JP4454235B2 - Impact wrench - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4454235B2
JP4454235B2 JP2003034597A JP2003034597A JP4454235B2 JP 4454235 B2 JP4454235 B2 JP 4454235B2 JP 2003034597 A JP2003034597 A JP 2003034597A JP 2003034597 A JP2003034597 A JP 2003034597A JP 4454235 B2 JP4454235 B2 JP 4454235B2
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hammer
driver
cam surface
anvil cylinder
engagement piece
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JP2003034597A
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JP2004243451A (en
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禎之 中川
晃規 中村
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Kuken Co Ltd
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Kuken Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ねじの締め付け作業や緩め作業に使用するインパクトレンチであって、特に、回転力伝達部分の磨損を防止して長期間に亘り安定した打撃力を得ることができるインパクトレンチに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
インパクトレンチは図6に示すように、ケーシング11の後端部内に配設したモータ(図示せず)の回転駆動によって円板形状のドライバ12を一体に回転させ、このドライバ12の外周部に設けている凹部12a の側端面に形成したカム面12b にハンマ13の後端中央部に形成している係合片13a の側端面13b を係合させてハンマ13をアンビル胴14の周り回転させる。
【0003】
そして、このアンビル胴14の外周側部に形成しているV字状の衝合面14a に上記ハンマ13の側端部に形成している角部13c を衝突させることによってアンビル胴14に回転打撃力を与え、この回転打撃力でもってアンビルの先端部でねじの締め付けや戻しを行うように構成している(例えば、特許文献1、2参照)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開昭62−218074号公報(第2頁、第2図)
【特許文献2】
実公昭64−289号公報(第1、2頁、第2図)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のインパクトレンチにおいては、ハンマ13の後端中央部に形成している係合片13a の側端面13b にドライバ12の凹部12a の側端面に形成しているカム面12b を直接、当接させて互いに滑り係合させることにより、ハンマ13をその中心軸13d 周りに回動させてその角部13c をアンビル胴14の衝合面14aから外すように構成しているため、ドライバ12のカム面12b とハンマ13の係合片13a とがねじの締めつけ又は緩め作業時に頻繁に行われる上記滑り係合によって磨耗が促進され、円滑な作動が行えなくなるという問題点がある。
【0006】
即ち、ドライバ12のカム面12b とハンマ13の係合片13a との摩損による変形状態によっては、ハンマ13の角部13c がアンビル胴14の衝合面14a に衝突してこのアンビル胴14に打撃回転力を与える時に、ハンマ13をその中心軸13d 周りにハンマ13の角部13c の端面がアンビル胴14の衝合面14a から外れる方向に滑らせながら衝突させる所謂「すべり打ち」現象が生じて適正な打撃を行うことができない事態が発生する。
【0007】
また、これとは逆に、ドライバ12のカム面12b によってハンマ13の係合片13aを押圧しても、ハンマ13がその中心軸13d 周りに回動し難い形状に磨耗する場合もあり、この場合には打撃が停止してしまう所謂「引っ掛かり」現象が生じる虞れがあった。
【0008】
さらに、ドライバ12のカム面12b とハンマ13の係合片13a との滑り係合によって潤滑剤がドライバ12のカム面12b やハンマ13の係合片13a から擦り落とされたり、また、遠心力によって周囲に飛散したりして、ドライバ12のカム面12b とハンマ13の係合片13a の摩損が一層促進し、インパクトレンチが適正な打撃を行うことができなくなると共に、その耐用期間がさらに短くなるという問題点があった。
【0009】
本発明は上記のような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、互いに係合するドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片との摩損を防止して長期間に亘り、安定した適正な打撃が行えるインパクトレンチを提供するにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明のインパクトレンチは、請求項1に記載したように、外周部に、対向する両側面をカム面に形成したコ字状の凹部を形成している円板形状のドライバの中心部をモータの回転軸に一体に連結していると共に、アンビル胴を囲むように配設している円筒形状のハンマ枠の内周面に、両側端部に上記アンビル胴の外周面両側部に形成しているV字溝状の衝合面に係合する角部を有するアーチ状のハンマの中心軸を回動自在に支持させ、このハンマの後端中央部に上記ドライバに形成している上記凹部よりも幅狭い係合片を一体に形成してこの係合片を凹部内に介在させていると共に該係合片の両側端面を凹部の上記カム面に対向させてあり、上記モータの駆動によりドライバを回転させてそのカム面に上記ハンマの係合片の側端面を係合させることにより、ハンマをドライバと一体にアンビル胴周りに回転させると共に、このアンビル胴の上記衝合面に上記ハンマの角部を衝突させてアンビル胴に回転打撃力を与えるようにしたインパクトレンチにおいて、上記ドライバのカム面に溝を設けてこの溝に円柱形状の鋼製ローラからなる転動体をその軸方向をハンマの中心軸に平行に向け且つ一部をカム面から突出させた状態にして回転自在に取付け、この転動体を介してドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片の側端面とを係合させるように構成していると共に、上記溝内に潤滑剤が溜められていてこの潤滑剤によってハンマの上記係合片の側端面の潤滑状態を維持させるように構成している。
