JP4449885B2 - Secondary battery protection device - Google Patents

Secondary battery protection device Download PDF

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JP4449885B2
JP4449885B2 JP2005312388A JP2005312388A JP4449885B2 JP 4449885 B2 JP4449885 B2 JP 4449885B2 JP 2005312388 A JP2005312388 A JP 2005312388A JP 2005312388 A JP2005312388 A JP 2005312388A JP 4449885 B2 JP4449885 B2 JP 4449885B2
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secondary battery
temperature
detection circuit
semiconductor device
discharge
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JP2007124775A (en
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雅俊 杉本
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Description

本発明は、電子機器等で使用される二次電池を異常過熱状態から保護する二次電池保護装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a secondary battery protection device for protecting a secondary battery used in an electronic device or the like from an abnormal overheating state.

電子機器等で使用されている二次電池は、例えばその電池保護回路とともに電池パック内に収容されて、電子機器等に電力を供給するとともに、充電器により外部から充電が可能になっており、集積化された電池保護回路とその出力端子を有するものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、二次電池を異常温度から保護するために専用のＦＥＴと温度計測素子を設けることも提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。   A secondary battery used in an electronic device or the like is housed in a battery pack together with the battery protection circuit, for example, and supplies power to the electronic device or the like, and can be charged from the outside by a charger. One having an integrated battery protection circuit and its output terminal is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition, it has also been proposed to provide a dedicated FET and a temperature measuring element to protect the secondary battery from abnormal temperatures (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

図７はこのような従来の二次電池を異常状態から保護する二次電池保護装置の構成図である。この二次電池保護装置は、電池保護集積回路１としてＩＣ化されており、二次電池２とともに電池パック３内に収容されている。   FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a secondary battery protection device that protects such a conventional secondary battery from an abnormal state. The secondary battery protection device is integrated as an IC as the battery protection integrated circuit 1 and is housed in the battery pack 3 together with the secondary battery 2.

電池保護集積回路１は、二次電池２の放電制御用の半導体デバイスである放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電制御用の半導体デバイスである充電ＦＥＴＱ２のオン（ＯＮ）、オフ（ＯＦＦ）を制御する制御回路１１と、二次電池２の過充電、過放電及び二次電池２に流れる過電流をそれぞれ検出する過充電検出回路１２、過放電検出回路１３及び過電流検出回路１４と、電池パック３内の温度を検出するための温度計測素子１７を備えている。なお、特許文献１には、リチウムイオン電池の温度を監視する温度検出回路を電池保護集積回路内に設けたものが開示されている。   The battery protection integrated circuit 1 includes a control circuit 11 that controls on / off of a discharge FET Q1 that is a semiconductor device for discharge control of the secondary battery 2 and a charge FET Q2 that is a semiconductor device for charge control. The overcharge detection circuit 12, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 and the overcurrent detection circuit 14 for detecting overcharge, overdischarge of the secondary battery 2 and overcurrent flowing through the secondary battery 2, respectively, and the temperature inside the battery pack 3 A temperature measuring element 17 for detection is provided. Patent Document 1 discloses a battery protection integrated circuit in which a temperature detection circuit for monitoring the temperature of a lithium ion battery is provided.

また、電池パック３には、二次電池２のプラス（＋）側、マイナス（−）側の出力端子Ｔ１，Ｔ２が設けられており、これらの出力端子Ｔ１，Ｔ２は、二次電池２の充電時には充電器からの充電電流が入力される入力端子となる。Ｔ４は温度計測素子１７の出力端子、Ｄ１，Ｄ２は放電ＦＥＴＱ１、充電ＦＥＴＱ２の寄生ダイオードを示している。   Further, the battery pack 3 is provided with output terminals T1 and T2 on the plus (+) side and minus (−) side of the secondary battery 2, and these output terminals T1 and T2 are connected to the secondary battery 2. At the time of charging, it becomes an input terminal to which a charging current from the charger is input. T4 indicates an output terminal of the temperature measuring element 17, and D1 and D2 indicate parasitic diodes of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2.

充電時、電池パック３の過充電検出回路１２は、二次電池２が過充電されないように電池電圧を監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過充電設定電圧より低い場合、過充電検出回路１２は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＨ（Ｈｉｇｈ）レベルにし、充電ＦＥＴＱ２をオンにして充電電流を通電させる。過充電検出回路１２が過充電設定電圧より高い電池電圧を検出した場合、過充電検出回路１２は過充電状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過充電状態では、制御回路１１は充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬ（Ｌｏｗ）レベルにし、充電ＦＥＴＱ２をオフにして充電電流を切断させる。   During charging, the overcharge detection circuit 12 of the battery pack 3 monitors the battery voltage so that the secondary battery 2 is not overcharged. When the detected voltage is lower than the preset overcharge setting voltage, the overcharge detection circuit 12 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in the normal state. In the normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the charge FET Q2 to H (High) level, turns on the charge FET Q2, and energizes the charge current. When the overcharge detection circuit 12 detects a battery voltage higher than the overcharge setting voltage, the overcharge detection circuit 12 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overcharge state. In the overcharge state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the charge FET Q2 to L (Low) level, turns off the charge FET Q2, and disconnects the charge current.

