JP4446529B2

JP4446529B2 - Disposer

Info

Publication number: JP4446529B2
Application number: JP33549499A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正明関本; 悦民橘高
Original assignee: Teral Inc
Current assignee: Teral Inc
Priority date: 1999-11-26
Filing date: 1999-11-26
Publication date: 2010-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2019-11-26
Also published as: JP2001149808A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、家庭において調理などで発生する厨芥を破砕処理するディスポーザで、流し台水槽（シンク）の下部に収納し、ディスポーザの投入口及び排出口を夫々シンクの排水口及び処理施設に接続された排水管に接続して使用するものに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ディスポーザの厨芥の処理方法にはディスポーザ投入口を開けた状態で稼動させながら厨芥を投入して破砕処理を行う連続式処理方法と、ディスポーザを停止させた状態で一回に破砕処理できる量の厨芥を投入した後、投入口に蓋をしてディスポーザを稼動させ破砕処理を行い、処理が終了したら停止させる一連の作業を、厨芥の量により何度か繰り返して行うバッチ式処理方法がある。連続式処理方法は文字通り連続的に厨芥を投入及び破砕処理ができるので、多量の厨芥を破砕処理する場合には処理時間が短くて済むので好都合であるが、投入口に蓋をしないで破砕処理を行うために、破砕された厨芥や誤って投入された異物が破砕室からシンクに飛び出してくる恐れがある。一方、バッチ式処理方法は一度に破砕処理できる厨芥の量にディスポーザの破砕能力からくる制限があるので、多量の厨芥を破砕処理する場合には何回かに分けて行う必要があり処理時間が長くなるという欠点はあるものの、破砕処理中は投入口に蓋をすることができるので異物などの飛び出し等を防ぐことができ、安全性やシンクの汚損防止の面から現在の主流となっている。
【０００３】
ディスポーザで厨芥を破砕処理する時には、ディスポーザの破砕室で破砕した厨芥を排出口に接続された排水管を通じて処理施設まで流下させるための給水が必要である。給水は厨芥の破砕処理中を通じて破砕物を流下させるのに必要な量を連続して行う必要がある。
【０００４】
前述のバッチ式処理方法のディスポーザは、投入口に被せる蓋に通水口となる開口を形成しておき、水栓からシンクに水を供給しながら、或いは洗い桶などに溜めた水を流し台のシンクに移して、前記通水口から流れ落ちる水を利用して破砕処理を行うのが一般的である。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように使用されるディスポーザは、給水量が足りないとディスポーザ内部に破砕された厨芥が残留したり前記排水管内に詰まる可能性が高くなり、逆に多い場合は水を浪費することになるが、使用者に給水量が適量か否かの判断を求めるのは困難であり、仮に判断できたとしてもコントロールすることは困難であった。
【０００６】
また、ディスポーザの破砕処理の過程からは、破砕処理開始から終了直前までは破砕された厨芥を流下できるだけの量を連続して給水し、処理終了直後には多量に給水して、ディスポーザ内部及び排水管内の流速を高めてディスポーザ内部に破砕された厨芥が残留せず、排水管内に詰まり難くするのが望ましいが、蓋に形成された通水口の面積は可変できないので、シンク内の水位により給水量が変動する。即ち、洗い桶のような容器に溜めた水をシンクに移してディスポーザに給水する方法は、処理開始当初はシンク内水位が高いので多量に給水されるが、時間の経過と共にシンク内水位が低下するので給水量は徐々に少なくなり、ディスポーザ内部に破砕された厨芥が残留し易く、また排水管内に詰まる可能性も高い。一方、水栓から、蓋に設けられた通水口からディスポーザ内に流下する量以上にシンクに水を供給しながら破砕処理を行う方法は、処理開始当初はディスポーザへの給水量が少なく、時間経過と共にシンク内水位が上昇するので給水量が多くなる。以上のように両方法とも破砕処理の過程に応じた望ましい給水状態とはならず、更に後者はディスポーザ内部に破砕された厨芥が残留し難く、また排水管内に詰まり難くする面からは好都合であるが、破砕処理が終了した時点でのシンクに溜まった水の量は多すぎるので、水を無駄にしてしまう。
【０００７】
また、破砕処理中には破砕された厨芥がディスポーザの破砕室内壁面に付着するが、従来の蓋に形成された通水口から流下する水は、通水口を通過後、通水口の真下に落下しその後破砕部を通過して破砕された厨芥と共に排出口を経て排水管に流下する経路をたどるので、破砕室内壁面に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下させることができず、このような破砕された厨芥がディスポーザ内部に蓄積され、腐敗し、悪臭を発生するなど不衛生な状態を招くことがあった。
【０００８】
