JP4453071B2 - Impact resistant helmet - Google Patents
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- JP4453071B2 JP4453071B2 JP2004065507A JP2004065507A JP4453071B2 JP 4453071 B2 JP4453071 B2 JP 4453071B2 JP 2004065507 A JP2004065507 A JP 2004065507A JP 2004065507 A JP2004065507 A JP 2004065507A JP 4453071 B2 JP4453071 B2 JP 4453071B2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
本発明は、高速の飛来物等に対する耐衝撃性に優れた耐衝撃性ヘルメットに関する。 The present invention relates to an impact resistant helmet having excellent impact resistance against high-speed flying objects.
従来より、耐衝撃性ヘルメット用途に使用する高強度繊維からなる繊維強化プラスチックとして、ガラス繊維層を外層に、有機繊維層を内層とする耐衝撃性繊維強化プラスチックや、アラミド繊維織物を外層に高強度ポリエチレン繊維織物を内層に用いた耐衝撃性繊維強化プラスチックが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１、２）。かかる耐衝撃性繊維強化プラスチックには、製造工程が煩雑になり、また、異素材を複合化するため、使用できる樹脂、接着剤が限定され、層間接着性が悪く耐衝撃性低下の問題があった。また、同一の高強度繊維からなる繊維強化プラスチックとして、高強度ポリエチレン繊維織物を外層に、不織布を内層に使用したものや均一な樹脂量のものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献３、４）。特許文献３の繊維強化プラスチックには、繊維がランダムに配置された不織布を使用するため耐衝撃性に劣る問題があり、また、特許文献４の繊維強化プラスチックには、安価ではあるが、耐衝撃性に劣るという問題があった。耐衝撃性を高くするには、層の厚みを増大させたりする必要が生じ、そうすると重量の増加を招き、ヘルメットとしての機能性を低下させることになる。
そこで本発明の課題は、かかる従来技術に鑑み、高速の飛来物等に対し優れた耐衝撃性を発揮でき、かつ、軽量でヘルメットとしての優れた機能性を確保可能な耐衝撃性ヘルメットを提供することにある。 Therefore, in view of the conventional technology, an object of the present invention is to provide an impact resistant helmet that can exhibit excellent impact resistance against high-speed flying objects and the like, and is lightweight and capable of securing excellent functionality as a helmet. There is to do.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る耐衝撃性ヘルメットは、高強度繊維織物を含む少なくとも３層の繊維強化プラスチックからなる耐衝撃性ヘルメットであって、該繊維強化プラスチックの中間層の高強度繊維織物が細繊度の繊維を用いた細繊度織物からなり、その両側に位置する外層の高強度繊維織物が太繊度の繊維を用いた太繊度織物からなり、前記太繊度織物の総繊度が１５００〜４０００ｄｔｅｘの範囲、細繊度織物の総繊度が４００〜１２００ｄｔｅｘの範囲にあることを特徴とするものからなる。この繊維強化プラスチックは、少なくともこのような外層と中間層の合計３層を有していればよく、これら３層以外の層をいずれかの位置に有していてもかまわない。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an impact resistant helmet according to the present invention is an impact resistant helmet made of at least three layers of fiber reinforced plastic including a high strength fiber fabric, wherein the intermediate layer of the fiber reinforced plastic has a high height. becomes strength fiber fabric from fine denier fabric using fine denier fiber, Ri Do from large fineness fabric using high-strength fiber fabric large fineness of the fibers of the outer layer located on both sides, a total fineness of the thick fineness fabric Is in the range of 1500 to 4000 dtex, and the total fineness of the fine fabric is in the range of 400 to 1200 dtex . The fiber reinforced plastic may have at least a total of three layers including the outer layer and the intermediate layer, and may have layers other than these three layers at any position.
上記耐衝撃性ヘルメットにおいては、ヘルメットの厚みに対して、外層の厚みの比率が０．２〜０．８の範囲にあることが好ましい。 In the impact resistant helmet, it is preferable that the ratio of the thickness of the outer layer to the thickness of the helmet is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8.
太繊度織物と細繊度織物の繊維の種類としては、同種の高強度繊維からなることが好ましい。 The types of fibers of the thick and fine fabrics are preferably made of the same type of high-strength fibers.
