JP4461078B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator.

  In recent years, wind power generators using wind power have attracted attention as devices that generate electricity using clean energy. As such a wind power generator, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a synchronous wind power generator with a speed increaser is known.

  According to this synchronous wind turbine generator with a speed increasing device, by providing the speed increasing device between the wind turbine blade and the synchronous power generator, the rotation of the rotating shaft is increased and the rotor rotates at a high speed. Will be faster. For this reason, even if it does not enlarge a rotor diameter, a required electric power generation output is obtained and there exists an advantage that a synchronous generator is not enlarged.

JP 2001-304094 A

  However, the normal synchronous generator is usually composed of a rotor attached to a hollow rotor shaft and a stator disposed on an outermost shell in a ring shape so as to surround the rotor. For this reason, the synchronous generator itself has a large diameter and a flat structure, and a space is formed in the vicinity of the center of the synchronous generator, and this space does not contribute to power generation, so that there is a problem that the space usage rate is poor.

  In addition, with the recent increase in the size of wind power generators and the demand for wind power generators suitable for installation on isolated islands, etc., wind generators equipped with a generator that is easy to transport and compact, or that has good maintenance efficiency Development is desired.

  An object of this invention is to provide the wind power generator provided with the power generator which can generate electric power compactly and highly efficiently in view of the said subject.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a wind turbine generator according to the present invention is driven by a rotor head to which a plurality of wind turbine blades are attached and which receives wind power from the wind turbine blade and rotates, and receives the rotational driving force of the rotor head. In the wind power generator including the power generator, the outer ring gear is fixed, and the planetary carrier is provided with the rotor driving force and the outer synchronous generator rotor. , the sun gear has a planetary gear mechanism in which the inner rotor of the synchronous generator is provided, the outer and inner two of the synchronous generator is arranged in a nested, the rotor of the outer synchronous generator A stator of a synchronous generator is disposed between the rotor of the inner synchronous generator, and the stator performs synchronous power generation with the rotor of the outer synchronous generator, and the inner synchronous generator Between rotors Characterized in that also a synchronous generator is performed.

  According to the present invention, a small-diameter synchronous generator is disposed in a surplus space in the central portion of the synchronous generator that has not contributed to conventional power generation, and the stators of the two synchronous generators are connected to the outer synchronous power generation. Since it is integrally arranged between the rotor of the machine and the rotor of the inner synchronous generator, the surplus space can be effectively used to generate power with high efficiency.

Further, in the wind turbine generator according to the reference example of the present invention, the power generator has a fixed outer ring gear, and the planetary carrier receives the rotational driving force of the rotor head and includes the rotor of the outer synchronous generator. The sun gear has a planetary gear mechanism provided with a rotor of the inner synchronous generator.

According to the reference example of the present invention , the rotational driving force of the rotor head is input to the planet carrier by the planetary gear mechanism, and the rotor of the outer synchronous generator provided on the planet carrier is the same as the rotation of the rotor head. Rotating at a speed of In addition, the rotor of the inner synchronous generator has a smaller diameter than that of the outer synchronous generator, but is provided in the sun gear. And can generate electricity.
Moreover, since the planetary gear mechanism part and the generator part are integrally formed, the weight of the power generator can be reduced. In addition, since the rotation transmission shaft from the reduction gear device to the generator is not required, the nacelle can be shortened in the direction of the rotation axis, and vibration can be reduced.

  In the wind power generator according to the present invention, the power generator includes an inverter device in each of the two synchronous generators.

According to the present invention, by including an inverter device in a synchronous generator, the power generated by each generator can be adjusted to the frequency, phase, and alternating current (AC) of power required by an external system, A stable output with small fluctuations in the voltage and current of the generated power can be ensured.
In addition, since it is only necessary to adjust the power generation frequency with an inverter, there is no need to increase the rotor diameter in correspondence with the frequency required by the external system. Even if the rotor diameter is reduced, the required generated power can be obtained and the size can be reduced.

  According to the wind turbine generator of the present invention, a wind turbine generator that performs high-efficiency power generation by arranging a small-diameter synchronous generator in the surplus space in the central portion of the synchronous generator that has not contributed to conventional power generation. Can do. In addition, by forming the planetary gear mechanism (speed increaser) as an integrated power generation device, the power generation device can be made compact, and the weight of the power generation device can be reduced. Furthermore, by providing the inverter device, it is possible to secure a stable output and further reduce the size.

[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a wind turbine generator using a planetary gear mechanism in the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of the power generation device in the present embodiment. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the center line of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the present embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, a plurality of wind turbine blades 2 are attached to a rotor head 1. The wind turbine blade 2 can be controlled in pitch so as to have an optimum angle with respect to the wind direction by a pitch angle varying device (not shown). The rotary shaft 3 has one end connected to the rotor head 1 and the other end connected to the power generation device 4. A pitch control hydraulic cylinder (not shown) of the wind turbine blade 2 is fixedly disposed in the rotary shaft 3. In addition, the power generation device 4 generates power by the rotational driving force transmitted from the wind turbine blade 2 via the rotary shaft 3.

