JP4456324B2 - ES cell line having germline cell differentiation ability derived from inbred mouse C57BL / 6 and chimeric mouse using the cell line - Google Patents

ES cell line having germline cell differentiation ability derived from inbred mouse C57BL / 6 and chimeric mouse using the cell line Download PDF

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JP4456324B2
JP4456324B2 JP2002310328A JP2002310328A JP4456324B2 JP 4456324 B2 JP4456324 B2 JP 4456324B2 JP 2002310328 A JP2002310328 A JP 2002310328A JP 2002310328 A JP2002310328 A JP 2002310328A JP 4456324 B2 JP4456324 B2 JP 4456324B2
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embryo
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JP2004141073A (en
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建司 崎村
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、近交系マウスC57BL/6由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株、その樹立方法、及び該細胞株を用いたキメラマウス、その作製方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ES細胞は、胚幹細胞(embryonic stem cell:ES cell)と呼ばれ、胚盤胞の内部細胞塊より樹立される未分化な株化細胞をいう。ES細胞を初期胚に注入し、キメラマウスを作製すると、生殖細胞を含むすべての細胞に分化することができる。生殖系列のキメラマウスを交配すると、ES細胞由来の子孫を作り出すことができるため遺伝子ターゲッティングなどにより予め特定の遺伝子を操作しておけば、任意のノックアウトマウスやトランスジェニックマウスを作製することができる。
【0003】
ES細胞を用いた遺伝子ノックアウト法等は、生命現象を分子レベルで解析するのに優れた方法である。とりわけ脳の機能は個体レベルで解析することが必須であり、遺伝子ノックアウト法は無くてはならない技術になってきている。しかし、現在ほとんどのノックアウトマウス作製に用いられているES細胞は129系統由来であるが、このマウス系統は脳梁の形成不全があり、脳高次機能を解析する上で必須の行動解析に向かない。そこで、これまで作製されたノックアウトマウスは、行動解析に実績がある近交系マウスC57BL/6系統に戻し交配され、行動学的な解析がなされてきた。ところが変異を指標に選択をする限り、変異導入領域を中心にした遺伝子領域を戻し交配で完全に入れ換えることは不可能であり、遺伝子背景の問題を克服するには、純系のマウス由来ES細胞を用いるしか方法がない。
【0004】
これまでに、近交系C57BLマウス由来の細胞株で生殖系列細胞への分化能を維持している細胞株としては、いくつかの報告がされている。例えば、C57BLマウス由来の細胞株として、雄の細胞株(BL−111)(Experimental Cell Research 197, 254-258, 1991)が報告されている。また、その他の近交系マウスであるDBAに由来する細胞株として、これも雄の細胞株が報告されている(Experimental Cell Research 221, 520-525, 1995)。更に、近年、汎用近交系C57BL/6N系マウス由来の生殖系列細胞への分化能を有する細胞株として、該マウスの透明帯からイン ビトロで孵化させた胚盤胞から採取した汎用近交系C57BL/6N系マウス由来の雌のES細胞が開示されている(特開2001−61470号公報)。
【0005】
しかしながら、これまでにC57BL/6系統等から樹立されたES細胞株として、いくつかの報告はされてきたが、生殖系列キメラが得られる効率に問題がある等が指摘されている。実際、これまで発表されたC57BL/6由来ES細胞のうち、本発明者が入手できた細胞を調べたが、いずれも生殖系列キメラは得られなかった。しかし、Colin L. Stewartらが分与した、ES細胞Bruce株から細胞形態とカリオタイプを指標に樹立し直した亜株からは生殖系列キメラが得られた。そこで、現在行動解析などに日常的に用いられているC57BL/6NCrjのようなC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞への分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立が必要とされた。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−61470号公報
【非特許文献1】
Experimental Cell Research 197, 254-258, 1991
【非特許文献2】
Experimental Cell Research 221, 520-525, 1995
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、汎用近交系マウスC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株、その樹立方法、及び該細胞株を用いたキメラマウス、その作製方法を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、汎用近交系マウスC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立を行うべく、鋭意研究の結果、近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配して、該雌のマウスから、例えば2.5日胚のような受精後胚盤胞形成前の胚を採取し、イン ビトロ、ES細胞用培地中で培養し、該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離し、そして該胚を、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養し、該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取し、該細胞塊をトリプシンを含有するES細胞用培地を用いて分散処理、及び、フィーダー細胞培地を用いて培養し、更にはES細胞用培地を用いて継代培養し増殖するES細胞株樹立のための培養・処理を行うことにより、生殖系列細胞分化能を有する汎用近交系マウスC57BL/6由来、ES細胞株を樹立することができることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
本発明で樹立したES細胞株の具体例として、近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrjに由来し、生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞RENKA株(受託番号:FERM BP−8225)が挙げられる。
本発明で樹立したES細胞株は、宿主胚へ導入し、仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植することにより、宿主胚由来の細胞とで構成されるキメラ個体を得ることができる。本発明のES細胞は、キメラ個体内で生殖系列にも分化するので、ES細胞由来の配偶子を産生することができ、したがって、近交系マウスC57BL/6の適当なマウスと交配することにより、ES細胞に導入された、或いはノックアウトされた遺伝子を保持する近交系マウスC57BL/6マウスを作製することができる。
【0010】
すなわち本発明は、(a)次の(b)工程における胚の発生段階及び採取時期を管理された条件で正確に行うために、近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrjの雌雄を交配するに際して、雌のマウスに性腺刺激ホルモンを投与して近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配する工程、(b)該雌のマウスから受精後胚盤胞形成前の胚を2.5日胚の時期において採取し、イン ビトロ、KO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地中で培養する工程、(c)該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離し、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(d)該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取し、該細胞塊をトリプシンを含有するKO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地を用いて分散した後、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(e)該(d)の工程を繰り返した後、周りに分化した細胞が認められないコロニーを選択する工程、及び(f)該コロニーをKO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地を用いて継代培養し増殖した後、凍結保存する工程、からなることを特徴とする近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrj由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立方法(請求項1)からなる
【0011】
また本発明は、(g)請求項1に記載のES細胞株の樹立方法により近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrj由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株を樹立し、或いは該樹立したES細胞株を遺伝子工学的に形質転換し、該ES細胞株或いは該樹立したES細胞株を遺伝子工学的に形質転換したES細胞株を、ES細胞株の樹立において用いたES細胞用培地と同一の培地であるKO−ES培地及びフィーダー細胞を用いて培養・増殖する工程、(h)予め胚供給用雌雄のマウスを交配して採取した宿主胚を、ES細胞株の樹立において用いたES細胞用培地と同一の培地であるKO−ES培地を用いて培養する工程、(i)(g)工程で調製したES細胞株を、(h)工程で調製した宿主胚に導入する工程、及び(j)ES細胞株を導入した宿主胚を偽妊娠させた仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植する工程によりキメラマウスを作製することを特徴とするキメラマウスの作製方法(請求項2)からなる。
【0012】
さらに本発明は、ES細胞をフィーダー細胞上で培養・増殖する工程を、ICR系統マウスの14日胚より調製したネオマイシン耐性線維芽細胞フィーダー上で、播種する細胞数と継代時期を厳密に制御して分化を抑制した状態で行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のキメラマウスの作製方法(請求項3)や、(i)工程において、ES細胞株を8細胞期の宿主胚へ注入することを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載のキメラマウスの作製方法(請求項4)や、ES細胞株を導入する宿主胚として、ICR系統のマウスの胚を用いることを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載のキメラマウスの作製方法(請求項5)からなる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、汎用近交系マウスC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株を樹立し、該細胞株を用いてキメラマウスを作製することからなる。
【0014】
[ES細胞株の樹立]
本発明において、汎用近交系マウスC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株を樹立するために、(a)近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配する工程、(b)該雌のマウスから受精後胚盤胞形成前の胚を採取し、イン ビトロ、ES細胞用培地中で培養する工程、(c)該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離し、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(d)該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取し、該細胞塊をトリプシンを含有するES細胞用培地を用いて分散した後、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(e)該(d)の工程を繰り返した後、周りに分化した細胞が認められないコロニーを選択する工程、及び(f)該コロニーをES細胞用培地を用いて継代培養し増殖した後、保存する工程、に従って、ES細胞株の樹立を行う。
【0015】
本発明においては、基本的には、雌のマウスから受精後、胚盤胞形成前の胚を採取し、イン ビトロ、ES細胞用培地中で培養し、該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離して、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養し、該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取することにより、近交系マウスC57BL/6由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立を可能としている。本発明において使用される近交系マウスC57BL/6系統のマウスとしては、汎用近交系マウスのC57BL/6NCrjが挙げられる。
【0016】