この発明は、バッチ処理式のディスポーザに於いて、使用者に判断の負担を掛けずに、シンク内の水位に無関係に処理の過程に応じた適量の給水が自動的に行え、また、破砕処理室内部を衛生的な状態に保つことのできるディスポーザを提供することを課題とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するため、流し台のシンクの下部に設置され、該シンクの排水口に投入口を接続されて、厨芥を投入した後に前記投入口上部に前記シンクからディスポーザに給水するための給水路を持つ蓋をした後、該シンクから水を供給しながら破砕を行わせるディスポーザにおいて、破砕処理をしていない時には前記シンクの水をディスポーザに流下させないようにし、破砕処理中は前記シンクの水深の如何に関らず破砕処理に必要な一定量の水を、破砕終了直後はディスポーザ内部及び前記排水管内の流速を高めるのに必要な量の水を夫々自動的に供給できる蓋を投入口上部に備え、該蓋からディスポーザに流入した水の流れ方向を半径方向外向きに誘導してディスポーザの破砕室内壁面に到達させ、破砕された厨芥が該破砕室内上面に付着するのを防止できると共に該破砕室内側壁面に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下させることのできるディスポーザを発明した。
【００１０】
即ち、前記蓋は蓋本体と堰部から成り、該蓋本体は一端を閉塞された円筒部材で、円筒面に通水口を形成されており、前記堰部は前記蓋本体の円筒部材に摺動可能に内接し、一端に前記投入口の上縁部に着脱自在かつ略水密に該堰部を装着するための鍔を形成した円筒部材で、前記投入口上部に該堰部を装着した後、該堰部に前記蓋本体を外挿し、前記蓋本体を上下に摺動させて前記通水口と前記堰部上端で形成される開口部の面積を変化させることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
前記開口面積を変える手段は、ディスポーザの投入口を形成する円筒の上端部内周面の適所に電磁石を配設し、投入口に前記堰部及び蓋本体を装着したとき、前記蓋本体の円筒部材外周下部の前記電磁石に相対する位置に、該電磁石に通電したとき同じ極が向き合うように永久磁石を固着し、前記電磁石に通電していないときに該電磁石と前記永久磁石の間に生じる吸着力及び、前記電磁石に通電したときに前記永久磁石との間に生じる反発力が前記蓋本体の閉塞された面に作用する前記シンク内の水の圧力と該蓋本体の重量の和と釣合うことを利用したことを特徴とする。
【００１２】
ディスポーザの運転を制御する制御装置は、ディスポーザの運転／停止の操作を行うスイッチ部と、ディスポーザを駆動する電動機に電源を供給する回路を開閉する駆動部と、ディスポーザ運転中に前記電源を供給する回路の電流値を測定する電流測定部と、計時部と、ディスポーザの破砕処理が終了した時特有の運転電流値及び任意の時間Ｔを記憶させておく記憶部と、ディスポーザの投入口部に取付けられた電磁石に磁力を２段階に変化できるよう電源を供給する電磁石制御部と、これら各部を総括的に制御する制御部からなり、該制御部はディスポーザの運転を行っていないときには前記電動機及び電磁石に電源を供給しないよう前記駆動部及び電磁石制御部に信号を出し、前記スイッチ部から運転信号が入った時には前記駆動部に前記電動機に電源を供給するよう、また、前記電磁石制御部に前記電磁石に前記２段階の磁力のうち弱い方の磁力を発生させるよう電源を供給するよう夫々信号を出すと共に、前記電流測定部に前記電動機に供給される電流値の測定を開始させ、前記電流測定部が測定した運転電流値が破砕中の値から前記記憶された破砕処理が終了した時特有の運転電流値以下の状態が前記記憶された時間Ｔの間継続したことを検知すると、前記電磁石制御部に前記電磁石に前記２段階の磁力のうち強い磁力を発生させる電源を供給させるよう信号を出すことを特徴とする。
【００１３】
前記通水口の形状は略「凸」字状であり、前記電磁石が前記２段階の磁力の内弱い方の磁力を発生している時には前記通水口の幅の狭い部分を前記堰部上端が移動するように前記蓋本体を上下させ、前記電磁石が前記２段階の磁力の内強い方の磁力を発生している時には前記堰部上端は前記通水口の幅の広い部分若しくはそれより下の部分を移動するように前記蓋本体を上下させることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
更に、ディスポーザの破砕室内壁面を衛生的に保つための手段として、前記堰部の内法半径よりほぼ前記蓋本体に形成された前記通水口の高さ分小さく、下端をベルマウス状に開かせ、上端が前記蓋本体の高さに係らず常に前記通水口の上端以上に、前記下端がディスポーザ破砕室の上壁面以下に位置する円筒を内部に有する蓋を投入口上部に備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１はこの発明のディスポーザの一実施例を示す。１はシンクの排水口、２はディスポーザの投入口側壁を示し、両部材とも円筒形状で、接続管３に挿入され接続バンド４で締付けて固定されている。図２に示すように投入口側壁２の上端部の内壁面２ａ部の適所には、鉄心６に紙面と直角方向の貫通孔７を有する電磁石５が、通電した時に上下方向に、且つ全て同じ向きの極性になるよう必要量配設されている。
【００１６】
蓋８は蓋本体９と堰部１０からなる。図３は堰部１０を表わし、堰部１０は投入口中心軸１１と一致する円筒形の堰体１０ａと、この堰体１０ａを投入口側壁２上端部に装着できると共に、堰体１０ａと投入口側壁２の間を水密に保つための鍔部１０ｂからなる。この例では鍔部１０ｂに鍔部貫通孔１０ｃが形成されており、又、堰部１０を投入口側壁２上端部に装着する際、この鍔部貫通孔１０ｃを貫通孔７に容易に一致させて装着できるように、鍔部１０ｂの下面には電磁石５配設部の平面形状に対応する凹部１０ｄが形成されている。
