JP4459358B2 - Manufacturing method of concrete products - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of concrete products Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4459358B2
JP4459358B2 JP2000027702A JP2000027702A JP4459358B2 JP 4459358 B2 JP4459358 B2 JP 4459358B2 JP 2000027702 A JP2000027702 A JP 2000027702A JP 2000027702 A JP2000027702 A JP 2000027702A JP 4459358 B2 JP4459358 B2 JP 4459358B2
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general formula
hydrogen atom
monomer
concrete
group
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JP2001220195A (en
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富士桜 倭
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/26Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B24/2641Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0045Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
    • C04B2103/0059Graft (co-)polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/10Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は即時脱型コンクリート製品の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術と課題】
セメントペースト量の極めて少ないパサパサの硬練りコンクリートを用いて製造する即時脱型工法では、成形時に流動性を有するものの直後の脱型時には流動性を有しないことが必要で、コンクリート混和剤として知られているナフタレン系、メラミン系、ポリカルボン酸系等の通常のコンクリート混和剤は使用することができない。そのため強烈な振動を与えて製造されるが、コンクリート表面に豆板、す、角欠けなどが生じ易く、振動機から発生する騒音も環境を著しく悪化させていることから改善が望まれている。例えば、特公昭63−19464号では起泡性界面活性剤とソルビトール又はデキストリンの併用が提案されているが、振動機の出力を下げるまでには至っていないのが現状である。
【0003】
本発明の課題は、振動出力が小さくても表面美観に優れた即時脱型コンクリート製品が得られる製造方法を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、下記一般式(A)で表される単量体(a)1〜15モルに対し下記一般式(B1)で表される化合物及び一般式(B2)で表される化合物から選ばれる単量体(b)の1種以上100モルを重合して得られる共重合体を含有し、単位水量が120kg/m3以下である超硬練りコンクリート組成物を、型枠に充填し振動加圧成形する即時脱型コンクリート製品の製造方法に関する。
【0005】
【化2】

Figure 0004459358
【0006】
(式中、
AO:炭素数2〜3のオキシアルキレン基
n:2〜300の数
X:水素原子又は炭素1〜3のアルキル基
R1,R2,R3,R6:水素原子又はメチル基
R4,R5:水素原子、メチル基又はM2O(CO)(CH2)m2であり、M2O(CO)(CH2)m2はCOOM1又は他のM2O(CO)(CH2)m2と無水物を形成していてもよく、その場合、それらの基のM1,M2は存在しない。
【0007】
M1,M2,Y:水素原子、アルカリ金属原子、アルカリ土類金属原子、アンモニウム、水酸基が置換していてもよいアルキルアンモニウム
m1,m2:0〜2の数
を表す。)
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の共重合体において、一般式(A)で示される単量体(a)としては、メトキシポリエチレングリコール、メトキシポリエチレンポリプロピレングリコール、エトキシポリエチレングリコール、プロポキシポリエチレングリコール等の片末端アルキル封鎖ポリアルキレングリコールと(メタ)アクリル酸等のエステル化物や(メタ)アクリル酸へのエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド付加物等が挙げられ、好ましくはXは炭素1〜3、特に炭素数1のアルキル基である。また、一般式(A)中のnは、流動性と流動性の経時低下抑制に優れることから、2〜300、好ましくは60〜200、更に好ましくは110〜150である。
【0009】
単量体(a)に用いられるポリアルキレングリコールとしては、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシドが挙げられ、好ましくはエチレンオキシドであり、ランダム付加、ブロック付加、交互付加等のいずれも用いることができる。
【0010】
一般式(B1)で示される単量体としては、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸及びこれらの金属塩が挙げられる。また、不飽和ジカルボン酸系単量体として、無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸、シトラコン酸、フマル酸、又はこれらのアルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩、水酸基が置換していてもよいアルキル(炭素数2〜10)アミン塩が挙げられる。また、一般式(B2)で示される単量体としては、アリルスルホン酸、メタリルスルホン酸、又はこれらのアルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、アンモニウム塩、水酸基が置換していてもよいアルキル(炭素数2〜10)アミン塩が挙げられる。好ましくは(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アリルスルホン酸又はこれらのアルカリ金属塩である。
【0011】