本発明において、近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌のマウスからの受精後の胚盤胞形成前の胚の採取を管理された条件で正確に行うために、予め近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配するに際して、雌のマウスに性腺刺激ホルモンを投与して交配することにより、受精の時期を管理して、明確にしておくことが重要である。雌のマウスからの受精後の胚の採取は、例えば2.5日胚のような胚盤胞形成前の胚を採取する。該胚は、ES細胞用培地中でイン ビトロで培養し、該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離する。ES細胞用培地としては、例えば、KO−ES培地(Knockout-DMEM 180mlに次の溶液を添加する:非必須アミノ酸溶液2ml;β−メルカプトエタノール溶液2ml、LIF溶液0.2ml;Knockout-SR 40ml;L−グルタミン溶液200mM 1.8ml)を挙げることができる。本発明のES細胞の樹立において用いるES細胞用培地としては、ES細胞の樹立のための全工程において、同一のES細胞用培地を用いることが必要である。
【0017】
分離した胚は、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養し、該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取する。胚の培養に用いるフィーダー細胞としては、ICRマウス線維芽細胞の初代培養や、STO細胞等公知の樹立細胞を用いることができる。細胞塊は、トリプシン溶液を用いて、分散させ、更に、フィーダー細胞培地上に播種して、未分化コロニーをピックアップし、該コロニーをES細胞用培地を用いて継代培養し、適当に増殖したところで凍結して保存する。
本発明で樹立された、近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrjに由来し、生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞RENKA株は、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センターに、受託番号:FERM BP−8225として寄託されている。
【0018】
本発明の近交系マウスC57BL/6に由来する生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立に際しての要点を以下に例示的に記載する。
(採胚)
ES細胞株の樹立に用いる近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌からの受精胚を以下のようにして採取する。受精胚の採取に際しては、受精後の胚盤胞形成前の胚の採取を管理された条件で正確に行うために、近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配するに際して、雌のマウスに性腺刺激ホルモンを投与して交配する。
【0019】
(1)採胚用マウスの交配
<要点>
(a)セロトロピン一本(50units/100μl)を0.6%NaCl 1.9mlで希釈する。26Gの針を付けた1mlシリンジで液を吸い取り、200μl/匹(5units/マウス)を4週齢雌C57BL/6NCrjマウスの腹腔に注射する。(1日目 17:00)
(b)48時間後、ゴナトロピン一本(50units/100μl)を0.6%NaCl 1.9mlで希釈する。26Gの針を付けた1mlシリンジで液を吸い取り、200μl/匹(5units/マウス)200μl/匹(5units/マウス)でセロトロピン投与雌C57BL/6NCrjマウスの腹腔に注射する。
(c)注射後、すぐに8〜9週齢雄C57BL/6NCrjマウスと交配させる(雄:雌=1:1)。(3日目 17:00)
(d)翌朝交尾プラグ(Plug)を確認し、雄から離す(10時位までに確認する)。(4日目 9:00)
【0020】
(2)採胚用マウスからの採胚
受精した採胚用雌マウスから、2.5日胚のような胚盤胞形成前の胚を採取する。(6日目 朝)
<要点>
(a)採卵前日、予めKO−ES培地とミネラルオイルで覆ったKO−ES培地滴(drop)を3.5cmディシュに作って、37℃ CO2インキュベーター内に用意する。
(b)交尾プラグを確認した雌C57BL/6NCrjマウスを頸椎脱臼する。
(c)上皮を70%EtOHで消毒する。筋膜を切らないように腹部の毛皮をピンセットで持ち上げ、はさみで切れ目を入れ、残りは手で上皮を剥く。
(d)筋膜を眼科用はさみで切り開く。
(e)腸をよけると、卵巣・輸卵管・子宮が左右に対になっているのが確認できる。
【0021】
(f)卵巣・輸卵管・子宮のうち輸卵管と子宮のみを眼科用はさみで切り出す。その際不要な筋膜は取り除く。また子宮の長さは輸卵管接合部から3〜5mm程度あればよい。
(g)M2培地に輸卵管及び子宮を移し、余計な血液や組織を洗って取り除く。
(h)時計皿に輸卵管及び子宮を移す。1mlシリンジにM2培地を満たし灌流針をつける。
(i)輸卵管の卵管采に灌流針を差し込んで、灌流する。約200μlで完全に胚を輸卵管及び子宮から出すことができる。
(j)時計皿を軽くまわし、灌流して出てきた胚を皿の中心部に集め、キャピラリーピペットで回収する。
(k)再度M2培地で胚を洗い、37℃ CO2インキュベーター内に保存しておいたKO−ES培地で洗いKO−ES培地滴に移す。
(l)37℃ CO2インキュベーター内で培養する。
【0022】
(3)ES細胞の採取及び細胞株の樹立
胚盤胞内部細胞塊より生育したES細胞のコロニーをガラスピペットで採取する。この時、各種の細胞コロニーの中からES細胞を認識する目が最大のポイントとなる。採取する細胞塊は、できる限り単一の組成にするために、コロニー上部のみを慎重に切り出すことが肝要である。採取したES細胞を、培養・増殖及び分離してES細胞株を樹立する。
<要点>
(a)採胚した日に、採胚した個体数と同数の6cmシャーレ(ファルコン3004)にフィーダー細胞を準備する。(6日目 昼〜夕方)
(b)翌日の朝フィーダー細胞培地をKO−ES培地でに交換する。(7日目 朝)
(c)翌日の午前中KO−ES培地で培養した胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ物を選び、フィーダー細胞をまいた6cmシャーレに移す。この時、1匹分の胚を1枚のシャーレに移す。(7日目 午前中)
【0023】
(d)培養4〜5日目にES様形態で生育している胚から細胞塊を採取する(11〜12日目)。このとき、外径200ミクロン、内径100ミクロンのガラスピペット(先端をべべラーで鋭利に研いでおく)でコロニー上部約半分を丁寧に切り取る。
(e)細胞塊は少量の培地と共にあらかじめマイクロタイターに50マイクロリットル分注した0.25%トリプシン溶液に入れ、37℃で3分おき、20%牛胎児血清を含むKO−ES培地150μlを添加し、ピペットマンP200のチップで10回分散させる。
(f)細胞分散液を24穴フィーダー上に播く。培地は、KO−ES培地0.5mlを用いる。
(g)12時間後に培地を交換する。培地は、KO−ES培地0.5mlを用いる(12〜13日目)。
【0024】
(h)4〜5日後、出現したコロニーを0.25%トリプシン溶液120μl、37℃で、3分間処理し、20%牛胎児血清を含むKO−ES培地1mlで反応を停めた後分散させ、遠心してトリプシンを除く。(16〜18日後)
(i)細胞を5mlのKO−ES培地で再分散させ、細胞数を数える。1000個/mlに希釈し、6cmシャーレのフィーダー細胞上に播種する。
(j)6〜7日後、円型で輪郭が鮮明であり、周りに分化した細胞が認められないコロニーを選び、ピックアップする。手法は(e)〜(g)。(22〜25日後)
(k)出現したコロニーは、(h)の処理をした後、細胞を5mlのKO−ES培地で分散させ細胞数を数え、1×105/mlの濃度で継代し、適当に増殖したところで凍結する。
【0025】
(4)樹立したES細胞株の検定
樹立したES細胞は、生殖系列キメラマウス作製能で検定を行う。キメラマウスの作製は、「キメラマウスの作製」プロトコル(後述)にしたがい行う。ICR系統マウス胚に注入するES細胞の数を、例えば、3〜5個、6〜8個、9〜11個の3グループに分け、それぞれ独立に仮親に移植する。このうち雄の100%キメラが多く出る細胞株とその時の細胞数を決定する。100%キメラを雌ICR系統マウスと交配し、生殖系列遺伝を確認する。
【0026】
[樹立したES細胞株を用いたキメラマウスの作製]
本発明で樹立したES細胞株は、宿主胚へ導入し、仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植することにより、宿主胚由来の細胞とで構成されるキメラ個体を得ることができる。本発明のES細胞は、キメラ個体内で生殖系列にも分化するので、ES細胞由来の配偶子を産生することができる。したがって、近交系マウスC57BL/6の適当なマウスと交配することにより、ES細胞に導入された或いはノックアウトされた遺伝子を保持する近交系マウスC57BL/6マウスを作製することができる。本発明で樹立したES細胞株を用いてノックアウトマウスやトランスジェニックマウスを作製するには、本発明で樹立したES細胞を、予め公知の遺伝子操作方法により、例えば、遺伝子ターゲッティングなどにより遺伝子を操作して、その形質を変換することにより行うことができる。
【0027】
本発明で樹立したES細胞株及び該細胞株を遺伝子操作により形質転換したES細胞株を用いて、キメラマウスを作製するには、該ES細胞株を宿主胚へ導入し、更に該ES細胞株を導入した宿主胚を仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植することにより行うことができるが、該ES細胞株を宿主胚へ導入する方法としては、ES細胞を宿主の胚盤胞期胚へ注入する方法、8細胞期胚へ注入する方法、或いは透明帯を除去した8細胞期胚と凝集させる方法などの方法を挙げることができる。
本発明において、ES細胞株を宿主胚へ導入する特に好ましい方法としては、ES細胞株を8細胞期胚へ注入する方法が挙げられる。
【0028】
本発明のキメラマウスの作製方法について、具体的例示により説明すると、本発明で樹立したES細胞からキメラマウスを作製するには、まず、保存されているES細胞は、ロットごとに増殖速度が異なっており、宿主胚への導入には対数増殖期にあるES細胞を注入することが必要であるから、予めそのロットの増殖速度を確かめ、培養・増殖して調整する。この培養で重要なことは、ES細胞を分化させないことであるから、例えば、該ES細胞をフィーダー細胞上で培養・増殖する工程を、ICR系統マウスの14日胚より調製したネオマイシン耐性線維芽細胞フィーダー上で、播種する細胞数と継代時期を厳密に制御して分化を抑制した状態で行う等の注意を払う必要がある。
【0029】
次に、対数増殖期にあるES細胞を、宿主胚に導入するが、該ES細胞の導入は、例えば、ICR系統のマウスの8細胞期胚にES細胞を注入することにより行う。該ES細胞の注入により、キメラ胚を作製する。この時、注入するES細胞数は2〜12個であるが、細胞の増殖速度に合わせてその数を調節する。注入するES細胞の数によりキメラ寄与率が変化するので、胚の生存可能な限り多くの細胞を注入する。このことでES細胞の生殖細胞に分化する効率を上げることができる。なお、胚へのES細胞の注入操作やキメラ胚の培養の時もES細胞専用の培地を用い他の培地に曝さないことが、一定の成績を得るために極めて重要である。ES細胞専用の培地としては、例えば、DMEM high glucoseを基本にし、18%のGIBCO KNOCKOUT-SR、0.1mMのMEM非必須アミノ酸、0.1mMのβ−メルカプトエタノール、2mMのL−グルタミン、1000u/mlのLIF(ESGRO)を添加した培地(KO−ES培地)が特に好ましい。なお、GIBCO KNOCKOUT-SRのロットの選択は非常に重要で、ES細胞への毒性が低く、分化傾向が低く、細胞増殖の早いものを選ぶ必要がある。
【0030】
本発明において、C57BL/6系統由来ES細胞と宿主胚としてICRマウス胚を組み合わせた場合には、毛色で容易にキメラ率を判別できる利点がある。
上記の方法で作製したキメラマウスのうち、毛色で80%以上のES細胞寄与率の個体からは高い効率で生殖系列遺伝がおこる。特に、遺伝子組換えマウスで行動解析を行うような場合は、C57BL/6系統のES細胞を使うことが求められると考えられ、本細胞の有用性は高い。
本発明の最も大きなポイントは、本発明によって樹立されたしたC57BL/6N系統由来ES細胞株が効率よく生殖系列キメラになることである。これまで報告されてきたC57BL/6由来ES細胞は、確認したほとんどのものが生殖系列キメラになり得なかった。その意味で、この樹立された細胞株そのものに価値がある。
【0031】
更に、本発明の方法により、ES細胞から生殖系列キメラマウスを効率的に作製することが可能となった。それは、細胞の培養条件とES細胞の注入を受けた胚の培養条件を至適化することにより、C57BL/6由来ES細胞株から生殖系列キメラマウスを効率的に作製することが可能となったことによる。以下に、本発明のキメラマウスの作製に際して、重要なポイントとなる事項を列記する。
1)ES細胞を樹立するときに使用した培地を、胚へ注入するES細胞の培養と胚の培養の両方に使用する。すなわち、ES細胞の培養と胚の培養を同じ条件で行うために同一の培地を用いる。胚にES細胞を注入する顕微鏡下の培地も同一のものを用いる。
2)8細胞期の胚にES細胞を注入する。注入するES細胞は、凍結ストックからKO−ES培地の中でおこし、対数増殖期のものを用いる。培地のpHに注意し、培地交換の時期を遅れさせないことと、交換するときの培地の温度を37℃にしておく。
【0032】
3)胚にES細胞を注入するとき培地のpHが相当早く変化するので、ミネラルオイルで覆ったまま炭酸ガス培養器で平衡にさせておいたものを頻繁に取り替えるか、培地を頻繁に取り替える。また、胚をES細胞を注入するためにステージに上げておく時間は10分以内にする。
4)注入するES細胞の数は、2〜12個であるが、最初に数を振りキメラ率の高い個体が取れる細胞数を決める(一般に一定以上の細胞を注入すると発生が途中で停止し、キメラ率が高くなると産仔数が減少する)。注入数は、凍結ストックごとに変わるので各ストックごとに確認する必要がある。
5)注入後の胚は速やかにKO−ES培地の中に入れ、炭酸ガス培養器に戻す
翌日胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を選択し、偽妊娠させた仮親の子宮に移植する。
これらの操作はいずれもES細胞の分化を抑制し、レシピエント胚とうまく混ぜ合わせる(キメラ胚にする)ために必要な操作となる。個々の操作は、特別のことがない限り、全てを一貫してやることが重要となる。
【0033】