【0011】
このように構成したインパクトレンチにおいて、請求項2に係る発明は、ドライバのカム面に転動体を回転自在に取付けた構成に代えて、ハンマの係合片における両側端面に溝を設けてこの溝に転動体を取付けていることを特徴とする。
【0012】
【作用】
モータを駆動してこのモータの回転軸に中央部を一体に連結している円板形状のドライバを回転させると、このドライバの外周部に設けているカム面が転動体を介してハンマの後端中央部に形成している係合片の側端面に係合し、この状態でハンマがこのハンマの中心軸を回動自在に支持しているハンマ枠と共に一体に回転し、そのハンマの一側端部の内側に形成している角部をアンビル胴の外周部に形成している衝合面に係合させてアンビル胴に回転力を伝達し、このアンビル胴を有するアンビル先端に装着したソケット体に嵌合しているねじを回転させる。
【0013】
そして、ねじが座面に着座すると、アンビル胴側に抵抗トルクが発生してアンビル胴の回転が停止に近づき、ハンマの角部とアンビル胴の衝合面との係止力が弱くなって、ドライバの回転力がその係止力に打ち勝ってハンマをその中心軸周りに回動させ、ハンマの角部の側端面がアンビル胴の衝合面上を外方に滑りながら衝合面から外れる。
【0014】
この際、ドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片の側端面間に転動体を介在させているので、ドライバ側からの押圧力によって転動体をカム面又は係合片の側端面上を転動させながらハンマをその角部がアンビル胴の衝合面から外れる方向に回動させる。
【0015】
従って、ドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片は殆ど摩損することはなく、長期間の使用においても使用初期段階と同じ摩擦抵抗を維持することができると共に、カム面を形成しているドライバの凹部内の潤滑剤がカム面から擦り落とされることもなく、転動体を保持している溝内に溜められた潤滑剤によって、より一層積極的に潤滑状態が維持され、摩損防止に効果があり、転動体の潤滑状態が維持されて適正にして安定した打撃伝達が可能となるものである。
【0016】
アンビル胴の衝合面からハンマの角部が離脱すると、ハンマがドライバの回転力によってアンビル胴周りをフリーランニングしたのち、再び、その角部をアンビル胴の衝合面に衝突させてアンビル胴に打撃回転力を伝達し、この動作を繰り返し行ってねじの締め付け、又は、緩め作業を行うものである。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施の形態を図面について説明すると、図1はインパクトレンチの分解斜視図、図2はインパクトレンチの要部を断面した側面図であって、後端部に把手部1aを一体に設けているケーシング1の後部内にエアーモータ2を配設し、このエアーモータ2の回転軸2aの先端部に、ケーシング1の中央部内に配設している円板形状のドライバ3の中心ボス部をスプライン嵌合によって一体に連結している。
【0018】
なお、エアーモータ2は公知のように外部から把手部1a内に設けている空気供給通路(図示せず)を通じて圧縮空気を供給し、操作レバー8及び切換用バルブ(図示せず)を操作することよって圧縮空気により右方向又は左方向に高速回転させられる。
【0019】
さらに、上記ドライバ3の中心部とケーシング1の前端中心部との間にアンビル4を回転自在に支持していると共に、このアンビル4の後部に形成しているアンビル胴4aを囲むようにして円筒形状のハンマ枠5を配設し、このハンマ枠5の前後両端部をアンビル4の前端部と上記ドライバ3の外周面とに回転自在に支持させている。
【0020】
このハンマ枠5の内周面の一部には全長に亘って円弧状の保持溝5aが形成されていてこの保持溝5aにハンマ6の中心軸6aの外周面が回動自在に嵌合している。なお、このハンマ6の中心軸6aの前後両端部はハンマ枠5の前後端部に回動自在に支持されている。
【0021】
ハンマ6は図3に示すように、その中心軸6aから両側方に内方に向かって円弧状に湾曲したアーチ形状に形成されてあり、その両側端部の内側角部6b、6bの一方又は他方を上記アンビル胴4aの外周面両側部に形成しているV字溝状の衝合面4b、4bの一方又は他方に係合させることによってハンマ6の回転力をアンビル4に伝達するように構成している。
【0022】
また、上記ドライバ3の外周部には上向きコ字状の凹部3aを形成していると共にこの凹部3aの対向する両側面をカム面3b、3bに形成している一方、上記ハンマ6の後端中央部に上記凹部3aよりも幅狭い係合片6cを一体に形成してこの係合片6cを凹部3a内に介在させ、係合片6cの両側端面6d、6dを上記ドライバ3のカム面3b、3bに対向させてドライバ3の回転力をカム面3bから係合片6cの側端面6dを介してハンマ6に伝達するように構成している。
【0023】
なお、ハンマ6の上記係合片6cは中心軸6aの後端下方部に形成されていてその両側端面6d、6dを上記中心軸6aを挟むようにしてこの中心軸6aの両側方に配設されてある。従って、ドライバ3のカム面3bからの押圧力がこのカム面3bと対向する側端面6dに作用した時に、ハンマ6は中心軸6aを支点としてアンビル胴4aの衝合面4bに係止している角部6bを外方、即ち、衝合面4bから離脱する方向に回動するように構成されている。
【0024】
以上のように構成しているインパクトレンチの構造は公知であるが、本発明においては上記ドライバ3のカム面3b、3bに図3、図4に示すように円柱形状の鋼製ローラからなる転動体7、7をその軸方向をハンマ6の中心軸6aに平行に向け且つ一部がカム面3b、3bから突出させた状態にして回転自在に取付けているものであって、この転動体7を介してドライバ3のカム面3bとハンマ6の係合片6cの側端面6dとを係合させるようにしている。即ち、転動体7をハンマ6の係合片6cの側端面6dに当接させ、この側端面6d上で転動させながらハンマ6にドライバ3の押圧力を伝達するように構成している。
【0025】
このように構成したインパクトレンチの作用を述べると、ケーシング1の前端から突出しているアンビル4の先端角軸部にソケット体(図示せず)を装着してこのソケット体に嵌合したボルト等のねじを締め付ける場合、まず、エアーモータ2を作動させてその回転軸2aと一体に連結しているドライバ3をねじの締め付け方向に回転させると、回転開始時にこのドライバ3の一方のカム面3bに設けている転動体7がこの転動体7と対向しているハンマ6の係合片6cにおける一方の側端面6dに当接してドライバ3の回転をハンマ6に伝達する。
