JP4461596B2 - Specific gravity sorter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention crushes used household electrical appliances that have become waste and collects nonferrous metals and plastics by recycling specific gravity from plastics containing nonferrous metals (copper wires) after collecting iron with a magnetic separator. The present invention relates to a specific gravity sorting device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, when recycling waste home appliances, motors, compressors, power cords, and lead wires are disassembled in advance and removed, and then used home appliances are primarily crushed. It is common to collect most non-ferrous non-ferrous metals with a non-ferrous sorter after separating most lightweight plastics with a wind sorter, and landfill or incinerate plastics other than iron and non-ferrous metals Met.
[0003]
  On the other hand, in some home appliance recycling research, a float / sink type specific gravity sorter that crushes used home appliances and collects the specific gravity of plastics after recovering iron and non-ferrous metals and recycles the plastic (oil) is proposed. Has been. Hereinafter, the float / sink type specific gravity sorting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
[0004]
  As shown in FIG. 10, the float / sink type specific gravity sorter 1 includes a first tank 2 for collecting vinyl chloride for separating and collecting crushed plastics of used home appliances, and a second tank for collecting styrene-based resins. A tank 3, a third tank 5 that takes in water to circulate water to the first tank 2 via the circulation pump 4, a raw material supply conveyor 6 that supplies the raw material, and a recovery conveyor 7 that recovers the olefin resin. It consists of.
[0005]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. When the olefin resin a, the styrene resin b, and the vinyl chloride resin c are supplied to the float / sink type specific gravity sorter 1 via the raw material supply conveyor 6, the olefin resin a and styrene resin b are supplied. Of the vinyl chloride resin c, the vinyl chloride resin c having a considerably higher specific gravity of about 1.4 than the specific gravity of water settles in the first tank 2 without being affected by the flow of circulating water. The styrene resin b having a specific gravity of 1.05 and slightly larger than the specific gravity of water 1.0 gradually settles at the bottom of the second tank 3 while being influenced by the flow of the circulating water.
[0006]
  On the other hand, the olefin resin a floating in water with a specific gravity of about 0.91 and a specific gravity of water smaller than 1.0 is gradually moved to the downstream side by the flow of circulating water, and is recovered by the recovery conveyor 7 that recovers the olefin resin. To be recovered.
[0007]
  The recovered olefin resin a and the styrene resin b manually recovered from the bottom of the second tank 3 after the sorting operation were liquefied and recycled (chemical recycling) with an oil generator (not shown). . Similarly, the vinyl chloride resin c was landfilled after being manually recovered from the first tank 2.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, when recycling conventional household electrical appliances, remove motors, compressors, power cords, lead wires, etc. that contain a large amount of non-ferrous materials such as copper and aluminum in household appliances before crushing, and then disassemble them. Therefore, there is a problem that a large work space is required and work efficiency is deteriorated.
[0009]
  Further, in the float / sink type specific gravity sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 10, the vinyl chloride resin c and the styrene resin b that sink to the bottoms of the first tank 1 and the second tank 2 must be manually collected after the work is completed. was there.
[0010]
  As a result, there has been a problem that the recycling cost is increased by pre-disassembly and that it is very inefficient to sort specific gravity plastics of used home appliances which will be generated in a considerable amount in the future.
[0011]
  Furthermore, in the float / sink type specific gravity sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 10, since the resin has water repellency, there is a problem that a part of the styrene resin b that should be submerged floats in water and is collected and mixed into the olefin resin a.
[0012]
  As a result, the olefin resin a and the styrene resin b, which have been subjected to specific gravity selection, are mixed again to make an oil. The olefin resin a is the most general-purpose plastic in home appliances, and is used in the largest amount. Despite the track record of using recycled materials for case materials (polypropylene resin), there was a problem that material recycling, which is essentially the most effective use of resources, was not possible.
[0013]
  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, without disassembling and taking out parts that use copper wire in advance, from the remaining crushed material obtained by crushing whole household electrical appliances and collecting iron, such as copper wire The purpose is to efficiently recover non-ferrous metals and plastics that are submerged in sorted water and to streamline recycling costs.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention forms the bottom of a water specific gravity sorting tank having a first tank and a second tank from the raw material supply means side into a substantially inverted conical first bottom and a second bottom, Place a screw conveyor on the first bottomContains non-ferrous metalsSpecific gravityThingsThe separation means is provided to separate the sorted water and the medium specific gravity from the second bottom and communicated with the communication pipe for discharging the sorted water and the medium specific gravity sedimented in the sorted water from the second bottom. A lightweight collection means is provided at the end of the tank of 2 to collect the light weight floating in the sorted water, and at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom is circulated upstream of the raw material supply means by the sorted water circulation means,An air cylinder is provided in which the tip portion enters and exits the concave portion of the first bottom portion of the substantially inverted conical shape of the water specific gravity sorting tank.Is.
[0015]
  This makes it possible to efficiently remove non-ferrous metals such as copper wires and plastics that are submerged in sorted water from the remaining crushed material that has been obtained by crushing whole household electrical appliances and collecting iron without dismantling and taking out parts that use copper wires in advance. It can be collected well and the recycling cost can be rationalized.