【００１７】
図４は蓋本体９を示し、蓋本体９は上部を天板９ａで閉塞された円筒形で、円筒体９ｂの直径は堰体１０ａに摺動可能に外挿できる寸法に形成されている。円筒体９ｂ側面には通水口９ｃが形成されており、この通水口９ｃの寸法の決め方は後述するが、通水口９ｃは堰体１０ａとの相対位置を、蓋本体９を堰部１０に外挿し、蓋本体９の下端が鍔部１０ｂに当接した時に堰体１０ａの上端が通水口９ｃの上端に一致するように形成されている。円筒体９ｂの外周下部には、蓋本体９を投入口側壁２上端部に装着された堰部１０に外挿した時、鍔部貫通孔１０ｃと貫通孔７に摺動可能に挿入することができる寸法の円柱形の永久磁石１２が電磁石５と同じ数量配設されている。永久磁石１２は電磁石５に通電した時に発生する磁極と同じ向きの磁極を示すように固定されている。永久磁石１２の長さは蓋本体９を上昇させた時にも貫通孔７から永久磁石１２が抜けないように、また、蓋本体９及び堰部１０を投入口２上端部に装着した時に、永久磁石１２の下端が貫通孔７の下端より出ないように電磁石５の長さと共に決められる。
【００１８】
蓋本体９の円筒部９ｂの高さは、後述する方法で求められる通水口９ｃの高さと、通水口９ｃの上部に通水口９ｃから流入する水が流入時に天板９ａに接触しないだけの余裕高及び通水口９ｃの下部に電磁石５が前記２段階の磁力の内強い方の磁力を発生しており、かつ、シンク１４に水が無い状態でも蓋本体９が不安定にならないだけの堰体１０ａとの重なり代の合計で決められる。そして堰体１０ａの高さは、前述のように蓋本体９を堰部１０に外挿して蓋本体９の下端が鍔部１０ｂに当接した状態で、通水口９ｃの上端と堰体１０ａの上端が一致するように決められる。
【００１９】
電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の組数は、蓋本体９を堰体１０ａと摺動させやすいように、即ち蓋本体９が傾かないように上下動させることができるように３組以上を等間隔に配設するのが望ましい。尚、この実施例は円柱形の永久磁石１２を蓋本体９の外周下部に、鉄心６に貫通孔７を形成した電磁石５を投入口側壁２上端部の内壁面２ａに夫々配設し、貫通孔７に永久磁石１２を摺動可能に挿入して使用するものであるが、これは蓋本体９に円周方向の力が作用した時、前記両磁石の平面的な相対位置がずれるのを防止することを目的としたものである。従って、これ以外に前記両磁石の平面的位置決め作用を持つものを別に設ければ、対応する面が平面状の電磁石及び永久磁石を使用して差支えない。
【００２０】
蓋本体９の内部には、一端をベルマウス状に開かせた円筒部材１３の他端が天板９ａの下面に固着されている。円筒部材１３の直管部１３ａの外径は通水口９ｃから流入する水が満水状態で流下しないように余裕を見て堰体１０ａの内法半径より蓋本体９に形成された通水口９ｃの高さ分小さく形成され、ベルマウス部１３ｂ下端の直径は、蓋本体９を堰部１０に外挿する時にベルマウス部１３ｂが堰体１０ａの内側を通過できる程度に堰体１０ａの内径より少し小さく形成されている。円筒部材１３の上端はこの例では天板９ａの下面に接続されているが、必ずしもこのような構造にする必要は無く、該上端は通水口９ｃの上端よりも上に位置させれば良い。また、ベルマウス部１３ｂ下端はベルマウス部１３ｂの上面から半径方向外向きに流れ出る前記水がディスポーザの破砕室１６内の上壁面に接触しない上限の高さに位置させる。
【００２１】
図５は制御装置２０の構成を模式的に示す。制御装置２０は、ディスポーザの運転／停止の操作を行うスイッチ部２１と、ディスポーザを駆動する電動機２２に供給される電源を開閉する駆動部２３と、ディスポーザ運転中の電動機２２に供給される電源の電流値を測定する電流測定部２４と、計時部２５と、ディスポーザの破砕処理が終了した時特有の運転電流及び任意の時間Ｔを記憶させておく記憶部２６と、電磁石５の磁力の強さを２段階に変化できるように電源を供給する電磁石制御部２７及びこれら各部を総括的に制御する制御部２８からなる。２９は電動機２２及び制御装置２０に供給される商用電源を示す。
【００２２】
このように構成された制御装置２０内の制御部２８の動作について説明する。スイッチ部２１はディスポーザを運転及び停止させる場合に使用者が操作する部分で、制御部２８に電気的に接続されており、使用者の操作によりそれに応じた信号を制御部２８に出力する。スイッチ部２１からの信号がディスポーザを運転させるものであった時は、制御部２８は駆動部２３に商用電源２９をディスポーザを駆動する電動機２２に供給する電源回路の接点を閉じるよう、また、電磁石５に前記２段階の磁力の強さの内弱い方の磁力を発生させるように電磁石制御回路２７に信号を出力し、ディスポーザの運転が始まる。
【００２３】
ディスポーザが運転を開始した後、制御部２８は電流測定部２４に電動機２２に供給される電源の電流値の測定を開始するよう信号を出す。測定された電流値は制御部２８内で、記憶部２６に記憶された破砕処理値が終了した時特有の値と比較される。破砕処理が終了した時特有の値とは、破砕処理を行っている時の電流値より少ないが、ディスポーザに給水されている水の抵抗により無負荷運転のときよりは高い電流値を、予めディスポーザの特性として測定し、記憶部２６に記憶させたものである。
【００２４】