また、高強度繊維織物としては、例えば、アラミド繊維、高強度ポリエチレン繊維、ポリベンズビスオキサゾール繊維、ポリピリドビスイミダゾール繊維のいずれかからなるものを用いることができる。 Moreover, as a high intensity | strength fiber fabric, what consists of either an aramid fiber, a high intensity | strength polyethylene fiber, a polybenzbisoxazole fiber, or a polypyridobisimidazole fiber can be used, for example.
本発明によれば、従来のものに比べ、軽量で、優れた耐衝撃性を有する耐衝撃性ヘルメットを提供できる。また、厚みを増大させる必要がなく、この面からも軽量で、機能性に優れた耐衝撃性ヘルメットを構成できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an impact-resistant helmet that is lighter than conventional ones and has excellent impact resistance. Further, there is no need to increase the thickness, and an impact resistant helmet that is light in weight and excellent in functionality can be configured.
以下に、本発明について、望ましい実施の形態とともに詳細に説明する。
本発明における耐衝撃性ヘルメットに用いられる高強度繊維としては、引張強度が１７ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上のものが好ましく、１７〜４５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの範囲のものがより好ましく、１９〜４０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの範囲のものがさらに好ましい。また、弾性率は３００〜２０００ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの範囲のものが好ましく、３５０〜１８００ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの範囲のものがさらに好ましい。このような特性を備えた高強度繊維としては、特に限定されるものではなく、芳香族ポリアミド（アラミド）、芳香族ポリエーテルアミド、全芳香族ポリエステル、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール、ポリベンズイミダゾール、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ノボロイド、ポリピリドビスイミダゾール、ポリアリレート、ポリケトン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルケトンなどからなる繊維などが好ましく使用でき、耐衝撃性、生産性、価格などからアラミド繊維、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール、ポリピリドビスイミダゾールが好ましく、アラミド繊維が特に好ましく使用できる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail together with preferred embodiments.
The high-strength fiber used in the impact-resistant helmet in the present invention preferably has a tensile strength of 17 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 17 to 45 cN / dtex, and 19 to 40 cN / dtex. Is more preferable. The elastic modulus is preferably in the range of 300 to 2000 cN / dtex, and more preferably in the range of 350 to 1800 cN / dtex. The high-strength fiber having such characteristics is not particularly limited, and aromatic polyamide (aramid), aromatic polyether amide, wholly aromatic polyester, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyparaphenylene Benzobisoxazole, polybenzimidazole, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyphenylene sulfide, novoloid, polypyridobisimidazole, polyarylate, polyketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyoxymethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamideimide, Fibers such as polyetherketone can be used preferably. Aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazo due to impact resistance, productivity, price, etc. Le, polypyridobisimidazole preferably, aramid fibers are particularly preferably used.
このような繊維を用いて高強度繊維織物を作製し、耐衝撃性ヘルメットの材料とする。織物の形態とすることで、優れた寸法安定性、強度、耐衝撃性を確保できるとともに、ヘルメットの曲面構造にも容易に対応できる。該織物には、平織、綾織、朱子織、畝織、斜子織、杉綾、二重織などを用いることができる。かかる繊維及び織物には、原糸の製造工程や加工工程での生産性あるいは特性改善のために通常使用されている各種添加剤を含んでいてもよい。例えば熱安定剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、平滑剤、耐電防止剤、可塑剤、増粘剤、顔料、難燃剤、油剤などを含有、または付着せしめることができる。 Using such fibers, a high-strength fiber fabric is produced and used as a material for an impact-resistant helmet. By adopting a woven fabric, excellent dimensional stability, strength, and impact resistance can be secured, and the curved surface structure of the helmet can be easily accommodated. As the woven fabric, plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, cocoon weave, oblique weave, sugi twill, double weave and the like can be used. Such fibers and woven fabrics may contain various additives usually used for improving the productivity or properties in the production process and processing process of the raw yarn. For example, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a smoothing agent, an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, a thickener, a pigment, a flame retardant, and an oil agent can be contained or adhered.
