JP4473037B2 - Machine tool dust collector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust collecting device for a machine tool for collecting chips, dusts, and the like that are generated when a workpiece is processed.

  When a workpiece is cut in a machine tool, a large amount of chips and dust are generated along with the machining. In particular, when cutting a casting, a resin, or the like, the generation of dust is significant, and the generated dust is scattered widely. Therefore, conventionally, a dust collector as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 may be installed in a machine tool in order to collect dust generated during processing and prevent scattering thereof. .

Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-128346 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-170940

Here, based on FIG. 4, the dust collector 51 currently disclosed by patent document 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the machine tool 50 as viewed from the front.
In the machine tool 50, a table 54 on which a work 53 can be placed is placed on a bed 52 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and the work 53 is processed by a tool 56 attached to a spindle head 55. In addition, a dust collecting device 51 is installed behind the spindle head 55 so that chips and dust generated during processing are sucked from a plurality of intake ports 57, 57... Opened near the processing position. It has become.

  However, even if the intake port 57 is opened in the vicinity of the machining position, the periphery of the machining position (hereinafter referred to as a machining area) is open, so that it is difficult to efficiently suck the scattered dust.

Therefore, in order to suppress the scattering of dust, it is conceivable to attach a scattering prevention cover that covers the left and right sides, the front, the rear, and the upper side of the processing region. However, in order to sufficiently achieve the dust scattering prevention function, covers that are attached to the left and right sides of the table moving range are actually provided, and it is necessary to make the cover considerably long in the front-rear direction. As a result, the machine tool becomes larger, resulting in problems in equipment cost and installation space. Further, since the machining area is shielded over a wide range, there is a problem that it is difficult for the operator to grasp the machining status and the like.
Further, in order to sufficiently achieve the dust scattering prevention function, it is necessary to shield the front of the processing area, but the front cover must be opened and closed each time the work 53 is attached or detached. Therefore, it is very inconvenient and the structure of the cover becomes complicated, resulting in high equipment costs.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which an intake device having a suction port that covers an upper portion of a tool attached to a main shaft is installed. However, since the apparatus is attached in the vicinity of the tool, a normal tool changer or the like cannot be used, and there is a possibility that the workpiece and the air intake apparatus may interfere during processing.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can effectively collect dust and the like, and is inexpensive and does not interfere with machining of the machine tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide an easy-to-use machine tool dust collector.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a dust collecting device for a machine tool installed in a machine tool that performs machining by attaching a tool to a spindle head installed in a machining area, An air blowing duct having a plurality of air outlets through which air supplied from the air supply means can be blown out is provided in front of the spindle head, and further forward of the air blowing duct; adjacent to, while attaching the first cover to shield the front side of the machining area in the lateral direction, to the rear of the spindle head, it established a connected suction duct to said inlet means, adjacent the spindle head and the suction port behind the suction duct, attach the second cover for shielding the rear side of the machining area in the lateral direction, further, a third cover for shielding the one side of the machining area Take Put in, that the blowing amount of air blown out from the air outlet of the third side cover is not installed, and larger than the outlet amount of the air blown out from the air outlet of the third side cover is attached It is characterized by.
The invention of claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, said first cover, that mounted to be movable in an open position for opening the working area and the shielding position for shielding the working area It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, dust generated by the first cover can be prevented from scattering outside the processing region. Further, air is blown out from the air blowing duct, and dust can be efficiently collected by the air whose flow is restricted by the first cover. Furthermore, since it is composed only of an air supply means, an intake means, an air blowing duct, a first cover, a suction duct, etc., it can be retrofitted to a conventional machine tool that has already been installed. In addition to being very expensive, it can be a machine tool with a dust collector at a very low cost, and is also economical.
Furthermore, since the rearward of the main spindle head fitted with a second cover, it can be prevented more efficiently scattering of dust. Furthermore, since the processing area can be further shielded by providing the third cover, dust scattering can be further prevented. In addition, it is possible to adjust the amount of air blown out, and by increasing the amount of blown air on the open side of the processing region, the dust collection effect can be enhanced even though only one side is shielded. In addition, since an open side that does not shield the machining area is provided and it does not interfere with the monitoring of the work status by the worker, it is very convenient to use.
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 2 , since the first cover is attached so as to be movable between a shielding position for shielding the machining area and an open position for opening the machining area, the work replacement work and the operator It is easy to use without interfering with work.

