JP4447022B2 - Driving warning system for transportation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a driving warning system for transportation means, and more particularly to a driving warning system for judging a relative position and distance between a transportation means and an object and recording a driving situation.

  While automobiles have become the main means of transportation, various electronic devices and systems have been developed to further improve driving safety and comfort. As is well known, reflectors (back mirrors, side mirrors) are installed inside and outside the vehicle to reduce the probability of an accident and to ensure driving safety. However, the security cannot be fulfilled by the reflector alone. For example, parallel parking and garage entry require advanced driving skills. Parking radar was developed to make it easier. Parking radar is an auxiliary device for parking, can measure the status of surrounding obstacles by laser reflection, and can notify the driver by voice or other means to prevent collision.

  The current parking radars emit ultrasonic waves and calculate the return time to measure the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle. However, since ultrasonic waves are easily attenuated in the air, this method is suitable only for short-distance collision prevention and not for long-distance applications between cars. In order to solve this problem, U.S. Pat. No. 4,552,456 discloses a technique for measuring the distance between vehicles by calculating the time difference between receiving and transmitting short waves. However, this method is not only expensive, but cannot detect that another vehicle enters the measurement range. In addition, U.S. Pat. No. 5,283,622 discloses a technique for determining the inter-vehicle distance based on changes in the intensity of reflected light. However, this method is not only greatly influenced by environmental conditions (fog, haze, etc.), but also cannot detect that another vehicle enters the measurement range. Note that the technology described in US Pat. No. 5,594,143 also cannot detect that another vehicle enters the measurement range. Therefore, a driving warning system having a long distance measurement function and capable of detecting that another vehicle enters the measurement range is a development target.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a driving warning system that determines the relative position and distance between a transportation means and an object.

  The present invention provides a driving warning system provided in a transportation means. The system includes: a first diffraction grating; a first light source that projects light onto the first diffraction grating to form a first diffraction pattern on the object; an image acquisition module that captures the first diffraction pattern; And a control module for determining the relative position of the vehicle and the object based on the first diffraction pattern captured in the image acquisition module.

  The present invention further provides a driving warning system provided in the transportation means. The system projects a light onto an object and forms a first pattern on the object; a second light source that projects light onto the object and forms a second pattern on the object; a first pattern and a second An image acquisition module that captures a pattern, and a control module that is electrically connected to the image acquisition module and calculates a distance between the transportation means and the object based on the first pattern and the second pattern captured in the image acquisition module. Including.

  The driving warning system according to the present invention detects that another vehicle has entered the warning range by taking and determining an image diffracted and imaged on the measurement object, and performs distance measurement regardless of length. Such a system is not affected by signal attenuation and environmental conditions, and can accurately determine the approach and distance of other vehicles.

  In order to describe the characteristics of such an apparatus in detail, a specific example will be given and described below with reference to the drawings.

  Please refer to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a driving warning system 10 for means of transportation according to the present invention. The driving warning system 10 is provided in a transportation means 11 (for example, a vehicle), and includes a first diffraction grating 12, a first light source 14 (for example, a laser light source) for projecting light onto the first diffraction grating 12, and a first A first optical module 16 that converts light from the light source 14 into a quasi-parallel beam and projects it onto the first diffraction grating 12 to form a first diffraction pattern 20 on an object 18 (for example, a vehicle), and a second diffraction grating 22. A second light source 24 for projecting light onto the second diffraction grating 22, and the light from the second light source 24 is converted into a quasi-parallel beam and projected onto the second diffraction grating 22, and the second light is projected onto the object 18. A second optical module 26 that forms the diffraction pattern 28, and a first diffraction pattern 20 and an image acquisition module 30 that captures the second diffraction pattern 28 are included. The image acquisition module 30 receives light from the sensing element 32 (CCD or CMOS) that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and the first diffraction pattern 20 and the second diffraction pattern 28, and forms an image on the sensing element 32. Unit 34.

  The driving alarm system 10 is further electrically connected to the image acquisition module 30, and based on the first diffraction pattern 20 and the second diffraction pattern 28 captured by the image acquisition module 30, A control module 36 for determining the position, an alarm interface 38 that is electrically connected to the control module 36 and issues a warning message by image or sound, and is electrically connected to the control module 36, and is connected between the transportation means 11 and the object 18. And a storage module 40 for storing information relating to the relative position. The control module 36 displays a warning message on the warning interface 38 to notify that the object 18 enters the warning range of the transportation means 11.