本発明に用いられる共重合体は、単量体(a)と単量体(b)の比率が通常のコンクリート混和剤とは異なるため、ゼロスランプのパサパサした硬練りコンクリートに添加直後にはわずかの振動で流動するが、短時間のうちに流動性を失うという特性を有する。この効果は、単量体(a)と単量体(b)の共重合比率が、単量体(a)/単量体(b)=1/100〜15/100、特に5/100〜10/100のモル比の場合に特に優れ、充填性や成型後の保型性も良好となり、ダレも生じない。
【0012】
本発明に用いられる共重合体の重量平均分子量(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー法/ポリスチレンスルホン酸換算)は3000〜1000000の範囲が良く、5000〜100000が流動性発現の面から好ましい。
【0013】
本発明に用いられる共重合体は、公知の方法で製造することができる。例えば、特開平7-223852号公報、特開平7-247150号公報、特開平11-157897号公報の溶液重合法が挙げられ、水や炭素数1〜4の低級アルコール中、過硫酸アンモニウム、過酸化水素等の重合開始剤存在下、要すれば、亜硫酸ナトリウムやメルカプトエタノール等を添加し、50〜100℃で0.5〜10時間反応させればよい。
【0014】
さらに本発明に用いられる共重合体は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で他の共重合可能な単量体を反応させてもよい。例えば、アクリロニトリル、アクリル酸アルキルエステル、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、スチレン、スチレンスルホン酸等が挙げられる。
【0015】
かかる共重合体のコンクリート組成物への添加量はセメントに対して固形分で0.02〜1.0重量%が好ましく、0.05〜0.5重量%がより好ましい。
【0016】
なお、上記共重合体は公知の添加剤(材)と併用することができる。例えば、AE剤、AE減水剤、流動化剤、高性能減水剤、遅延剤、早強剤、促進剤、起泡剤、発泡剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、防水剤、防泡剤や珪砂、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、シリカフューム等が挙げられる。
【0017】
本発明の製造方法は、上記共重合体を含有し単位水量が120kg/m3以下である超硬練りコンクリート組成物を、型枠に充填し振動加圧成形して、コンクリートブロック、コンクリート板、コンクリート管などの即時脱型コンクリート製品を得るものである。本発明の製造方法は、公知の振動機により行うことができるが、振動機の出力を小さくしても表面美観に優れたコンクリート製品を得ることができるため、騒音の低減に有利である。
【0018】
【実施例】
表1に示すコンクリート配合に、表2に示す共重合体を添加して、振動成型機により図1の形状の成形体を製造した。振動成型機は「千代田DG-3型」(千代田技研社製、二軸アンバランスウエイト上下振動方式)を用い、振動数6100vpm、振動機のモーター出力3.7kW×2の振動で、周波数60Hz(最大加速度2.6G)と周波数30Hz(最大加速度1.3G)で30秒間のプレス成型(プレス圧3.5kg/cm2)を行った。得られた成型体を24時間に肉眼観察し、表面状態と寸法精度を下記の判定で評価した。寸法精度は成型体の高さ(図1中のL)を測定した。結果を表2に併せて示す。
【0019】
(表面状態)
◎…角欠け、空隙なし
○…角欠けなし、空隙僅かに有り
△…角欠けと空隙僅かにあり
×…角欠け、空隙多数あり
(寸法精度)
◎…1mm未満の誤差
○…1mm以上3mm未満の誤差
△…3mm以上7mm未満の誤差
×…7mm以上の誤差
【0020】
【表1】
Figure 0004459358
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004459358
【0022】
表2中、EOはエチレンオキシド、POはプロピレンオキシドの略であり、数字は平均付加モル数である。なお、本発明品8(*)はランダム付加物である。また、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、メタリルスルホン酸を用いたものは、共重合後に、70モル%をNaOHで中和した。また、重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー法(ポリスチレンスルホン酸換算)によるものである。なお、本発明品2〜11は周波数60Hzでの評価は行わなかった(**)。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明の製造方法によれば、表面美観に優れた即時脱型コンクリート製品を低騒音で製造することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例で製造したコンクリート成型体の略示図であり、(a)は平面図、(b)は正面図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an immediate demolding concrete product.
[0002]
[Prior art and issues]
It is known as a concrete admixture in the immediate demolding method, which is produced using papasa hard concrete with a very small amount of cement paste, which has fluidity during molding but does not have fluidity during demolding immediately after molding. Ordinary concrete admixtures such as naphthalene-based, melamine-based, and polycarboxylic acid-based materials cannot be used. For this reason, it is produced with intense vibrations, but bean plates, soot, corner chips, etc. are likely to occur on the concrete surface, and the noise generated from the vibrator significantly deteriorates the environment. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-19464 proposes the combined use of a foaming surfactant and sorbitol or dextrin, but the current situation is that the output of the vibrator has not been lowered.