【0026】
さらに、ハンマ6がアンビル胴4aの周りを一回転する間に、ハンマ6の一方の角部6bがアンビル胴4aの外周面に接しながら移動する。そして、この一方の角部6bがアンビル胴4aの一方の衝合面4b側から離脱する際にこの衝合面4bの外側面によって外方に押され、ハンマ6を中心軸6aを支点として先にこの衝合面4b側から回転方向に離れている他方の角部6bを内方に移動させる方向に回動させ、この他方の角部6bをアンビル胴4aの他方の衝合面4bに衝突させて係止させ、ドライバ3の回転力をハンマ6を介してアンビル胴4aに伝達し、アンビル4の先端に装着したソケット体に嵌合しているねじを高速度で回転させる。
【0027】
そして、ねじが座面に着座すると、アンビル4に抵抗トルク(負荷)が発生してアンビル4の回転が停止に近づき、ハンマ6の角部6bとアンビル胴4aの衝合面4bとの係止力が弱くなって、ハンマ6の係合片6cにおける一方の側端面6dを押圧しているドライバ3の一方のカム面3bに装着した転動体7の押圧力が上記係止力に打ち勝ってハンマ6をその中心軸6aを支点として図3に示す状態から衝合面4bに係合している角部6bをこの衝合面4b上で滑らせながら外方に移動させて衝合面4bから外す。
【0028】
ドライバ3側からの押圧力によるハンマ6の回動は、上記転動体7をハンマ6の係合片6cにおける一方の側端面6dに押し付けた状態でこの一方の側端面6d上を外方に転動させながら行われ、従って、ハンマ6の一方の側端面6dは転動体7から殆ど摩擦力を受けることがなく、そのため殆ど摩損することもなく初期の形態を維持して長期間に亘り、安定した正確な作動を行うことができる。その上、転動体7はハンマ6の一方の側端面6d上を転動するものであるから、この一方の側端面6dに付着している潤滑剤は擦り落とされることもなく、転動体を保持している溝内に溜められた潤滑剤によってより一層積極的に潤滑状態が維持されて摩損防止に効果があり、転動体7の潤滑状態が維持されて適正にして安定した打撃伝達が可能となるものである。
【0029】
ハンマ6の角部6bがアンビル胴4aの衝合面4bから外れると、ドライバ3の回転力によってハンマ6がその一方の角部6bをドライバ3の円弧状に湾曲した外周面に摺接させながらアンビル胴4aの周りをフリーランニングする。
【0030】
このフリーランニング中にエアーモータ2の回転駆動力によってハンマ6が加速されると共に、上記一方の角部6bがアンビル胴4aの一方の衝合面4b側から離脱する際にこの衝合面4bの外側面によって外方に押され、ハンマ6を中心軸6aを支点として先にこの衝合面4b側から回転方向に離れている他方の角部6bを内方に移動させ、この他方の角部6bをアンビル胴4aの他方の衝合面4bに衝撃的に係合させてその打撃力によってアンビル4を一定角度だけねじの締め付け方向に回転させる。
【0031】
このねじの締付時に、アンビル4側にエアーモータ2の回転力以上の抵抗力が生じているので、アンビル4が上記ハンマ6側からの打撃力で一定角度だけ締付け方向に回転し終わった瞬間に、ハンマ6が締付け方向と反対方向にリバウンドし、そのリバウンド時にドライバ3側の転動体7とハンマ6の係合片6cにおける一方の側端面6dとが互いに押圧してこの一方の側端面6d上を転動体7が外方に転動しながらハンマ6を図3において反時計方向に回動させて上記他方の角部6bがアンビル胴4aの他方の衝合面4bに係止しない状態にする。
【0032】
この状態で、再び、ハンマ6がアンビル胴4aの周りをフリーランニングして上記同様に、その角部6bをアンビル胴4aの衝合面4bに衝撃的に係合させてアンビル4をさらに一定角度だけねじの締付け方向に回転させ、この作動を繰り返し行ってねじを所定の締付角度となるまで締め付けるものである。
【0033】
なお、ねじを緩めるには、上記エアーモータ2を逆方向に回転させてドライバ3の凹部3aにおける他方のカム面3bに回転自在に取付けている転動体7によってハンマ6の係合片6cにおける他側端面6dを押圧し、ハンマ6を介してこのハンマ6の一方の角部6bをアンビル胴4aの一方の衝合面4b上に係合させることによりドライバ3の回転力をアンビル胴4aに伝達することによって行われる。
【0034】
以上の実施の形態においては、転動体7をドライバ3の凹部3aの両側対向面に形成しているカム面3b、3bに取付けているが、図5に示すように、これらのカム面3b、3bに対向しているハンマ6の係合片6cにおける上記両側端面6d、6dに取付けておいてもよい。
【0035】
この場合は、転動体7が対向する上記カム面3bに当接、転動してドライバ3の回転力を上記実施の形態と同様にこの転動体7を介してハンマ6に伝達するものであり、カム面3bは殆ど摩損する虞れはなく、初期の形態を維持して長期間に亘り、安定した正確な作動を行うことができると共に、転動体7はカム面3b上を転動するものであるから、このカム面3bに付着している潤滑剤は擦り落とされることもなく、転動体7の潤滑状態が維持されて適正にして安定した打撃伝達が可能となるものである。
【0036】
なお、本実施例においてはエアーモータ方式のインパクトレンチを示したが、電動モータ(充電式モータを含む)を用いてもよく、要するに駆動モータであればよい。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明のインパクトレンチによれば、外周部に、対向する両側面をカム面に形成したコ字状の凹部を形成している円板形状のドライバの中心部をモータの回転軸に一体に連結していると共に、アンビル胴を囲むように配設している円筒形状のハンマ枠の内周面に、両側端部に上記アンビル胴の外周面両側部に形成しているV字溝状の衝合面に係合する角部を有するアーチ状のハンマの中心軸を回動自在に支持させ、このハンマの後端中央部に上記ドライバに形成している上記凹部よりも幅狭い係合片を一体に形成してこの係合片を凹部内に介在させていると共に該係合片の両側端面を凹部の上記カム面に対向させてあり、上記モータの駆動によりドライバを回転させてそのカム面に上記ハンマの係合片の側端面を係合させることにより、ハンマをドライバと一体にアンビル胴周りに回転させると共に、このアンビル胴の上記衝合面に上記ハンマの角部を衝突させてアンビル胴に回転打撃力を与えるようにしたインパクトレンチにおいて、上記ドライバのカム面に溝を設けてこの溝に円柱形状の鋼製ローラからなる転動体をその軸方向をハンマの中心軸に平行に向け且つ一部をカム面から突出させた状態にして回転自在に取付け、この転動体を介してドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片の側端面とを係合させるように構成していると共に、上記溝内に潤滑剤が溜められていてこの潤滑剤によってハンマの上記係合片の側端面の潤滑状態を維持させるように構成しているので、転動体の転がりによってドライバとハンマとが係合するから、ドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片は殆ど摩損することはなく、長期間の使用においても使用初期段階と同じ摩擦抵抗を維持することができるものである。