本発明のキメラマウスの作製方法は、基本的には、本発明で樹立された近交系マウスC57BL/6由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株、或いは該細胞株を遺伝子工学的に形質転換したES細胞株を、ES細胞用培地及びフィーダー細胞培地を用いて培養・増殖し、他方、予め胚供給用雌雄のマウスを交配して採取した宿主胚を、ES細胞用培地を用いて培養し、前記ES細胞を、予め調製した宿主胚に導入し、該ES細胞株を導入した宿主胚を偽妊娠させた仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植することからなる。
本発明において、本発明の近交系マウスC57BL/6に由来する生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株を用いてキメラマウスを作製するに際しての要点を以下に例示的に記載する。
【0034】
(1)ES細胞の準備
保存されているES細胞の増殖速度は、凍結ロットごとに異なっている。胚へのES細胞の注入には、対数増殖期にある細胞(60〜80%コンフルエント)を用いる必要があるために、あらかじめその凍結ロットの増殖速度を確かめておく。
<要点>
1)凍結細胞ストックを液体窒素容器から出す。
2)予め42℃に加温してあるインキュベーターにチューブを入れ、すばやく溶解し、温まらないうちに細胞懸濁液をパスツールピペットで15mlチューブにあらかじめ入れた5mlのKO−ES培地に懸濁する。
3)1200rpm、室温で3分間遠心する。
4)上清を除去し、細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、5mlのKO−ES培地に懸濁する。
【0035】
5)あらかじめ作製しておいた1本の25cm2フィーダーボトルの培地を除去し、細胞懸濁液を播種する。
6)24時間後にKO−ES培地で培地交換をおこなう。以後培地のpHに注意し早めの培地交換を心がける(培地交換は、培地の色が朱色から黄色に変色する前に行う)。細胞が60〜80%コンフルエントになるまで約2日間培養する。その間、1日1回、必要に応じて2回以上培地交換する。(培地交換は、培地の色が朱色から黄色に変色する前に行う)育てすぎてはいけない。
7)インジェクション当日朝、EDTA−PBSで洗浄し、0.25%トリプシン溶液を0.5ml加え、ボトルを傾けて液を全面に行き渡らせる。
8)CO2インキュベーター内で3分間加温する。
9)側面を手で叩き、細胞を満遍なく剥がす(実際に白いもの(細胞)が剥がれてくることを肉眼で確認する。)。
【0036】
10)5mlのKO−ES培地+20%FCSを加え、細口ピペットで3回ピペッティングし、細胞懸濁液をコニカルチューブに移す。この時フラスコはそのまま取っておく(KO−ES培地+20%FCSは、KO−ES培地:FCS=4:1とする。この処理で、トリプシンの活性を完全に停止する)。
11)1200rpm、室温で3分間遠心する。
12)上清を除去し、細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、5mlのKO−ES培地に懸濁する。この懸濁液を取ってあったフラスコに播き、CO2インキュベーター内で30分間加温する。(フィーダー細胞を除く作業、フィーダー細胞はフラスコ表面にほとんど接着する)
13)CO2インキュベーターから静かにフラスコを取り出し、緩やかにフラスコを傾けながら約3mlの細胞懸濁液をコニカルチューブに取り、堅くふたを閉めて氷中にたてておく。
14)注入20分前になったら2.5cmディシュに2.0mlの細胞懸濁液を取り氷上に置いておく。
【0037】
(2)ES細胞の胚への注入
対数増殖期に達したES細胞を、宿主胚に注入する。
<要点>
1)厚さ1.2mmのスライドガラス中央に10mmの穴を開け、その部分をスライドガラスで覆ったマウス胚操作用容器を軽くシリコナイズしておく。
2)胚操作容器の中央に、80〜100μlのKO−ES培地で滴をつくり、それをミネラルオイルで覆う。
3)採取した8細胞胚を10個滴の中に入れる。
4)ES細胞をマイクロピペットで氷冷したディシュから、1000個程度とり、胚の近傍に拡げる。
【0038】
5)注入針に円形で形の整ったES細胞を50〜100個吸い取る。
6)8細胞胚を保持ピペットで吸い付け、透明帯の中に注入針を挿入する。この時、割球を傷つけないように細心の注意を払う。
7)ES細胞を2〜12個胚に注入する。細胞の数は細胞株ごとに異なるので、キメラ率の高い個体が多く出る割合を選ぶ。
8)ES細胞が漏れないようにゆっくり針を引き抜く。
9)10個打ち終わったら、直ちに胚を37℃で、CO2インキュベーターに保存しておいたKO−ES培地でリンスし、KO−ES培地滴の中に移す。胚の数は1滴あたり10〜15個までにする。胚をインキュベーターの中から出しておける時間は最大10分間である。
【0039】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はこれらの例示に限定されるものではない。
[注意点]
キメラマウスの作製に際して、ES細胞の培養で最も大切なことは、ES細胞を分化させないことである。そのためには、細胞の増殖状態、形態に常に注意を払うことが大切である。また、培養に用いる試薬、器具類は専用のものを用いる必要がある。
この実施例においては、ES細胞株は、その樹立時に使用したES細胞専用の培地を一貫して用い、ICRマウス14日胚より調製したネオマイシン耐性線維芽細胞フィーダー上で、播種する細胞数と継代時期を厳密に制御することでES細胞の分化を抑制した。培地の温度やpHにも所定の値を維持するように注意を払った。
【0040】
[各試薬、溶液類の組成、使用法]
この実施例で使用した試薬等の組成及びその調製法は、以下のとおりである。水は、試薬調製用超純水(Milli Q水)、またはそれと同等の純水を用いた。濾過滅菌には孔径0.22μmのPVDF(ポリフッ化ビニリデン)フィルターを使用し、オートクレーブ滅菌は121℃、20分の条件下で行った。
DMEM培地は、GIBCO社製 12100-061:Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (high glucose)13.37gをD.W. 950mLに溶解し、NaHCO3 3.7gを溶解後、1N HClにてpH7.3に調整し、最終容積を1Lとしたもの、β-メルカプトエタノール溶液は、SIGMA社製 M7522:β-mercaptoethanol 7μLをD.W. 10mLに混和したもの、LIF溶液は、CHEMICON社製 ESG1107:ESGRO 107 Unit(1mL)をBSA溶液9mLに混和したもの、BSA溶液は、SIGMA社製 A7906:Albumin Bovine fraction VをPBSに最終濃度1%(w/v)となるように溶解したもので、いずれも調製後に濾過滅菌したものを用いた。
【0041】
フィーダー(feeder)培地は、DMEM培地に最終濃度10%になるようFCS(GIBCO社製 16141-079(lot. No. 1002467)Fetal bovine serum, ES cell qualified)を混和したものを用いた。
PBSは、NaCl 8.0g、KCl 0.2g、Na2HPO4(−12H2O) 2.9g及びKH2PO4 0.2gをD.W.に溶解後、pH7.3に調整し、最終容量1Lとしたもの、EDTA−PBSは、EDTA−2Na(−2H2O) 2.2g、NaCl 8.0g、KCl 0.2g、Na2HPO4(−12H2O) 2.9g、及びKH2PO4 0.2gをD.W.に溶解後、1NNaOHにてpH7.3に調整し、最終容量を1Lとしたもので、いずれも調製後にオートクレーブ滅菌したものを用いた。
【0042】
0.25%トリプシン溶液は、GIBCO社製 15090-046:2.5% Trypsinを融解しEDTA−PBSで10倍希釈したものを、0.1%トリプシン溶液は、この溶液をさらにEDTA−PBSで2.5倍希釈したものを用いた。
0.1%ゼラチン溶液は、SIGMA社製 G6144:Gelatin type A from Porcine skin 1gをD.W. 1Lに添加し、オートクレーブにて溶解・滅菌したものを用いた。
KO−ES培地は、Knockout-DMEM(GIBCO社製 10829-018)180mLに非必須アミノ酸溶液(GIBCO社製 11140-050:10mM MEM non-essential amino acids solution) 2mL、β-mercaptoethanol溶液 2mL、LIF溶液 0.2mL、Knockout-SR(GIBCO社製 10828-028:ロット間にばらつきがあるため、ロットチェックする必要がある。)40mL、及びL−グルタミン溶液(GIBCO社製 25030-081:200mM L-glutamine)200mM 1.8mLを添加したもの、凍結培地は、各細胞種に適合した培地に最終濃度10%となるようDMSO(SIGMA社製 D2650:Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Sterile filtered)を使用直前に調製したもので、いずれも調製後に濾過滅菌したものを用いた。
【0043】
マイトマイシンC溶液は、SIGMA社製 M0530:Mitomycin C, from Streptomyces caespitosusを最終濃度1mg/mLになるようD.W.に溶解したもの、G418溶液は、GIBCO社製 11811-098:Geneticinを最終濃度50mg/mL(力価)となるようD.W.に溶解したもので、いずれも調製後に濾過滅菌したものを用いた。G418選別培地は、ES培地にG418溶液を通常最終濃度175μg/mLとなるよう添加したものを用いた。また、ペニシリン−ストレプトマイシン−PBSは、使用直前にGIBCO社製 15070-063:Penicillin-StreptomycinをPBSで100倍希釈したものを用いた。
【0044】
セロトロピン(日本薬局方注射用血清性性腺刺激ホルモン:帝国臓器製薬(株)製 1000単位/管)及びゴナトロピン(日本薬局方注射用胎盤性性腺刺激ホルモン:帝国臓器製薬(株)製 1000単位/管)は、セロトロピン・ゴナトロピン各一本を添付されている0.6% NaCl(オートクレーブ滅菌済)2mLを用いて、アンプル中で溶かし、最終的にそれぞれ50units/2mLとした。アンプル中の溶液を2.5mLのシリンジで2mLエッペンドルフチューブに移し、さらにそれを20本の2mLエッペンドルフチューブに100mLずつ分注し、使用時まで−20℃にて保存した。
【0045】
[フィーダー細胞ストックの作製]
(マウス初代培養細胞作製)
ネオマイシン耐性遺伝子を持つGluRε1ノックアウトマウス(Nature 373,151-155,1995)のホモ変異雄マウスと、雌のICRマウスを交配し、翌朝交尾プラグ(膣栓)を確認し、この時点をE0.5日(0.5日目胚)とした。E13.5〜15.5日の胎仔を妊娠した雌マウスを頸椎脱臼し、全身を70%エタノールに浸した後、クリーンベンチ内で子宮から胎仔を取り出し、膜と胎盤を取り除いて新しいディッシュに移した。肝臓や心臓など造血組織や血液を含む赤い組織部分を極力取り除いた胎仔を新しいディッシュに移し、湾曲バサミで細かく切断した組織を少量のPBS(−)で懸濁した後、組織懸濁液を50mLコニカルチューブに回収した。この組織懸濁液に、13.5日胚10匹、14.5日胚6匹、15.5日胚3匹あたり、0.1%トリプシンを含むPBS−EDTA溶液を20mLを組織懸濁液に加えた後、ローテーターで室温下で10〜15分間緩やかに回転し、口径の大きなピペットで液を数回ピペッティングし、1分間静置した。
【0046】
この操作を2回繰り返し行った後、沈殿として残った未分離組織や大きな組織塊はとっておき、上清を新しいコニカルチューブに移して細胞数を血球計算板で測定した。得られた細胞液を、4℃、1200rpmで3分間遠心し、沈殿の量から収量を予測することにより播種する10cmディッシュの枚数を決定した(ディッシュ一枚あたり1×106cells程度、10mL)。この沈殿をフィーダー培地に懸濁して10cmディッシュに播種したものを「ロット1」とし、顕微鏡観察により予想した収量の妥当性を確認した。さらに、残しておいた未分離組織・大きな組織塊から上記と同様の方法で「ロット2」を得た。未分離組織成分がなくなるか、又は、ゲノムの漏出により溶液の粘度が上がり細胞の分離ができなくなるまで上記と同様の操作を繰り返し、ロット3以降を得た。翌日顕微鏡で観察し、生存率の確認を行い、著しく生存率の低いロットはこの時点で廃棄した。なお、ディッシュに播種してから12〜16時間後にフィーダー培地で培地交換を行い、コンフルエントに達した際に、ディッシュ1枚あたり3、4枚に継代した後、凍結した。
【0047】
(フィーダー(ボトル、ディッシュ、プレート)の作製)
フィーダー細胞凍結ストックチューブ1本を42℃の温浴に浸して融解し、4mLのフィーダー培地で懸濁した後、4℃で1200rpm、3分間遠心を行った。上清を除去し、ペレットを10cmディッシュ1枚あたり10mLのフィーダー培地に懸濁した後、底面を0.1%ゼラチン溶液で2時間以上覆った10cmディッシュに直接播種し、細胞がコンフルエントに達するまで培養を行った。細胞がコンフルエントに達した際に、培養上清に1mg/mLのマイトマイシンC溶液を100μL加え、さらに2時間以上培養した後、0.25%トリプシン処理により細胞を剥離し、フィーダー培地を加え、最終的に細胞密度が約2×105cells/mLになるように細胞懸濁液を調製した。予め底面を0.1%ゼラチン溶液で2時間以上覆った培養容器に、得られた細胞懸濁液を規定量(10cmディッシュは10mL、25cm2ボトルは5mL、3.5cmディッシュは2mL、24ウェルマルチウェルの1ウェルは0.5mLを規定量とする)入れた後、CO2インキュベーター内で6時間以上静置し、細胞が十分生着伸展したことを確認してからES細胞を播種した。
【0048】
[ES細胞の培養と継代]
(ES細胞の前培養)
ES細胞凍結ストックチューブ1本(2.5〜5.0×105cells)を42℃の温浴に浸して融解し、細胞懸濁液をパスツールピペットで15mLチューブに予め入れた5mLのKO−ES培地に懸濁した後、4℃で1200rpm、3分間遠心を行った。次に、上清を除去して細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、5mLのKO−ES培地に懸濁し、上記方法で作製し培地を除去した1本の25cm2フィーダーボトルに細胞懸濁液を播種し、細胞がコンフルエントに達するまで約2日間培養した。最後の培地交換から2〜4時間後に培地を除去し、5mLEDTA−PBSで洗浄し、0.25%トリプシン溶液を0.5mL加えて細胞を剥離しした後、20%FCSを含むKO−ES培地を4.5mL加え、細口ピペット(5mLガラスメスピペット)で3回ピペッティングし、細胞懸濁液をコニカルチューブに移し、1200rpm、4℃で3分間遠心を行った。上清を除去し、細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、適当量のKO−ES培地に懸濁し、最終的に細胞密度が約0.2×105cells/mLになるように、必要量のKO−ES培地を加えて調整した。得られた細胞懸濁液を、予め上記方法で作製し、培地を除去しておいた25cm2のフィーダーボトル1本あたりにつき5mLずつ播種した。