また、充電時、上記の充電器は、電池パック３内の温度計測素子１７の出力信号により電池パック３の温度を監視しており、異常過熱を検出した場合は充電が停止する。
放電時、電池パック３の過放電検出回路１３は、二次電池２が過放電にならないように電池電圧を監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過放電設定電圧より高い場合、過放電検出回路１３は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＨレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオンにして放電電流を通電させる。過放電検出回路１３が過放電設定電圧より低い電池電圧を検出した場合、過放電検出回路１３は過放電状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過放電状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＬレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオフにして放電電流を切断させる。 Further, at the time of charging, the charger monitors the temperature of the battery pack 3 based on the output signal of the temperature measuring element 17 in the battery pack 3, and charging is stopped when abnormal overheating is detected.
During discharge, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 of the battery pack 3 monitors the battery voltage so that the secondary battery 2 does not overdischarge. When the detected voltage is higher than the preset overdischarge set voltage, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in a normal state. In a normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to the H level, turns on the discharge FET Q1, and energizes the discharge current. When the overdischarge detection circuit 13 detects a battery voltage lower than the overdischarge setting voltage, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overdischarge state. In the overdischarge state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to L level, turns off the discharge FET Q1, and cuts the discharge current.

また、放電時、電池パック３の過電流検出回路１４は、二次電池２を異常負荷あるいは負荷短絡による過電流から保護するため、放電ＦＥＴＱ１と充電ＦＥＴＱ２に流れる電流を電圧値に変換して監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過電流設定電圧より低い場合、過電流検出回路１４は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＨレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオンにして放電電流を通電させる。過電流検出回路１４が過電流設定電圧より高い電圧を検出した場合、過電流検出回路１４は過電流状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過電流状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＬレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオフにして放電電流を切断させる。
特開２００３−１７３８２５号公報 特開２０００−１５２５１６号公報 Further, at the time of discharging, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 of the battery pack 3 converts the current flowing through the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 into a voltage value and monitors it in order to protect the secondary battery 2 from overcurrent due to abnormal load or load short circuit. is doing. When the detected voltage is lower than the preset overcurrent setting voltage, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in the normal state. In a normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to the H level, turns on the discharge FET Q1, and energizes the discharge current. When the overcurrent detection circuit 14 detects a voltage higher than the overcurrent setting voltage, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overcurrent state. In the overcurrent state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to L level, turns off the discharge FET Q1, and cuts the discharge current.
JP 2003-173825 A JP 2000-152516 A

ところで、上記のような従来の二次電池保護装置においては、充放電制御用の半導体素子は温度を検出していないので、その異常過熱による破損から保護することができないという問題点がある。温度を検出するためには、専用の半導体部品及び温度計測素子が必要で、部品点数が増えるとともに、損失も増えてしまう。   By the way, in the conventional secondary battery protection apparatus as described above, since the temperature of the semiconductor element for charge / discharge control is not detected, there is a problem that it cannot be protected from damage due to abnormal overheating. In order to detect the temperature, a dedicated semiconductor component and a temperature measuring element are required, and the number of components increases and the loss also increases.

本発明は、このような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、専用の半導体部品及び温度計測素子を必要とすることなく、充放電制御用の半導体素子を異常過熱から保護することができるとともに、電池パックの小型化が可能な二次電池保護装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such points, and can protect a semiconductor element for charge / discharge control from abnormal overheating without requiring a dedicated semiconductor component and a temperature measuring element, An object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery protection device capable of downsizing a battery pack.

本発明では上記課題を解決するために、集積回路化された二次電池保護装置であって、二次電池の放電電流を制御する放電制御用の半導体デバイスと、前記二次電池の充電電流を制御する充電制御用の半導体デバイスと、前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスのオン、オフを制御する制御回路と、前記二次電池の異常状態を検出する異常検出回路と、前記二次電池を収容した電池パック、前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスの温度を検出する温度計測素子及び温度検出回路と、を有し、前記温度検出回路は、第１の所定値及び該第１の所定値より大きな第２の所定値が設定され、前記温度検出回路により検出した温度が前記第１の所定値に達すると前記二次電池の過熱を検出したと判断し、その後前記温度検出回路により検出した温度が前記第２の所定値に達すると前記半導体デバイスの過熱を検出したと判断し、前記制御回路は、前記異常検出回路の検出結果に応じて前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスのオン、オフを制御するとともに、前記温度検出回路が前記二次電池の過熱を検出したと判断すると所定時間後に前記半導体デバイスをオフする制御を開始し、前記温度検出回路が前記各半導体デバイスの過熱を検出したと判断すると前記各半導体デバイスを直ちにオフすることを特徴とする二次電池保護装置が提供される。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an integrated circuit secondary battery protection device comprising: a discharge control semiconductor device that controls a discharge current of a secondary battery; and a charge current of the secondary battery. A semiconductor device for charge control to be controlled, a control circuit for controlling on / off of the semiconductor device for discharge control and the semiconductor device for charge control, and an abnormality detection circuit for detecting an abnormal state of the secondary battery; A battery pack containing the secondary battery, a semiconductor device for discharge control and a temperature measuring element and a temperature detection circuit for detecting the temperature of the semiconductor device for charge control, and the temperature detection circuit , When a first predetermined value and a second predetermined value larger than the first predetermined value are set and the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit reaches the first predetermined value, the overheating of the secondary battery is detected. Determines that the judges that subsequently the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit detects the overheat of the semiconductor device to reach the second predetermined value, the control circuit according to a detection result of the abnormality detecting circuit The semiconductor device for controlling discharge and the semiconductor device for controlling charging are turned on and off, and when the temperature detection circuit determines that the secondary battery is overheated, the semiconductor device is turned off after a predetermined time. When the temperature detection circuit determines that the semiconductor device has detected overheating, the secondary battery protection device is immediately turned off .