【0038】
そのため、ドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片との摩損によるアンビル胴の衝合面に対するハンマのすべり打ち現象や引っ掛かりによる打撃停止現象が生じることもなく、打撃も長期に亘って安定した作動が可能となる。
【0039】
さらに、転動体を転動させながらドライバとハンマとを係合させるので、カム面を形成しているドライバの凹部内の潤滑剤がカム面から擦り落とされたりすることもなく、転動体を保持している溝内に溜められた潤滑剤によってより一層積極的に潤滑状態が維持され、摩損防止に効果があり、転動体の潤滑状態が維持されて適正にして安定した打撃伝達が可能となるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】インパクトレンチの簡略分解斜視図、
【図2】要部を断面した側面図、
【図3】要部の縦断正面図、
【図4】ドライバの斜視図、
【図5】本発明の別な実施の形態を示す縦断正面図、
【図6】従来例を示す要部の縦断正面図。
【符号の説明】
1 ケーシング
2 エアーモータ
3 ドライバ
3a 凹部
3b カム面
4a アンビル胴
4b 衝合面
5 ハンマ枠
6 ハンマ
6a 中心軸
6b 角部
7 転動体
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an impact wrench used for screw tightening work and loosening work, and more particularly to an impact wrench capable of obtaining a stable striking force over a long period of time by preventing abrasion of a rotational force transmitting portion. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 6, the impact wrench is provided on the outer periphery of the driver 12 by rotating a disk-shaped driver 12 integrally by rotating the motor (not shown) disposed in the rear end of the casing 11. The cam surface 12b formed on the side end surface of the recessed portion 12a is engaged with the side end surface 13b of the engagement piece 13a formed at the center of the rear end of the hammer 13 to rotate the hammer 13 around the anvil cylinder 14.
[0003]
Then, the corner 13c formed at the side end portion of the hammer 13 collides with the V-shaped abutting surface 14a formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the anvil cylinder 14 so that the anvil cylinder 14 is rotated and hit. A force is applied, and the screw is tightened and returned at the tip of the anvil with this rotational impact force (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-62-218074 (2nd page, Fig. 2)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-289 (pages 1, 2 and 2)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the impact wrench described above, the cam surface 12b formed on the side end surface of the recess 12a of the driver 12 is directly applied to the side end surface 13b of the engagement piece 13a formed at the center of the rear end of the hammer 13. Since the hammer 13 is rotated around its central axis 13d by being brought into contact with each other and slidingly engaged with each other, the corner portion 13c is removed from the abutting surface 14a of the anvil cylinder 14, so that the driver 12 The cam surface 12b and the engagement piece 13a of the hammer 13 have a problem in that wear is promoted by the above-described sliding engagement that is frequently performed at the time of tightening or loosening the screw, and smooth operation cannot be performed.