[0016]
  Moreover, the copper wire is entangled with the inlet portion of the concave portion of the first bottom portion, which is the supply portion to the screw conveyor, and the lid made of copper wires can be pushed and removed by the air cylinder to remove the concave portion. Clogging due to copper wires can be prevented, and copper wires can be recovered with a screw conveyor.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raw material supply means for supplying a raw material to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first bottom portion and a second bottom portion having a substantially inverted conical shape from the raw material supply means side. A water specific gravity sorting tank having one tank and a second tank, and a first bottom portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank.Contains non-ferrous metalsSpecific gravityThingsA screw conveyor to be recovered; separation means for separating the selected water from the medium specific gravity, which is provided in communication with a communication pipe for discharging the specific gravity such as resin settled in the selected water and the selected water from the second bottom; and the water specific gravity A light weight collecting means for collecting a light weight material that is provided at the end of the second tank of the sorting tank and floats on the sorting water, and a sorting water circulating means for circulating at least the sorting water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means. And withAn air cylinder is provided in which the tip portion enters and exits the concave portion of the first bottom portion of the substantially inverted conical shape of the water specific gravity sorting tank.It includes non-ferrous metals such as copper wires after the primary crushing of the whole without first disassembling and removing motors, compressors, power cords, and lead wires from used home appliances, and after collecting iron with a magnetic separator. After removing ultra-lightweight materials such as styrene resin and condenser film from the plastic group with a wind sorter, the plastic group is supplied from the raw material supply means and floats on the non-ferrous metal such as copper wire and the resin group that sinks in the sorted water and the sorted water The specific gravity of three types of olefin resin (polypropylene resin) is selected, and non-ferrous metals such as copper wire are collected through a screw conveyor from the first bottom of the roughly inverted cone provided directly under the raw material supply means, and sink into the selected water. Styrenic resin with a specific gravity of about 1.05 and a specific gravity of water of about 1.0 is forcibly discharged together with the selected water by using the selected water discharge force from the second bottom of the substantially inverted cone shape. The system resin or the like is separated and recovered, screened water circulates in the water gravity separation vessel. Further, the olefin resin floating in the sorted water overflows together with the sorted water from the most downstream portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank, and after separating and recovering the olefin resin, the sorted water is circulated to the water specific gravity sorting tank. This makes it possible to efficiently collect copper wires without disassembling and taking out parts that use copper wire in advance, and to efficiently collect styrene-based resin that sinks in the sorting water on the sorting water flow. It is possible to efficiently process a large amount of used home appliances in a space-saving manner, and further rationalize the recycling cost.
[0018]
  Moreover, the copper wire is entangled with the inlet portion of the concave portion of the first bottom portion, which is the supply portion to the screw conveyor, and the lid made of copper wires can be pushed and removed by the air cylinder to remove the concave portion. Clogging due to copper wires can be prevented, and copper wires can be recovered with a screw conveyor.
[0019]
  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raw material supply means for supplying a raw material to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first tank in which bottom portions are formed in a substantially inverted conical first bottom portion and a second bottom portion from the raw material supply means side. And a water specific gravity sorting tank having a second tank, a screw conveyor disposed at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank for collecting heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous materials, and from the second bottom to the sorted water and the sorted water. Separation means provided to communicate with a communication pipe for discharging medium specific gravity material such as sinking resin, and separating water separating medium specific gravity material, and a light weight provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity selection tank to float on the selection water A light-weight material collecting means for collecting material, and a sorting water circulation means for circulating at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means, and for introducing the sorted water to the terminal portion of the water-specific gravity sorting tank A recess is provided, and a lightweight material such as floating resin is placed in the recess for introducing the sorted water. A screw-type push-in device with a guide wall that is discharged together with separate water is arranged, and after the primary crushing of the whole without first disassembling and removing motors, compressors, power cords and lead wires from used home appliances, a magnetic separator After removing iron from the plastic group containing non-ferrous metals such as copper wire after removing iron from the plastic group with a wind sorter, supply from the raw material supply means, such as copper wire, The non-ferrous resin and the resin group that sinks in the sorted water and the olefin resin (polypropylene resin) that floats in the sorted water are selected for specific gravity. A styrene resin or the like that is collected from the bottom through a screw conveyor and sinks into the selected water and has a specific gravity of about 1.05 and a specific gravity of water of about 1.0. Using the selected water discharge force from Part forcibly discharged together with the sorting water, a styrene resin or the like is separated and recovered, screened water circulates in the water gravity separation vessel. Further, the olefin resin floating in the sorted water overflows together with the sorted water from the most downstream portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank, and after separating and recovering the olefin resin, the sorted water is circulated to the water specific gravity sorting tank. This makes it possible to efficiently collect copper wires without disassembling and taking out parts that use copper wire in advance, and to efficiently collect styrene-based resin that sinks in the sorting water on the sorting water flow. It is possible to efficiently process a large amount of used home appliances in a space-saving manner, and further rationalize the recycling cost.
[0020]
  In addition, the amount of polypropylene resin (olefin resin) floating on the water surface of the selected water is pushed in so that it can be held by the screw of the screw-type pushing device, so that the mixing ratio of the polypropylene resin and the selected water is almost constant from the water specific gravity sorting tank. it can. As a result, without the mixing tank for adjusting the mixing ratio of the polypropylene resin and the sorted water, it can be arranged directly connected to at least the hydrocyclone or centrifugal specific gravity sorter in the next process via a pump or an underwater crusher. Since contamination of the resin with foreign substances is greatly reduced, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the quality that can be recycled.
[0021]
  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the lower part of the recessed portion for introducing sorted water at the terminal portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank and the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank are communicated with each other. In order to set the accuracy of polypropylene resin sorting to a level where material recycling is sufficiently possible, when the pump is placed directly connected to at least a hydrocyclone or centrifugal specific gravity sorter in the next process via a pump or underwater crusher Even if the capacity is large, there is almost no change in the water surface in the recessed portion for introducing sorted water at the end of the water specific gravity sorting tank, so that fluctuations in the mixing ratio of polypropylene resin and sorted water can be prevented.
