にはRM4 100μgを100μl注射した。第10日目に、各グループにその各処置の2回目の注射を行った。第14日目に、各グループに3回目の注射を行い、第21日目に、各グループにその最後の注射を行った。1週間に1回、各マウスを評価し、その同じ日に腫瘍を測定した。このデータを図2に示す。注射後の各週の数値で表した腫瘍容積を表7に要約する。
標準的なウエスタンブロット法により、抗原が検出されなかった。このことから、AgRM4がタンパク質ではない、立体構造依存的な構造体である、または細胞の非タンパク質画分に結合することが示唆される。
本実施例により、RM2抗体との併用によるRM4の相乗活性が記述される。
Claims (46)
- ATCC寄託番号PTA-5412を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される、RM4と命名された単離ヒトモノクローナル抗体。
- 細胞傷害性分子を含む、請求項1記載の抗体。
- 細胞傷害性分子が細菌毒素、植物毒素、放射性核種、細胞毒性薬、またはサイトカインから選択される、請求項2記載の抗体。
- 放射性核種がα、βまたはγ放射体である、請求項3記載の抗体。
- 検出可能な標識またはタグを含む、請求項1記載の抗体。
- 検出可能な標識が放射性同位体、蛍光化合物、コロイド金属、化学発光化合物、生物発光化合物、酵素または常磁性標識から選択される、請求項5記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞に結合する、請求項1記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞が乳細胞、結腸細胞、腸細胞、または肺細胞から選択される、請求項7記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞には、転移性または非転移性のがん細胞が含まれる、請求項7記載の抗体。
- 転移性または非転移性の過剰増殖性のがん細胞が、乳がん細胞、結腸がん細胞、腸がん細胞、または肺がん細胞から選択される、請求項9記載の抗体。
- ATCC寄託番号PTA-5411を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される、RM2と命名された単離ヒトモノクローナル抗体。
- 細胞傷害性分子を含む、請求項11記載の抗体。
- 細胞傷害性分子が細菌毒素、植物毒素、放射性核種、細胞毒性薬、またはサイトカインから選択される、請求項12記載の抗体。
- 放射性核種がα、βまたはγ放射体である、請求項13記載の抗体。
- 検出可能な標識またはタグを含む、請求項11記載の抗体。
- 検出可能な標識が放射性同位体、蛍光化合物、コロイド金属、化学発光化合物、生物発光化合物、酵素または常磁性標識から選択される、請求項15記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞に結合する、請求項11記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞が乳細胞、肺細胞、膵臓細胞、または皮膚細胞から選択される、請求項17記載の抗体。
- 過剰増殖性細胞には、転移性または非転移性のがん細胞が含まれる、請求項17記載の抗体。
- 転移性または非転移性の過剰増殖性のがん細胞が、乳がん細胞、肺がん細胞、膵臓がん細胞、または黒色腫細胞から選択される、請求項19記載の抗体。
- ATCC寄託番号PTA-5411、またはATCC寄託番号PTA-5412を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される抗体をコードする核酸。
- 請求項21記載の核酸を含む細胞。
- ATCC寄託番号PTA-5412、またはPTA-5411を有するハイブリドーマ。
- 請求項1記載の抗体、および/または請求項11記載の抗体、ならびに一つまたは複数の抗腫瘍薬または免疫増強剤を含む組成物。
- 薬剤には抗原に結合する抗体が含まれる、請求項24記載の組成物。
- 請求項24記載の組成物を含むキット。
- 請求項1記載の抗体を含むキット。
- 請求項11記載の抗体を含むキット。
- 請求項1記載の抗体、および/または請求項11記載の抗体、ならびに薬学的に許容される担体を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 以下の段階を含む、請求項1または11記載の抗体の産生方法:
a) 請求項21記載の核酸を宿主細胞または翻訳用抽出物へ導入する段階と、
b) 該核酸が、該抗体を含む翻訳産物として発現されるような条件の下で、該宿主細胞または抽出物をインキュベートする段階と、
c) 該抗体を単離する段階。 - ATCC寄託番号PTA-5412を有するハイブリドーマをインキュベートする段階を含む、請求項1記載の抗体の産生方法。
- ATCC寄託番号PTA-5411を有するハイブリドーマをインキュベートする段階を含む、請求項11記載の抗体の産生方法。
- 乳、結腸、または肺に位置する腫瘍を有するか、または有する危険性がある被検体を処置するための薬学的組成物を調製するための、請求項1記載の抗体の効果的な量の使用。
- 乳、肺、もしくは膵臓に位置する腫瘍、もしくは黒色腫を有するか、または有する危険性がある被検体を処置するための薬学的組成物を調製するための、請求項11記載の抗体の効果的な量の使用。
- 肺に存在する腫瘍を有するか、または有する危険性がある被検体を処置するための薬学的組成物を調製するための、請求項1記載の抗体、および請求項11記載の抗体の効果的な量の使用。
- 腫瘍には、ステージI期、II期、III期、IV期またはV期の腫瘍が含まれる、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 腫瘍は固形または液性である、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 腫瘍は転移性または非転移性である、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 処置は腫瘍容積の増加を阻害する、または腫瘍の進行を阻害する、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 処置は腫瘍と関連した一つまたは複数の有害症状を軽減させる、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 処置は死亡率を減少させる、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 被検体は抗腫瘍療法の候補であるか、その療法を受けているか、または受けていた、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 薬学的組成物が抗腫瘍薬または免疫増強剤をさらに含む、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 薬学的組成物には、さらに抗体が含まれる、請求項33〜35のいずれか一項記載の使用。
- 薬学的組成物には、さらにATCC寄託番号PTA-5411を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される、RM2と命名されたヒトモノクローナル抗体が含まれる、請求項33記載の使用。
- 薬学的組成物には、さらにATCC寄託番号PTA-5412を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される、RM4と命名されたヒトモノクローナル抗体が含まれる、請求項34記載の使用。
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