[0006]
That is, depending on the deformed state of the cam surface 12b of the driver 12 and the engagement piece 13a of the hammer 13, the corner portion 13c of the hammer 13 collides with the abutting surface 14a of the anvil cylinder 14 and hits the anvil cylinder 14. When a rotational force is applied, a so-called “slip” phenomenon occurs in which the hammer 13 is caused to collide with the end surface of the corner 13c of the hammer 13 around the central axis 13d while sliding in a direction away from the abutting surface 14a of the anvil cylinder 14. A situation in which a proper hit cannot be made occurs.
[0007]
On the contrary, even if the engaging piece 13a of the hammer 13 is pressed by the cam surface 12b of the driver 12, the hammer 13 may be worn in a shape that is difficult to rotate around its central axis 13d. In such a case, there is a possibility that a so-called “hooking” phenomenon occurs in which the hitting stops.
[0008]
Furthermore, the lubricant is scraped off from the cam surface 12b of the driver 12 and the engaging piece 13a of the hammer 13 by sliding engagement between the cam surface 12b of the driver 12 and the engaging piece 13a of the hammer 13, or by centrifugal force. Scattering to the surroundings further promotes the wear of the cam surface 12b of the driver 12 and the engagement piece 13a of the hammer 13, and the impact wrench cannot perform proper hitting, and the service life is further shortened. There was a problem.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to prevent abrasion between the cam surface of the driver and the engagement piece of the hammer that are engaged with each other over a long period of time. It is to provide an impact wrench that can perform a stable and appropriate blow.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an impact wrench according to the present invention is a disk in which a U-shaped concave portion is formed in the outer peripheral portion with opposite side surfaces formed on the cam surface. The central part of the shape driver is integrally connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical hammer frame disposed so as to surround the anvil cylinder, the central axis of the arch-shaped hammer to have a corner portion which engages in a V-groove-shaped abutment surface which is formed on the outer peripheral surface sides rotatably is supported, above the rear end center portion of the hammer An engagement piece narrower than the recess formed in the driver is integrally formed, and the engagement piece is interposed in the recess, and both end surfaces of the engagement piece are opposed to the cam surface of the recess. Te Yes, the Han on the cam surface to rotate the driver by the driving of the motor By engaging the side end surfaces of the engagement piece, the hammer rotates together with the driver around the anvil cylinder, and the corner of the hammer collides with the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder and rotates on the anvil cylinder. In the impact wrench designed to give a striking force, a groove is provided on the cam surface of the driver, and a rolling element made of a cylindrical steel roller is provided in the groove with its axial direction parallel to the central axis of the hammer and partly. Is mounted in a state of protruding from the cam surface, and is configured to be engaged with the cam surface of the driver and the side end surface of the engagement piece of the hammer via the rolling elements. A lubricant is stored in the lubricant, and the lubricant is used to maintain the lubrication state of the side end surface of the engagement piece of the hammer.
[0011]
In the impact wrench configured as described above, the invention according to claim 2 is provided with grooves on both side end surfaces of the engaging piece of the hammer, instead of the configuration in which the rolling element is rotatably attached to the cam surface of the driver. It is characterized in that a rolling element is attached to.
[0012]
[Action]
When the motor is driven to rotate a disk-shaped driver with the central part integrally connected to the rotation shaft of the motor, the cam surface provided on the outer periphery of the driver is moved behind the hammer via the rolling element. The hammer engages with the side end surface of the engagement piece formed in the center of the end, and in this state, the hammer rotates together with the hammer frame that rotatably supports the central axis of the hammer, and one of the hammers The corner part formed inside the side end part is engaged with the abutting surface formed on the outer peripheral part of the anvil cylinder to transmit the rotational force to the anvil cylinder and attached to the anvil tip having this anvil cylinder. Rotate the screw that fits into the socket body.
[0013]
And when the screw is seated on the seating surface, resistance torque is generated on the anvil cylinder side, the rotation of the anvil cylinder approaches to stop, and the locking force between the corner of the hammer and the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder becomes weak, The rotational force of the driver overcomes the locking force to rotate the hammer around its central axis, and the side end surfaces of the corners of the hammer come off the abutting surface while sliding outward on the abutting surface of the anvil cylinder.
[0014]
At this time, since the rolling element is interposed between the cam surface of the driver and the side end face of the engagement piece of the hammer, the rolling element rolls on the cam face or the side end face of the engagement piece by the pressing force from the driver side. The hammer is rotated in such a direction that the corner of the hammer is removed from the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder.
[0015]
Accordingly, the cam surface of the driver and the engagement piece of the hammer are hardly worn, and the same frictional resistance as that in the initial stage of use can be maintained even during long-term use, and the driver forming the cam surface can be maintained. Lubricant in the recess is not scraped off from the cam surface, and the lubricant retained in the groove holding the rolling elements is more actively maintained and is effective in preventing wear. The lubrication state of the rolling elements is maintained and appropriate and stable impact transmission is possible.