本発明の二次電池保護装置は、二次電池を収容した電池パックの温度と、放電制御用の半導体デバイスと充電制御用の半導体デバイスの温度を測定する温度計測素子、及び温度検出回路が内蔵されているので、電池パックの温度測定用のものとは別に専用の半導体部品及び温度計測素子を必要とすることなく、充放電制御用の半導体素子を異常過熱から保護することができるとともに、電池パックの小型化が可能になるという利点がある。 The secondary battery protection device of the present invention includes a temperature measuring element for measuring the temperature of the battery pack containing the secondary battery, the temperature of the semiconductor device for discharge control and the semiconductor device for charge control , and a temperature detection circuit. Therefore, it is possible to protect the semiconductor element for charge / discharge control from abnormal overheating without the need for a dedicated semiconductor component and temperature measuring element separately from those for measuring the temperature of the battery pack. There is an advantage that the pack can be miniaturized.

また、温度検出回路により検出した温度が第１の所定値に達すると一旦二次電池の過熱を検出したと判断し、その後温度検出回路により検出した温度が第２の所定値まで達すると半導体デバイスの過熱を検出したと判断することにより、半導体デバイスの過熱と二次電池の過熱を識別して、一つの温度計測素子だけで集積回路化された二次電池保護装置自体の異常と二次電池２の異常を区別して保護することができる。 Further, it is determined that the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit detects the overheating once the secondary battery reaches the first predetermined value and the temperature detected by the after temperature detection circuit reaches a second predetermined value By judging that the overheating of the semiconductor device has been detected, the overheating of the semiconductor device and the overheating of the secondary battery are distinguished, and the abnormality of the secondary battery protection device itself integrated into an integrated circuit with only one temperature measuring element is detected. The abnormality of the secondary battery 2 can be distinguished and protected .

以下、本発明の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置を図面を参照して説明する。
図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。この二次電池保護装置は、集積回路化された電池保護集積回路１として構成され、リチウム電池からなる二次電池２とともに電池パック３内に収容されている。 Hereinafter, a secondary battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a secondary battery protection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The secondary battery protection device is configured as an integrated circuit battery protection integrated circuit 1 and is housed in a battery pack 3 together with a secondary battery 2 made of a lithium battery.

電池保護集積回路１は、二次電池２の放電電流を制御する放電制御用の半導体デバイスである放電ＦＥＴＱ１及びこの放電ＦＥＴＱ１と直列に接続され二次電池２の充電電流を制御する充電制御用の半導体デバイスである充電ＦＥＴＱ２と、これらの放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２のオン、オフを制御する制御回路１１と、二次電池２の異常状態を検出する異常検出回路として設けられた二次電池２の過充電、過放電及び二次電池２に流れる過電流をそれぞれ検出する過充電検出回路１２、過放電検出回路１３及び過電流検出回路１４と、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の温度を検出する温度センサ（温度計測素子）１６及び過熱検出回路（温度検出回路）１５を有している。   The battery protection integrated circuit 1 includes a discharge FET Q1 which is a semiconductor device for discharge control for controlling the discharge current of the secondary battery 2 and a charge control for controlling the charge current of the secondary battery 2 connected in series with the discharge FET Q1. Overcharge of the charge FETQ2 which is a semiconductor device, a control circuit 11 for controlling on / off of the discharge FETQ1 and the charge FETQ2, and an abnormality detection circuit for detecting an abnormal state of the secondary battery 2 Overcharge detection circuit 12, overdischarge detection circuit 13 and overcurrent detection circuit 14 for detecting charge, overdischarge and overcurrent flowing through secondary battery 2, respectively, and temperature sensors (temperatures) for detecting temperatures of discharge FETQ1 and charge FETQ2 It has a measuring element) 16 and an overheat detection circuit (temperature detection circuit) 15.