【0049】
(ES細胞の凍結ストックの作製)
凍結操作の2時間前に培地交換を行った後、培地を除去し、5mL EDTA−PBSで洗浄し、0.25%トリプシン溶液を0.5mL加えることにより、細胞を剥離した。20%FCSを含むKO−ES培地を4.5mL加えて細胞を懸濁し、細胞密度を計算した後、1200rpm、4℃で3分間遠心した。上清を除去し、細胞密度が5×106cells/mLになるように、必要量の凍結培地を加え、ペレットを懸濁し、細胞凍結用チューブ1本あたり0.5〜1.0mLづつ分注した。予め4℃に冷蔵してあるバイセルにチューブを収納し、−80℃フリーザーに6時間以上入れ凍結した後、使用時まで液体窒素タンクに移して保存した。
【0050】
[キメラマウスの作製]
(ES細胞の準備)
ES細胞の増殖速度は、凍結ロットごとに異なっている。対数増殖期にある細胞(60〜80%コンフルエント)を胚への注入に用いるために、予めその凍結ロットの増殖速度を確かめておく必要がある。
遺伝子組換えを確認し保存してある細胞ストックを、予め42℃に加温してあるインキュベーターに入れてすばやく溶解し、温まらないうちに細胞懸濁液をパスツールピペットで5mLのKO−ES培地に懸濁した後、1200rpm、室温で3分間遠心して上清を除去し、細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、さらに5mLのKO−ES培地に懸濁した細胞懸濁液を、予め作製し培地を除去しておいた25cm2フィーダーボトルに播種した。
【0051】
播種24時間後にKO−ES培地で培地交換を行い、培地のpHに注意しながら、細胞が60〜80%コンフルエントに達するまで約2日間培養した。インジェクション当日、EDTA−PBSで洗浄し、0.25%トリプシンを加えて細胞を剥離した後、20%FCSを含む5mLのKO−ES培地を加えてトリプシン活性を停止させ、細胞懸濁液を調製した。1200rpm、室温で3分間遠心して上清を除去し、細胞沈殿をタッピングした後、5mLのKO−ES培地に懸濁し、この懸濁液を予め取ってあったフラスコに播き、CO2インキュベーター内で30分間加温することによりフィーダー細胞を除いた。CO2インキュベーターから静かにフラスコを取り出し、緩やかにフラスコを傾けながら約3mLの細胞懸濁液をコニカルチューブに取り、堅くふたを閉めて氷中に立て、注入20分前になったら2.5cmディッシュに2.0mLの細胞懸濁液をとり、氷上に置いた。
【0052】
(胚への注入)
厚さ1.2mmのスライドガラス中央に10mmの穴を開け、その部分をスライドガラスで覆ったマウス胚操作用容器を軽くシリコナイズしておき、胚操作容器の中央に、80〜100μLのKO−ES培地で滴をつくり、それをミネラルオイルで覆った。採取した8細胞胚を10個滴の中に入れ、ES細胞を、マイクロピペットで氷冷したディッシュから1000個程度とり、胚の近傍に拡げた後、注入針に円形で形の整ったES細胞を50〜100個吸い取った。8細胞胚を保持ピペットで吸い付け、割球を傷つけないように細心の注意を払いながら透明帯の中に注入針を挿入した。ES細胞を2〜12個胚に注入した。細胞の数は細胞株ごとに異なるため、キメラ率の高い個体が多く出る割合を選び、ES細胞が漏れないようにゆっくり針を引き抜き、10個打ち終わったら、直ちに胚を37℃ CO2インキュベーターに保存しておいたKO−ES培地でリンスし、1滴あたり10〜15個の胚をKO−ES培地滴の中に移した。
【0053】
(採卵準備)
セロトロピン一本(50units/100μL)を0.6%NaCl 1.9mLで希釈する。26Gの針を付けた1mLシリンジで液を吸い取り、200μL/匹(5units/マウス)を4週齢雌C57BL/6NCrjマウスの腹腔に注射した〔1日目17:00〕。48時間後、ゴナトロピン一本(50units/100μL)を0.6%NaCl 1.9mLで希釈し、26Gの針を付けた1mLシリンジで液を吸い取り、200μl/匹(5units/マウス)でセロトロピン投与雌C57BL/6NCrjマウスに腹腔内投与した。注射後すぐに、8〜9週齢の雄C57BL/6NCrjマウスと雄:雌=1:1の割合で交配させ〔3日目17:00〕、翌朝プラグを確認し、雄から離した(10時位までに確認)〔4日目9:00〕。
【0054】
(2.5日胚の採卵:6日目朝)
採卵前日に、KO−ES培地とミネラルオイルで覆ったKO−ES培地滴を3.5cmディッシュに作り、37℃ CO2インキュベーター内に用意した。プラグを確認した雌のC57BL/6NCrjマウスを頸椎脱臼し、上皮を70%EtOHで消毒した。筋膜を切らないように腹部の毛皮をピンセット(INOX No.5)で持ち上げ、はさみで切れ目を入れ、残りは手で上皮を剥ぎ、筋膜を眼科用はさみで切り開いて、輸卵管及び輸卵管接合部から3〜5mm程度子宮を眼科用はさみで切り出した。M2培地(SIGMA社製 M5910)に輸卵管と子宮を移し、余計な血液や組織を洗って取り除き、時計皿に輸卵管と子宮を移した後、1mLシリンジにM2培地を満たし灌流針をつけ、輸卵管の卵管采に27Gの灌流針を差し込んで、約200μL位灌流した。時計皿を軽くまわし、灌流して出てきた胚を皿の中心部に集め、キャピラリーピペットで回収した。再度M2培地で胚を洗い、37℃ CO2インキュベーター内に保存しておいたKO−ES培地で洗いKO−ES培地滴に移し、37℃ CO2インキュベーター内で培養した。
【0055】
(子宮への胚移植)
精管結紮し、交配してあらかじめ不妊であることを確かめた雄1匹に対し、発情期の雌ICRマウス1匹を加え交配し、翌日プラグを確認した。胚盤胞胚の移植には2.5日目の擬妊娠マウスを使用し、体重20gあたり0.3mLのネンブタール希釈液(50mg/mL原液を0.6%NaCl溶液で10倍に希釈したもの)を腹腔に注射した後、毛刈りをしてから背中をアルコール綿で消毒し、最も背骨の出っ張った部分より尾側の、背骨がやや窪んだところで正中に1cm程背中の皮を切除し、ハサミの背で皮膚を筋膜から十分剥離した。筋膜から透けて見える卵巣脂肪辱を目安に、左右一方側について背骨に近い筋膜に0.3〜0.5mm程度の切り口を体軸に垂直に入れ、切り口よりピンセットを体内に差し込んで脂肪辱をつまみ、子宮に戻した。実体顕微鏡下で、培養してあったキメラ胚を10個程度胚操作用キャピラリーピペットにとり、この時目印のエアーバブルを入れた。
【0056】
なお、ICRマウス8細胞期胚にES細胞を注入したキメラ胚は、約24時間KO−ES培地滴中で培養し、胚盤胞まで発生が進んだものを子宮内移植に用いた。実体顕微鏡下にマウスを置き、子宮上端より5mm程度のところに26G針を斜めに突き差し貫通させぬように穴をあけ、胚操作用キャピラリーピペットの先端を穴に差し込み、子宮内に先端をスムーズに出し入れできることを確認した後、エアーバブルを目安として胚を注入し、脂肪辱をつかんで子宮を体内に戻した。反対側についても、上記と同様の方法で胚を移植した。筋膜の切り口を1針縫った後、皮膚をオートクリッパーで閉じ、麻酔から醒めるまでパラフィン伸展機で保温し、その後ケージに戻した。
【0057】
(ES細胞RENKA株の検定)
ICRマウス胚に注入するES細胞(RENKA株)の数を、3〜5個、6〜8個、9〜11個の3グループに分けてそれぞれを仮親に移植した。このうち、雄の100%キメラが多く出る細胞株とその時の細胞数を決定した(表1)。100%キメラを雌ICRと交配し、産まれた仔の毛色を判別することにより生殖系列遺伝の確認を行った。なお、キメラ率の判定は、全体の毛色のうち、黒色(ES細胞RENKA株由来)が何%残っているかで判定した。その結果、確認した5匹の100%キメラマウス全てにおいて、生殖系列遺伝が認められた。
【0058】
【表1】

Figure 0004456324
【0059】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、近交系マウスC57BL/6系統由来の生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立が可能になり、このES細胞株を用いてキメラマウスを作製することにより、従来、生殖系列遺伝をするキメラマウスの作製が困難とされていた近交系マウスC57BL/6系統の生殖系列キメラマウスの作製が可能となった。本発明における近交系マウスC57BL/6は、汎用の近交系マウスであり、その生殖系列遺伝をするキメラマウスの作製が可能になったことは、このマウスの遺伝子領域に変異を導入し、該マウスを戻し交配する際に、他系統のマウスの交配を回避でき、したがって、遺伝子領域が交ざることなく、導入した遺伝子領域の純系なマウスの作製が可能になる。このように遺伝子背景が問題にならない近交系マウスの生殖系列遺伝をするキメラマウスが作製できたことにより、ノックアウトマウスやトランスジェニックマウスを作製する際に、変異遺伝子領域の導入が容易になり、また近交系マウスC57BL/6が、例えば脳の高次機能を解析する上で必要な、行動解析に向いた汎用系統のマウスであることから、これらの生体機能の分子レベルでの解析に大きな貢献が期待できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ES cell line having the ability to differentiate germline cells derived from inbred mouse C57BL / 6, a method for establishing the same, a chimeric mouse using the cell line, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
ES cells are called embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and are undifferentiated cell lines established from the inner cell mass of blastocysts. When an ES cell is injected into an early embryo to produce a chimeric mouse, it can differentiate into all cells including germ cells. When germline chimeric mice are crossed, ES cell-derived progeny can be generated, so if a specific gene is manipulated in advance by gene targeting or the like, any knockout mouse or transgenic mouse can be produced.
[0003]
Gene knockout methods using ES cells are excellent methods for analyzing biological phenomena at the molecular level. In particular, it is essential to analyze the brain function at the individual level, and the gene knockout method has become an indispensable technique. However, most of the ES cells currently used for the production of knockout mice are derived from the 129 strain. However, this mouse strain has dysplasia of the corpus callosum, and is suitable for analyzing behaviors essential for analyzing higher brain functions. No. Thus, the knockout mice prepared so far have been backcrossed to the inbred mouse C57BL / 6 line, which has a proven record in behavioral analysis, and has been subjected to behavioral analysis. However, as long as mutation is selected as an index, it is impossible to completely replace the gene region centered on the mutation-introduced region by backcrossing. To overcome the problem of gene background, pure mouse-derived ES cells are used. There is only a method to use.
[0004]
To date, several reports have been made on cell lines derived from inbred C57BL mice that maintain the ability to differentiate into germline cells. For example, a male cell line (BL-111) (Experimental Cell Research 197, 254-258, 1991) has been reported as a cell line derived from C57BL mice. In addition, as a cell line derived from DBA which is another inbred mouse, a male cell line has also been reported (Experimental Cell Research 221, 520-525, 1995). Furthermore, in recent years, a general inbred strain collected from a blastocyst hatched in vitro from the zona pellucida of the mouse as a cell line having the ability to differentiate into germline cells derived from a general inbred C57BL / 6N mouse. Female ES cells derived from C57BL / 6N mice have been disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-61470).