前記測定された電流値を前記特有の値と比較した結果、前記測定された電流値が前記特有の値を下回る電流値であった場合、制御部２８は計時部２５に記憶部２６に記憶された時間Ｔの経時を開始するよう信号を出す。経時の途中で測定された電流値が前記特有の値を上回った時には、制御部２８は経時を中止すると共に、時間をクリアする信号を計時部２５に出力する。前記記憶された時間Ｔ、前記測定された電流値が前記特有の値を下回る状態が継続したら制御部２８はディスポーザの破砕処理が終了したものと判断し、電磁石制御回路２７に電磁石５が前記２段階の磁力の強さの内強い方の磁力を発生する電源を供給するよう信号を出力する。
【００２５】
前記時間Ｔを計時するよう設定したのは、ディスポーザの破砕処理終了直前には、厨芥が断続的に破砕される現象により運転電流が変動するからである。この間一時的に前記特有の値より低い電流値になった場合、制御部がそれにより破砕処理が終了したものと判断すると、破砕室１６には破砕されていない厨芥が残留する恐れがあり、このようなことを防ぐために前記時間Ｔの間電流値が前記特有の値より低い状態が継続するのを確認した後に破砕処理終了と判断するように制御手順を定めてある。
【００２６】
そして、ディスポーザが破砕処理を終了したら使用者はスイッチ部２１を操作して運転を停止する。制御部２８はスイッチ部２１からの停止信号を受け、駆動部２３に電動機２２へ供給する電源の電源回路の接点を開き、電磁石制御回路２７に電磁石５への電源の供給を停止するよう信号を出力して運転を停止する。この実施例ではディスポーザの破砕処理終了を報知する手段は設けていないが、スイッチ部２１に表示燈を設け、制御部２８から破砕処理終了の表示信号を該表示燈に出力する方法なども良い。
【００２７】
この例の投入口に配設された電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の磁力と、蓋本体９の寸法及び通水口９ｃの寸法の決め方について説明する。この際、バッチ式処理を行うディスポーザの処理中に必要な水の量は、このディスポーザが単位時間当たりに処理できる厨芥の量と、厨芥の破砕後の粒度、ディスポーザの排出口に接続された排水管の内径などから定まり、実験により求めることができ、そして、ディスポーザの投入口の直径も蓋本体９の設計以前に決定されているのが普通であるのでこれらは既知の値とする。
【００２８】
通水口９ｃは略「凸」字状に形成してある。堰部１０を投入口上部に装着した後に蓋本体９を堰部１０に外挿した時、通水口９ｃは堰部１０と次の位置関係になるよう形成されている。即ち、電磁石５に通電されない（ディスポーザが停止している）状態では蓋本体９の下端が鍔部１０ｂに当接しており、従って前述のように堰部１０上端は通水口９ｃの上端と一致し、電磁石５が前記２段階の磁力の強さの内弱い方の磁力を発生させている時（ディスポーザが破砕処理中）には、通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分を堰部１０の上端が移動するように、そして電磁石５が前記２段階の強さの磁力の内強い方の磁力を発生させている時（ディスポーザが破砕処理を終了した直後）には堰部１０上端は通水口９ｃの幅の広い部分若しくはそれより下の部分を移動するよう蓋本体９を上下させるようになっている。
【００２９】
先ず、略「凸」字状の通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分の幅の寸法と、電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の磁力の決定方法について説明する。
【００３０】
図６により、通水口９ｃの前記幅の狭い部分の寸法と、電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の磁力とシンク１４内の水深と、通水口９ｃと堰体１０ａとで形成される開口部１５からディスポーザ内に給水される水の量の関係について説明する。シンク１４内には図６のように水が溜められており、天板９ａ上面の水深をＨ１、開口部１５の高さ方向の中心の水深をＨ０とする。ここで、天板９ａ上面と開口部１５の高さ方向の中心の垂直距離は短いので、以後これらの水深はＨ（≒Ｈ０≒Ｈ１）として説明を行う。また、蓋本体９の質量も説明を簡単にするために無視する。
【００３１】
今、電磁石５に前記２段階の強さの磁力の内弱い方の磁力を発生させる電源を供給され、シンク１４内が水深Ｈの時、電磁石５と永久磁石１２の間に生じる反発力と天板９ａに作用する水圧が、蓋本体９がｒ上昇した位置で釣合った瞬間のことを考える。この状況では蓋本体９の下端が鍔部１０ｂに接している時には堰部１０上端と通水口９ｃの上端が一致しているので、堰部１０上端と通水口９ｃで形成される開口部１５の高さはｒである。
【００３２】
この瞬間の電磁石５と永久磁石１２の間に発生する反発力の大きさＦ１は、電磁石５の磁力をｍ１、永久磁石１２の磁力をｍ２とすると数１で表わされる。また、この時に天板９ａ上面に作用する水圧による力Ｆ２は天板９ａ上面の面積をＡ、水の密度をρ、重力加速度をｇとすると数２で表わされる。前記の状態で蓋本体９が釣合った瞬間はＦ１＝Ｆ２が成り立つので、開口部１５の高さは、電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の夫々の磁力ｍ１及びｍ２、シンク１４内水深Ｈ、天板９ａ上面の面積Ａ、水の密度ρ及び重力加速度ｇを使用して数３で表わされる。
【数１】

【数２】