The rotating shaft 3 and the power generation device 4 are installed in the nacelle 5. The nacelle 5 is installed on the tower 6 so as to be rotatable following the wind direction. System cables, control cables, and the like of the power generation device 4 (not shown) are connected to a control panel (not shown) installed on the ground through the tower 6.
In addition, although the nacelle 5 includes an anemometer, a hydraulic cylinder control device, a turning brake control device, and the like (not shown), description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the power generation device 4 includes a planetary gear mechanism portion 7 and a generator portion 8. The planetary gear mechanism 7 includes an outer ring gear 9 having a gear formed on the inner peripheral side of the ring, and a plurality of planetary gears (first gears) engaged with the outer ring gear 9 and connected to the rotary shaft 3 by a planet carrier. ) 10 and a sun gear (second gear) 11 that is arranged at the center of the outer ring gear 9 and is driven to rotate by engaging with a plurality of planetary gears 10. The outer ring gear 9 is fixed on the nacelle 5 by fixing means 21 (see FIG. 1) such as bolts.

  The planetary gears 10 are arranged at three positions every 120 degrees from the center of the outer ring gear 9. The sun gear 11 is located at the center of the planetary gear mechanism 7 so as to engage with the planetary gears 10. The gear ratio between the planetary gear 10 and the sun gear 11 is set so that the planetary gear 10 increases the speed of the sun gear 11 by about 10 times.

As shown in FIG. 3, the generator unit 8 includes a cylindrical outer rotor (first rotor) 12 that is rotationally driven by the planetary gear 10 and a cylindrical inner rotation that is rotationally driven by the sun gear 11. A rotor (second rotor) 13 and a sleeve-like stator 14 disposed between the outer rotor 12 and the inner rotor 13 are configured.
The outer rotor 12 and the planetary gear 10 are connected through a coupling 18 by a connecting shaft 12a. Moreover, the inner side rotor 13 and the sun gear 11 are connected by the connection shaft 13a. Note that the connecting shaft 12a of the planetary gear 10 is connected to the rotating shaft 3 (see FIG. 1) via a planet carrier at the left end in the drawing. Moreover, the stator 14 is attached to the cover of the generator part 8 shown with a dashed-two dotted line.

A plurality of sets of permanent magnets 17 a are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the outer rotor 12, and similarly, a plurality of sets of permanent magnets 17 b are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 13. A plurality of outer coils 15 and inner coils 16 are disposed on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the stator 14.
A plurality of permanent magnets 17a and 17b of the outer rotor 12 and the inner rotor 13 are arranged as a set of N poles and S poles, and are multipolarized. In the present embodiment, eight permanent magnets 17a are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer rotor 12, and six permanent magnets 17b are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the inner rotor 13 (see FIG. 2).
The permanent magnet 17a of the outer rotor 12 and the permanent magnet 17b of the inner rotor 13 may be electromagnets.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the generated power is taken out by a system line connected to the inner coil 15 and the outer coil 16 of the stator 14, and connected to an inverter 19 arranged outside the power generation device 4 to be a direct current (DC). Is converted to The inverter 19 is connected to a transformer 20, and the transformer 20 adjusts the alternating current (AC) of the frequency, phase, and voltage required by the external system and outputs the result to the external system.

  Next, the effect | action of the wind power generator in this embodiment is demonstrated using FIGS. 1-4. In FIG. 1, the nacelle 5 is horizontally rotated so that the blade surface is substantially perpendicular to the wind direction, and the wind turbine blade 2 is rotated. At this time, the pitch angle of each wind turbine blade 2 is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) so as to be an optimum pitch angle with respect to the wind direction. As a result, the wind turbine blade 2 rotates, and this rotation is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 connected to the rotor head 1 so that the power generation device 4 is rotationally driven to generate power.

  In FIG. 4, the rotational drive from the rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to the planetary gear 10 through a planet carrier (not shown). Thereby, each planetary gear 10 rotates while engaging with the outer ring gear 9. As the planetary gear 10 rotates, the outer rotor 12 connected by the connecting shaft 12a is rotationally driven. As the outer rotor 12 rotates, synchronous power generation is performed between the permanent magnet 17a (see FIG. 2) and the outer coil 15 of the stator 14 to generate electric power.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, since the rotating shaft 3 and the outer side rotor 12 are connected, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 and the rotation speed of the outer rotor 12 become the same speed. For this reason, although the rotational speed of the outer rotor 12 is lowered, the frequency is proportional to the number of poles and the number of revolutions, and therefore the number of revolutions needs to be supplemented by the number of poles. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the number of permanent magnets 17a on the inner surface of the outer rotor 12 is arranged in multiple pairs (eight poles in this embodiment) to increase the number of rotations of the permanent magnets 17a and synchronize efficiently. It can generate electricity.