[0005]
However, although several reports have been reported as ES cell lines established from the C57BL / 6 line and the like so far, it has been pointed out that there is a problem in the efficiency with which germline chimeras can be obtained. In fact, of the C57BL / 6-derived ES cells that have been published so far, the cells that the present inventors were able to obtain were examined, but none of the germline chimeras were obtained. However, germline chimeras were obtained from sub-lines established by Colin L. Stewart et al. Using ES cell Bruce strains, which were reestablished using cell morphology and caryotype as indicators. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an ES cell line capable of differentiating into germline cells derived from C57BL / 6 such as C57BL / 6NCrj, which is routinely used for behavioral analysis.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-61470 A
[Non-Patent Document 1]
Experimental Cell Research 197, 254-258, 1991
[Non-Patent Document 2]
Experimental Cell Research 221, 520-525, 1995
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an ES cell line having a germline cell differentiation ability derived from a general inbred mouse C57BL / 6, a method for establishing the ES cell line, a chimeric mouse using the cell line, and a method for producing the chimeric mouse. .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to establish an ES cell line having a germline cell differentiation ability derived from a general-purpose inbred mouse C57BL / 6, the present inventor has bred male and female of the inbred mouse C57BL / 6, For example, embryos after fertilization, such as 2.5 day embryos, before blastocyst formation are collected from the female mice, cultured in vitro and in ES cell culture medium, and develop into blastocysts of the cultured embryos. And the embryo is seeded in a feeder cell medium and cultured, and the cell mass of the embryo grown in an ES-like form is collected, and the cell mass contains trypsin Dispersion treatment using ES cell culture medium, culture using feeder cell culture medium, and further culture and treatment for establishment of ES cell lines that are subcultured and propagated using ES cell culture medium A general inbred line with the ability to differentiate germline cells It was found that an ES cell line derived from mouse C57BL / 6 can be established, and the present invention has been completed.
[0009]
Specific examples of ES cell lines established in the present invention include ES cell RENKA strain (accession number: FERM BP-8225) derived from inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj and having germline cell differentiation ability.
The ES cell line established by the present invention can be introduced into a host embryo and transplanted into the uterus of a temporary parent female mouse to obtain a chimeric individual composed of cells derived from the host embryo. Since the ES cells of the present invention also differentiate into germline within a chimeric individual, ES cell-derived gametes can be produced, and therefore by mating with appropriate mice of inbred mouse C57BL / 6 An inbred mouse C57BL / 6 mouse carrying a gene introduced into an ES cell or knocked out can be produced.
[0010]
That is, the present invention provides (a) In order to accurately perform the embryonic development stage and collection time in the next step (b) under controlled conditions, when mating male and female inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj, gonadotropin is administered to female mice. The Mating male and female of inbred mouse C57BL / 6, (b) an embryo before fertilization after fertilization from the female mouse At the time of 2.5 day embryo Collected, in vitro, Consists of KO-ES medium A step of culturing in a medium for ES cells, (c) a step of separating an embryo whose development has progressed to a blastocyst out of the cultured embryos, seeding and culturing in a feeder cell medium, (d) from the cultured embryo Collect cell mass of what is growing in ES-like form and contain trypsin Consists of KO-ES medium A step of seeding and culturing in a feeder cell medium after being dispersed using a medium for ES cells; (e) after repeating the step (d), and selecting a colony in which no differentiated cells are observed And (f) the colony Consists of KO-ES medium After subculture using ES cell medium and proliferating, Freezing An inbred mouse C57BL / 6 characterized by comprising the step of storing NCrj Of Establishing ES Cell Line Having Differentiated Germline Cell Differentiation (Claim 1) .
[0011]
The present invention also provides (G) Establishing an ES cell line having the ability to differentiate from inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj-derived germline cells by the ES cell line establishment method according to claim 1, or genetically engineering the established ES cell line The KO-ES medium, which is the same medium as the ES cell medium used in the establishment of the ES cell line, the transformed ES cell line or the ES cell line genetically transformed from the established ES cell line And (h) a host embryo obtained by previously mating male and female mice for embryo supply is the same medium as the ES cell medium used in the establishment of the ES cell line. Culturing using KO-ES medium, (i) introducing the ES cell line prepared in step (g) into the host embryo prepared in (h) step, and (j) introducing the ES cell line Fake host embryo The method of making chimeric mouse characterized in that to produce chimeric mice by implanting into the uterus of a female mouse foster mother which is娠(claim 2) Consists of.
[0012]
Furthermore, the present invention ES cells The process of culturing and proliferating on feeder cells is controlled in a neomycin-resistant fibroblast feeder prepared from embryonic day 14 of ICR strain mice, with the number of cells to be seeded and passage time strictly controlled to suppress differentiation. Characterized by doing Claim 2 A method for producing a chimeric mouse described in ( Claim 3 And in step (i), the ES cell line is injected into a host embryo at the 8-cell stage. Claim 2 or 3 A method for producing a chimeric mouse described in ( Claim 4 ) And an embryo of the mouse of ICR strain is used as a host embryo into which an ES cell line is introduced Claims 2-4 A method for producing a chimeric mouse according to any one of ( Claim 5 ).
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises establishing an ES cell line having a germline cell differentiation ability derived from a general inbred mouse C57BL / 6 and producing a chimeric mouse using the cell line.
[0014]
[Establishment of ES cell lines]
In the present invention, in order to establish an ES cell line having a germline cell differentiation ability derived from general inbred mouse C57BL / 6, (a) a step of mating male and female of inbred mouse C57BL / 6, (b) Collecting embryos after fertilization after fertilization and formation of blastocysts from the female mouse, and culturing them in an in vitro culture medium for ES cells; (c) isolating embryos whose development has progressed to blastocysts from the cultured embryos And (d) collecting a cell mass of an ES-like growth from the cultured embryo, and using the ES cell medium containing trypsin. (E) a step of selecting a colony in which no differentiated cells are recognized after repeating the step (d), and (f) The colonies are subcultured using ES cell medium. After subculture and growth, ES cell lines are established according to the storage step.
[0015]
In the present invention, basically, after fertilization from a female mouse, an embryo before blastocyst formation is collected and cultured in an in vitro or ES cell culture medium, and the blastocyst of the cultured embryo is generated. Is isolated, seeded in a feeder cell medium and cultured, and a cell mass of an ES-like morphology growing from the cultured embryo is collected to obtain an inbred mouse C57BL / 6-derived embryo. It is possible to establish ES cell lines having the ability to differentiate germline cells. Examples of the inbred mouse C57BL / 6 strain used in the present invention include general-purpose inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj.
[0016]
In the present invention, in order to accurately collect embryos before blastocyst formation after fertilization from inbred mouse C57BL / 6 female mice under controlled conditions, inbred mouse C57BL / 6 When mating males and females, it is important to manage and clarify the time of fertilization by administering gonadotropin to female mice and mating. For collection of embryos after fertilization from female mice, embryos before blastocyst formation such as 2.5 day embryos are collected. The embryo is cultured in vitro in a medium for ES cells, and an embryo whose development has progressed to a blastocyst is separated from the cultured embryo. As a medium for ES cells, for example, the following solution is added to 180 ml of KO-ES medium (Knockout-DMEM: 2 ml of non-essential amino acid solution; 2 ml of β-mercaptoethanol solution, 0.2 ml of LIF solution; 40 ml of Knockout-SR; L-glutamine solution 200 mM 1.8 ml). As the ES cell medium used in the establishment of ES cells of the present invention, it is necessary to use the same ES cell medium in all the steps for establishing ES cells.
[0017]
The separated embryos are seeded and cultured in a feeder cell culture medium, and a cell mass of those grown in an ES-like form is collected from the cultured embryos. As feeder cells used for embryo culture, primary established cultures of ICR mouse fibroblasts or known established cells such as STO cells can be used. The cell mass was dispersed using a trypsin solution, further seeded on a feeder cell medium, an undifferentiated colony was picked up, the colony was subcultured using an ES cell medium, and was appropriately grown. By the way, freeze and store.
The ES cell RENKA strain derived from the inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj established in the present invention and having germline cell differentiation ability is registered with the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, under the accession number: FERM BP. Deposited as -8225.
[0018]
The main points in establishing an ES cell line having the germline cell differentiation ability derived from the inbred mouse C57BL / 6 of the present invention are illustratively described below.
(Embryo)
Fertilized embryos from inbred mouse C57BL / 6 females used for establishment of ES cell lines are collected as follows. In collecting fertilized embryos, in order to accurately collect embryos after fertilization before blastocyst formation under controlled conditions, when mating males and females of inbred mouse C57BL / 6, gonads are given to female mice. Mating with stimulating hormone.
[0019]
(1) Mating of mouse for embryo collection
<Key points>
(A) One cellotropin (50 units / 100 μl) is diluted with 1.9 ml of 0.6% NaCl. The solution is drawn up with a 1 ml syringe with a 26 G needle and 200 μl / mouse (5 units / mouse) is injected into the peritoneal cavity of 4 week old female C57BL / 6NCrj mice. (Day 1 17:00)
(B) After 48 hours, dilute one gonatropin (50 units / 100 μl) with 1.9 ml of 0.6% NaCl. The solution is drawn up with a 1 ml syringe with a 26G needle and injected into the peritoneal cavity of a female C57BL / 6NCrj mouse administered with serototropin at 200 μl / mouse (5 units / mouse) and 200 μl / mouse (5 units / mouse).
(C) Immediately after injection, mating with 8-9 week old male C57BL / 6NCrj mice (male: female = 1: 1). (3rd day 17:00)
(D) Check the mating plug (Plug) the next morning and remove it from the male (check by about 10 o'clock). (Day 4 9:00)
[0020]
(2) Embryo collection from mouse for embryo collection
An embryo before blastocyst formation such as a 2.5 day embryo is collected from a fertilized female mouse for embryo collection. (Morning day 6)
<Key points>
(A) The day before egg collection, a drop of KO-ES medium previously covered with KO-ES medium and mineral oil was made in a 3.5 cm dish, and the temperature was changed to 37 ° C. 2 Prepare in the incubator.
(B) A female C57BL / 6NCrj mouse with a confirmed mating plug is dislocated from the cervical spine.
(C) Disinfect the epithelium with 70% EtOH. Lift the abdominal fur with tweezers so as not to cut the fascia, cut with scissors, and peel the epithelium with the rest by hand.
(D) Open the fascia with ophthalmic scissors.
(E) When the intestine is removed, it can be confirmed that the ovary, oviduct, and uterus are paired on the left and right.
[0021]
(F) Cut out only the oviduct and uterus out of the ovaries, oviduct and uterus with ophthalmic scissors. At that time, unnecessary fascia is removed. Moreover, the length of the uterus should just be about 3-5 mm from an oviduct junction part.
(G) Transfer the oviduct and uterus to M2 medium and wash away and remove excess blood and tissues.
(H) Transfer the oviduct and uterus to the watch glass. Fill a 1 ml syringe with M2 medium and attach a perfusion needle.
(I) Insert a perfusion needle into the fallopian tube fistula and perfuse. Approximately 200 μl can completely remove the embryo from the oviduct and uterus.
(J) Lightly rotate the watch glass and collect the embryos that have been perfused in the center of the dish and collect them with a capillary pipette.
(K) Wash the embryo again with M2 medium, 37 ° C CO 2 Wash with KO-ES medium stored in the incubator and transfer to KO-ES medium drops.
(L) 37 ° C CO 2 Incubate in incubator.
[0022]
(3) ES cell collection and cell line establishment
A colony of ES cells grown from the blastocyst inner cell mass is collected with a glass pipette. At this time, the eye that recognizes ES cells from various cell colonies is the largest point. It is important to carefully cut out only the upper part of the colony so that the collected cell mass has a single composition as much as possible. The collected ES cells are cultured, expanded and separated to establish an ES cell line.