【数３】

【００３３】
一方、開口部１５からディスポーザ内に流入する水の流速ｖは数４で表わされ、ディスポーザへの流入量Ｑは通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分の寸法の合計をＬとすると数５で求まる。数５のｒ及びｖとして夫々数３及び数４の右辺を代入すると数６が導かれる。数６で明らかなように流入量Ｑは、通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分の寸法の合計Ｌと、電磁石５と永久磁石１２の磁力ｍ１、ｍ２と、天板９ａ上面の面積Ａ及び水の密度ρにより定まり、これらが不変であればシンク１４内水深Ｈが変化しても一定の水量をディスポーザ内に流入させることが可能なことが解る。
【数４】

【数５】

【数６】

【００３４】
従って、前記幅の狭い部分の幅寸法は、既に定められている投入口の直径を基準にして蓋本体９の直径を決め、決められた蓋本体９の直径から天板９ａの面積を求め、その後数６の関係を満たすように電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の磁力と共に決定すれば良い。
【００３５】
通水口９ｃの略「凸」字状の幅の狭い部分の高さは、この発明によるディスポーザを適用することができるシンクの面積の最大値と、破砕処理を終了した時に該シンク内に残しておきたい水の量を想定して該シンクにおける水深を求め、この値を基準に決める。即ち数３にＨの値として該水深を、ｍ１及びｍ２に夫々電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の上記の方法で求めた磁力を、Ａに天板９ａの面積を、ρに水の密度を代入し、求まった値ｒを前記幅の狭い部分の高さにする。
【００３６】
一方、通水口９ｃの略「凸」字状の幅の広い部分は、ディスポーザ内に流入する水の量を前記２段階の強さの磁力の内強い方の磁力の強さを余り強くすること無く増加できる効果を狙ったものである。この部分の寸法は、開口部１５からディスポーザに流入する水が、ディスポーザの排出口に接続された排水管のトラップ部分を流下するのに必要な水頭圧がディスポーザの排出口より高くならないように、即ち破砕室１６に水が溜まらないように、できるだけ多量の給水ができる寸法を実験等により決める。この際、通水口９ｃの幅の広い部分の幅寸法は、前記の条件を満たしておれば蓋本体９の直径寸法以外に特に制約は無く、高さに関しては永久磁石１２の磁力と、蓋本体９に働く下向きの力を考え、電磁石５に前記２段階の強さの磁力の内強い方の磁力を発生させた時に堰部１０上端が通水口９ｃの幅の広い部分若しくはそれより下の部分を移動するように、前記強い方の磁力と共に決定する。
【００３７】
以上、説明を簡単にするために蓋本体９の重量を無視して、通水口９ｃの各部寸法、電磁石５及び永久磁石１２の磁力の強さの決定方法を説明したが、実際には蓋本体９に働く重力はシンク１４内の水深が浅くなった場合には無視できなくなり、開口部１５の高さは数３の値より小さくなる。従って、この場合にもディスポーザへの給水量を変えないようにするには通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分の形状を蓋本体９の質量を考慮して台形に形成しておくのが望ましい。このように蓋本体９と通水口９ｃの寸法及び電磁石５と永久磁石１２の磁力を決定しておけば、ディスポーザの１回の処理に必要な量の水をシンク１４に溜めておくだけで、シンクの平面積に関係無く破砕処理中には破砕処理に適量の一定量が給水でき、破砕処理が終了した直後にはディスポーザ内部に破砕された厨芥が残らず、排水管内に詰まり難いように多量を水を給水することが可能となる。
【００３８】
上記に説明したこの発明の実施例の作用についてディスポーザで厨芥を破砕処理する手順に従って説明する。先ず最初に使用者は処理する厨芥を投入口からディスポーザの破砕室１６に投入する。この時、スイッチ部２１は停止状態となっており、制御部２８は駆動部２３に電動機２２に電源を供給する回路の接点を閉じる信号を出しておらず、また電磁石制御部２７にも電磁石５に電源を供給する信号を出していない。従ってディスポーザは運転を停止しており、また電磁石５も磁力を発生していない。
【００３９】
次に、投入口の上部に堰部１０を鍔部貫通孔１０ｃと貫通孔７が重なる状態に装着し、続いて蓋本体９を永久磁石１２が貫通孔７に挿入される状態で堰部１０に外挿する。円柱形の永久磁石１２両端部の磁力は他の部分より強く、従って吸着力も強い。蓋本体９を装着した時、永久磁石１２の下端部は電磁石５の鉄心６の中に有るが、上端部は鉄心６の上方に位置しており、そのために該上端部には鉄心６の方に近付こうとする力が作用する。その結果蓋本体９にその円筒部下端を鍔部１０ｂ上面に押付けるように力が働き、蓋本体９の内径と堰部１０の外径の寸法差の少なさとあいまって水密性が生じる。また、この状態では蓋本体９の円筒部に形成された通水口９ｃは堰部１０により完全に塞がれている。
【００４０】
次に、シンク１４に水を溜める。シンク１４に溜める水は、１回の破砕処理に必要な適量を把握しておき、この量にしておけばこの発明の効果を十分発揮することができる。尚、シンクに溜める水は食器等の洗浄に使った水を洗い桶のような容器に溜めておき、この水を使用すれば節水に寄与することができ好都合である。シンク１４に水を溜めた時、蓋本体９は前記の状態を保っているため水はディスポーザ内には流入しない。蓋本体９は水没した状態になるため、天板９ａには水圧及び蓋本体９に作用する重力により下向きの力が作用している。