上記温度センサ１６及び過熱検出回路１５は、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の温度を検出する。そして、制御回路１１は、上記の異常検出回路及び過熱検出回路１５の検出結果に応じて放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２のオン、オフを制御する。Ｄ１，Ｄ２は放電ＦＥＴＱ１、充電ＦＥＴＱ２の寄生ダイオードを示している。   The temperature sensor 16 and the overheat detection circuit 15 detect the temperatures of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2. Then, the control circuit 11 controls on / off of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 according to the detection results of the abnormality detection circuit and the overheat detection circuit 15. D1 and D2 indicate parasitic diodes of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2.

また、電池パック３には、二次電池２のプラス側、マイナス側の出力端子Ｔ１，Ｔ２が設けられており、これらの出力端子Ｔ１，Ｔ２は、二次電池２の充電時には充電器からの充電電流が入力される入力端子となる。   Further, the battery pack 3 is provided with positive and negative output terminals T1 and T2 of the secondary battery 2, and these output terminals T1 and T2 are supplied from the charger when the secondary battery 2 is charged. This is an input terminal to which charging current is input.

次に、上記のように構成された電池保護集積回路１の動作について説明する。過充電検出回路１２、過放電検出回路１３及び過電流検出回路１４の動作は、図７に示す従来例と同様である。   Next, the operation of the battery protection integrated circuit 1 configured as described above will be described. The operations of the overcharge detection circuit 12, the overdischarge detection circuit 13, and the overcurrent detection circuit 14 are the same as those of the conventional example shown in FIG.

充電時、電池パック３の過充電検出回路１２は、二次電池２が過充電されないように電池電圧を監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過充電設定電圧より低い場合、過充電検出回路１２は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＨレベルにし、充電ＦＥＴＱ２をオンにして充電電流を通電させる。過充電検出回路１２が過充電設定電圧より高い電池電圧を検出した場合、過充電検出回路１２は過充電状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過充電状態では、制御回路１１は充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬレベルにし、充電ＦＥＴＱ２をオフにして充電電流を切断させる。   During charging, the overcharge detection circuit 12 of the battery pack 3 monitors the battery voltage so that the secondary battery 2 is not overcharged. When the detected voltage is lower than the preset overcharge setting voltage, the overcharge detection circuit 12 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in the normal state. In the normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the charge FET Q2 to the H level, turns on the charge FET Q2, and energizes the charge current. When the overcharge detection circuit 12 detects a battery voltage higher than the overcharge setting voltage, the overcharge detection circuit 12 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overcharge state. In the overcharge state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the charge FET Q2 to L level, turns off the charge FET Q2, and cuts off the charge current.

放電時、電池パック３の過放電検出回路１３は、二次電池２が過放電にならないように電池電圧を監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過放電設定電圧より高い場合、過放電検出回路１３は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＨレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオンにして放電電流を通電させる。過放電検出回路１３が過放電設定電圧より低い電池電圧を検出した場合、過放電検出回路１３は過放電状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過放電状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＬレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオフにして放電電流を切断させる。   During discharge, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 of the battery pack 3 monitors the battery voltage so that the secondary battery 2 does not overdischarge. When the detected voltage is higher than the preset overdischarge set voltage, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in a normal state. In a normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to the H level, turns on the discharge FET Q1, and energizes the discharge current. When the overdischarge detection circuit 13 detects a battery voltage lower than the overdischarge setting voltage, the overdischarge detection circuit 13 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overdischarge state. In the overdischarge state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to L level, turns off the discharge FET Q1, and cuts the discharge current.

また、放電時、電池パック３の過電流検出回路１４は、二次電池２を異常負荷あるいは負荷短絡による過電流から保護するため、放電ＦＥＴＱ１と充電ＦＥＴＱ２に流れる電流を電圧値に変換して監視している。検出電圧が予め設定された過電流設定電圧より低い場合、過電流検出回路１４は通常状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。通常状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＨレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオンにして放電電流を通電させる。過電流検出回路１４が過電流設定電圧より高い電圧を検出した場合、過電流検出回路１４は過電流状態であることを制御回路１１に通知する。過電流状態では、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１のゲートをＬレベルにし、放電ＦＥＴＱ１をオフにして放電電流を切断させる。   Further, at the time of discharging, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 of the battery pack 3 converts the current flowing through the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 into a voltage value and monitors it in order to protect the secondary battery 2 from overcurrent due to abnormal load or load short circuit. is doing. When the detected voltage is lower than the preset overcurrent setting voltage, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in the normal state. In the normal state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to the H level, turns on the discharge FET Q1, and energizes the discharge current. When the overcurrent detection circuit 14 detects a voltage higher than the overcurrent set voltage, the overcurrent detection circuit 14 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an overcurrent state. In the overcurrent state, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 to L level, turns off the discharge FET Q1, and cuts the discharge current.