<Key points>
(A) On the day of embryo collection, feeder cells are prepared in the same number of 6 cm dishes (Falcon 3004) as the number of individuals collected. (Day 6 from noon to evening)
(B) The feeder cell medium is replaced with KO-ES medium the next morning. (Morning on the 7th day)
(C) From the embryos cultured in the KO-ES medium in the morning of the next day, select the embryo that has developed to the blastocyst and transfer it to a 6 cm petri dish with feeder cells. At this time, one embryo is transferred to one petri dish. (Day 7 morning)
[0023]
(D) Collect cell mass from embryos growing in ES-like morphology on day 4-5 of culture (day 11-12). At this time, the upper half of the colony is carefully cut off with a glass pipette having an outer diameter of 200 microns and an inner diameter of 100 microns (the tip is sharpened with a beveler).
(E) The cell mass is placed in a 0.25% trypsin solution previously dispensed in a microtiter with 50 microliters together with a small amount of medium, every 3 minutes at 37 ° C., and 150 μl of KO-ES medium containing 20% fetal calf serum is added. Disperse 10 times with the tip of Pipetteman P200.
(F) Cell dispersion is seeded on a 24-well feeder. As the medium, 0.5 ml of KO-ES medium is used.
(G) Replace the medium after 12 hours. As the medium, 0.5 ml of KO-ES medium is used (day 12-13).
[0024]
(H) After 4-5 days, the emerged colonies were treated with 120 μl of 0.25% trypsin solution at 37 ° C. for 3 minutes, and after stopping the reaction with 1 ml of KO-ES medium containing 20% fetal calf serum, they were dispersed. Centrifuge to remove trypsin. (16-18 days later)
(I) The cells are redispersed with 5 ml of KO-ES medium and the number of cells is counted. Dilute to 1000 cells / ml and seed on 6 cm dish feeder cells.
(J) After 6 to 7 days, a colony having a clear outline and no differentiated cells is selected and picked up. The methods are (e) to (g). (22-25 days later)
(K) After the treatment of (h), the emerged colony was dispersed in 5 ml of KO-ES medium, the number of cells was counted, and 1 × 10 Five Passage at a concentration of / ml and freeze when properly grown.
[0025]
(4) Established ES cell lines
Established ES cells are assayed with the ability to produce germline chimeric mice. The production of the chimeric mouse is carried out according to the “production of chimeric mouse” protocol (described later). The number of ES cells injected into the ICR strain mouse embryo is divided into, for example, three groups of 3 to 5, 6 to 8, and 9 to 11, and each is transplanted to a temporary parent independently. Among these, the cell line in which male 100% chimera appears frequently and the number of cells at that time are determined. 100% chimeras are crossed with female ICR strain mice to confirm germline inheritance.
[0026]
[Preparation of chimeric mice using established ES cell lines]
The ES cell line established by the present invention can be introduced into a host embryo and transplanted into the uterus of a temporary parent female mouse to obtain a chimeric individual composed of cells derived from the host embryo. Since the ES cell of the present invention also differentiates into the germ line within the chimeric individual, it is possible to produce ES cell-derived gametes. Therefore, an inbred mouse C57BL / 6 mouse carrying a gene introduced into an ES cell or knocked out can be produced by mating with an appropriate mouse of the inbred mouse C57BL / 6. In order to produce a knockout mouse or a transgenic mouse using the ES cell line established in the present invention, the ES cell established in the present invention is genetically manipulated in advance by a known genetic manipulation method, for example, gene targeting. Then, it can be performed by converting the character.
[0027]
In order to produce a chimeric mouse using the ES cell line established in the present invention and the ES cell line obtained by genetically transforming the cell line, the ES cell line is introduced into a host embryo, and further the ES cell line The ES cell line can be introduced into the host embryo by injecting the ES cell into the blastocyst stage embryo of the host. Examples thereof include a method, a method of injecting into an 8-cell stage embryo, and a method of aggregating with an 8-cell stage embryo from which the zona pellucida has been removed.
In the present invention, a particularly preferred method for introducing an ES cell line into a host embryo includes a method of injecting the ES cell line into an 8-cell stage embryo.
[0028]
The method for producing a chimeric mouse of the present invention will be described with specific examples. To produce a chimeric mouse from the ES cells established in the present invention, first, the stored ES cells have different growth rates for each lot. Since it is necessary to inject ES cells in the logarithmic growth phase for introduction into the host embryo, the growth rate of the lot is confirmed in advance, and cultured and grown to adjust. What is important in this culture is that the ES cells are not differentiated. For example, the step of culturing and proliferating the ES cells on the feeder cells was carried out using neomycin-resistant fibroblasts prepared from 14-day embryos of ICR strain mice. Care must be taken, for example, in a state where differentiation is suppressed by strictly controlling the number of cells to be seeded and passage time on the feeder.
[0029]
Next, ES cells in the logarithmic growth phase are introduced into a host embryo. The ES cells are introduced by, for example, injecting ES cells into 8-cell embryos of ICR strain mice. A chimeric embryo is produced by injection of the ES cell. At this time, the number of ES cells to be injected is 2 to 12, but the number is adjusted according to the cell growth rate. Since the chimera contribution rate varies depending on the number of ES cells to be injected, as many cells as possible are injected. This can increase the efficiency of ES cell differentiation into germ cells. In addition, it is extremely important to obtain a certain result by using an ES cell-specific medium and not exposing it to another medium during the operation of injecting ES cells into embryos or culturing chimeric embryos. As a medium exclusively for ES cells, for example, based on DMEM high glucose, 18% GIBCO KNOCKOUT-SR, 0.1 mM MEM non-essential amino acid, 0.1 mM β-mercaptoethanol, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1000 u A medium (KO-ES medium) supplemented with / ml LIF (ESGRO) is particularly preferred. The selection of the GIBCO KNOCKOUT-SR lot is very important, and it is necessary to select a lot that has low toxicity to ES cells, low differentiation tendency, and fast cell proliferation.
[0030]
In the present invention, when a C57BL / 6 strain-derived ES cell and an ICR mouse embryo are combined as a host embryo, there is an advantage that the chimera rate can be easily distinguished by the coat color.
Among the chimeric mice produced by the above method, germline inheritance occurs with high efficiency from individuals with hair color and ES cell contribution rate of 80% or more. In particular, when behavioral analysis is performed using a transgenic mouse, it is considered that C57BL / 6 strain ES cells are required, and the usefulness of this cell is high.
The greatest point of the present invention is that the C57BL / 6N strain-derived ES cell line established by the present invention is efficiently a germline chimera. Most of the C57BL / 6-derived ES cells reported so far could not be germline chimeras. In that sense, this established cell line itself is valuable.
[0031]
Furthermore, the method of the present invention has made it possible to efficiently produce germline chimeric mice from ES cells. It has become possible to efficiently produce germline chimeric mice from C57BL / 6-derived ES cell lines by optimizing cell culture conditions and culture conditions of embryos that have been injected with ES cells. It depends. The following is a list of important points when producing the chimeric mouse of the present invention.
1) The medium used when ES cells are established is used for both the culture of ES cells to be injected into embryos and the culture of embryos. That is, the same medium is used to perform ES cell culture and embryo culture under the same conditions. The same medium is used under the microscope for injecting ES cells into the embryo.
2) Inject ES cells into 8 cell stage embryos. ES cells to be injected are produced from a frozen stock in KO-ES medium and used in the logarithmic growth phase. Pay attention to the pH of the medium, do not delay the timing of medium replacement, and keep the temperature of the medium at the time of replacement at 37 ° C.
[0032]
3) Since the pH of the medium changes considerably quickly when ES cells are injected into embryos, the medium that has been covered with mineral oil and equilibrated with a carbon dioxide incubator is frequently replaced, or the medium is frequently replaced. Also, the time for raising the embryo to the stage for injecting ES cells should be within 10 minutes.
4) The number of ES cells to be injected is 2 to 12, but the number is initially determined to determine the number of cells that can be taken by individuals with a high chimera rate (generally, when a certain number of cells are injected, the development stops halfway, As the chimera rate increases, the number of pups decreases. The number of injections varies from frozen stock to frozen stock and must be confirmed for each stock.
5) Immediately place the embryo after injection into the KO-ES medium and return to the carbon dioxide incubator.
On the next day, the embryo that has developed to the blastocyst is selected and transferred to the uterus of the foster parent who has been pseudopregnant.
All of these operations are necessary for suppressing the differentiation of ES cells and mixing them well with the recipient embryo (to make a chimeric embryo). It is important that each operation is performed consistently unless there is something special.
[0033]
The method for producing a chimeric mouse of the present invention basically includes an ES cell line having the ability to differentiate from an inbred mouse C57BL / 6-derived germline cell established in the present invention, or genetically characterizing the cell line. The transformed ES cell line is cultured and propagated using ES cell medium and feeder cell medium. On the other hand, host embryos previously collected by mating male and female mice for embryo supply are cultured using ES cell medium. The ES cells are introduced into a host embryo prepared in advance, and the host embryo into which the ES cell line has been introduced is transplanted into the uterus of a temporary parent female mouse that has been pseudopregnant.
In the present invention, the main points in producing a chimeric mouse using an ES cell line having germline cell differentiation ability derived from the inbred mouse C57BL / 6 of the present invention are exemplified below.
[0034]
(1) Preparation of ES cells
The growth rate of stored ES cells varies from one frozen lot to another. Since it is necessary to use cells in the logarithmic growth phase (60 to 80% confluent) for injection of ES cells into embryos, the growth rate of the frozen lot is confirmed in advance.
<Key points>
1) Remove frozen cell stock from liquid nitrogen container.
2) Place the tube in an incubator preheated to 42 ° C., quickly lyse, and suspend the cell suspension in 5 ml KO-ES medium previously placed in a 15 ml tube with a Pasteur pipette before warming up. .
3) Centrifuge at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes at room temperature.
4) After removing the supernatant and tapping the cell pellet, it is suspended in 5 ml of KO-ES medium.
[0035]
5) One 25cm piece prepared in advance 2 Remove feeder bottle medium and seed cell suspension.
6) After 24 hours, change the medium with KO-ES medium. After that, pay attention to the pH of the medium and try to replace the medium early (change the medium before the color of the medium changes from vermilion to yellow). Incubate for about 2 days until cells are 60-80% confluent. In the meantime, the medium is changed once a day twice or more as needed. (Do not change the medium before the medium color changes from vermilion to yellow).
7) On the morning of the injection, wash with EDTA-PBS, add 0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin solution, and tilt the bottle to spread the solution over the entire surface.
8) CO 2 Warm for 3 minutes in the incubator.
9) Tap the sides to remove the cells evenly (confirm with the naked eye that the white (cells) actually peel off.)
[0036]
10) Add 5 ml of KO-ES medium + 20% FCS, pipette 3 times with a fine pipette, and transfer the cell suspension to a conical tube. At this time, the flask is kept as it is (KO-ES medium + 20% FCS is set to KO-ES medium: FCS = 4: 1. This treatment completely stops the trypsin activity).
11) Centrifuge at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes at room temperature.
12) After removing the supernatant and tapping the cell pellet, resuspend in 5 ml of KO-ES medium. The suspension was poured into the flask that had been placed and CO 2 was removed. 2 Warm for 30 minutes in the incubator. (Work to remove feeder cells, most of the feeder cells adhere to the flask surface)
13) CO 2 Remove the flask gently from the incubator, take about 3 ml of cell suspension into a conical tube while gently tilting the flask, and close the lid tightly on ice.
14) When 20 minutes before the injection, take 2.0 ml of the cell suspension in a 2.5 cm dish and place it on ice.
[0037]
(2) Injection of ES cells into embryos
ES cells that have reached the logarithmic growth phase are injected into the host embryo.
<Key points>
1) A 10 mm hole is made in the center of a slide glass having a thickness of 1.2 mm, and a mouse embryo manipulation container whose portion is covered with the slide glass is lightly siliconized.
2) In the center of the embryo manipulation container, make a drop with 80-100 μl of KO-ES medium and cover it with mineral oil.
3) Place the collected 8-cell embryos into 10 drops.
4) About 1000 ES cells are taken from an ice-cooled dish with a micropipette and spread to the vicinity of the embryo.
[0038]
5) Aspirate 50-100 ES cells that are circular and well-shaped in the injection needle.
6) Suck the 8-cell embryo with a holding pipette and insert the injection needle into the zona pellucida. At this time, pay close attention not to damage the blast ball.