【００４１】
次に、スイッチ部２１をディスポーザが運転をするよう操作する。この操作によりディスポーザは破砕処理を開始すると共に、電磁石５には前記２段階の強さの内弱い方の磁力を発生させる電源が供給される。その結果、電磁石５と永久磁石１２の間には反発力が生じるので蓋本体９には上向きの力が作用し、前記水圧及び重力による下向きの力と釣合う位置でバランスする。そして通水口９ｃと堰部１０上端により、その時点のシンク１４内の水位に応じた適量の水がディスポーザに給水されるよう開口部１５が形成される。
【００４２】
ディスポーザの運転を開始した後は時間と共にシンク１４内の水位は減少していくが、通水口９ｃの幅の狭い部分と堰部１０で形成される開口部１５は、数６及び関連する説明による理屈で水位の変動に係らず常に一定量の給水がディスポーザに行えるようにその面積が自動的に調節されるよう蓋本体９が上下方向に動く。
【００４３】
ディスポーザが破砕処理を終了したことは、前述のように電動機２２に供給される電流値により検出される。破砕処理が終了したら、電磁石５には前記２段階の磁力の内強い方の磁力を発生させる電源が供給される。その結果永久磁石１２との間の反発力は増し、蓋本体９はそれまでのシンク１４内の水深との関係以上に上昇する。従って、通水口９ｃと堰部１０で形成される開口部１５面積が大きくなり、ディスポーザには多量の水が給水される。そのため、ディスポーザの破砕室１６内及び排水管内の流速が増大し、ディスポーザの破砕室１６内に破砕された厨芥が残留せず、また、排水管内に詰まるのを予防することが出来る。
【００４４】
使用者はディスポーザの破砕処理の終了が終わった事を蓋本体９の動きにより知ることができる。そしてディスポーザの運転を停止するようスイッチ部２１を停止状態に操作して破砕処理が終了する。
【００４５】
ここで、円筒部１３の作用について説明する。通水口９ｃは水が水平方向に流れる向きに形成されているので、本来であればシンク１４に溜まった水は通水口９ｃと堰部１０で形成される開口部１５を水平方向に通過してディスポーザ内に流入し、開口部１５を通過した後は放物線を描きながら破砕室１６に落下を始めるが、蓋本体９内部には円筒部１３が設けてあるので、流入水はこの円筒部１３の外側面に衝突して流れの向きを下向きに変え、更に円筒部１３の下端に形成されたベルマウス部１３ｂに沿って向きを変え、半径方向外向きに破砕室１６内側壁の方向に飛び出していく。飛び出していく水の形成する膜により破砕された厨芥の破砕室１６内上壁への付着を防止することができ、そして破砕室１６内側壁に到達した水は破砕室１６内側壁に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下させることができる。蓋本体９が最上部まで上昇した時には、通水口９ｃと堰部１０で形成される開口部１５面積は最大となるので開口部１５を通過する水の量が増え、円筒部１３を流れ落ちる流速が早くなるので破砕室１６内側壁に到達、流下する水の量が増え、破砕室１６内側壁に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下させる作用が強くなる。尚、蓋本体９、堰部１０及び円筒部材１３は破砕された厨芥が付着しても取外して洗浄することができるのでディスポーザを清潔に保つことができる。
【００４６】
図７は蓋８のもう１つの実施例である。この例では円筒部１３を堰部１０に支持体１７を設けて形成した例である。ベルマウス部１３ｂの直径はディスポーザの投入口に挿入できる寸法にしておくと共に、電磁石５の位置に対応する部分を切り欠いておく。その他の部分の寸法は前述のものと同様に決める。この例はベルマウス部１３ｂの直径を図４に示すものよりも大きく出来るので、ベルマウス部１３ｂの先端とディスポーザの破砕室１６内側壁との距離が短くなり、破砕室１６内上壁への破砕された厨芥の付着防止及び破砕室１６内側壁に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下する効果が一層向上する。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
この発明は、投入口に設けた電磁石５及び蓋本体９に設けた永久磁石１２の間に生じる反発力と、シンク内に溜まった水の水深により天板９ａに作用する水圧及び蓋本体９に作用する重力がバランスして蓋本体９の位置が決まることを利用して、破砕処理中は蓋本体９の円筒体９ｂに設けた通水口９ｃと堰部１０とで形成される開口部１５の面積をシンク１４内の水深及びシンクの平面積の大きさに係らず適量の一定量の水が通過するように自動的に調整できるようにしたものである。従って、ディスポーザの使用者は１回の処理に必要な量の水をシンクに溜めて運転を開始するだけで、使用者に判断を求めること無くディスポーザに破砕処理中に必要な適量の水を供給することができる。また、蓋内部に形成された円筒体１３の作用によりディスポーザ内に流入した水は半径方向外向きに飛び出すので、この際形成される水膜の作用により破砕された厨芥が破砕室１６内上壁に付着するのを防止できると共に、破砕室１６内側壁に到達した水により該側壁に付着した破砕された厨芥を流下させることができ、破砕室１６を衛生的に保つことができる。
【００４８】