  Please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram in which the first diffraction grating 12 receives light to generate a diffraction pattern, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the first diffraction pattern 20, and FIG. 4 is a brightness distribution diagram of the first diffraction pattern 20. is there. The light from the first light source 14 is converted into a quasi-parallel beam by the first optical module 16 and then projected onto the first diffraction grating 12 to generate a diffraction ring whose brightness decreases gradually from the center to the outside. The first diffraction pattern 20 includes a first central bright ring 201, a first side bright ring 202 on one side of the first central bright ring 201, and a second side bright ring 203 on the other side of the first central bright ring 201. . Of course, there are many light rings with low lightness outside the first side light ring 202 and the second side light ring 203, but the present invention determines the relative position between the transportation means 11 and the object 18 only in the light ring. The standard. However, changing the quantity and position of the utilization ring does not exceed the scope of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the second diffraction pattern 28. The second diffraction pattern 28 includes a second central bright ring 281, a third lateral bright ring 282 on one side of the second central bright ring 281, and a fourth lateral bright ring 283 on the other side of the second central bright ring 281. . The light reception of the second diffraction grating 22 and the image formation of the second comment pattern 28 are both the same as described above.

  Please refer to FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relative positions of the transportation means 11 and the object 18. When the object 18 enters the first alarm range A1 (the area surrounded by the broken lines L1 and L2) of the transportation means 11, the first side bright ring 202 or the second side bright ring 203 of the first diffraction pattern 20 forms an image on the object 18. Then, the image acquisition module 30 receives light from the first side bright ring 202 or the second side bright ring 203 on the object 18 and transmits a corresponding signal to the control module 36. The control module 36 displays a warning message on the alarm interface 38 to notify the driver that the object 18 has entered the first alarm range A1. Similarly, when the object 18 enters the second alarm range A2 (area surrounded by the broken lines L3 and L4) of the transportation means 11, the third side bright ring 282 or the fourth side bright ring 283 of the second diffraction pattern 28 is the object 18. The image acquisition module 30 receives light from the third side bright ring 282 or the fourth side bright ring 283 on the object 18 and transmits a corresponding signal to the control module 36. The control module 36 displays a warning message on the alarm interface 38 to notify the driver that the object 18 has entered the second alarm range A2. Therefore, the driving warning system 10 can notify that the vehicle enters the warning range. The alarm range can be changed by controlling the width of the diffraction grating and the wavelength of the light from the light source, and changing the distance between the central bright ring and the side bright ring of the diffraction pattern (the distance between the central bright ring and the side bright ring is directly proportional to the alarm range. To do).

Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an optical path for imaging the first central bright ring 201 and the second central bright ring 281 on the sensing element 32, and FIG. 8 shows the first central bright ring 201 and the second central bright ring 281. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing imaging on a sensing element 32. The light emitted from the first central bright ring 201 and the second central bright ring 281 projected onto the object 18 forms an image on the sensing element 32 via the imaging unit 34 to generate a first sensing image 42 and a second sensing image 44. To do. The distance between the imaging unit 34 and the object 18 of the transportation means 11 is S1 (S1 may be regarded as the distance between the object 18 and the transportation means 11), and the distance between the imaging unit 34 and the sensing element 32 is S2. If the distance between the central bright ring 201 and the second central bright ring 281 is H1, and the distance between the first sensing image 42 and the second sensing image 44 obtained by the sensing element 32 is H2, the following equation is obtained. It is done.

H1 / S1 = H2 / S2
S1 = S2 * H1 / H2

Since the distance S <b> 2 between the imaging unit 34 and the sensing element 32 and the distance H <b> 1 between the first central bright ring 201 and the second central bright ring 281 are constant values, the distance between the first sensed image 42 and the second sensed image 44. If the distance H2 is measured, the distance S1 between the object 18 and the transportation means 11 can be calculated by the above formula. As shown in FIG. 8, if the distance H2 between the first sensing image 42 and the second sensing image 44 is large, the distance S1 between the object 18 and the transportation means 11 is small, and the first sensing image 42 and the second sensing image 44 are. If the distance H2 is small, the distance S1 between the object 18 and the transportation means 11 is large. If the distance between the vehicle and other vehicles or obstacles is measured and the distance S1 between the object 18 and the transportation means 11 becomes smaller than the threshold, the control module 36 displays a warning message on the alarm interface 38, Inform the driver that the vehicle is too close. The device can be used as a parking radar in short-distance applications, and as a means for notifying the driver of the inter-vehicle distance in long-distance applications.