[0016]
When the corner of the hammer is detached from the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder, the hammer free-runs around the anvil cylinder by the rotational force of the driver, and then the corner collides with the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder again. The striking rotational force is transmitted, and this operation is repeated to tighten or loosen the screws.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an impact wrench, and FIG. 2 is a side view in which a main part of the impact wrench is cut. An air motor 2 is disposed in the rear portion of the casing 1 integrally provided with the portion 1a, and the disk-shaped member disposed in the central portion of the casing 1 is disposed at the tip of the rotating shaft 2a of the air motor 2. The central boss portion of the driver 3 is integrally connected by spline fitting.
[0018]
As is well known, the air motor 2 supplies compressed air from the outside through an air supply passage (not shown) provided in the handle portion 1a, and operates the operation lever 8 and the switching valve (not shown). Thus, it is rotated at high speed in the right or left direction by the compressed air.
[0019]
Further, the anvil 4 is rotatably supported between the center portion of the driver 3 and the center portion of the front end of the casing 1, and has a cylindrical shape so as to surround an anvil cylinder 4 a formed at the rear portion of the anvil 4. A hammer frame 5 is disposed, and both front and rear end portions of the hammer frame 5 are rotatably supported by the front end portion of the anvil 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the driver 3.
[0020]
A part of the inner peripheral surface of the hammer frame 5 is formed with an arc-shaped holding groove 5a over the entire length, and the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 6a of the hammer 6 is rotatably fitted in the holding groove 5a. ing. The front and rear ends of the central axis 6a of the hammer 6 are rotatably supported by the front and rear ends of the hammer frame 5.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 3, the hammer 6 is formed in an arch shape curved in an arc from the central axis 6a toward both sides, and either one of the inner corners 6b, 6b at both ends or The rotational force of the hammer 6 is transmitted to the anvil 4 by engaging the other with one or the other of the V-shaped grooved abutting surfaces 4b, 4b formed on both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the anvil cylinder 4a. It is composed.
[0022]
Further, an upward U-shaped concave portion 3a is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the driver 3, and opposite side surfaces of the concave portion 3a are formed on the cam surfaces 3b and 3b, while the rear end of the hammer 6 is formed. An engaging piece 6c narrower than the recess 3a is integrally formed at the center, and the engaging piece 6c is interposed in the recess 3a. Both end surfaces 6d and 6d of the engaging piece 6c are cam surfaces of the driver 3. The rotating force of the driver 3 is transmitted to the hammer 6 from the cam surface 3b through the side end surface 6d of the engaging piece 6c so as to oppose the 3b and 3b.
[0023]
The engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 is formed at a lower part of the rear end of the central shaft 6a, and both side end surfaces 6d and 6d are disposed on both sides of the central shaft 6a so as to sandwich the central shaft 6a. is there. Therefore, when the pressing force from the cam surface 3b of the driver 3 acts on the side end surface 6d facing the cam surface 3b, the hammer 6 is locked to the abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a with the central shaft 6a as a fulcrum. The corner 6b is rotated outwardly, that is, in a direction away from the abutting surface 4b.
[0024]
The structure of the impact wrench constructed as described above is known, but in the present invention, the cam surface 3b, 3b of the driver 3 is formed on a roller made of a cylindrical steel roller as shown in FIGS. The moving bodies 7, 7 are rotatably mounted with their axial directions parallel to the central axis 6a of the hammer 6 and partially protruding from the cam surfaces 3b, 3b. The cam surface 3b of the driver 3 and the side end surface 6d of the engagement piece 6c of the hammer 6 are engaged with each other. That is, the rolling element 7 is brought into contact with the side end surface 6d of the engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 and the pressing force of the driver 3 is transmitted to the hammer 6 while rolling on the side end surface 6d.
[0025]
The operation of the impact wrench constructed in this way will be described. A socket body (not shown) is attached to the front end angular shaft portion of the anvil 4 projecting from the front end of the casing 1 and a bolt or the like fitted to the socket body is attached. When tightening a screw, first, the air motor 2 is actuated to rotate the driver 3 integrally connected to the rotating shaft 2a in the tightening direction of the screw. The provided rolling element 7 abuts against one side end surface 6 d of the engaging piece 6 c of the hammer 6 facing the rolling element 7 to transmit the rotation of the driver 3 to the hammer 6.
[0026]
Further, while the hammer 6 makes one rotation around the anvil cylinder 4a, one corner 6b of the hammer 6 moves while contacting the outer peripheral surface of the anvil cylinder 4a. Then, when the one corner 6b is detached from the one abutting surface 4b side of the anvil cylinder 4a, it is pushed outward by the outer surface of the abutting surface 4b, and the hammer 6 is moved forward with the central axis 6a as a fulcrum. The other corner 6b, which is separated from the abutting surface 4b in the rotational direction, is rotated in a direction to move inward, and the other corner 6b collides with the other abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a. Then, the rotational force of the driver 3 is transmitted to the anvil body 4a via the hammer 6, and the screw fitted to the socket body attached to the tip of the anvil 4 is rotated at a high speed.