[0022]
  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a raw material supply means for supplying a raw material to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first tank in which bottom portions are formed in a substantially inverted conical first bottom portion and a second bottom portion from the raw material supply means side. And a water specific gravity sorting tank having a second tank, a screw conveyor disposed at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank for collecting heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous materials, and from the second bottom to the sorted water and the sorted water. Separation means provided to communicate with a communication pipe for discharging medium specific gravity material such as sinking resin, and separating water separating medium specific gravity material, and a light weight provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity selection tank to float on the selection water A lightweight material collecting means for collecting the material, a sorted water circulating means for circulating at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom portion upstream of the raw material supply means, and a rotary conveyor provided in the first tank. 1 hydrophilic treatment means and water supply provided in the second tank A second hydrophilic treatment means comprising a slur and a guide, wherein the first hydrophilic treatment means and the second hydrophilic treatment means feed the raw material into the sorted water to precipitate the styrene resin, The accuracy of sorting resin and polypropylene resin is improved. After the primary crushing of the whole motor, compressor, power cord, and lead wire from the used home appliances in advance, the magnetic separator uses iron. After removing the ultra-lightweight materials such as foamed polystyrene resin and condenser film from the plastic group using a wind power sorter, the non-ferrous materials such as copper wire are supplied from the raw material supply means. The specific gravity of the resin group that sinks in the sorted water and the olefin resin (polypropylene resin) that floats in the sorted water is selected. The styrenic resin or the like that is recovered from the provided substantially inverted-conical first bottom through a screw conveyor and sinks into the sorted water and has a specific gravity of about 1.05 and a specific gravity of 1.0 near the water has a substantially inverted-conical second shape. Using the drainage power of the sorted water from the bottom, it is forcibly discharged together with the sorted water, separating and recovering the styrene resin, etc., and circulating the sorted water to the water specific gravity sorting tank. Further, the olefin resin floating in the sorted water overflows together with the sorted water from the most downstream portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank, and after separating and recovering the olefin resin, the sorted water is circulated to the water specific gravity sorting tank. This makes it possible to efficiently collect copper wires without disassembling and taking out parts that use copper wire in advance, and to efficiently collect styrene-based resin that sinks in the sorting water on the sorting water flow. It is possible to efficiently process a large amount of used home appliances in a space-saving manner, and further rationalize the recycling cost.
[0023]
  In addition, since the copper wires and plastics that should be submerged from the specific gravity have water repellency, the first hydrophilic treatment means and the second hydrophilic treatment means when the float floats on the surface of the selected water. Can improve water wettability and settle in a water specific gravity sorting tank to prevent foreign matter from being mixed into polypropylene resin that floats on water..
[0024]
  Claim5The invention described in claim 1Any one of 1-4In the invention described in the above, the screw conveyor is configured to intermittently reversely rotate during normal rotation, and the copper wire is entangled with the screw constituting the screw conveyor, and is caught between the cylinders that store the screw. In this case, the screw conveyor can be loosened by intermittently rotating in the reverse direction, and locking of the screw conveyor can be prevented.
[0025]
  Claim6The invention described in claim 1Any one of 1-5In the invention described in the above, the screw conveyor has at least a screw tip portion made of an elastic body, and copper wires are entangled with the screw constituting the screw conveyor to form a lump and store the screw. Even if it is sandwiched between them, at least the tip of the force-applied screw bends, so that the screw conveyor can be prevented from being locked.
[0026]
  Claim7The invention described in claim 1Any one of 1-6In the invention described in the above, the mixing water is supplied to the tip of the raw material supply means, and the mixing portion for mixing the raw material and the selection water is provided. The water-repellent plastics are mixed with the selection water in the mixing portion. As well as improving water wettability, the plastics are pushed into the selected water of the water specific gravity sorting tank, so that the sorting accuracy of polypropylene resin (olefin resin) and styrene resin can be improved.
[0027]
  Claim8The invention described in claim 1Any one of 1-7In the invention described in the above, a partition height adjusting plate that is slidable in the vertical direction is provided at a portion that is divided into the first bottom portion and the second bottom portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank, Accordingly, by adjusting the height by sliding the partition height adjustment plate up and down, it is possible to improve the selection accuracy of the heavy and medium specific gravity objects.
[0028]
【Example】
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0029]
  Example 1
  As shown in FIG. 1, the raw material supply pipe 8 is for conveying the crushed material (raw material) crushed by a secondary crusher (not shown) by air, and this raw material supply pipe 8 is connected to a wind power sorter 9. In the wind sorter 9, the crushed material (raw material) is separated into ultralight materials such as polystyrene foam, condenser film, and dust and plastics containing non-ferrous metals, and the cyclone 10 a is connected to the upper portion of the wind sorter 9. The dust collector 11 collects the dust as non-ferrous plastic and supplies the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 with a plastic containing non-ferrous material from a raw material supply port 12 provided at the lower part of the wind power sorter 9. Here, the raw material supply pipe 8 and the wind power sorter 9 constitute a raw material supply means.
[0030]
  The water specific gravity sorting tank 13 is divided into two bottoms and formed into a substantially inverted conical first bottom part 14a and a second bottom part 16a, and a first tank 14 having a first bottom part 14a on the upstream side (raw material supply means side). The screw conveyor 15 which collect | recovers heavy specific gravity (non-ferrous metals, such as a copper wire and an aluminum piece) is arrange | positioned along the side wall from the bottom part.