  In FIG. 4, the rotation of the planetary gear 10 causes the sun gear 11 that engages with each planetary gear 10 to rotate at an increased speed. The rotation of the sun gear 11 is transmitted to the inner rotor 13 through the connecting shaft 13a. When the inner rotor 13 rotates, as shown in FIG. 2, synchronous power generation is performed between the permanent magnet 17 b and the inner coil 16 of the stator 14 to generate electric power. Although the inner synchronous generator has a small number of poles, the inner rotor 12 is accelerated by the planetary gear 10 from the number of rotations of the rotating shaft 3, so that it is possible to obtain generated power of a required frequency.

  As described above, synchronous power generation is performed between the outer rotor 12 and the stator 14, and between the inner rotor 13 and the stator 14, but the same power generation frequency is obtained mechanically on the outer side and the inner side. Attempting to do so limits the number of poles and the speed increase ratio. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, an inverter 19 is connected to each of the outer coil 15 and the inner coil 16 of the stator 14, and alternating current (AC) generated between the outer surface and the inner surface of the stator 14 is converted into direct current (DC) at one end. The converter 20 connected to the inverter is adjusted to the frequency, phase, and voltage alternating current (AC) required by the power transmission system and sent to the external system. By doing so, the number of poles and the speed increasing ratio can be freely determined without being restricted by the frequency required by the system, so that the degree of freedom of design increases and further compactization is possible.

  Thus, by using the power generation device 4 in which two large and small synchronous generators are nested, a wind power generation device including a compact and highly efficient power generation device can be obtained.

Further, in the power generator 4, the planetary gear mechanism (speed increaser) 7 and the power generator 8 are integrally formed, and a synchronous generator is formed between the outer rotor 12 and the stator 14. The space formed at the center of the power can be used effectively, and the power generator can be made compact.
Thereby, the weight of the power generation device is reduced, and transportation, installation, and assembly can be easily performed, and a wind power generation device suitable for a remote island can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, a planetary gear mechanism is provided as in the first embodiment, but the input / transmission of rotation is different. That is, the rotation of the rotor head is input to the outer ring gear 9 that is rotatably supported by the nacelle via the rotating shaft 3.
Due to the rotation of the outer ring gear 9, the planetary gear 10 with the rotation axis fixed does not revolve but only rotates. The rotation of the planetary gear 10 is synchronized with the sleeve-like stator 14 fixed to the nacelle by rotating and driving the cylindrical coupling body 22 provided with the outer rotor 12 via the second rotation shaft 21. Generate electricity. As for the inner synchronous generator, as in the first embodiment, the sun gear 11 provided with the inner rotor is rotated at an increased speed by the planetary gear 10 and performs synchronous power generation with the stator 14. .
About the stator 14, it is good also as a structure which rotates to a rotor and a reverse direction via a roller, a gearwheel, etc. between the connection bodies 22, without fixing to a nacelle. By rotating in reverse with the rotor, the relative peripheral speed increases, so that it is possible to generate power at a required frequency even if the generator has a smaller diameter.

It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the wind power generator in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the electric power generating apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the electric power generating apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the wind power generator in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the wind power generator in 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor head 2 Windmill blade 3 Rotating shaft 4 Power generation device 7 Planetary gear part (speed increaser)
8 Generator section 10 Planetary gear (first gear)
11 Sun gear (second gear)
12 Outer rotor (first rotor)
13 Inner rotor (second rotor)
14 Stator 15 Outer coil 16 Inner coil 17a Permanent magnet 17b Permanent magnet

Claims (2)

In a wind turbine generator comprising a rotor head to which a plurality of wind turbine blades are attached and rotated by receiving wind power from the wind turbine blade, and a power generator driven by receiving the rotational driving force of the rotor head,
In the power generation device, the outer ring gear is fixed, the rotational driving force of the rotor head is input to the planetary carrier, and the outer synchronous generator rotor is provided, and the sun gear is provided with the inner synchronous generator rotor. Having a planetary gear mechanism provided with
Outer and inner two of the synchronous generator is arranged in a nested, arranged stator of the synchronous generator between the outer synchronous generator rotor and the rotor of the inner synchronous generator, the fixed The wind power generator is characterized in that synchronous power generation is performed between the child and the rotor of the outer synchronous generator, and synchronous power generation is also performed between the rotor and the rotor of the inner synchronous generator . The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power generator includes an inverter device in each of the two synchronous generators.

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