[0027]
When the screw is seated on the seat surface, resistance torque (load) is generated in the anvil 4 and the rotation of the anvil 4 approaches to stop, and the corner 6b of the hammer 6 and the abutment surface 4b of the anvil body 4a are locked. When the force is weakened, the pressing force of the rolling element 7 mounted on one cam surface 3b of the driver 3 pressing one side end surface 6d of the engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 overcomes the locking force and the hammer. From the state shown in FIG. 3 with the central axis 6a as a fulcrum, the corner 6b engaged with the abutting surface 4b is slid on the abutting surface 4b and moved outward from the abutting surface 4b. remove.
[0028]
The hammer 6 is rotated by the pressing force from the driver 3 side when the rolling element 7 is pressed against one side end surface 6d of the engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 and the one side end surface 6d is rotated outward. Therefore, one side end face 6d of the hammer 6 is hardly subjected to frictional force from the rolling element 7, and therefore is hardly worn and maintained in its initial form and stable for a long period of time. Accurate operation can be performed. In addition, since the rolling element 7 rolls on one side end surface 6d of the hammer 6, the lubricant adhering to the one side end surface 6d is not scraped off and holds the rolling element. The lubrication state is more positively maintained by the lubricant accumulated in the groove, which is effective in preventing wear, and the lubrication state of the rolling element 7 is maintained, enabling proper and stable impact transmission. It will be.
[0029]
When the corner portion 6b of the hammer 6 is disengaged from the abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a, the hammer 6 causes the corner portion 6b of the hammer 6 to slide in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the driver 3 that is curved in an arc shape by the rotational force of the driver 3. Free-run around the anvil body 4a.
[0030]
During this free running, the hammer 6 is accelerated by the rotational driving force of the air motor 2, and when the one corner 6b is separated from the one abutting surface 4b side of the anvil cylinder 4a, the abutting surface 4b The other corner 6b, which is pushed outward by the outer surface and moves away from the abutting surface 4b side in the rotational direction, is moved inward with the hammer 6 as the fulcrum, and the other corner 6b is impactably engaged with the other abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a, and the anvil 4 is rotated by a fixed angle in the screw tightening direction by the striking force.
[0031]
When the screw is tightened, a resistance force greater than the rotational force of the air motor 2 is generated on the anvil 4 side. Therefore, the moment when the anvil 4 has finished rotating in the tightening direction by a certain angle with the striking force from the hammer 6 side. Further, the hammer 6 rebounds in the direction opposite to the tightening direction, and at the time of the rebound, the rolling element 7 on the driver 3 side and one side end surface 6d of the engagement piece 6c of the hammer 6 are pressed against each other, and this one side end surface 6d. While the rolling element 7 rolls outward, the hammer 6 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 3 so that the other corner 6b is not locked to the other abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a. To do.
[0032]
In this state, the hammer 6 is again free-running around the anvil cylinder 4a and, similarly to the above, the corner portion 6b is shockedly engaged with the abutting surface 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a to further fix the anvil 4 at a certain angle. The screw is rotated only in the tightening direction, and this operation is repeated until the screw is tightened to a predetermined tightening angle.
[0033]
In order to loosen the screw, the air motor 2 is rotated in the opposite direction so that the other of the engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 is rotated by the rolling element 7 rotatably attached to the other cam surface 3b of the concave portion 3a of the driver 3. By pressing the side end face 6d and engaging one corner 6b of the hammer 6 on one abutting face 4b of the anvil cylinder 4a via the hammer 6, the rotational force of the driver 3 is transmitted to the anvil cylinder 4a. Is done by doing.
[0034]
In the above embodiment, the rolling element 7 is attached to the cam surfaces 3b, 3b formed on the opposite surfaces of the concave portion 3a of the driver 3, but as shown in FIG. You may attach to the said both end surfaces 6d and 6d in the engaging piece 6c of the hammer 6 which opposes 3b.
[0035]
In this case, the rolling element 7 contacts and rolls against the opposing cam surface 3b, and the rotational force of the driver 3 is transmitted to the hammer 6 via the rolling element 7 in the same manner as in the above embodiment. The cam surface 3b is hardly abraded, can maintain its initial form and can operate stably and accurately over a long period of time, and the rolling element 7 rolls on the cam surface 3b. Therefore, the lubricant adhering to the cam surface 3b is not rubbed off, and the lubrication state of the rolling element 7 is maintained and proper and stable impact transmission is possible.