[0031]
  In the second tank 16 having the second bottom portion 16a on the downstream side, the sorted water and the medium specific gravity are discharged from the second bottom portion 16a through a communication pipe 17 for discharging medium specific gravity such as resin that sinks in the sorted water and the sorted water. It is connected to a solid-liquid separator 18a (separating means) that separates things. A discharge port 19 provided at the end portion of the second tank 16 is connected to a solid-liquid separator (light weight collection means) 18b. The circulation pump 20 constitutes a sorted water circulation means, and is connected from the solid-liquid separator 18 a and the solid-liquid separator 18 b to a sorted water supply port 21 arranged at the foremost part of the first tank 14.
[0032]
  The solid-liquid separator 18b includes a substantially disk-shaped separation plate 23 that is rotated by a motor 22, a blower 24 that air-transports polypropylene resin, a water receiving plate 25 that receives separated separated water, and a discharge pipe 26. As a recovery system for the separated plastics, the cyclone 10b and the dust collector 11 are configured to separate and recover the polypropylene resin that is air-conveyed by the blower 24 from the dust. The configuration of the solid-liquid separator 18a and the configuration of the recovery system are the same as those of the solid-liquid separator 18b.
[0033]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. The remaining non-ferrous iron in which used household electrical appliances with parts using copper wires such as motors are put into a primary crusher (not shown) and iron is collected by a magnetic separator (not shown) What is re-crushed into a size of about 10 mm to 15 mm by a secondary crusher (not shown) is supplied to the wind power sorter 9 through the raw material supply pipe 8.
[0034]
  In the wind power sorter 9, ultra-lightweight materials such as polystyrene, condenser film, dust and plastics (including non-ferrous metals) that cannot be separated in advance by the float / sink type water specific gravity sorter and are mixed as foreign matter on the water float side (polypropylene resin) ) And is collected as dust with the cyclone 10a and the dust collector 11.
[0035]
  On the other hand, plastics containing non-ferrous metal are supplied to the upstream side of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 through the raw material supply port 12. At this time, the sorted water in the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 is circulated through the communication pipe 17, the solid-liquid separator 18 a, the discharge port 19, the solid-liquid separator 18 b, the circulation pump 20, and the sorted water supply port 21. .
[0036]
  Therefore, the non-ferrous plastics supplied to the water specific gravity sorter 13 immediately sink a heavy specific gravity such as copper wire or aluminum having a high specific gravity and are collected from the bottom of the first tank 14 via the screw conveyor 15. The In addition, since the styrene resin having a specific gravity of about 1.05 has a small specific gravity difference from the specific gravity of water 1.0, it sinks gradually into the water while flowing in the flow of the selected water, and collects at the bottom of the second tank 16, The styrene resin is also sucked from the outer periphery of the communication pipe 17 by the suction force of the communication pipe 17 and supplied to the solid-liquid separator 18a together with the selected water, and the styrene resin is recovered (the solid-liquid separator 18a and the recovery system are This will be explained in the separation and recovery of polypropylene resin).
[0037]
  On the other hand, the polypropylene resin (olefin resin) floating in the water is supplied to the solid-liquid separator 18b through the discharge port 19 at the end of the second tank 16 together with the sorted water, and is separated by the motor 22 and separated by the separation plate 23. The polypropylene resin is blown up by the blower 24, separated from the dust by the cyclone 10b, the polypropylene resin is collected from the arrow b1 portion, and the dust is collected by the dust collector 11.
[0038]
  As a result, the entire household electrical appliance is crushed and separated into materials continuously without taking out the parts that use copper wire in advance, so the recycling process is efficient and the processing line can be saved in space. it can.
[0039]
  (Example 2)
  As shown in FIG. 2, the screw conveyor 15 rotatably arranges a screw 26 in a cylindrical body 25, rotates the screw 26 with a motor 28 via a shaft 27, and discharges heavy specific gravity from a discharge port 29. It is configured to do. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotation algorithm of the screw conveyor 15 is rotation control in which a reverse rotation of 5 seconds is intermittently provided once for 60 seconds of normal rotation for scraping the copper wire. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0040]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. The copper wire is scraped from the bottom of the first tank 14 by the screw conveyor 15 when the motor 28 is rotated forward and discharged from the discharge port 29. At this time, the screw 26 is intermittently reversely rotated, so that a lump of copper wire is sandwiched between the cylinder 25 and the tip of the screw 26, and the tip of the cylinder 25 and the screw 26 before further growth. Is released from.
[0041]
  As a result, the screw conveyor 15 having a small rotational torque can be recovered without locking a recovered material that is easily entangled like a copper wire.
[0042]
  (Example 3)
  The screw 26 shown in FIG. 2 is configured by fixing a brush-like elastic body on a shaft 27 in a spiral shape. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0043]
  To explain the operation in the above configuration, when a lump of copper wire is sandwiched between the tip of the cylindrical body 25 and the elastic screw 26, the tip of the screw 26 bends with a load to lock the screw 26, The lump of copper wire is released and gradually scraped up again.
[0044]
  As a result, it is also possible to transport an easily entangled material such as a copper wire without locking the screw conveyor 15.
[0045]
  Example 4
  As shown in FIG. 4, the mixing unit 30 mixes the raw material and the sorted water. The mixing unit 30 is provided at the lower end of the raw material supply port 12 at the lower part of the wind power sorter 9, and the circulation pump 20 is connected to the mixing unit 30. The discharge port 31 is formed at the tip of the mixing unit 30 and is supplied to the water specific gravity sorting tank 13. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0046]
  In the above configuration, the operation will be described. A used household electrical appliance with a part using a copper wire such as a motor is put into a primary crusher (not shown), and a magnetic separator (not shown). Then, the plastic containing the remaining non-ferrous from which the iron is recovered in step 2 is re-crushed to a size of about 10 mm to 15 mm by a secondary crusher (not shown) and supplied to the wind power sorter 9 through the raw material supply pipe 8.