そして、破砕処理が終了した時点では、電磁石５の磁力を破砕処理中より強めて蓋本体９を一層上昇させて通水口９ｃの幅の広い部分を開口させるのでディスポーザへの流入量を増やすことができる。このことは蓋内部に形成された下端をベルマウス状に形成された円筒体１３の作用とあいまって破砕室１６内側壁面に付着した破砕された厨芥の流下能力を増大させることができ、破砕室１６内部を衛生的に保つのに一層有効であると共に、ディスポーザ排出口に接続された排水管内の流速を速めることができ、排水管内に破砕された厨芥が詰まり難くする効果も期待できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明によるディスポーザの一例で、投入口及び蓋部分を示す。
【図２】投入口上端部の電磁石の配置の状態を平面的に表わす。
【図３】堰部の図で、左半分は下面側を、右半分は上面側を示す。
【図４】蓋本体を示す図である。
【図５】制御部の構成を模式的に示す。
【図６】シンク内に溜めた水の水深と、堰部及び蓋本体の位置関係を説明するための図である。
【図７】蓋のもう一つの実施例を示す。
【符号の説明】
１シンクの排水口
２投入口側壁
２ａ内壁面
３接続管
４接続バンド
５電磁石
６鉄心
７貫通孔
８蓋
９蓋本体
９ａ天板
９ｂ円筒体
９ｃ通水口
１０堰部
１０ａ堰体
１０ｂ鍔部
１０ｃ鍔部貫通孔
１０ｄ凹部
１１投入口中心軸
１２永久磁石
１３円筒部材
１３ａ直管部
１３ｂベルマウス部
１４シンク
１５開口部
１６破砕室
１７支持体
２０制御装置
２１スイッチ部
２２電動機
２３駆動部
２４電流測定部
２５計時部
２６記憶部
２７電磁石制御部
２８制御部
２９商用電源
18[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a disposer for crushing potatoes generated during cooking at home. The disposer is stored in the lower part of a sink basin (sink), and the disposer inlet and outlet are connected to the sink outlet and processing facility, respectively. It relates to those used by connecting to drain pipes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Disposer slag treatment methods include a continuous processing method in which slag is thrown in while the disposer inlet is open and crushing is performed, and a quantity of slag that can be crushed at once with the disposer stopped. There is a batch-type processing method in which a series of operations are repeated several times depending on the amount of the soot, after crushing, putting a lid on the inlet and operating the disposer to perform crushing processing and stopping the processing. The continuous treatment method literally allows continuous pouring and crushing of soot, so it is convenient when crushing a large amount of soot because the processing time is short, but crushing without covering the inlet In order to carry out the process, there is a risk that crushed jars or foreign substances that have been accidentally thrown out will jump out of the crushing chamber into the sink. On the other hand, in the batch processing method, the amount of slag that can be crushed at once is limited by the crushing capacity of the disposer. Although there is a disadvantage that it becomes longer, it is possible to cover the input port during the crushing process, so that foreign matter etc. can be prevented from popping out, and it is the current mainstream from the viewpoint of safety and prevention of contamination of the sink .