本発明に係る耐衝撃性ヘルメットの繊維強化プラスチックを構成する樹脂（マトリックス樹脂）としては、熱硬化性樹脂や熱可塑性樹脂を用いることができ、特に限定されるものでないが、熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、珪素樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂などやその変性樹脂など、熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリスチレン、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、フッ素樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリアミドなど、さらには熱可塑性ポリウレタン、ブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ネオプレン、ポリエステル等の合成ゴム又はエラストマーなどが好ましく使用できる。中でも、フェノール樹脂とポリビニルブチラール樹脂を主成分とする樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂が耐衝撃性、寸法安定性、耐熱性、強度、価格などから好ましく使用できる。かかる熱硬化性樹脂及び熱可塑性樹脂には、工業的にその目的、用途、製造工程や加工工程での生産性あるいは特性改善のため通常使用されている各種添加剤を含んでいてもよい。例えば、変性剤、可塑剤、充填剤、離型剤、着色剤、希釈剤などを含有せしめることができる。 As a resin (matrix resin) constituting the fiber reinforced plastic of the impact-resistant helmet according to the present invention, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin can be used, and although not particularly limited, Examples of thermoplastic resins such as phenol resins, melamine resins, urea resins, unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, diallyl phthalate resins, silicon resins, polyimide resins, vinyl ester resins, and modified resins thereof, For example, vinyl chloride resin, polystyrene, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluororesin, polyamide resin, polyacetal resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester, polyamide, etc., as well as thermoplastic polyurethane, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene, Synthetic rubbers or elastomers such as esters can be preferably used. Among them, resins mainly composed of phenol resin and polyvinyl butyral resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resin are impact resistance, dimensional stability, heat resistance, strength, price Etc. can be preferably used. Such thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins may contain various additives that are usually used for industrial purposes, for purposes, applications, productivity in manufacturing processes and processing steps, or for improving properties. For example, a modifier, a plasticizer, a filler, a release agent, a colorant, a diluent, and the like can be included.
高強度繊維織物を含む繊維強化プラスチックの作製に必要なプリプレグを得る方法は特に限定されるものではないが、熱硬化性樹脂の場合、熱硬化性樹脂を溶剤に溶解してワニスに調整し、該織物をワニス漕に通しバーコーターやクリアランスロールなどにて余分な樹脂を掻き取る方法やコーティング、スプレーを用いた塗工が一般的に行われる。一方、熱可塑性樹脂の場合、樹脂エマルジョンや溶融あるいは溶剤に溶解してナイフやグラビアなどにてコーティングする方法や溶融した樹脂を直接織物にラミネートする方法が一般的に行われる。また、樹脂付着量は、高強度有機繊維布帛に対し３〜３０ｗｔ％が好ましい。さらに好ましくは５〜２０ｗｔ％の範囲である。３ｗｔ％未満であれば、高速の飛来物が衝突した際、剛性が低いため形態保持性が低く、３０ｗｔ％を超えると、繊維の自由度を奪うため耐衝撃性に劣る。 The method for obtaining the prepreg necessary for the production of the fiber reinforced plastic including the high-strength fiber fabric is not particularly limited, but in the case of a thermosetting resin, the thermosetting resin is dissolved in a solvent and adjusted to a varnish, Generally, a method of scraping excess resin with a bar coater, a clearance roll or the like through a varnish basket, coating using a coating or spraying is performed. On the other hand, in the case of a thermoplastic resin, a method of coating with a resin emulsion, melting or solvent and coating with a knife or gravure, or a method of laminating a molten resin directly on a fabric is generally performed. Moreover, the resin adhesion amount is preferably 3 to 30 wt% with respect to the high-strength organic fiber fabric. More preferably, it is the range of 5-20 wt%. If it is less than 3 wt%, when high-speed flying objects collide, the rigidity is low and the shape retention is low, and if it exceeds 30 wt%, the freedom of the fibers is lost and the impact resistance is poor.