[0047]
  In the wind power sorter 9, it is not possible to separate in advance by the specific gravity sorter for floating and sinking water, but it is made of plastics including non-ferrous materials such as polystyrene foam, condenser film, and dust that are mixed as foreign matter on the water floating side (polypropylene resin) It separates and collect | recovers as dust with the cyclone 10a and the dust collector 11. FIG.
[0048]
  On the other hand, the plastics containing non-ferrous metal are mixed with the sorting water supplied via the circulation pump 20 in the mixing unit 30 at the lower end via the raw material supply port 12 and the first in the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 from the discharge port 31. The inner wall of the frontmost part of the tank 14 is supplied into the tank as a guide. Other basic operations are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.
[0049]
  As a result, plastics and sorted water are swallowed in the mixing unit 30 and in the vicinity of the inner wall of the foremost part of the first tank 14, so that the wettability of the plastics can be improved. It is possible to reduce the floating due to the good water repellency and to prevent foreign matters from being mixed into the polypropylene resin, and to improve the purity (foreign matter mixing) of the polypropylene resin of the first embodiment.
[0050]
  (Example 5)
  As shown in FIG. 5, the partition height adjusting plate 32 is slidable in the vertical direction, and the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 is placed on the first bottom 14 a of the first tank 14 and the second bottom 16 a of the second tank 16. It is provided at the boundary to be divided. Other configurations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
[0051]
  To explain the operation in the above configuration, when the plastics and the sorted water are supplied from the discharge port 31 to the foremost part of the first tank 14 of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13, the heavy specific gravity of the copper wires starts to sink immediately, Most of it sinks to the bottom of the first tank 14 and is collected via the screw conveyor 15.
[0052]
  On the other hand, medium specific gravity such as styrene resin gradually settles while flowing in the flow of circulating sorting water. Therefore, the communication pipe 17, the solid-liquid separator 18a, and the cyclone (not shown) are formed from the bottom of the second tank 16. ). At this time, the partitioning is performed so that the separation state is most preferable from the degree of mixing of the styrene resin into the heavy specific gravity of the copper wire and the degree of mixing of the heavy specific gravity of the copper wire into the medium specific gravity such as styrene resin. The height of the height adjusting plate 32 can be adjusted. The other basic operations are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments.
[0053]
  As a result, even if the degree of mixing of styrene-based resins that are difficult to recycle as recycled materials into the first tank 14 is increased, the recovery rate of non-ferrous metals with high value can be increased. it can. In non-ferrous refining, there is no problem with mixing of styrene resin. Moreover, it can be used as a blast furnace reducing material by minimizing the mixing of non-ferrous into the styrene resin side.
[0054]
  (Example 6)
  As shown in FIG. 6, the rotary conveyor 33 constitutes a first hydrophilic treatment means for raw materials. In the first tank 14, the rotary conveyor 33 is provided between the discharge port 31 and the screw conveyor 15, and is a second tank. 16, a water supply nozzle 34a and a guide 35a (second hydrophilic processing means), and a water supply nozzle 34b and a guide 35b (third hydrophilic processing means) are arranged. Other configurations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.
[0055]
  To explain the operation in the above configuration, plastics including copper wires finely crushed to about 10 mm to 15 mm by a secondary crusher (not shown) from the discharge port 31 are supplied to the foremost part of the first tank 14. The At this time, the signal wire (thin copper wire) used especially for the used home appliances is thin, finely crushed and has a small mass per se, and floats on the sorted water surface due to water repellency and surface tension.
[0056]
  The floated signal line is fed into the sorted water by a rotary conveyor 33 driven by a motor (not shown), and the surface of the signal line gradually adjusts to the sorted water, sinks to the bottom of the first tank 14, and the motor, etc. And a thick copper wire, an aluminum piece, etc. are collected through the screw conveyor 15.
[0057]
  In the rotary conveyor 33, the styrene resin is also adapted to the selected water and sinks to the bottom of the second tank 16 while being circulated in the flow of the circulating water, but some of the styrene resins that are not fully adjusted to the selected water are It floats on the surface of the sorted water together with the polypropylene resin.
[0058]
  Here, the water wettability of the styrenic resin with the first water curtain that crosses the water surface of the second tank 16 with the water supply nozzle 34a and the guide 35a and the second water curtain made with the water supply nozzle 34b and the guide 35b. Can settle and settle to the bottom of the second tank 16. Other basic operations are the same as those in the first to fifth embodiments.
[0059]
  That is, the specific gravity of water is larger than 1.0, and water repellency that originally inhibits sedimentation of the styrene resin that sinks in the second tank 16 can be suppressed, and a polypropylene resin (olefin resin) with little foreign matter mixed in is selected. It is supplied to the solid-liquid separator 18b through the outlet 19 at the end of the second tank 16 together with water and recovered.
[0060]
  As a result, the amount of the signal line (thin copper wire) or styrene resin mixed as a foreign substance into the polypropylene resin for the purpose of material recycling as a recycled material can be greatly reduced. Moreover, the nonferrous recovery rate of copper wires can be improved, and the amount of copper wire mixed into the styrene resin can be reduced.
[0061]
  In this embodiment, the rotary conveyor 33 is used as the first hydrophilic treatment means. Instead of the rotary conveyor 33, a baffle plate having a lower end inclined toward the downstream side is provided, and a fixed amount of baffle plate is placed in front of the baffle plate. It is also possible to make it accumulate so that the material that has passed through can flow, and the same effect can be obtained.
