JP4450805B2 - Three-dimensional plastic sheet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional plastic sheet that can be mass-produced by an offset printing method, and more particularly, to a three-dimensional plastic sheet having a lens array (Lens Array) in which convex lenses are arranged on the surface of the plastic sheet.

  Generally, a three-dimensional plastic sheet is composed of a lenticular screen in which semi-cylindrical lenses having a pitch of about 0.5 mm are continuously formed on the surface of the sheet. When printing stereoscopic photographs, images of objects viewed with both eyes are printed on a single lenticular plate, and when viewed with both eyes, the objects appear to be floating in space, or are concave three-dimensional images. It looks as if it is a video (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, the above-described lenticular plate is formed by continuously forming a semi-cylindrical lens, and the stereoscopic effect is expressed only on the left and right with the longitudinal direction of the lens as the center, and the stereoscopic effect is not expressed on the upper and lower sides. There was a problem. As a result, problems such as a limited viewing angle representing a stereoscopic effect have occurred.

  In addition, the conventional stereoscopic plastic sheet recognizes the lens array, that is, the printed surface seen through the lens layer, and the rendered stereoscopic image can be seen. The printing surface uses a general offset printing method for mass production, but at this time, due to the embossing phenomenon of the see-through lens, the resolution seems to be low like general printing due to the characteristics of the product. There was a problem such as. As a result, a clear and clean print screen could not be provided.

  In addition, the general offset printing screen provides a very clear three-dimensional screen because the moiré phenomenon due to the interference of halftone dots occurs due to the refraction of the many halftone dots that compose the printing screen by the lens layer. I couldn't.

  As described above, the conventional production method using offset printing expresses only a three-dimensional work of a simple pattern by a monochromatic printing method, and thus expresses a three-dimensional effect by a primary color and a special effect by a lenticular method (2-way conversion, MOTION, MORPH). It was difficult.

  Of course, depending on the case, a three-dimensional system using Integral Photography (IP) may be used. The IP 3D system was developed in 1908 by French M.C. G. It is a method proposed by Lippmann and it is difficult to put it to practical use because it requires high precision work technology and high resolution photographic technology.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-024570

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the moire phenomenon that can occur on the printed surface printed in the offset printing method, and to produce a clear stereoscopic image. It is to provide a new and improved three-dimensional plastic sheet that can be observed.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a convex lens layer formed of a flat transparent synthetic resin and formed by arranging hemispherical convex lenses vertically and horizontally on an upper surface thereof; A transparent plate formed by a synthetic resin plate material having a thickness corresponding to the focal length of the convex lens located at the bottom of the layer; formed by offset printing on the upper surface of the transparent plate and configured to allow a real photograph to be seen A non-focal length printed layer; and a four-color halftone printing of an image formed by offset printing on the bottom surface of a transparent plate and separated by computer graphics so that a stereoscopic screen can be viewed. A three-dimensional plastic sheet, wherein the convex lens layer, the transparent plate including the non-focal length printed layer, and the focal length printed layer are adhered to each other. Door is provided. The non-focal length printed layer may be formed between the convex lens layer and the transparent plate. With this configuration, it is possible to express a stereoscopic effect in the vertical direction while reducing the moire phenomenon.

  A part of the convex lens layer may be formed with a see-through window constituted by a plane, and a part of the focal length printed layer may be formed with a non-focal length printed layer, which may be positioned immediately below the see-through window. That is, a non-focal length printing layer on which a general image that is not separated into images may be formed on a part of the focal length printing layer. The general image may be arranged at a position visible from the transparent window. With this configuration, since light passing through the part is not refracted by the convex lens layer, the original image drawn immediately below the see-through window can be viewed.

  The bottom surface of the transparent plate is not formed with a focal length printed layer, but is formed with raised relief patterns that are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the groove formed between the relief patterns is formed at the focal position of the convex lens. Also good. With this configuration, an image with a more stereoscopic effect can be obtained.

  Based on the density of the convex lenses arranged in the convex lens layer, the inclination angles of 4 degree (C, M, Y, K) halftone dots printed by offset printing are set to be different from each other, and moire phenomenon or visual Disturbance can be minimized.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when the three-dimensional sheet 1 is observed through the convex lens layer 10, a general printed picture consisting of a product and a theme picture is placed on the fabric of the special effect printing surface consisting of many figures and pictures. A clear 3D image that is floating or concave is visible. Therefore, a three-dimensional sheet in which a high-quality three-dimensional feeling can be felt is provided. Further, since the lens is composed of the hemispherical convex lens 11, a clear stereoscopic image can be seen from any position regardless of the position and direction where the stereoscopic sheet 1 is placed.