ここで、本実施の形態では、放電制御用の放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電制御用の充電ＦＥＴＱ２と上述の電池保護用の各検出回路１２〜１４及び制御回路１１が一体となったＩＣ（集積回路）内に、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の温度を検出する温度センサ１６及び過熱検出回路１５が内蔵されている。温度センサ１６は放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の近くに配置することが望ましい。このため、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２が充放電時に過電流で異常過熱状態になると、過熱検出回路１５は制御回路１１に異常状態であることを通知し、制御回路１１は放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬレベルにして充放電電流を切断させることができる。したがって、専用の半導体部品及び温度計測素子を必要とすることなく、充放電制御用の放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２を異常過熱から保護することができるとともに、電池パック３の小型化が可能になる。   In this embodiment, the discharge FET Q1 for discharge control and the charge FET Q2 for charge control, the above-described detection circuits 12 to 14 for battery protection, and the control circuit 11 are integrated in an integrated circuit (IC). Further, a temperature sensor 16 and an overheat detection circuit 15 for detecting the temperatures of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 are incorporated. The temperature sensor 16 is preferably disposed near the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2. For this reason, when the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 are abnormally overheated due to overcurrent at the time of charge / discharge, the overheat detection circuit 15 notifies the control circuit 11 that it is in an abnormal state, and the control circuit 11 gates the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2. The charge / discharge current can be cut off at a low level. Accordingly, the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 for charge / discharge control can be protected from abnormal overheating without requiring dedicated semiconductor components and temperature measuring elements, and the battery pack 3 can be downsized.

図２は本発明の第２の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。本実施の形態では、過熱検出回路１５により検出した温度が設定値を超えた場合に温度異常信号を出力するための温度異常信号出力端子Ｔ３を有している。その他は図１と同様の構成である。   FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the secondary battery protection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, there is a temperature abnormality signal output terminal T3 for outputting a temperature abnormality signal when the temperature detected by the overheat detection circuit 15 exceeds a set value. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

過熱検出回路１５は、予め設定された異常過熱設定温度より高い温度を検出すると、制御回路１１に放電ＦＥＴＱ１もしくは充電ＦＥＴＱ２が異常過熱状態であることを通知する。このとき制御回路１１は、放電ＦＥＴＱ１もしくは充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬレベルにして通電電流を切断させるとともに、温度異常信号を温度異常信号出力端子Ｔ３から外部に出力する。これにより、過熱異常アラームを鳴らしたり、表示することができる。   When the overheat detection circuit 15 detects a temperature higher than a preset abnormal overheat set temperature, the overheat detection circuit 15 notifies the control circuit 11 that the discharge FET Q1 or the charge FET Q2 is in an abnormal overheat state. At this time, the control circuit 11 sets the gate of the discharge FET Q1 or the charge FET Q2 to L level to cut off the energization current and outputs a temperature abnormality signal from the temperature abnormality signal output terminal T3 to the outside. Thereby, an overheat abnormality alarm can be sounded or displayed.

図３は本発明の第３の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。本実施の形態では、温度センサ１６に、上述の放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の異常過熱設定温度が設定された過熱検出回路１５ａ（過熱検出回路１５に相当）と二次電池２の異常過熱設定温度が設定された過熱検出回路１５ｂを接続している。そして、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２付近に温度センサ１６を設けた電池保護集積回路１を二次電池２の近傍に配置することで、二次電池２の温度が上記の異常過熱設定温度を超えた場合に制御回路１１に異常過熱状態であることを通知し、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬレベルにして充放電電流を切断させ、二次電池２を保護することができる。   FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the secondary battery protection device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 16 has an overheat detection circuit 15a (corresponding to the overheat detection circuit 15) in which the above-described abnormal overheat set temperatures of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 are set, and an abnormal overheat set temperature of the secondary battery 2. The set overheat detection circuit 15b is connected. When the battery protection integrated circuit 1 provided with the temperature sensor 16 in the vicinity of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 is disposed in the vicinity of the secondary battery 2, the temperature of the secondary battery 2 exceeds the above abnormal overheat set temperature. The control circuit 11 is notified of the abnormal overheating state, the gates of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 are set to L level, the charge / discharge current is cut off, and the secondary battery 2 can be protected.

図４は本発明の第４の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。本実施の形態では、図２の実施の形態と同様、過熱検出回路１５ａ，１５ｂにより検出した温度が設定値を超えた場合に温度異常信号を出力するための温度異常信号出力端子Ｔ３を有している。その他は図３と同様の構成である。   FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a secondary battery protection device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 2, there is a temperature abnormality signal output terminal T3 for outputting a temperature abnormality signal when the temperature detected by the overheat detection circuits 15a and 15b exceeds a set value. ing. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

過熱検出回路１５ａ，１５ｂは、予め設定された異常過熱設定温度より高い温度を検出すると、制御回路１１に放電ＦＥＴＱ１もしくは充電ＦＥＴＱ２が異常過熱状態、あるいは二次電池２が異常過熱状態であることを通知する。このとき制御回路１１は、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２のゲートをＬレベルにして通電電流を切断させるとともに、温度異常信号を温度異常信号出力端子Ｔ３から外部に出力する。これにより、過熱異常アラームを鳴らしたり、表示することができる。   When the overheat detection circuits 15a and 15b detect a temperature higher than a preset abnormal overheat set temperature, the control circuit 11 indicates that the discharge FET Q1 or the charge FET Q2 is in an abnormal overheat state or the secondary battery 2 is in an abnormal overheat state. Notice. At this time, the control circuit 11 sets the gates of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 to L level to cut off the energization current and outputs a temperature abnormality signal from the temperature abnormality signal output terminal T3 to the outside. Thereby, an overheat abnormality alarm can be sounded or displayed.