[0003]
An object of the present invention is to provide a production method capable of obtaining an immediate demolding concrete product excellent in surface aesthetics even if the vibration output is small.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is selected from the compound represented by the following general formula (B1) and the compound represented by the general formula (B2) with respect to 1 to 15 mol of the monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (A) A mold is filled with a super hard kneaded concrete composition containing a copolymer obtained by polymerizing at least one mole of monomer (b) and having a unit water content of 120 kg / m 3 or less. The present invention relates to a method for producing an immediate demolding concrete product to be pressure-formed.
[0005]
[Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0004459358
[0006]
(Where
AO: C2-C3 oxyalkylene group
n: Number from 2 to 300
X: a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 6 : hydrogen atom or methyl group
R 4 and R 5 are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or M 2 O (CO) (CH 2 ) m 2 , and M 2 O (CO) (CH 2 ) m 2 is COOM 1 or other M 2 O (CO) ( CH 2 ) m2 and anhydride may be formed, in which case M 1 and M 2 of those groups are not present.
[0007]
M 1 , M 2 , Y: hydrogen atom, alkali metal atom, alkaline earth metal atom, ammonium, alkylammonium optionally substituted with hydroxyl group
m 1 , m 2 : represents a number from 0 to 2. )
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the copolymer of the present invention, as the monomer (a) represented by the general formula (A), one-end alkyl-capped polyalkylene glycol such as methoxypolyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylenepolypropyleneglycol, ethoxypolyethyleneglycol, propoxypolyethyleneglycol, etc. And esterified products such as (meth) acrylic acid, and ethylene oxide and propylene oxide adducts to (meth) acrylic acid. X is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, particularly 1 carbon atom. Further, n in the general formula (A) is 2 to 300, preferably 60 to 200, and more preferably 110 to 150, because it is excellent in fluidity and suppression of temporal deterioration of fluidity.
[0009]
Examples of the polyalkylene glycol used in the monomer (a) include ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, and any of random addition, block addition, and alternate addition can be used.
[0010]
Examples of the monomer represented by the general formula (B1) include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, and metal salts thereof. Further, as unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomers, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, itaconic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic anhydride, citraconic acid, fumaric acid, or alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium thereof Examples thereof include alkyl salts (having 2 to 10 carbon atoms) which may be substituted with salts and hydroxyl groups. Examples of the monomer represented by the general formula (B2) include allyl sulfonic acid, methallyl sulfonic acid, or an alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt, ammonium salt, or an alkyl group optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group. (C2-C10) amine salt is mentioned. (Meth) acrylic acid, (meth) allyl sulfonic acid or alkali metal salts thereof are preferred.
[0011]
The copolymer used in the present invention is different from ordinary concrete admixture in the ratio of the monomer (a) to the monomer (b). However, the fluidity is lost in a short time. The effect is that the copolymerization ratio of the monomer (a) and the monomer (b) is such that the monomer (a) / monomer (b) = 1/100 to 15/100, particularly 5/100 to Particularly excellent in the case of a molar ratio of 10/100, filling property and shape retention after molding become good, and no sagging occurs.
[0012]
The weight average molecular weight (gel permeation chromatography method / polystyrene sulfonic acid equivalent) of the copolymer used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 3000 to 100000, and 5000 to 100,000 is preferable from the viewpoint of fluidity expression.
[0013]
The copolymer used in the present invention can be produced by a known method. Examples include solution polymerization methods disclosed in JP-A-7-223852, JP-A-7-247150, and JP-A-11-157897. In water and lower alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ammonium persulfate, peroxide In the presence of a polymerization initiator such as hydrogen, if necessary, sodium sulfite, mercaptoethanol or the like may be added and reacted at 50 to 100 ° C. for 0.5 to 10 hours.
[0014]
Furthermore, the copolymer used in the present invention may be reacted with another copolymerizable monomer within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. For example, acrylonitrile, alkyl acrylate ester, acrylamide, methacrylamide, styrene, styrene sulfonic acid and the like can be mentioned.
[0015]
The amount of the copolymer added to the concrete composition is preferably 0.02 to 1.0% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the solid content of the cement.
[0016]
In addition, the said copolymer can be used together with a well-known additive (material). For example, AE agent, AE water reducing agent, fluidizing agent, high performance water reducing agent, retarder, early strengthening agent, accelerator, foaming agent, foaming agent, antifoaming agent, thickener, waterproofing agent, antifoaming agent, etc. Examples include quartz sand, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and silica fume.
[0017]
The production method of the present invention comprises a cemented concrete composition containing the above copolymer and having a unit water amount of 120 kg / m 3 or less, filled into a mold and subjected to vibration pressure molding, To obtain immediate demolding concrete products such as concrete pipes. The production method of the present invention can be performed with a known vibrator, but even if the output of the vibrator is reduced, a concrete product having an excellent surface appearance can be obtained, which is advantageous in reducing noise.