  Further, the printing layers 31 and 32 on the top and bottom surfaces of the transparent plate 20 can be mass-produced by offset printing. Further, on the focal length printing layer 32, an image which has been calculated and separated by a computer graphics technique obtained by improving the conventional IP technique is printed in four-color halftone dots. As a result, the high-resolution blue (C; Cyan), red (M; Magenta), yellow (Y; Yellow), and black (B; Black) four-degree halftone dots form an optimum inclination with different angles. , Moire phenomenon or visual disturbance can be minimized, and high-quality and high-resolution 3D images can be provided. Furthermore, the external competitiveness of 3D seats can be maximized in order to satisfy the purchasing needs of modern consumers who are pursuing unique and diverse design.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present specification and drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a convex lens layer 10 is formed on the uppermost side of the three-dimensional sheet 1 according to the present invention.

  The convex lens layer 10 is made of a transparent synthetic resin, and has a configuration in which hemispherical convex lenses 11 are arranged vertically and horizontally on a top surface thereof so as to spread radially.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the convex lenses 11 arranged vertically and horizontally on the upper surface of the convex lens layer 10 have an imaginary line passing through the center of the convex lens 11 having an intersection angle of 90 ° and an inclination of the convex lens 11 of 45 °. Is arranged. The right figure of FIG. 9 is an enlarged view in which a part of the left figure is enlarged. In the right figure, a virtual auxiliary line is actually shown for convenience of explaining the arrangement of the convex lens 11. A first auxiliary line drawn in the parallel direction of the drawing and two second auxiliary lines forming an angle of 45 ° from the first auxiliary line are described. These auxiliary lines are described so as to intersect at the center of one convex lens 11. Moreover, the convex lens 11 is arrange | positioned in the position where said 1st auxiliary line and 2nd auxiliary line pass in the center of each convex lens 11 arrange | positioned vertically and horizontally. The auxiliary line is sometimes called a virtual line for explanation.

  In some cases, as shown in FIG. 10, the intersection of the imaginary lines may be set to 60 °, and the convex lens 11 may be inclined to 60 °. However, as a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is desirable that the inclination of the convex lens 11 is 45 °.

  A transparent plate 20 made of a transparent synthetic resin is located below the convex lens layer 10. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the transparent plate 20 is formed in a sheet shape with the same thickness as the focal length of the convex lens 11. That is, when the light incident from the upper surface of the convex lens layer 10 passes through the convex lens 11 and the transparent plate 20 formed as a lower layer of the convex lens layer 10, the thickness is such that the lower surface of the transparent plate 20 is focused. A transparent plate 20 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a non-focal length printing layer 31 is formed on the upper surface of the transparent plate 20 so as to be offset printed so that a real image can be seen.

  A general printing surface is formed on the non-focal length printing layer 31. The general printing surface is a portion placed on the special effect printing surface, which is the focal length printing layer 32 expressed in three dimensions, and is expressed by a theme picture, a photograph of a product, various patterns, and the like.

  At this time, the special effect printing surface of the focal length printing layer 32 is mainly used for three-dimensional expression of a continuous pattern of upper, lower, left, and right, or special effects.

  In the end, this is because the special print (non-solid, solid, motion, conversion effect, etc.) print surface of the focal length print layer 32 and the general print surface of the non-focal length print surface are visually different in depth difference or special effect. Make them feel different, or make them look different.

  A focal length printing layer 32 is offset printed on the bottom surface of the transparent plate 20. The focal length printing layer 32 is printed by computer graphics and is subjected to four-color halftone printing which is calculated and separated into images, and is configured so that a stereoscopic screen can be seen through the convex lens layer 10.

  The focal length printing layer 32 is four-degree halftone printing having the same spacing and arrangement as the convex lens 11, and is manufactured by image separation work of computer graphics as shown in FIGS. In the image separation work, the left and right lenticular image division method and the upper and lower lenticular image division method are simultaneously executed to obtain an output for printing. In other words, the separated images that take into account the difference (parallax) of the light entering the left and right eyes may be arranged in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

  The convex lens layer 10, the transparent plate 20 including the non-focal length printed layer 31, and the focal length printed layer 32 are thermally bonded by a laminating operation or bonded to each other by an adhesive.