[0062]
  (Example 7)
  As shown in FIG. 7, the piston-type air cylinder 36 is arranged so that the tip 36 a enters and exits the inlet portion of the recess 14 b provided in the first bottom portion 14 a of the first tank 14 of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13. It is arranged. Other configurations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.
[0063]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. Plastics including copper wires supplied from the discharge port 31 to the frontmost portion of the first tank 14 are supplied together with the sorted water. At this time, thick copper wires and aluminum pieces such as motors immediately sink to the first bottom portion 14a of the first tank 14, and thin copper wires such as signal lines are similarly transferred to the first tank 14 via the rotary conveyor 33. Sink to the bottom.
[0064]
  The sinking copper wires are entangled and form a lump of copper wire in a lid shape in the recess 14b provided in the first bottom portion 14a of the first tank 14. Here, the lump of the copper wire is recovered by the screw conveyor 15 by pushing the tip end portion 36a of the air cylinder 36 into the back of the recess 14b. The other basic operations are the same as those in the first to sixth embodiments.
[0065]
  As a result, it can be prevented that the copper wires are entangled and the lump of the copper wires is clogged by the concave portion 14b of the first bottom portion 14a of the first tank 14 and cannot be discharged.
[0066]
  (Example 8)
  As shown in FIG. 8, the recessed portion 37 for introducing sorted water is provided at the end portion of the second tank 16 of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13, and a push screw 39 that is driven through the motor 38 to the recessed portion 37 for introducing sorted water. The guide wall 40 is provided and connected to the hydrocyclone 42 of the separation device in the next process through the circulation pump 41.
[0067]
  The upper discharge port 42a of the hydrocyclone 42 communicates with the solid-liquid separator 43a, the lower discharge port 42b communicates with the solid-liquid separator 43b, and the drainage of the sorted water from the solid-liquid separator 43a and the solid-liquid separator 43b circulates. It communicates with piping to the mixing unit 30 via the pump 44. Other configurations are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
[0068]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. Of the plastics supplied from the discharge port 31, the plastics floating in the sorting water are once drawn into the sorting water by the rotary conveyor 33, and then floated again to the second tank 16. The floating plastics and the sorted water are supplied to the hydrocyclone 42 through the sorted water surface through the sorted water supply recess 37, the screw 39 driven by the motor 40, and the circulation pump 41.
[0069]
  A centrifugal force of about 10 G acts on the plastics supplied into the hydrocyclone 42, and the polypropylene resin is separated from the styrene resin mixed as a foreign substance due to slight water repellency or air bubble adhesion. The polypropylene resin has an outlet 42a. The separated polypropylene resin is recovered by being supplied to the solid-liquid separator 43a.
[0070]
  On the other hand, the styrene resin is supplied to the solid-liquid separator 43b through the discharge port 42b and collected. Further, the sorted water separated by the solid-liquid separator 43 a and the solid-liquid separator 43 b is supplied to the mixing unit 30 via the circulation pump 44. The other basic operations are the same as those in the first to seventh embodiments.
[0071]
  As a result, since a certain amount of plastic floating in the sorted water is fed by the screw 39, the plastic and the sorted water are generally supplied to the hydrocyclone 42 that improves the material recycling accuracy using polypropylene resin as a recycled material via the circulation pump 41. It can be supplied at a constant mixing ratio.
[0072]
  In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the effect more than equivalent can be acquired even with the centrifugal water specific gravity sorter which 1000G centrifugal force acts instead of the hydrocyclone 42.
[0073]
  Example 9
  As shown in FIG. 9, a sorting water introduction recess 37 is provided at the end of the second tank 16 of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13, and a bypass 45 communicates the lower part of the sorting water introduction recess 37 with the second tank 16. And an introduction plate 46 are provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.
[0074]
  The operation in the above configuration will be described. Plastics that have floated and flowed on the sorting water surface of the second tank 16 of the water specific gravity sorting tank 13 are sorted from above the sorting water supply recess 37 by the suction force of the circulation pump 41. Flow with water. Further, the sorted water in the second tank 16 is sucked into the sorted water supply recess 37 through the introduction plate 46 and the bypass 45. Other basic operations are the same as those in the first to eighth embodiments.
[0075]
  As a result, compared with the said Example 8, a drop can be made small in the water surface height of the 2nd tank 16 and the recessed part 37 for sorting water introduction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the styrene resin near the surface of the sorting water in the vicinity of the sorting water introduction recess 37 of the second tank 16 from being drawn into the sorting water introduction recess 37.
[0076]
  Further, the variation in the water level of the recessed portion 37 for introducing the selected water due to the variation in the circulating water amount can be reduced, and the variation in the mixing ratio of the plastics and the selected water can be suppressed, so that the selection accuracy can be kept constant.
[0077]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the raw material supply means for supplying the raw material to the water specific gravity sorting tank, the first bottom portion having a substantially inverted conical shape from the raw material supply means side, and the first bottom portion 2 A water specific gravity sorting tank having a first tank and a second tank formed at the bottom, and a water specific gravity sorting tank arranged at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank.Contains non-ferrous metalsSpecific gravityThingsA screw conveyor to be recovered; separation means for separating the selected water from the medium specific gravity, which is provided in communication with a communication pipe for discharging the specific gravity such as resin settled in the selected water and the selected water from the second bottom; and the water specific gravity A light weight collecting means for collecting a light weight material that is provided at the end of the second tank of the sorting tank and floats on the sorting water, and a sorting water circulating means for circulating at least the sorting water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means. And withAn air cylinder is provided in which the tip portion enters and exits the concave portion of the first bottom portion of the substantially inverted conical shape of the water specific gravity sorting tank.Therefore, without removing parts that use copper wire from used home appliances in advance, the plastics containing non-ferrous iron are sorted by specific gravity after crushing the whole and collecting iron with a magnetic separator, so a large amount of used home appliances Can be efficiently and continuously recovered, and copper wires can be efficiently recovered. In addition, space saving and recycling cost can be reduced. Furthermore, when separating a polypropylene resin having a specific gravity of about 0.91 floating in water, a specific gravity of 1.05, and a styrene resin that is very close to the specific gravity of water, the styrene resin is allowed to flow from the bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank. Since it is actively utilized and pulled, the amount of styrene resin mixed in the polypropylene resin can be reduced.