  Hereinafter, a dust collector for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a machine tool 1 provided with a dust collector 2 as viewed from the left side. The left side in FIG. 1 is the front of the machine tool 1. FIG. 2 is a partial explanatory view of the machining area of the machine tool 1 as viewed from above. Further, FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a machining area of the machine tool 1.

The machine tool 1 includes a dust collector 2, a bed 3, a table 4 attached to the bed 3 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, a gate frame 5, and the like. The dust collector 2 is installed.
The gate frame 5 includes columns 6 and 6 fixed to both sides of the bed 3, a top beam 7 that connects the columns 6 and 6 at the top, and a front side of the columns 6 and 6 with respect to the columns 6 and 6. The cross rail 8 is movable up and down, and the spindle head 9 is movable in the left and right directions on the front side of the cross rail 8.

The dust collector 2 includes a rear side device 10 including a second cover 17 installed behind the gate frame 5 and a front side device 11 including a first cover 19 installed forward of the gate frame 5. And the third cover 26.
First, the rear side device 10 will be described. The rear side device 10 includes a suction duct 12, a duct hose 13, a dust collection duct 14, a dust collector (intake means) 15, a second cover 17, and the like. The suction duct 12 is installed at the lower part of the cross rail 8 and can move up and down together with the cross rail 8. The suction port 16 of the suction duct 12 has a taper surface that is rearwardly lowered so as to suck dust generated during processing more efficiently. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the suction port 16 has a width that is substantially the same as the width in the left-right direction of the table 4. On the other hand, the suction duct 12 is connected to a duct hose 13 that can be expanded and contracted at the rear end.

The duct hose 13 is connected to a dust collection duct 14, and the dust collection duct 14 is connected to a dust collector 15 having a power source. That is, by operating the dust collector 15, dust is sucked from the suction port 16 of the suction duct 12 and is collected to the dust collector 15 through the duct hose 13 and the dust collection duct 14.
Further, a belt-like second cover 17 is attached to the lower surface of the suction duct 12 so as to be wound around a horizontal rotation axis. The second cover 17 is made of a resin that has flame retardancy, is opaque, and can be easily elastically deformed. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the second cover 17 is in a suspended state.

  Next, the front side device 11 will be described. The front side device 11 includes an air blowing duct 18, a first cover 19, and the like. The air blowing duct 18 is provided with a plurality of slits (air outlets) 21, 21... On the lower surface of the duct opening in order to blow out air sent from an air blower (air supply means) 20. Then, in order to prevent the dust or the like generated in the machining area of the machine tool 1 from rising, an opening is formed in front of the spindle head 9 so as to blow out air from above to below as shown in FIG. It is installed in a state facing downward. Further, the air blowing duct 18 has a width in the left-right direction slightly wider than that of the table 4, and can adjust the amount of air blown for each slit 21. Further, a closing cover 25 having an L-shaped cross section is installed between the opening of the air blowing duct 18 and the spindle head 9 in order to close the gap.

  A plurality of first covers 19, 19... Are attached in front of the air blowing duct 18 so as to be adjacent to the air blowing duct 18. Each first cover 19 is a plate-like body that is suspended from a cover frame 23 attached to a support column 22 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction of the machine tool 1. Each first cover 19 can be accommodated in the cover accommodating portion 24 by sliding to the right end. When it is desired to shield the front side of the processing area, the respective first covers 19 accommodated in the cover accommodating portion 24 are sequentially slid leftward so that the left and right ends slightly overlap each other. (A state in which they are continuously arranged in the left-right direction) The first cover 19 is formed of a highly transparent synthetic resin so that the workpiece or the like can be easily monitored from the front side of the machine tool 1.

  Next, the third cover 26 will be described. In FIG. 1, the third cover is not shown. A plurality of (three in FIG. 2) third covers 26, 26,... Are slidably attached to the right side of the machining area in order to shield the right side of the machining area. Each third cover 26 is a plate-like body configured substantially in the same manner as the first cover 19. Then, the right side of the processing area is shielded by sliding the third covers 26, 26,.

Here, the usage method of the above dust collectors 2 installed in the machine tool 1 is demonstrated.
Initially, the first cover 19 is stored in the cover storage portion 24 (open position), and the second cover 17 is rolled up (open position). Further, the third cover 26 side is also opened. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that a casting (work) is cut in the machine tool 1, and a tool (not shown) for cutting is attached to the spindle head.