以上、本発明の各実施の形態について説明したが、第３、第４の実施の形態では、電池パック３内にある一つの温度センサ１６により放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の充放電時の通電電流による温度上昇を測定し、さらに、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の温度のみならず、二次電池２の温度も検出可能にしている。そして、二次電池２や放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２と電池保護集積回路１内の各部が損傷する温度を超えた場合に、過熱検出回路１５，１５ａ，１５ｂは制御回路１１に異常過熱状態を通知する。 As mentioned above, although each embodiment of this invention was described, in 3rd, 4th embodiment, it is based on the electric current at the time of charging / discharging of discharge FETQ1 and charge FETQ2 by one temperature sensor 16 in the battery pack 3. FIG. The temperature rise is measured, and not only the temperature of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 but also the temperature of the secondary battery 2 can be detected. The overheat detection circuits 15, 15 a, and 15 b notify the control circuit 11 of an abnormal overheat state when the temperature at which the secondary battery 2, the discharge FET Q 1, the charge FET Q 2, and each part in the battery protection integrated circuit 1 are damaged is exceeded. .

ここで、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２と電池保護集積回路１内の各部が損傷する温度は、通常半導体の最大ジャンクション温度未満に設定されるが、このジャンクション温度はトランジスタの接合部の温度をさし、温度が上昇してくると結晶の熱じょう乱が激しくなり、多数の電子・正孔対が発生し、正常な動作が得られなくなり、素子破壊に至ることがある。通常の最大ジャンクション温度はシリコン素子で１５０〜１７５℃であるが、エポキシ樹脂封止の場合は〜１２５℃に制限する。第１ないし第４の実施の形態の電池保護集積回路１の場合、電池保護集積回路１に内蔵した放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の内部抵抗により過熱し、ジャンクション温度を上昇させる。なお、第１ないし第４の実施の形態では電池保護集積回路１及び二次電池２の保護を目的としているので、電池保護集積回路１が損傷する温度以上では正常動作する必要はない。 Here, the temperature at which each part in the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 and the battery protection integrated circuit 1 is damaged is normally set to be lower than the maximum junction temperature of the semiconductor, but this junction temperature refers to the temperature of the junction of the transistor, When the temperature rises, the thermal disturbance of the crystal becomes intense, and a large number of electron / hole pairs are generated, so that normal operation cannot be obtained and the device may be destroyed. The normal maximum junction temperature is 150 to 175 ° C. for silicon elements, but is limited to ˜125 ° C. for epoxy resin sealing. In the case of the battery protection integrated circuit 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, overheating is caused by the internal resistances of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 built in the battery protection integrated circuit 1, and the junction temperature is raised. In the first to fourth embodiments, since the purpose is to protect the battery protection integrated circuit 1 and the secondary battery 2, it is not necessary to operate normally above the temperature at which the battery protection integrated circuit 1 is damaged.

図５は過熱検出回路１５の具体的構成例を示す図である。温度センサ１６は、ダイオードの温度特性を利用したバンドギャップ電圧方式を用いている。過熱検出回路１５は、定電流源Ｉｓ、基準電圧源Ｖｓ及びコンパレータＱ３からなり、温度センサ１６の電圧と基準電圧をコンパレータＱ３で比較することで、過熱検出出力を得ている。過熱検出回路１５ａ，１５ｂも同様の構成である。   FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a specific configuration example of the overheat detection circuit 15. The temperature sensor 16 uses a band gap voltage method that utilizes the temperature characteristics of the diode. The overheat detection circuit 15 includes a constant current source Is, a reference voltage source Vs, and a comparator Q3, and obtains an overheat detection output by comparing the voltage of the temperature sensor 16 with the reference voltage by the comparator Q3. The overheat detection circuits 15a and 15b have the same configuration.

また、電池保護集積回路１の異常、つまり放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の過熱や負荷短絡で放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２に過電流が流れた場合、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２は急激に温度上昇する。これを検出して保護する方法としては、図３の一方の過熱検出回路１５ａの異常過熱設定温度を放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の最大ジャンクション温度未満（１２５〜１５０℃程度）に設定し、異常過熱設定温度を検出した場合は瞬時に放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の通電を切断させる。   In addition, when an overcurrent flows through the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 due to an abnormality in the battery protection integrated circuit 1, that is, overheating of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 or a load short circuit, the temperature of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 rapidly increases. As a method for detecting and protecting this, the abnormal overheat setting temperature of one of the overheat detection circuits 15a in FIG. 3 is set to be lower than the maximum junction temperature (about 125 to 150 ° C.) of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2, and the abnormal overheat setting is performed. When the temperature is detected, the energization of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 is instantaneously cut off.