[0018]
【Example】
The copolymer shown in Table 2 was added to the concrete composition shown in Table 1, and a molded body having the shape shown in FIG. 1 was produced using a vibration molding machine. The vibration molding machine is “Chiyoda DG-3” (manufactured by Chiyoda Giken Co., Ltd., biaxial unbalanced weight vertical vibration system), with a vibration frequency of 6100vpm, vibration of the motor output of 3.7kW × 2, and a frequency of 60Hz (maximum Press molding (press pressure 3.5 kg / cm 2 ) for 30 seconds was performed at an acceleration of 2.6 G) and a frequency of 30 Hz (maximum acceleration 1.3 G). The obtained molded body was visually observed for 24 hours, and the surface condition and dimensional accuracy were evaluated by the following judgments. For the dimensional accuracy, the height of the molded body (L in FIG. 1) was measured. The results are also shown in Table 2.
[0019]
(Surface condition)
◎… No corner chipping, no gap ○… No corner chipping, slightly void △… Square chipping and few voids ×… Square chipping, many voids (Dimensional accuracy)
◎ ... Error less than 1mm ○ ... Error of 1mm or more and less than 3mm △ ... Error of 3mm or more and less than 7mm × ... Error of 7mm or more
[Table 1]
Figure 0004459358
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004459358
[0022]
In Table 2, EO is an abbreviation for ethylene oxide, PO is an abbreviation for propylene oxide, and the numbers are the average number of moles added. The product of the present invention 8 (*) is a random adduct. Moreover, what used acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and methallylsulfonic acid neutralized 70 mol% with NaOH after copolymerization. The weight average molecular weight is based on a gel permeation chromatography method (in terms of polystyrene sulfonic acid). The inventive products 2 to 11 were not evaluated at a frequency of 60 Hz (**).
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the production method of the present invention, an immediate demolding concrete product excellent in surface aesthetics can be produced with low noise.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concrete molding produced in an example, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.

Claims (2)

下記一般式(A)で表される単量体(a)1〜15モルに対し下記一般式(B1)で表される化合物及び一般式(B2)で表される化合物から選ばれる単量体(b)の1種以上100モルを重合して得られる共重合体を含有し、単位水量が120kg/m3以下である超硬練りコンクリート組成物を、型枠に充填し振動加圧成形する即時脱型コンクリート製品の製造方法。
Figure 0004459358
(式中、
AO:炭素数2〜3のオキシアルキレン基
n:2〜300の数
X:水素原子又は炭素1〜3のアルキル基
R1,R2,R3,R6:水素原子又はメチル基
R4,R5:水素原子、メチル基又はM2O(CO)(CH2)m2であり、M2O(CO)(CH2)m2はCOOM1又は他のM2O(CO)(CH2)m2と無水物を形成していてもよく、その場合、それらの基のM1,M2は存在しない。
M1,M2,Y:水素原子、アルカリ金属原子、アルカリ土類金属原子、アンモニウム、水酸基が置換していてもよいアルキルアンモニウム
m1,m2:0〜2の数
を表す。)
Monomer selected from the compound represented by the following general formula (B1) and the compound represented by the general formula (B2) with respect to 1 to 15 moles of the monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (A) Filling the mold with a super hard kneaded concrete composition containing a copolymer obtained by polymerizing one or more of 100 mol of (b) and having a unit water amount of 120 kg / m 3 or less, and subjecting it to vibration pressure molding. A method for producing immediate demolding concrete products.
Figure 0004459358
(Where
AO: C2-C3 oxyalkylene group
n: Number from 2 to 300
X: a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 6 : hydrogen atom or methyl group
R 4 and R 5 are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or M 2 O (CO) (CH 2 ) m 2 , and M 2 O (CO) (CH 2 ) m 2 is COOM 1 or other M 2 O (CO) ( CH 2 ) m2 and anhydride may be formed, in which case M 1 and M 2 of those groups are not present.
M 1 , M 2 , Y: hydrogen atom, alkali metal atom, alkaline earth metal atom, ammonium, alkylammonium optionally substituted with hydroxyl group
m 1 , m 2 : represents a number from 0 to 2. )
一般式(A)中のnが、60〜200である請求項1記載の即時脱型コンクリート製品の製造方法。The method for producing an immediate demolding concrete product according to claim 1, wherein n in the general formula (A) is 60 to 200.
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JP2003104767A (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Grace Chemicals Kk Method for producing quickly demoldable concrete
JP2020172068A (en) * 2019-04-11 2020-10-22 花王株式会社 Method for forming hydraulic composition

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