First, a casting (not shown) that is a workpiece to be processed is placed on the table 4, and the table 4 is slid rearward to set the casting at a processing position. Thereafter, the first cover 19 is slid leftward to shield the front of the processing area in a state (blocking position) continuously arranged in the left-right direction. If necessary, the second cover 17 is suspended (shielded position) to shield the rear of the machining area, and the third cover 26 is slid to shield the right side of the machining area. When the processing area is shielded by each cover, air is blown out from the air blowing duct 18 and air is sucked in from the suction duct 12. Since the processing region is shielded by the first to third covers, air flows as shown in FIG. At this time, since the left side of the processing region is not shielded, the amount of air blown out is adjusted so that air is blown out more strongly from the left slit 21 of the air blowing duct 18.
At this time, the first cover 19 is intended to prevent dust from being scattered, and the lower end of the first cover 19 has a height that does not interfere with the work installed on the table 4. Since air is used together, there is no problem even if a gap is generated between the lower end of the first cover 19 and the table 4. The same applies to the second cover 17, but since the second cover 17 is made of an elastically deformable resin, it may be suspended to a height at which the lower end interferes with the workpiece.

In this state, the casting is cut. The dust generated by the cutting process is sucked from the suction duct 12 along the flow of the blown air while the machining area is shielded by the first to third covers. It is collected without splashing outside. When the machining operation is completed, the first cover 19 is slid rightward, and then the table 4 is slid forward to replace the casting. When the casting is replaced, it is not necessary to move the second cover 17 and the third cover 26 to the retracted position (position for opening the processing area).
In the above manner, the dust collector 2 is used to collect dust and the like.

  According to the dust collector 2 configured as described above, the processing area is shielded by the first cover 19, the second cover 17, and the third cover 26, so that dust or the like moves out of the processing area. Difficult to scatter. Moreover, dust can be efficiently recovered by the air blown out from the air blowing duct 18. Moreover, since the flow of the blown-out air is regulated by the first to third covers (particularly, the first cover) and the air is guided to the suction duct 12, the dust collecting effect can be greatly enhanced. . In addition, since the air blowing amount can be adjusted for each slit 21, the dust collection effect can be further enhanced by setting the blowing amount on the open side of the processing region more strongly.

  Further, since the suction duct 12 is attached together with the cross rail 8 so as to be movable up and down, it is possible to always suck in the vicinity of the processing position, and an extremely high dust collecting effect can be exhibited. Furthermore, since the suction port 16 of the suction duct 12 is formed in a taper surface that is rearwardly lowered, the air blown from the air blowing duct 18 can be sucked efficiently. In addition, since the second cover 17 is attached to the lower surface of the suction duct 12, the second cover 17 can always exhibit a dustproof function at an effective position.

  Moreover, since the 1st-3rd cover is attached movably to the position which shields a process area | region, and the position to open | release, it does not interfere with the process of a workpiece | work, exchange work, etc. Furthermore, since one side of the machining area is opened, the operator's work (such as monitoring of the machining status) is not hindered and is very convenient. In addition, since the closing cover 25 is installed between the front of the spindle head 9 and the air blowing duct 18, the dustproof function can be more remarkably exhibited.

Further, the dust collecting device 2 includes a rear side device 10 (including the second cover 17) independent of the machine tool 1, a front side device 11 (including the first cover 19), and a third cover 26. Since it is comprised, it can be retrofitted to the machine tool 1 installed conventionally, and versatility is very high. Furthermore, since the first cover 19 is made of a highly transparent synthetic resin, the work status and the like can be monitored through the first cover 19. In addition, since it can be monitored by light from outside the processing area, it is not necessary to install illumination or the like in the processing area, and a simpler configuration can be achieved.
In addition, the first to third covers and the air are used to prevent dust from being scattered, so the size of the first to third covers is compared to the one that covers the moving range of the table with just the cover. Easy to handle. Further, since it is installed in the vicinity of the spindle head 9 with a simple structure, it can be constructed at a relatively low cost.