[0036]
In this embodiment, an air motor type impact wrench is shown, but an electric motor (including a rechargeable motor) may be used, and in short, any driving motor may be used.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the impact wrench of the present invention, the central portion of the disk-shaped driver in which the U-shaped concave portion in which the opposite side surfaces are formed on the cam surface is formed on the outer peripheral portion is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor V-shaped formed on both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the anvil cylinder on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical hammer frame disposed so as to surround the anvil cylinder. the central axis of the arch-shaped hammer to have a corner portion which engages in a groove-shaped abutment surface is supported rotatably, width than the recess that is formed in the driver at the rear end center portion of the hammer A narrow engagement piece is formed integrally and this engagement piece is interposed in the recess, and both end surfaces of the engagement piece are opposed to the cam surface of the recess, and the driver is rotated by driving the motor. Let the cam face engage the side end face of the engagement piece of the hammer In the impact wrench, the hammer is rotated around the anvil cylinder together with the driver, and the corner of the hammer is collided with the abutting surface of the anvil cylinder so as to give a rotating impact force to the anvil cylinder. A groove is provided on the cam surface of the driver, and the rolling element made of a cylindrical steel roller is rotatable in this groove with its axial direction parallel to the central axis of the hammer and a part protruding from the cam surface. The cam surface of the driver and the side end surface of the engaging piece of the hammer are engaged with each other through the rolling elements, and a lubricant is stored in the groove, and the lubricant is Since the configuration is such that the side end surface of the engagement piece of the hammer is kept in a lubricated state, the driver and the hammer are engaged by rolling of the rolling element, so that the cam surface of the driver and the hammer are engaged. It is not able to wear most are those that can also maintain the same frictional resistance as the early stage of use in long-term use.
[0038]
For this reason, the hammer does not slide against the abutment surface of the anvil cylinder due to wear of the cam surface of the driver and the engagement piece of the hammer, or the stoppage of the hammer due to the catch does not occur. It becomes possible.
[0039]
Furthermore, since the driver and the hammer are engaged while rolling the rolling element, the lubricant in the concave portion of the driver forming the cam surface is not scraped off from the cam surface, and the rolling element is held. The lubrication state is more positively maintained by the lubricant stored in the groove, which is effective in preventing wear, and the lubrication state of the rolling elements is maintained to enable proper and stable impact transmission. Is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified exploded perspective view of an impact wrench,
FIG. 2 is a side view of a cross section of the main part,
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view of the main part,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a driver;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view showing another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view of a main part showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Casing 2 Air motor 3 Driver
3a recess
3b Cam surface
4a Anvil body
4b Abutting surface 5 Hammer frame 6 Hammer
6a Center axis
6b Corner 7 Rolling element

Claims (2)

外周部に、対向する両側面をカム面に形成したコ字状の凹部を形成している円板形状のドライバの中心部をモータの回転軸に一体に連結していると共に、アンビル胴を囲むように配設している円筒形状のハンマ枠の内周面に、両側端部に上記アンビル胴の外周面両側部に形成しているV字溝状の衝合面に係合する角部を有するアーチ状のハンマの中心軸を回動自在に支持させ、このハンマの後端中央部に上記ドライバに形成している上記凹部よりも幅狭い係合片を一体に形成してこの係合片を凹部内に介在させていると共に該係合片の両側端面を凹部の上記カム面に対向させてあり、上記モータの駆動によりドライバを回転させてそのカム面に上記ハンマの係合片の側端面を係合させることにより、ハンマをドライバと一体にアンビル胴周りに回転させると共に、このアンビル胴の上記衝合面に上記ハンマの角部を衝突させてアンビル胴に回転打撃力を与えるようにしたインパクトレンチにおいて、上記ドライバのカム面に溝を設けてこの溝に円柱形状の鋼製ローラからなる転動体をその軸方向をハンマの中心軸に平行に向け且つ一部をカム面から突出させた状態にして回転自在に取付け、この転動体を介してドライバのカム面とハンマの係合片の側端面とを係合させるように構成していると共に、上記溝内に潤滑剤が溜められていてこの潤滑剤によってハンマの上記係合片の側端面の潤滑状態を維持させるように構成したことを特徴とするインパクトレンチ。The central part of a disk-shaped driver forming a U-shaped recess with opposite side surfaces formed on the cam surface on the outer periphery is integrally connected to the rotating shaft of the motor and surrounds the anvil cylinder On the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hammer frame arranged in such a manner, corners that engage V-groove-shaped abutting surfaces formed on both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the anvil cylinder are formed on both side ends. the central axis of the arch-shaped hammer of chromatic rotatably is supported, the narrow engagement piece than the recess that is formed in the driver at the rear end center portion of the hammer integrally formed this engagement A piece is interposed in the recess, and both end surfaces of the engagement piece are opposed to the cam surface of the recess, and the driver is rotated by driving the motor so that the engagement piece of the hammer is placed on the cam surface. By engaging the side end face, the hammer is integrated with the driver around the anvil cylinder In an impact wrench that rotates and gives a rotating striking force to the anvil cylinder by colliding the corner of the hammer with the abutting surface of the anvil cylinder, a groove is provided on the cam surface of the driver, A rolling element comprising a cylindrical steel roller is rotatably mounted with its axial direction parallel to the central axis of the hammer and a part protruding from the cam surface, and the cam of the driver is passed through this rolling element. The surface and the side end surface of the engagement piece of the hammer are engaged with each other, and a lubricant is stored in the groove, and the lubricant is used to lubricate the side end surface of the engagement piece of the hammer. An impact wrench characterized by maintaining the ドライバのカム面に転動体を回転自在に取付けた構成に代えて、ハンマの係合片における両側端面に溝を設けてこの溝に転動体を取付けていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のインパクトレンチ。 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein , instead of a configuration in which the rolling elements are rotatably attached to the cam surface of the driver, grooves are provided on both end faces of the engaging piece of the hammer, and the rolling elements are attached to the grooves. Impact wrench.
JP2003034597A 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Impact wrench Expired - Fee Related JP4454235B2 (en)

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