  According to the three-dimensional sheet 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the images of the general printing surface of the non-focal length printing layer 31 and the special effect printing surface of the focal length printing layer 32 are visually It looks like a clearer print screen with the turbulent moire phenomenon disappearing. Since the general printing surface of the non-focal length printing layer 31 and the special effect printing surface of the focal length printing layer 32 appear as a depth with a difference or a special effect with a difference, a high-quality special image is realized. It can be said.

  On the other hand, the screen of the focal length printing layer 32 belongs to a range representing a three-dimensional effect, a special effect, or a general background effect, and is generated from the three-dimensional sheet 1 so as to appear as a live-action photograph or a picture or a pattern on the screen configuration. It is better to remove the moire phenomenon and rough printing feeling.

  However, when general offset printing is performed on the focal length printing layer 32, it is difficult to express clear offset printing. The reason is as follows. The three-dimensional sheet for expressing a three-dimensional image has a three-dimensional effect due to the refraction of light transmitted through the convex lens 11 and the time difference between both eyes of humans. This is because the convex lens 11 constituting the convex lens layer 10 is offset. This is because a large number of halftone dots of the printed focal length printing layer 32 are refracted to cause a disordered moire phenomenon.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, it is desirable that the angle of the printing halftone dot is compared with the arrangement angle of the hemispherical convex lens 11 so that the moiré shape can be minimized so as to be different from each other. That is, the halftone dots of the respective colors may be arranged at different angles with reference to the angle at which the convex lenses 11 are arranged. In the lower part of FIG. 11, an example of an angle at which halftone dots of each color are arranged is displayed.

  In addition, the primary color printing of the focal length printing layer 32 is a high density (LPI; Line Per) density of the printing halftone dots constituting the 4 degree offset printing composed of blue, red, yellow and black. Inch).

  That is, as shown in Table 1, the angles of the halftone dots can be changed depending on the density where the convex lenses 11 are arranged. For example, when the density of the convex lens 11 is 80 lpi (the number of lines intersecting vertically and horizontally within 1 inch), the inclination with respect to the horizontal is 45 °, and the dot density is 400 lpi, moire phenomenon or visual The angles of the halftone dots of each color that can minimize the disturbance are about 19.5 °, 27.5 °, 62.5 °, and 70.5 ° in the order of C, M, Y, and K, respectively. Since the intersecting angles of the convex lens 11 intersecting with these are 90 °, they are about 109.5 °, 117.5 °, 152.5 °, and 160.5 °, respectively.

  If general offset printing is normally performed at about 175 lpi, the effect of the three-dimensional sheet 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is higher as the resolution (lpi) is higher, such as about 200,300,400 lpi. Excellent.

  As shown in Table 1, the halftone angles of the offsets for minimizing the moire phenomenon due to these resolutions are different. As the arranged angles corresponding to the respective resolutions, the four-degree halftone dot selects any one of these angles, but the inclination can be set by selecting different angles. That is, when the density of the printing halftone dot is determined, a plurality of suitable angles corresponding to the density are selected as shown in the table below, for example. Of these, the angle at which the halftone dots of each color are arranged is arbitrarily selected. If the angle of the dot arrangement of different colors does not select the same angle, there is no special restriction on the combination.

  By the way, the non-focal length printing layer 31 printed on the upper surface of the transparent plate 20 is a layer for forming a general printing surface. Since the general printing surface offset printed by 4 degrees is located at the non-focal length of the convex lens layer 10, the refraction and distortion phenomenon of the lens is minimized, and the moire phenomenon and the rough which do not conflict with the functional effect of the convex lens layer 10 are obtained. It is expressed with themes such as a clear picture and graphics with a clear print feeling.

  Therefore, the effect obtained through the convex lens layer 10 is produced by printing the special effect printing surface of the focal length printing layer 32 and the general printing surface of the non-focal length printing layer 31 at different positions by the transparent plate 20. . In other words, it looks like a difference, etc., and a general printed picture consisting of a photograph of the product or a theme picture is floating in the space on the fabric of the special effect printing surface consisting of many figures, or a concave stereoscopic image Therefore, a three-dimensional sheet can be provided which can feel a higher quality three-dimensional feeling.

  On the other hand, in some cases, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a part of the convex lens layer 10 may be formed by the transparent window 12 having a planar configuration, and a part of the focal length printing layer 32 may be a non-focal point. The distance printing layer 31 may be formed and arranged directly below the see-through window 12.

  Of course, the non-focal length printed layer 31 may be formed on the transparent plate 20, but if the non-focal length printed layer 31 is formed together with a part of the focal length printed layer 32, the efficiency of the printing operation is improved. Is desirable.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the transparent window 12 is formed by applying a transparent resin to a part of the surface of the convex lens layer 10 and curing it. In some cases, the transparent window 12 is formed by pressurizing and heating a flat mold. May be. Of course, the embodiment according to the present invention is not limited to the processing method of the transparent window 12 as described above.