また、二次電池２の異常や過充電，過放電により二次電池２が過熱する場合、二次電池２の熱容量が大きいのでゆっくり温度上昇する。これを検出して保護する方法としては、電池温度を検出するもう一方の過熱検出回路１５ｂの異常過熱設定温度を二次電池２の異常過熱温度（通常８０℃程度）に設定し、異常過熱設定温度を検出した場合は数秒遅延時間を持たせて放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の通電を切断させる。これにより、一つの温度センサ１６で電池保護集積回路１の異常と二次電池２の異常を区別して保護することができる。   Further, when the secondary battery 2 is overheated due to an abnormality, overcharge, or overdischarge of the secondary battery 2, the secondary battery 2 has a large heat capacity, so that the temperature rises slowly. As a method of detecting and protecting this, the abnormal overheat setting temperature of the other overheat detection circuit 15b for detecting the battery temperature is set to the abnormal overheat temperature (usually about 80 ° C.) of the secondary battery 2 to set the abnormal overheat setting. When the temperature is detected, the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 are deenergized with a delay time of several seconds. Thereby, the abnormality of the battery protection integrated circuit 1 and the abnormality of the secondary battery 2 can be distinguished and protected by one temperature sensor 16.

すなわち、過熱検出回路１５ｂは温度センサ１６が二次電池２の異常過熱温度を測定した時点で一旦二次電池２に関する異常と判断し、数秒後に放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の通電を切断させることにする。その際に、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２に過電流が流れていなければ、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の通電が切断されるまでの数秒で最大ジャンクション温度まで温度が上昇することはなく、数秒後に通電を切断すれば当然その後も過熱検出回路１５ａが最大ジャンクション温度を検出することはない。逆に、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２に過電流が流れていれば、過熱検出回路１５ｂが二次電池２の異常過熱温度を検知してからごく短時間で過熱検出回路１５ａでは最大ジャンクション温度を検出することになる。すなわち、過熱検出回路１５ｂが応答した時点では二次電池２に関する異常であるか、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２に過電流が流れているのか判断できないので、一旦二次電池に関する異常としての処理を開始するが、その後過熱検出回路１５ａが応答することで、放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２に過電流が流れていると判断できるので、その場合は瞬時に放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２の通電を切断させるのである。
That is, when the temperature sensor 16 measures the abnormal overheat temperature of the secondary battery 2, the overheat detection circuit 15 b determines that the abnormality is related to the secondary battery 2, and after a few seconds, turns off the energization of the discharge FET Q <b> 1 and the charge FET Q <b> 2. . At that time, the discharge FETQ1 and unless overcurrent flows in the charging FETQ2, never energized discharge FETQ1 and charging FETQ2 is temperature until maximum junction temperature in a few seconds to be cut is increased, after a few seconds If the current is cut off, naturally the overheat detection circuit 15a will not detect the maximum junction temperature thereafter. Conversely, if an overcurrent flows through the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2, the overheat detection circuit 15b detects the maximum junction temperature in a very short time after the overheat detection circuit 15b detects the abnormal overheat temperature of the secondary battery 2. It will be. That is, whether the abnormality relating to the secondary battery 2 at the time of the overheat detecting circuit 15b responds, since overcurrent discharge FETQ1 and charging FETQ2 is not possible to determine whether the flow, once started the process of the abnormality relating to rechargeable batteries However, since the overheat detection circuit 15a then responds, it can be determined that an overcurrent is flowing through the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2. In this case, the energization of the discharge FET Q1 and the charge FET Q2 is instantaneously cut off.

図６は電池パック３の構造例を示す図である。通常、リチウム電池パックは、二次電池２と電池保護集積回路１が実装されたプリント板４で構成され、電池保護集積回路１は熱が伝わりやすいように熱伝導シート（グリス）５を介して二次電池２に密着固定される。温度センサ１６と放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２は、電池保護集積回路１内に置かれるので、温度センサ１６の温度はＭＯＳ（放電ＦＥＴＱ１及び充電ＦＥＴＱ２）の温度とほぼ同じ温度になる。二次電池２と電池保護集積回路１とは距離があるので、二次電池２の温度は電池パッケージ、ＩＣパッケージ、熱伝導シート（グリス）５等の熱抵抗を介して測定することになる。したがって、それらの誤差を考慮して異常過熱設定温度を設定する必要がある。   FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a structure example of the battery pack 3. Usually, the lithium battery pack is composed of a printed board 4 on which a secondary battery 2 and a battery protection integrated circuit 1 are mounted. The battery protection integrated circuit 1 is interposed via a heat conductive sheet (grease) 5 so that heat can be easily transmitted. The secondary battery 2 is tightly fixed. Since the temperature sensor 16, the discharge FET Q1, and the charge FET Q2 are placed in the battery protection integrated circuit 1, the temperature of the temperature sensor 16 becomes substantially the same as the temperature of the MOS (discharge FET Q1 and charge FET Q2). Since there is a distance between the secondary battery 2 and the battery protection integrated circuit 1, the temperature of the secondary battery 2 is measured via a thermal resistance such as a battery package, an IC package, or a heat conductive sheet (grease) 5. Therefore, it is necessary to set the abnormal overheat set temperature in consideration of these errors.