本発明の耐衝撃性ヘルメットでは、同種の高強度繊維からなり、単糸繊度や総繊度の異なる織物を使用できる。本発明では特に、外層が太繊度織物、中間層が細繊度織物からなる。その製造方法としては、例えば、上記方法により製造されたプリプレグを短冊状や六葉形等の多葉形状等に裁断し、複数枚積層後、加熱加圧する成形法を用いることができる。異種の高強度繊維を組み合わせた場合、上記成形時において、収縮差の違いにより寸法安定性に問題が生じる。また、各層を個別に成形後、接着剤を介して貼り合わせる方法もあるが、工程が煩雑になるほか接着剤の選定が必要となり、場合によっては満足できる接着性が得られない。外層に積層する太繊度織物は、高強度繊維の総繊度が１５００〜４０００ｄｔｅｘが好ましく、１６００〜３５００ｄｔｅｘの範囲がさらに好ましく、中間層として積層する細繊度織物は、高強度繊維の総繊度が４００〜１２００ｄｔｅｘのものが好ましい。また、外層の厚みは、耐衝撃性ヘルメットの厚みに対し外層の厚み比率が０．２〜０．８の範囲にあることが好ましい。耐衝撃性ヘルメットとして、外層の厚み比率及び太繊度織物と細繊度織物の組み合わせが上記の範囲から外れている場合は、安価に製造し、且つ、剛性と耐衝撃性の両立が困難となる。 In the impact-resistant helmet of the present invention, it is possible to use fabrics made of the same kind of high-strength fibers and having different single yarn fineness and total fineness. In the present invention, in particular, the outer layer is made of a thick fine fabric and the intermediate layer is made of a fine fine fabric. As the manufacturing method, for example, a molding method in which the prepreg manufactured by the above method is cut into a multi-leaf shape such as a strip shape or a six-leaf shape, and a plurality of sheets are laminated and heated and pressed can be used. When different types of high-strength fibers are combined, a problem arises in dimensional stability due to the difference in shrinkage during the molding. In addition, there is a method in which each layer is individually molded and then bonded through an adhesive. However, the process becomes complicated, and an adhesive needs to be selected. In some cases, satisfactory adhesiveness cannot be obtained. The thick fine woven fabric laminated on the outer layer preferably has a total fineness of high-strength fibers of 1500 to 4000 dtex, more preferably in the range of 1600 to 3500 dtex, and the fine fine woven fabric laminated as an intermediate layer has a total fineness of high-strength fibers of 400 to 400. 1200 dtex is preferred. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness ratio of an outer layer exists in the range whose thickness ratio of an outer layer is 0.2-0.8 with respect to the thickness of an impact-resistant helmet. As an impact-resistant helmet, when the thickness ratio of the outer layer and the combination of the large fine fabric and the fine fine fabric are out of the above ranges, it is difficult to manufacture at low cost and to achieve both rigidity and impact resistance.
以上のようにして得られる、本発明に係る耐衝撃性ヘルメットは、軽量、かつ優れた耐衝撃性を有するという効果を奏する。 The impact resistant helmet according to the present invention obtained as described above has the effect of being light and having excellent impact resistance.
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。なお、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。また、実施例中の織物における原糸強度、弾性率、織布の目付、織り密度、厚さについては、ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０９６に準拠した方法により測定し、繊維強化プラスチックの厚みは、ノギスを使用して測定した。さらに、本実施例では、耐衝撃性については、ヘルメット形状ではなく平面形状にて評価した。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the yarn strength, elastic modulus, fabric weight, weave density, and thickness of the woven fabrics in the examples are measured by a method according to JIS L1096, and the thickness of the fiber reinforced plastic is measured using calipers. It was measured. Further, in this example, the impact resistance was evaluated by a planar shape instead of a helmet shape.