In addition, the dust collector of this invention is not limited to the aspect of the said embodiment at all, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, the third cover does not necessarily have to be attached. Instead of attaching the third cover, there is no problem if the air blowing amount is set to be stronger at the left and right ends of the table. You may make it make the column of the 3rd cover side play the role. Further, the shape of the suction port of the suction duct need not be a tapered surface, and can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, there is no problem even if the width and size of the suction duct and the air blowing duct in the left-right direction are appropriately changed depending on the installation space and the shape of the machine tool.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the 1st-3rd cover is altogether made from the synthetic resin plate-shaped body, it is not limited to it but can be selected suitably. For example, in a machine tool that processes a workpiece that may generate hard chips or the like, the first to third covers may be made of a higher-strength metal plate, a hard synthetic resin plate, or the like. Furthermore, in order to avoid damage due to contact between each cover and the workpiece, there is no problem even if each cover is made of an elastic material such as softer rubber, and it is naturally possible to form it in a foldable curtain. is there. In addition, all of the first to third covers may be formed of a transparent synthetic resin to make it easier to monitor the processing operation, and all costs are reduced as a product made of an inexpensive synthetic resin. Also good. Moreover, when using cutting fluid in a machine tool, it is also conceivable to form each cover with a material that takes into account chemical resistance and the like.

Further, although the first cover and the third cover are slidable, there is no problem even if the second cover is slidable. Furthermore, the processing area is shielded by sliding a plurality of the first cover and the third cover, respectively, but the processing area is shielded by a single cover (desirably having a curtain shape). It can also be set as such. In addition, the second cover may be attached to the inner surface of the column instead of the lower surface of the suction duct. It should be noted that the third cover may be attached to the left instead of the right, and it is naturally possible to attach the third cover to both sides.
Furthermore, if the cover frame provided with the first cover is forward in the vicinity of the spindle head, there is no problem even if it is fixed to the spindle head, cross rail, column, top beam or the like instead of the column.

Furthermore, although the amount of blown air can be adjusted for each slit, the amount of blown air can be adjusted by changing the size and shape of the opening of the slit. In addition, it is good also as a structure which does not install the obstruction | occlusion cover.
Furthermore, it may be configured such that the driving of each curtain and the adjustment of the blowout amount are all automatically performed by the machining program, or the driving of each curtain may be performed manually.
In the above embodiment, the machine tool to be installed is a portal machining center. However, it is naturally possible to install the machine tool on another machine tool such as a parallel machine tool. Of course, the workpiece is not limited to castings.

It is the whole explanatory view which looked at the machine tool in which the dust collector was installed from the left side. It is the partial explanatory view which looked at the processing field of the machine tool from the upper part. It is an expansion explanatory view showing a processing field of a machine tool. It is explanatory drawing which showed the machine tool in which the conventional dust collector was installed.

Explanation of symbols

  1 .... Machine tool, 2 .... Dust collector, 3 .... Bed, 4 .... Table, 5 .... Gate frame, 6 .... Column, 7 .... Top beam, 8 .... Cross rail, 9 .... Spindle Head, 10 ·· Rear device, 11 ·· Front device, 12 ·· Suction duct, 13 ·· Hose for duct, 14 ·· Dust collector duct, 15 ·· Dust collector, 16 ·· Suction port, 17 ·· 2nd cover, 18 ... Air blowing duct, 19 ... First cover, 20 ... Air blower, 21 ... Slit, 22 ... Strut, 23 ... Cover frame, 24 ... Cover storage part, 25 ..Cover cover, 26..Third cover.

Claims (2)

A dust collector for a machine tool installed in a machine tool that performs machining by attaching a tool to a spindle head installed in a machining area,
An air supply means and an intake means;
Provided in front of the spindle head is an air blowing duct having a plurality of air outlets through which air supplied from the air supply means can be blown out. While attaching the first cover that shields in the left-right direction,
While installing a suction duct connected to the intake means behind the spindle head ,
A second cover for shielding the rear side of the processing region is attached in the left-right direction in the vicinity of the spindle head and behind the suction port of the suction duct.
Furthermore, a third cover that shields one side of the processing area is attached,
The amount of air blown out from the air outlet on the side where the third cover is not attached is larger than the amount of air blown out from the air outlet on the side where the third cover is attached , Machine tool dust collector. 2. The dust collecting apparatus for a machine tool according to claim 1 , wherein the first cover is movably attached to a shielding position for shielding the machining area and an open position for opening the machining area.

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