本発明の第１の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the secondary battery protection apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the secondary battery protection apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the secondary battery protection apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施の形態の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the secondary battery protection apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 過熱検出回路の具体的構成例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the specific structural example of an overheat detection circuit. 電池パックの構造例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of a battery pack. 従来の二次電池保護装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the conventional secondary battery protection apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 電池保護集積回路
２ 二次電池
３ 電池パック
１１ 制御回路
１２ 過充電検出回路
１３ 過放電検出回路
１４ 過電流検出回路
１５，１５ａ，１５ｂ 過熱検出回路
１６ 温度センサ
Ｑ１ 放電ＦＥＴ
Ｑ２ 充電ＦＥＴ
Ｔ１，Ｔ２ 出力端子
Ｔ３ 温度異常信号出力端子
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery protection integrated circuit 2 Secondary battery 3 Battery pack 11 Control circuit 12 Overcharge detection circuit 13 Overdischarge detection circuit 14 Overcurrent detection circuit 15,15a, 15b Overheat detection circuit 16 Temperature sensor Q1 Discharge FET
Q2 Charge FET
T1, T2 output terminal T3 Temperature abnormal signal output terminal

Claims (3)

集積回路化された二次電池保護装置であって、
二次電池の放電電流を制御する放電制御用の半導体デバイスと、
前記二次電池の充電電流を制御する充電制御用の半導体デバイスと、
前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスのオン、オフを制御する制御回路と、
前記二次電池の異常状態を検出する異常検出回路と、
前記二次電池を収容した電池パック、前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスの温度を検出する温度計測素子及び温度検出回路と、を有し、
前記温度検出回路は、第１の所定値及び該第１の所定値より大きな第２の所定値が設定され、前記温度検出回路により検出した温度が前記第１の所定値に達すると前記二次電池の過熱を検出したと判断し、その後前記温度検出回路により検出した温度が前記第２の所定値に達すると前記半導体デバイスの過熱を検出したと判断し、
前記制御回路は、前記異常検出回路の検出結果に応じて前記放電制御用の半導体デバイス及び前記充電制御用の半導体デバイスのオン、オフを制御するとともに、前記温度検出回路が前記二次電池の過熱を検出したと判断すると所定時間後に前記半導体デバイスをオフする制御を開始し、前記温度検出回路が前記各半導体デバイスの過熱を検出したと判断すると前記各半導体デバイスを直ちにオフすることを特徴とする二次電池保護装置。 An integrated circuit secondary battery protection device comprising:
A semiconductor device for discharge control that controls the discharge current of the secondary battery;
A semiconductor device for charge control for controlling a charging current of the secondary battery;
A control circuit for controlling on / off of the semiconductor device for discharge control and the semiconductor device for charge control;
An abnormality detection circuit for detecting an abnormal state of the secondary battery;
A battery pack containing the secondary battery, a semiconductor device for discharge control, and a temperature measuring element and a temperature detection circuit for detecting the temperature of the semiconductor device for charge control,
The temperature detection circuit is set with a first predetermined value and a second predetermined value larger than the first predetermined value, and when the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit reaches the first predetermined value, It is determined that overheating of the battery is detected, and then it is determined that overheating of the semiconductor device is detected when the temperature detected by the temperature detection circuit reaches the second predetermined value,
The control circuit controls on / off of the semiconductor device for discharge control and the semiconductor device for charge control according to a detection result of the abnormality detection circuit, and the temperature detection circuit overheats the secondary battery. When it is determined that the semiconductor device is detected , control to turn off the semiconductor device is started after a predetermined time, and when the temperature detection circuit determines that overheating of the semiconductor device is detected, the semiconductor device is immediately turned off. Secondary battery protection device. 前記異常検出回路は、前記二次電池の過充電を検出する過充電検出回路と、前記二次電池の過放電を検出する過放電検出回路及び前記二次電池に流れる過電流を検出する過電流検出回路からなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の二次電池保護装置。   The abnormality detection circuit includes an overcharge detection circuit that detects overcharge of the secondary battery, an overdischarge detection circuit that detects overdischarge of the secondary battery, and an overcurrent that detects overcurrent flowing through the secondary battery. The secondary battery protection device according to claim 1, comprising a detection circuit. 前記温度検出回路により検出した温度が前記第１、及び第２の設定値を超えた場合に温度異常信号を出力するための温度異常信号出力端子を有していることを特徴とする請求項１記載の二次電池保護装置。 Claims, characterized in that the temperature detected by the previous SL temperature detecting circuit has a temperature abnormal signal output terminal for outputting a temperature abnormal signal when it exceeds the first and second set value 2. The secondary battery protection device according to 1.
JP2005312388A 2005-10-27 2005-10-27 Secondary battery protection device Expired - Fee Related JP4449885B2 (en)

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