  As described above, in the case where the transparent window 12 having a flat surface is formed on the convex lens layer 10, even if fine characters and figures are included in the general printing surface of the non-focal length printing layer 31, it becomes clearer. In addition to observing, there are advantages such as the effect of realizing high-resolution print quality and making it appear as a transparent material.

  This prevents a problem that the resolution is lowered due to interference due to light refraction of the convex lens 11 even if the resolution of the general printing surface printed on the non-focal length printing layer 31 is high, while the resolution of the general printing surface is low. This is to solve the problem that the convex lens layer 10 can only be viewed within the dense density of the array.

  On the other hand, depending on the case, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the embossed patterns 33 that are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions may be formed without forming the focal length printed layer 32 on the bottom surface of the transparent plate 20. . Further, the groove 33 a formed between the relief patterns 33 may be formed in accordance with the focal position of the convex lens 11.

  At this time, a three-dimensionally raised relief pattern 33 forms a cloth, and a general printed picture consisting of a product or a theme picture is floating in the space or a concave stereoscopic image can be seen, so that the stereoscopic effect is maximized. In addition to this, there is an advantage that a more transparent stereoscopic effect can be obtained.

  The relief pattern 33 may be obtained by applying a transparent resin to the bottom surface of the transparent plate and curing it. In some cases, the bottom surface of the transparent plate 20 is pressurized with a mold in which indented grooves are arranged vertically and horizontally. And may be formed by heating. The present invention is not limited to the processing method of the relief pattern 33.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this example. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a video separation diagram illustrating a state where the special effect printing surface of the focal length printing layer according to the present invention is subjected to video separation work through computer graphics. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a halftone dot showing a halftone dot structure by offset printing by continuously enlarging a part of FIG. 7. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which convex lenses are arranged with an inclination of 45 ° in the convex lens layer according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which convex lenses are arranged with an inclination of 60 ° in the convex lens layer according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the inclination-angle of the 4 degree | times halftone dot by which the offset printing concerning embodiment of this invention is performed. It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the bottom face of a solid sheet in other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3D sheet 10 Convex lens layer 11 Convex lens 12 Perspective window 20 Transparent board 31 Non-focal length printing layer 32 Focal length printing layer 33 Relief pattern 33a Groove

Claims (4)

A convex lens layer formed of a flat transparent synthetic resin having hemispherical convex lenses arranged vertically and horizontally on its upper surface;
A transparent plate formed of a synthetic resin plate located below the convex lens layer and having a thickness corresponding to the focal length of the convex lens;
A non-focal length printed layer formed by offset printing on the upper surface of the transparent plate and configured to allow a real photograph to be seen;
A focal length printing layer configured to display a three-dimensional screen by printing four-color halftone dots on an image formed by offset printing on the bottom surface of the transparent plate and separated by computer graphics;
With
The convex lens layer, the transparent plate including the non-focal length printing layer, and the focal length printing layer are bonded to each other,
Three-dimensional plastic sheet.   A convex lens layer formed of a flat transparent synthetic resin, on the upper surface of which hemispherical convex lenses are arranged vertically and horizontally, and part of which is formed with a transparent see-through window;
  A transparent plate formed by a synthetic resin plate located below the convex lens layer and having a thickness corresponding to the focal length of the convex lens;
  A focal length printing layer configured to display a three-dimensional screen by printing four-color halftone dots on an image formed by offset printing on the bottom surface of the transparent plate and separated by computer graphics;
  A non-focal length printed layer formed on a part of the focal length printed layer and configured to be positioned directly below the fluoroscopic window so that a real photograph can be seen;
With
  The convex lens layer, the transparent plate, and the focal length printed layer including the non-focal length printed layer are bonded to each other,
  Three-dimensional plastic sheet. The focal length printed layer is not formed on the bottom surface of the transparent plate,
Protruding relief patterns are formed that are arranged vertically and horizontally,
A groove formed between the relief patterns is formed at a focal position of the convex lens,
The three-dimensional plastic sheet according to claim 1 or 2 . Based on the density of the convex lenses arranged in the convex lens layer, the inclination angles of 4 degree (C, M, Y, K) halftone dots printed by offset printing are set to be different from each other, and moire phenomenon or visual Minimizing random disturbances,
The three-dimensional plastic sheet according to claim 1.