7) Inject 2-12 ES cells into embryos. Since the number of cells varies from cell line to cell line, select a ratio where many individuals with a high chimera rate appear.
8) Pull out the needle slowly so that ES cells do not leak.
9) Immediately after 10 strikes, the embryo is 2 Rinse with KO-ES medium stored in incubator and transfer into KO-ES medium drops. The number of embryos should be 10-15 per drop. The maximum time that the embryo can be removed from the incubator is 10 minutes.
[0039]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations.
[important point]
When producing chimeric mice, the most important thing in culturing ES cells is not to differentiate ES cells. For that purpose, it is important to always pay attention to the growth state and morphology of the cells. In addition, it is necessary to use dedicated reagents and instruments used for culture.
In this example, the ES cell line was consistently used in the medium dedicated to ES cells used at the time of establishment, and the number of cells to be seeded and passaged on a neomycin-resistant fibroblast feeder prepared from ICR mouse 14-day embryos. The differentiation of ES cells was suppressed by strictly controlling the generation time. Care was taken to maintain predetermined values for the temperature and pH of the medium.
[0040]
[Composition and usage of reagents and solutions]
The composition of the reagents and the like used in this example and the preparation method thereof are as follows. As the water, ultrapure water for reagent preparation (Milli Q water) or equivalent pure water was used. A PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) filter having a pore diameter of 0.22 μm was used for filter sterilization, and autoclave sterilization was performed at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes.
DMEM medium is GIBCO's 12100-061: Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (high glucose) 13.37 g dissolved in 950 mL D.W. Three 3.7g dissolved, adjusted to pH 7.3 with 1N HCl to a final volume of 1L, β-mercaptoethanol solution, SIGMA M7522: 7μL of β-mercaptoethanol was mixed with 10mL of DW. The LIF solution was manufactured by CHEMICON ESG1107: ESGRO 10 7 Unit (1 mL) mixed with 9 mL of BSA solution, BSA solution was prepared by dissolving SIGMA A7906: Albumin Bovine fraction V in PBS to a final concentration of 1% (w / v). A filter sterilized later was used.
[0041]
The feeder medium used was a mixture of DMEM medium and FCS (GIBCO 16141-079 (lot. No. 1002467) Fetal bovine serum, ES cell qualified) in a final concentration of 10%.
PBS is NaCl 8.0g, KCl 0.2g, Na 2 HPO Four (-12H 2 O) 2.9 g and KH 2 PO Four 0.2 g was dissolved in D.W., adjusted to pH 7.3 to a final volume of 1 L, EDTA-PBS was EDTA-2Na (-2H 2 O) 2.2 g, NaCl 8.0 g, KCl 0.2 g, Na 2 HPO Four (-12H 2 O) 2.9 g and KH 2 PO Four 0.2 g was dissolved in D.W., adjusted to pH 7.3 with 1N NaOH, and the final volume was adjusted to 1 L, both of which were autoclaved after preparation.
[0042]
The 0.25% trypsin solution was obtained by melting GIBCO 15090-046: 2.5% Trypsin and diluting 10-fold with EDTA-PBS. The 0.1% trypsin solution was further diluted with EDTA-PBS. What was diluted 5 times was used.
As a 0.1% gelatin solution, 1 g of G6144: Gelatin type A from Porcine skin manufactured by SIGMA was added to 1 L of DW, and dissolved and sterilized in an autoclave.
KO-ES medium consists of Knockout-DMEM (GIBCO 10829-018) 180 mL, non-essential amino acid solution (GIBCO 11140-050: 10 mM MEM non-essential amino acids solution) 2 mL, β-mercaptoethanol solution 2 mL, LIF solution 0.2 mL, Knockout-SR (GIBCO 10828-028: Lot-to-lot variation requires lot check) 40 mL and L-glutamine solution (GIBCO 25030-081: 200 mM L-glutamine ) Freezing medium with 1.8 mM 200 mM was prepared just before using DMSO (SIGMA D2650: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Sterile filtered) to a final concentration of 10% in a medium suitable for each cell type. All of them were sterilized by filtration after preparation.
[0043]
The mitomycin C solution was prepared by dissolving SIGMA M0530: Mitomycin C, from Streptomyces caespitosus in D.W. to a final concentration of 1 mg / mL. The G418 solution was GIBCO 11811-098: Geneticin with a final concentration of 50 mg / ML (titer) was dissolved in DW, and all were sterilized by filtration after preparation. As the G418 selection medium, a medium obtained by adding a G418 solution to an ES medium to a final concentration of 175 μg / mL was used. Penicillin-streptomycin-PBS used was GIBCO 15070-063: Penicillin-Streptomycin diluted 100-fold with PBS immediately before use.
[0044]
Serotropin (serum gonadotropin for injection in Japan Pharmacopeia: 1000 units / tube manufactured by Teikoku Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and gonatropin (placental gonadotropin for injection in Japan Pharmacopeia: 1000 units / tube manufactured by Teikoku Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) ) Was dissolved in an ampoule using 2 mL of 0.6% NaCl (sterilized by autoclaving) to which each one of cellotropin and gonatropin was attached, and finally each was adjusted to 50 units / 2 mL. The solution in the ampoule was transferred to a 2 mL Eppendorf tube with a 2.5 mL syringe, and further 100 mL was dispensed into 20 2 mL Eppendorf tubes and stored at −20 ° C. until use.
[0045]
[Preparation of feeder cell stock]
(Preparation of mouse primary cultured cells)
A homozygous male mouse of GluRε1 knockout mouse (Nature 373,151-155,1995) having a neomycin resistance gene and a female ICR mouse were mated, and the mating plug (vaginal plug) was confirmed the next morning, and this time point was E0.5 days ( 0.5 day embryo). E13.5-15.5 days of fetuses pregnant female mice dislocated the cervical vertebrae, soaked the whole body in 70% ethanol, then removed the fetus from the uterus in a clean bench, removed the membrane and placenta, and transferred to a new dish did. The fetus from which hematopoietic tissues such as liver and heart and red tissue containing blood were removed as much as possible was transferred to a new dish, and the tissue finely cut with a curved scissors was suspended in a small amount of PBS (−), and then the tissue suspension was 50 mL. Collected in a conical tube. To this tissue suspension, 20 mL of PBS-EDTA solution containing 0.1% trypsin was added to 10 13.5 day embryos, 14.5 day embryos, and 15.5 day embryos. Then, the mixture was gently rotated for 10 to 15 minutes at room temperature with a rotator, and the liquid was pipetted several times with a pipette having a large diameter and allowed to stand for 1 minute.
[0046]
After this operation was repeated twice, the unseparated tissue and large tissue mass remaining as precipitates were saved, the supernatant was transferred to a new conical tube, and the number of cells was measured with a hemocytometer. The obtained cell solution was centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes at 4 ° C., and the number of 10 cm dishes to be seeded was determined by predicting the yield from the amount of precipitate (1 × 10 10 per dish). 6 about cells, 10 mL). This precipitate was suspended in a feeder medium and seeded on a 10 cm dish as “lot 1”, and the validity of the expected yield was confirmed by microscopic observation. Furthermore, “lot 2” was obtained from the remaining unseparated tissue and large tissue mass in the same manner as described above. The same operation as described above was repeated until the unseparated tissue component disappeared or the viscosity of the solution increased due to the leakage of the genome and the cells could not be separated, and lots 3 and after were obtained. The next day, it was observed with a microscope to confirm the survival rate, and a lot with extremely low survival rate was discarded at this point. In addition, the culture medium was exchanged with a feeder medium 12 to 16 hours after seeding on the dish, and when it reached confluence, it was subcultured to 3 or 4 per dish and then frozen.
[0047]
(Production of feeder (bottle, dish, plate))
One feeder cell frozen stock tube was immersed in a 42 ° C. warm bath and thawed, suspended in 4 mL of the feeder medium, and then centrifuged at 4 ° C. and 1200 rpm for 3 minutes. The supernatant is removed, and the pellet is suspended in 10 mL of feeder medium per 10 cm dish, and then directly seeded on a 10 cm dish with the bottom covered with a 0.1% gelatin solution for 2 hours or more until the cells reach confluence. Culture was performed. When the cells reach confluence, add 100 μL of 1 mg / mL mitomycin C solution to the culture supernatant, further incubate for 2 hours or more, then detach the cells by 0.25% trypsin treatment, add feeder medium, and finally Cell density is about 2 × 10 Five A cell suspension was prepared so as to be cells / mL. In a culture vessel whose bottom surface is previously covered with a 0.1% gelatin solution for 2 hours or more, a prescribed amount of the obtained cell suspension (10 mL for a 10 cm dish, 25 cm) 2 5 mL bottle, 2 mL 3.5 cm dish, and 0.5 mL for 1 well of a 24-well multiwell) 2 The cells were allowed to stand in an incubator for 6 hours or more, and after confirming that the cells had sufficiently grown and expanded, ES cells were seeded.
[0048]
[Culture and passage of ES cells]
(Pre-culture of ES cells)
One ES cell frozen stock tube (2.5-5.0 × 10 Five cells) are immersed in a 42 ° C. warm bath and thawed, and the cell suspension is suspended in 5 mL of KO-ES medium previously placed in a 15 mL tube with a Pasteur pipette, and then centrifuged at 4 ° C. and 1200 rpm for 3 minutes. It was. Next, after removing the supernatant and tapping the cell precipitate, the suspension was suspended in 5 mL of KO-ES medium, and a 25 cm piece prepared by the above method and having the medium removed. 2 The cell suspension was seeded in a feeder bottle and cultured for about 2 days until the cells reached confluence. 2 to 4 hours after the last medium change, the medium was removed, washed with 5 mLEDTA-PBS, 0.5 mL of 0.25% trypsin solution was added to detach the cells, and then KO-ES medium containing 20% FCS was added. Was added three times with a fine-neck pipette (5 mL glass pipette), the cell suspension was transferred to a conical tube, and centrifuged at 1200 rpm at 4 ° C. for 3 minutes. After removing the supernatant and tapping the cell precipitate, it is suspended in an appropriate amount of KO-ES medium, and finally the cell density is about 0.2 × 10 × 10. Five A necessary amount of KO-ES medium was added to adjust to cells / mL. The obtained cell suspension was previously prepared by the above method, and the medium was removed 25 cm. 2 5 mL was seeded per feeder bottle.
[0049]
(Preparation of frozen stock of ES cells)
After changing the medium 2 hours before the freezing operation, the medium was removed, washed with 5 mL EDTA-PBS, and 0.5 mL of a 0.25% trypsin solution was added to detach the cells. The cells were suspended by adding 4.5 mL of KO-ES medium containing 20% FCS, the cell density was calculated, and then centrifuged at 1200 rpm at 4 ° C. for 3 minutes. The supernatant is removed and the cell density is 5 × 10 6 A necessary amount of freezing medium was added so as to be cells / mL, the pellet was suspended, and 0.5 to 1.0 mL was dispensed per cell freezing tube. The tube was stored in a bicell that had been refrigerated at 4 ° C in advance, frozen in a -80 ° C freezer for 6 hours or more, and then transferred to a liquid nitrogen tank and stored until use.
[0050]
[Production of chimeric mice]
(Preparation of ES cells)
The growth rate of ES cells varies from one frozen lot to another. In order to use cells in the logarithmic growth phase (60-80% confluent) for injection into embryos, it is necessary to confirm the growth rate of the frozen lot in advance.
Cell stocks that have been confirmed and stored after gene recombination are quickly lysed by placing them in an incubator that has been pre-warmed to 42 ° C., and the cell suspension is put into a 5 mL KO-ES medium with a Pasteur pipette before warming. After centrifugation at 1200 rpm and room temperature for 3 minutes, the supernatant is removed and the cell precipitate is tapped. Then, a cell suspension suspended in 5 mL of KO-ES medium is prepared in advance and the medium is removed. 25cm 2 Sown in feeder bottles.