[0078]
  Moreover, the copper wire is entangled with the inlet portion of the concave portion of the first bottom portion, which is the supply portion to the screw conveyor, and the lid made of copper wires can be pushed and removed by the air cylinder to remove the concave portion. Clogging due to copper wires can be prevented, and copper wires can be recovered with a screw conveyor.
[0079]
  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the raw material supply means for supplying the raw material to the water specific gravity sorting tank, and the bottom portions from the raw material supply means side are formed in the first bottom portion and the second bottom portion having a substantially inverted cone shape. A water-specific gravity sorting tank having a first tank and a second tank, a screw conveyor disposed at the first bottom of the water-specific gravity sorting tank and collecting heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous metals, and a sorted water from the second bottom Separation means provided to communicate with a communication pipe for discharging medium specific gravity material such as resin sinking in the sorted water, and separation means for separating the sorted water and medium specific gravity material, and provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank A light weight collecting means for collecting light weight floating in water, and a sorting water circulating means for circulating at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means, and at the end of the water specific gravity sorting tank A recessed portion for introducing sorted water is provided, and floating resin is not contained in the recessed portion for introducing sorted water. A screw-type push-in device with a guide wall that discharges lightweight materials together with sorted water has been arranged, so that the parts using copper wire are removed from the used home appliances in advance, and the whole is crushed and the iron is collected with a magnetic separator. Since the plastics containing non-ferrous metals are sorted by specific gravity, recycling of a large amount of used home appliances can be performed continuously and copper wires can be recovered efficiently. In addition, space saving and recycling cost can be reduced. Furthermore, when separating a polypropylene resin having a specific gravity of about 0.91 floating in water, a specific gravity of 1.05, and a styrene resin that is very close to the specific gravity of water, the styrene resin is allowed to flow from the bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank. Since it is actively utilized and pulled, the amount of styrene resin mixed in the polypropylene resin can be reduced.
[0080]
  In addition, it is possible to discharge the polypropylene resin floating in the sorted water and the sorted water at a roughly constant mixing ratio. As a result, in order to make the polypropylene resin of used home appliances into a recyclable material that can be recycled, hydrocyclone Alternatively, centrifugal water specific gravity sorting can be performed at a certain mixing ratio of plastics and sorted water necessary for ensuring processing capability and sorting accuracy.
[0081]
  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the lower part of the sorting water introduction recess at the end of the water specific gravity sorting tank and the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank are communicated with each other. The water level drop between the two tanks can be reduced, and the fluctuation of the water level in the recessed portion for introducing the sorted water can be reduced. As a result, the purity of the polypropylene resin is improved because the styrene resin near the sorting water surface of the second tank close to the boundary between the second tank and the sorting water introduction recess is not caught in the sorting water introduction recess. To do. In addition, since the water level fluctuation of the recessed part for introducing the sorted water can be eliminated, the processing capacity and sorting accuracy have been increased to the hydrocyclone or centrifugal water specific gravity sorting to make the material-recyclable purity from the recycled polypropylene resin of used home appliances. It is possible to obtain a certain mixing ratio of plastics and sorted water necessary for securing.
[0082]
  According to the invention described in claim 4, the raw material supply means for supplying the raw material to the water specific gravity sorting tank, and the bottom portions from the raw material supply means side are formed in the first bottom portion and the second bottom portion having a substantially inverted cone shape. A water-specific gravity sorting tank having a first tank and a second tank, a screw conveyor disposed at the first bottom of the water-specific gravity sorting tank and collecting heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous metals, and a sorted water from the second bottom Separation means provided to communicate with a communication pipe for discharging medium specific gravity material such as resin sinking in the sorted water, and separation means for separating the sorted water and medium specific gravity material, and provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank A lightweight collection means for collecting a lightweight article floating in water; a sorted water circulation means for circulating at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom portion upstream of the raw material supply means; and a rotary conveyor provided in the first tank. The first hydrophilic treatment means configured and the second tank And a second hydrophilic treatment means comprising a water supply nozzle and a guide, wherein the first hydrophilic treatment means and the second hydrophilic treatment means feed the raw material into the selected water to precipitate the styrene resin. Since the sorting accuracy of styrene resin and polypropylene resin is improved, non-ferrous iron after crushing the whole and collecting iron with a magnetic sorter without removing the parts using copper wire from used home appliances in advance Because the plastics containing are sorted by specific gravity, a large amount of used home appliances can be recycled continuously and efficiently, and copper wires can be recovered efficiently. In addition, space saving and recycling cost can be reduced. Furthermore, when separating a polypropylene resin having a specific gravity of about 0.91 floating in water, a specific gravity of 1.05, and a styrene resin that is very close to the specific gravity of water, the styrene resin is allowed to flow from the bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank. Since it is actively utilized and pulled, the amount of styrene resin mixed in the polypropylene resin can be reduced.