実施例１
原糸強度２３ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘのアラミド繊維（総繊度：３３００ｄｔｅｘ）を使用した太繊度織物（目付：４６０ｇ／ｍ2、織り密度：１７本／２．５４ｃｍ）と原糸強度２３ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘのアラミド繊維（総繊度：９４０ｄｔｅｘ）を使用した細繊度織物（目付：２４６ｇ／ｍ2、織り密度：３２本／２．５４ｃｍ）にフェノール樹脂（ポリビニルブーチラール主成分）を含浸、乾燥して樹脂分１５ｗｔ％のプリプレグを得た。太繊度織物のプリプレグを１２枚、細繊度織物のプリプレグを１３枚裁断し、太繊度織物のプリプレグ６枚、細繊度織物のプリプレグを１３枚、太繊度織物のプリプレグを６枚の順に積層し、１５０℃、５０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 、３０分加熱加圧成形して、細繊度織物を含む層の両側に太繊度織物を含む層が配置された繊維強化プラスチックを得た。
Example 1
A thick fabric (weighing: 460 g / m 2 , weaving density: 17 / 2.54 cm) using an aramid fiber (total fineness: 3300 dtex) having an original yarn strength of 23 cN / dtex and an aramid fiber having an original yarn strength of 23 cN / dtex ( A finely woven fabric (weight: 246 g / m 2 , weave density: 32 / 2.54 cm) using a total fineness: 940 dtex) is impregnated with a phenol resin (polyvinyl butyral main component) and dried to a resin content of 15 wt% A prepreg was obtained. Cut 12 prepregs of thick fine woven fabric, 13 prepregs of fine fine woven fabric, laminate 6 prepregs of thick fine woven fabric, 13 prepregs of fine fine woven fabric, 6 prepregs of thick fine woven fabric, Heat-press molding was performed at 150 ° C. and 50 kg / cm 2 for 30 minutes to obtain a fiber reinforced plastic in which layers containing a fine fine fabric were arranged on both sides of a layer containing a fine fine fabric.
比較例１
実施例１の１５ｗｔ％のプリプレグを１９枚積層し、実施例１と同じ条件、方法で繊維強化プラスチックを得た（表１ではこれらのプリプレグはすべて外層を構成するものとして表してある）。
Comparative Example 1
Nineteen 15 wt% prepregs of Example 1 were laminated, and fiber reinforced plastics were obtained under the same conditions and method as in Example 1 (in Table 1, these prepregs are all shown as constituting the outer layer).
実施例１、比較例１で得た繊維強化プラスチックを、住友石炭鉱業（株）製高速飛翔体試験装置「ＨＦＴ−１０１５」にて４．０ｇの高速飛翔体（ＮＡＴＯ ＳＳ−１０９模擬弾）を用い、ＭＩＬ−ＳＴＤ−６６２Ｆに準拠したＢａｌｌｉｓｔｉｃ Ｌｉｍｉｔ（Ｖ５０）を評価した。結果を表１に示す。実施例１の耐衝撃性ヘルメット用繊維強化プラスチックは、比較例１のものに比べ、高速の飛来物に対し優れた耐衝撃性を示した。仮に比較例１の構成にて実施例１と同等の耐衝撃性を得ようとする場合、ヘルメットを構成する繊維強化プラスチックの厚みを増さざるをえず、重量増加を招く。したがって、実施例１の耐衝撃性ヘルメット用繊維強化プラスチックでは、比較例１のものに比べ、軽量化を達成しつつ、同時に、優れた耐衝撃性を達成できることになる。 The fiber reinforced plastic obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was subjected to a 4.0 g high-speed flying object (NATO SS-109 simulated bullet) using a high-speed flying object test apparatus “HFT-1015” manufactured by Sumitomo Coal Mining Co., Ltd. Used, Ballistic Limit (V50) based on MIL-STD-662F was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. The fiber reinforced plastic for impact-resistant helmets of Example 1 exhibited superior impact resistance against high-speed flying objects compared to Comparative Example 1. If it is going to obtain the impact resistance equivalent to Example 1 by the structure of the comparative example 1, the thickness of the fiber reinforced plastic which comprises a helmet must be increased, and a weight increase will be caused. Therefore, the fiber reinforced plastic for impact-resistant helmet of Example 1 can achieve lighter weight and at the same time, excellent impact resistance compared to that of Comparative Example 1.
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| JPS61174407A (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-08-06 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | Production of helmet |
| JP2831710B2 (en) * | 1989-08-05 | 1998-12-02 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Helmet made of fiber reinforced resin |
| JP3214646B2 (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 2001-10-02 | 東レ株式会社 | Preform and manufacturing method thereof |
| JPH08269809A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1996-10-15 | Toray Ind Inc | Helmet |
| JP3651065B2 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 2005-05-25 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | helmet |
| JP3048909B2 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2000-06-05 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | Composite molding |
| JP2003269898A (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2003-09-25 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Composite laminated body and bulletproof helmet |
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