  The control module 36 saves information on the relative position between the transportation means 11 and the object 18 and the distance S1 between the object 18 and the transportation means 11 in the storage module 40, so that the operation record of the transportation means 11 and the judgment information of the traffic information are stored. It can be.

  The first diffraction grating 12, the first light source 14, the first optical module 16, the second diffraction grating 22, the second light source 24, the second optical module 26, and the image acquisition module 30 are designed according to design requirements. It can be provided on any side of the transportation means 11.

  The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications or changes that can be made by those skilled in the art, which are made within the spirit of the present invention and have an equivalent effect on the present invention, shall belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention. To do.

  According to the present invention, the distance measurement is performed by detecting that the other vehicle enters the alarm range by taking in and determining the image diffracted and imaged on the measurement object. Such a technique can be implemented.

It is a block diagram of the driving warning system for transportation means by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which a 1st diffraction grating receives light and produces | generates a diffraction pattern. It is explanatory drawing showing a 1st diffraction pattern. It is a lightness distribution map of a first diffraction pattern. It is explanatory drawing showing a 2nd diffraction pattern. It is explanatory drawing showing the relative position of a transportation means and an object. It is explanatory drawing showing the optical path which images a 1st central bright ring and a 2nd central bright ring on a sensing element. It is explanatory drawing showing the imaging to the sensing element of a 1st central bright ring and a 2nd central bright ring.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Driving warning system 11 Transportation means 12 1st diffraction grating 14 1st light source 16 1st optical module 18 Object 20 1st diffraction pattern 22 2nd diffraction grating 24 2nd light source 26 2nd optical module 28 2nd diffraction pattern 30 Image acquisition Module 32 Sensing element 36 Control module 38 Alarm interface 40 Storage module 42 First sensing image 44 Second sensing image 201 First central bright ring 202 First lateral bright ring 203 Second lateral bright ring 281 Second central bright ring 282 Third lateral bright ring 283 Fourth lateral ring A1 First alarm range A2 Second alarm range

Claims (10)

A driving warning system provided in a transportation means,
A first diffraction grating;
Light is projected onto the first diffraction grating, a first diffraction pattern a first light source to be formed on the object, the first diffraction pattern has a first central Akirawa, one side of the first central Akirawa A first side light ring, and a second side bright ring on the other side of the first central bright ring, and a first light source ,
A second diffraction grating,
A second light source for projecting light onto the second diffraction grating and forming a second diffraction pattern on the object, wherein the second diffraction pattern is one of the second central bright ring and the second central bright ring. A second side light source comprising: a third side bright ring on the side; and a fourth side bright ring on the other side of the second central bright ring;
An image acquisition module for capturing the first diffraction pattern and the second diffraction pattern ;
Connected to said image acquisition module electrically, a control module wherein the captured image acquisition module based on the the first diffraction pattern second diffraction pattern to determine the relative position of the said transportation object,
A warning message controlled by the control module for notifying that the object has entered the first alarm range of the means of transportation when the image acquisition module captures the first side ring or the second side ring. An alarm interface to display,
including,
A driving warning system characterized by that. The first light source and the second light source are laser light sources,
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a. The driving warning system further includes
A first optical module for converting the light projected from the first light source into quasi-parallel beam,
A second optical module that converts the light projected from the second light source into a quasi-parallel beam;
including,
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a. The image acquisition module includes:
A sensing element;
An imaging unit which receives light from the said first central Akirawa second central Akirawa, imaging the first sensing image and the second sensing image to the sensing element,
Including
The distance between the between the transportation object, and (the distance between the first central Akirawa and the second central Akirawa) (the distance between the sensing element and the imaging unit) × / (the first sensing image the distance) between the second sensing image,
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a. The sensing element is a CCD (charge coupled device);
Operation warning system according to claim 4, wherein a. The sensing element is a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
Operation warning system according to claim 4, wherein a. Smaller than the distance threshold between the transport means and the object, wherein the control module displays a warning message to the alarm interface,
Operation warning system according to claim 4, wherein a. When the image acquisition module for capturing the third side HoAkirawa or the fourth side Akirawa from the object, wherein the control module displays a warning message to the alarm interface enters the second warning area of the object is the transportation To report,
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a. The operation warning system further comprises a storage module for storing information about the relative position of the said transportation object,
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a. The object is a vehicle;
Operation warning system of claim 1, wherein a.

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