[0083]
  In addition, the first hydrophilic treatment means and the second hydrophilic treatment means can improve the water wettability of some water-repellent thin copper wires (signal lines) and styrene resins, so that the specific gravity is higher than the specific gravity of the selected water. However, it is possible to sink what is floating due to water repellency, and as a result, it is possible to reduce contamination of foreign matter such as thin copper wire or styrene resin in the polypropylene resin.
[0084]
  Claims5According to the invention described in the above, since the screw conveyor is intermittently reversely rotated during the forward rotation, the copper wire is entangled with the screw constituting the screw conveyor and is sandwiched between the cylinders that store the screw. In this case, the screw conveyor can be loosened by intermittently rotating in the reverse direction, and locking of the screw conveyor can be prevented.
[0085]
  Claims6According to the invention described in the above, the screw conveyor has at least the tip portion of the screw made of an elastic body, so that the copper wire is entangled with the screw constituting the screw conveyor, forms a lump and stores the screw. Even if it is sandwiched between them, at least the tip of the force-applied screw bends, so that the screw conveyor can be prevented from being locked.
[0086]
  Claims7According to the invention described in the above, since the mixing water is supplied to the tip of the raw material supply means and the mixing portion for mixing the raw material and the selection water is provided, the plastics can be squeezed with the selection water and the water wettability is improved. This can improve the sorting accuracy in the water specific gravity sorting.
[0087]
  Claims8According to the invention described in the above, since the partition height adjusting plate that is slidable in the vertical direction is provided at the portion that is divided into the first bottom portion and the second bottom portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank, By adjusting the height by sliding the partition height adjustment plate up and down, it is possible to improve the sorting accuracy of non-ferrous metals such as copper wires at the first bottom and styrene resin at the second bottom.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of an essential part of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away.
[Fig. 3] Operation time chart of screw conveyor of the specific gravity sorter
FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a system configuration diagram of a specific gravity sorting apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a conventional specific gravity sorting apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
  8 Raw material supply pipe (raw material supply means)
  9 Wind sorter (raw material supply means)
  13 Water specific gravity sorting tank
  14 First tank
  14a first bottom
  15 Screw conveyor
  16 Second tank
  16a second bottom
  17 Communication pipe
  18a Solid-liquid separator (separation means)
  18b Solid-liquid separator (lightweight material recovery means)
  20 Circulation pump (sorted water circulation means)

Claims (8)

Water specific gravity having a raw material supply means for supplying raw materials to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first tank and a second tank having bottoms formed in a substantially inverted conical first bottom and second bottom from the raw material supply means side Dispose of the sorting tank, the screw conveyor placed at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank to collect heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous materials, and the medium specific gravity such as resin that sinks into the sorting water and the sorting water from the second bottom. Separating means for separating the separated water and medium specific gravity provided in communication with the communicating pipe, and a light weight collecting means for collecting the light weight floating in the sorted water provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank; And a sorting water circulation means for circulating at least the sorting water discharged from the second bottom portion to the upstream side of the raw material supply means, and the tip portion enters and exits the concave portion of the substantially inverted conical first bottom portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank. Specific gravity sorting device with air cylinder . Water specific gravity having a raw material supply means for supplying raw materials to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first tank and a second tank having bottoms formed in a substantially inverted conical first bottom and second bottom from the raw material supply means side Dispose of the sorting tank, the screw conveyor placed at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank to collect heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous materials, and the medium specific gravity such as resin that sinks into the sorting water and the sorting water from the second bottom. Separating means for separating the separated water and medium specific gravity provided in communication with the communicating pipe, and a light weight collecting means for collecting the light weight floating in the sorted water provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank; And a sorting water circulating means for circulating at least the sorting water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means, and a recessed portion for introducing sorting water is provided at a terminal portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank. Drain a lightweight material such as floating resin into the recess along with the selected water. Gravity separation device arranged Id wall with screw pushing device. The specific gravity sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the specific gravity sorting device is in communication with a lower part of a recessed portion for introducing sorted water at a terminal portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank and a second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank . Water specific gravity having a raw material supply means for supplying raw materials to a water specific gravity sorting tank, and a first tank and a second tank having bottoms formed in a substantially inverted conical first bottom and second bottom from the raw material supply means side Dispose of the sorting tank, the screw conveyor placed at the first bottom of the water specific gravity sorting tank to collect heavy specific gravity containing non-ferrous materials, and the medium specific gravity such as resin that sinks into the sorting water and the sorting water from the second bottom. Separating means for separating the separated water and medium specific gravity provided in communication with the communicating pipe, and a light weight collecting means for collecting the light weight floating in the sorted water provided at the end of the second tank of the water specific gravity sorting tank; The sorted water circulating means for circulating at least the sorted water discharged from the second bottom to the upstream side of the raw material supply means, the first hydrophilic treatment means configured by a rotary conveyor provided in the first tank, and the first It is composed of a water supply nozzle and a guide provided in the tank 2 A second hydrophilic treatment means, wherein the first hydrophilic treatment means and the second hydrophilic treatment means send the raw material into the sorting water to precipitate the styrene resin, and sort the styrene resin and the polypropylene resin. Specific gravity sorter designed to increase accuracy . The specific gravity sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the screw conveyor is intermittently reversely rotated during normal rotation . The specific gravity sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the screw conveyer includes at least a screw tip portion made of an elastic body . The specific gravity sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a mixing unit that supplies sorting water to a tip portion of the raw material supply means and mixes the raw material and the sorting water . The specific gravity sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a partition height adjusting plate that is slidable in a vertical direction is provided at a portion that is divided into a first bottom portion and a second bottom portion of the water specific gravity sorting tank.

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