[0051]
After 24 hours of seeding, the medium was changed with the KO-ES medium, and the cells were cultured for about 2 days until the cells reached 60-80% confluence while paying attention to the pH of the medium. On the day of injection, the cells were washed with EDTA-PBS, 0.25% trypsin was added to detach the cells, 5 mL KO-ES medium containing 20% FCS was added to stop trypsin activity, and a cell suspension was prepared. did. After centrifuging at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes at room temperature to remove the supernatant and tapping the cell precipitate, the suspension is suspended in 5 mL of KO-ES medium. 2 Feeder cells were removed by heating for 30 minutes in an incubator. CO 2 Gently remove the flask from the incubator, take approximately 3 mL of the cell suspension into a conical tube while gently tilting the flask, place the lid tightly on ice with the lid tightly closed, and add 2 to a 2.5 cm dish 20 minutes before injection. 0.0 mL of cell suspension was taken and placed on ice.
[0052]
(Injection into embryo)
A 10 mm hole is drilled in the center of a 1.2 mm thick slide glass, and a mouse embryo manipulation container covered with the slide glass is lightly siliconized, and 80-100 μL of KO-ES is placed in the center of the embryo manipulation container. Drops were made with medium and covered with mineral oil. Place the collected 8-cell embryos into 10 drops, take about 1000 ES cells from an ice-cold dish with a micropipette, spread them in the vicinity of the embryo, and then place the ES cells in a circular shape on the injection needle. 50 to 100 pieces were sucked out. The 8-cell embryo was sucked with a holding pipette, and an injection needle was inserted into the zona pellucida while paying close attention so as not to damage the blastomere. Two to twelve ES cells were injected into embryos. Since the number of cells varies from cell line to cell line, select a ratio in which a large number of individuals with a high chimera rate appear, pull out the needle slowly so that ES cells do not leak, and immediately after 10 shots, the embryo is immediately placed at 37 ° C. 2 After rinsing with KO-ES medium stored in an incubator, 10-15 embryos per drop were transferred into KO-ES medium drops.
[0053]
(Preparation for egg collection)
Dilute one cellotropin (50 units / 100 μL) with 1.9 mL of 0.6% NaCl. The liquid was sucked with a 1 mL syringe with a 26 G needle, and 200 μL / mouse (5 units / mouse) was injected into the abdominal cavity of a 4-week-old female C57BL / 6NCrj mouse [Day 1 at 17:00]. 48 hours later, one gonatropin (50 units / 100 μL) was diluted with 1.9 mL of 0.6% NaCl, the liquid was sucked with a 1 mL syringe with a 26 G needle, and 200 μl / animal (5 units / mouse) was treated with a serototropin-treated female. C57BL / 6NCrj mice were administered intraperitoneally. Immediately after injection, 8-9 week old male C57BL / 6NCrj mice were mated at a ratio of male: female = 1: 1 [17:00 on day 3] and the plug was confirmed the next morning and separated from the male (10 Confirmed by time) [Day 4: 9:00].
[0054]
(2.5 day embryo collection: morning of day 6)
On the day before egg collection, make KO-ES medium drops covered with mineral oil and KO-ES medium in a 3.5 cm dish, 2 Prepared in the incubator. Female C57BL / 6NCrj mice with confirmed plugs were dislocated from the cervical spine, and the epithelium was disinfected with 70% EtOH. Lift the abdominal fur with tweezers (INOX No. 5) so as not to cut the fascia, cut the scissors with scissors, peel the epithelium with hands, open the fascia with ophthalmic scissors, oviduct and oviduct junction From 3 to 5 mm, the uterus was cut out with scissors for ophthalmology. Transfer the oviduct and uterus to M2 medium (SIGMA M5910), wash away the excess blood and tissues, transfer the oviduct and uterus to the watch glass, fill the 1 mL syringe with M2 medium, attach an irrigation needle, A 27G perfusion needle was inserted into the fallopian tube and about 200 μL perfused. The watch glass was gently spun, and the embryos that perfused were collected in the center of the dish and collected with a capillary pipette. Wash the embryo again with M2 medium, 37 ° C CO 2 Wash with KO-ES medium stored in the incubator and transfer to KO-ES medium drops. 2 Cultured in an incubator.
[0055]
(Embryo transfer to the uterus)
One male ICR mouse was ligated and mated and confirmed to be infertile beforehand, and then mated with one female ICR mouse in estrus, and the plug was confirmed the next day. For transplantation of blastocyst embryos, pseudopregnant mice on day 2.5 were used, and 0.3 mL of Nembutal diluted solution per 20 g body weight (50 mg / mL stock solution diluted 10-fold with 0.6% NaCl solution) After the hair was cut into the abdominal cavity, the back was disinfected with alcohol cotton, and the back skin was excised about 1 cm in the midline where the spine was slightly recessed from the protruding part of the spine. The skin was sufficiently peeled from the fascia at the back of the skin. Using ovarian stealth that can be seen through the fascia as a guideline, place a cut of about 0.3 to 0.5 mm perpendicular to the body axis in the fascia close to the spine on the left and right sides, and insert tweezers into the body through the cut. I humiliated and returned to the womb. Under a stereomicroscope, about 10 chimera embryos that had been cultured were taken into a capillary pipette for embryo manipulation, and an air bubble as a mark was inserted at this time.
[0056]
A chimeric embryo obtained by injecting ES cells into an ICR mouse 8-cell stage embryo was cultured in a KO-ES medium drop for about 24 hours, and a developmentally developed blastocyst was used for intrauterine transplantation. Place the mouse under a stereomicroscope, make a hole so that the 26G needle should be inserted diagonally at about 5 mm from the upper end of the uterus and not penetrate it, and insert the tip of the capillary pipette for embryo manipulation into the hole, so that the tip is smooth in the uterus. After confirming that it can be taken in and out, embryos were injected using air bubbles as a guide, and the uterus was returned to the body by grabbing fat. On the other side, embryos were transplanted in the same manner as described above. After sewing one fascia incision, the skin was closed with an auto clipper, kept warm with a paraffin stretcher until it awakened from anesthesia, and then returned to the cage.
[0057]
(ES cell RENKA strain assay)
The number of ES cells (RENKA strain) injected into the ICR mouse embryo was divided into 3 to 5 groups, 6 to 8 groups, and 9 to 11 groups, and each was transplanted to a temporary parent. Among these, the cell line in which male 100% chimeras frequently appeared and the number of cells at that time were determined (Table 1). Germline inheritance was confirmed by mating 100% chimeras with female ICR and discriminating the color of the pups born. The chimera rate was determined by the percentage of black (derived from the ES cell RENKA strain) remaining in the total hair color. As a result, germline inheritance was observed in all of the five confirmed 100% chimeric mice.
[0058]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004456324
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it becomes possible to establish an ES cell line having a germ line cell differentiation ability derived from an inbred mouse C57BL / 6 strain. By using this ES cell line to produce a chimeric mouse, It became possible to produce inbred mouse C57BL / 6 germline chimeric mice, which had been difficult to produce inherited chimeric mice. The inbred mouse C57BL / 6 in the present invention is a general-purpose inbred mouse, and the fact that it has become possible to produce a chimeric mouse that inherits its germline, introduced a mutation into the gene region of this mouse, When the mouse is backcrossed, it is possible to avoid mating of other strains of mice, and thus it is possible to produce a pure mouse of the introduced gene region without crossing the gene region. Thus, the creation of a chimeric mouse that inherits the germline of an inbred mouse whose genetic background does not become a problem makes it easy to introduce a mutant gene region when creating a knockout mouse or a transgenic mouse, In addition, since the inbred mouse C57BL / 6 is a general-purpose mouse suitable for behavioral analysis, which is necessary for analyzing higher-order functions of the brain, for example, it is great for analyzing these biological functions at the molecular level. A contribution can be expected.

Claims (5)

(a)次の(b)工程における胚の発生段階及び採取時期を管理された条件で正確に行うために、近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrjの雌雄を交配するに際して、雌のマウスに性腺刺激ホルモンを投与して近交系マウスC57BL/6の雌雄を交配する工程、(b)該雌のマウスから受精後胚盤胞形成前の胚を2.5日胚の時期において採取し、イン ビトロ、KO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地中で培養する工程、(c)該培養胚のうち胚盤胞まで発生が進んだ胚を分離し、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(d)該培養胚からES様形態で生育しているものの細胞塊を採取し、該細胞塊をトリプシンを含有するKO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地を用いて分散した後、フィーダー細胞培地中に播種して培養する工程、(e)該(d)の工程を繰り返した後、周りに分化した細胞が認められないコロニーを選択する工程、及び(f)該コロニーをKO−ES培地からなるES細胞用培地を用いて継代培養し増殖した後、凍結保存する工程、からなることを特徴とする近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrj由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株の樹立方法。  (A) When mating male and female of inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj in order to accurately perform embryo development stage and collection time in the following step (b) under controlled conditions, gonadal stimulating hormone is applied to female mice. (B) mating males and females of inbred mouse C57BL / 6, and (b) collecting embryos after fertilization and before blastocyst formation from the female mice at the time of embryonic day 2.5, (C) a step of culturing in an ES cell medium comprising a KO-ES medium, (c) isolating an embryo whose development has progressed to a blastocyst from the cultured embryo, seeding and culturing in a feeder cell medium, d) A cell mass of a cell that grows in an ES-like form is collected from the cultured embryo, and the cell mass is dispersed using an ES cell medium comprising a KO-ES medium containing trypsin, and then in a feeder cell medium. Seed and culture (E) after repeating the step (d), selecting a colony in which no differentiated cells are found, and (f) using the ES cell medium comprising the KO-ES medium for the colony. A method for establishing an ES cell line having the ability to differentiate from inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj-derived germline cells, comprising the steps of: (g)請求項1に記載のES細胞株の樹立方法により近交系マウスC57BL/6NCrj由来生殖系列細胞分化能を有するES細胞株を樹立し、或いは該樹立したES細胞株を遺伝子工学的に形質転換し、該ES細胞株或いは該樹立したES細胞株を遺伝子工学的に形質転換したES細胞株を、ES細胞株の樹立において用いたES細胞用培地と同一の培地であるKO−ES培地及びフィーダー細胞を用いて培養・増殖する工程、(h)予め胚供給用雌雄のマウスを交配して採取した宿主胚を、ES細胞株の樹立において用いたES細胞用培地と同一の培地であるKO−ES培地を用いて培養する工程、(i)(g)工程で調製したES細胞株を、(h)工程で調製した宿主胚に導入する工程、及び(j)ES細胞株を導入した宿主胚を偽妊娠させた仮親用雌マウスの子宮に移植する工程によりキメラマウスを作製することを特徴とするキメラマウスの作製方法。(G) Establishing an ES cell line having the ability to differentiate from inbred mouse C57BL / 6NCrj-derived germline cells by the ES cell line establishment method according to claim 1 , or genetically engineering the established ES cell line The KO-ES medium, which is the same medium as the ES cell medium used in the establishment of the ES cell line, the transformed ES cell line or the ES cell line genetically transformed from the established ES cell line And a step of culturing and proliferating using feeder cells, (h) a host embryo previously collected by mating male and female mice for embryo supply is the same medium as the ES cell medium used in the establishment of the ES cell line Culturing using KO-ES medium, (i) introducing the ES cell line prepared in step (g) into the host embryo prepared in (h) step, and (j) introducing the ES cell line Fake host embryo The method of making chimeric mouse characterized in that to produce chimeric mice by implanting into the uterus of a female mouse foster mother which is 娠. ES細胞をフィーダー細胞上で培養・増殖する工程を、ICR系統マウスの14日胚より調製したネオマイシン耐性線維芽細胞フィーダー上で、播種する細胞数と継代時期を厳密に制御して分化を抑制した状態で行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のキメラマウスの作製方法。The process of culturing and proliferating ES cells on feeder cells is controlled on the neomycin-resistant fibroblast feeder prepared from embryonic day 14 of ICR strain mice, and the differentiation is controlled by strictly controlling the number of cells to be seeded and the passage time. The method for producing a chimeric mouse according to claim 2 , wherein the method is carried out in a state of being performed. (i)工程において、ES細胞株を8細胞期の宿主胚へ注入することを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載のキメラマウスの作製方法。The method for producing a chimeric mouse according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein in step (i), the ES cell line is injected into a host embryo at the 8-cell stage. ES細胞株を導入する宿主胚として、ICR系統のマウスの胚を用いることを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載のキメラマウスの作製方法。The method for producing a chimeric mouse according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein an ICR strain mouse embryo is used as a host embryo into which an ES cell line is introduced.
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