[0003]
When crushing the soot with the disposer, it is necessary to supply water to allow the soot crushed in the disposer crushing chamber to flow down to the treatment facility through the drain pipe connected to the discharge port. It is necessary to supply water continuously in the amount necessary to flow down the crushed material throughout the crushing process.
[0004]
In the above-described disposer of the batch processing method, an opening to be a water passage is formed in the lid that covers the inlet, and water stored in a washing tub is poured into the sink while supplying water from the faucet to the sink. Generally, the crushing process is performed using the water flowing down from the water flow port.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Disposers used in this way are more likely to have crushed soot left inside the disposer or clogged in the drainage pipe if the amount of water supply is insufficient. It is difficult to ask the user whether or not the amount of water supply is appropriate, and even if it can be judged, it is difficult to control.
[0006]
Also, from the crushing process of the disposer, from the start of the crushing process to just before the end of the crushing process, water is supplied in an amount sufficient to allow the crushed dredge to flow down. It is desirable to increase the flow velocity in the pipe so that the crushed soot does not remain inside the disposer and it is difficult to clog the drain pipe, but the area of the water inlet formed in the lid cannot be changed, so the amount of water supply depends on the water level in the sink Fluctuates. That is, in the method of transferring water stored in a container such as a washing bowl to the sink and supplying water to the disposer, a large amount of water is supplied because the water level in the sink is high at the beginning of treatment, but the water level in the sink decreases as time passes. Therefore, the amount of water supply gradually decreases, so that the crushed soot tends to remain inside the disposer, and the possibility of clogging in the drain pipe is high. On the other hand, the method of crushing while supplying water to the sink more than the amount that flows into the disposer from the faucet provided in the lid, the amount of water supplied to the disposer is small at the beginning of the treatment, and time elapses At the same time, the water level in the sink rises, so the amount of water supply increases. As described above, both methods do not provide a desirable water supply state according to the crushing process, and the latter is advantageous in terms of preventing clogged soot from remaining inside the disposer and preventing clogging in the drain pipe. However, since the amount of water accumulated in the sink at the time when the crushing process is completed is too much, water is wasted.
[0007]
Also, during the crushing process, the crushed spear adheres to the crushing chamber wall of the disposer, but the water that flows down from the water inlet formed on the conventional lid falls through the water outlet and directly below the water outlet. After that, since it follows the path that flows through the crushing part and flows down to the drain pipe through the discharge port together with the crushed slag, the crushed slag adhering to the wall surface of the crushing chamber cannot be allowed to flow down. In some cases, soot accumulates in the disposer, rots, and produces a foul odor.
[0008]
This invention is a batch processing type disposer that can automatically supply an appropriate amount of water according to the processing process regardless of the water level in the sink without burdening the user to make a judgment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a disposer capable of keeping the indoor portion in a hygienic state.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a water supply path is installed at the lower part of the sink of the sink, and an inlet is connected to the drain outlet of the sink, and water is supplied to the disposer from the sink at the upper part of the inlet after the dredging is introduced. In the disposer that crushes while supplying water from the sink after the lid has a lid, the water of the sink is not allowed to flow down to the disposer when the crushing process is not being performed. Regardless of the amount of water required for the crushing process, a lid that can automatically supply the amount of water required to increase the flow rate inside the disposer and the drain pipe immediately after crushing is provided above the inlet. The flow direction of the water flowing into the disposer from the lid is guided radially outward to reach the wall surface of the crushing chamber of the disposer. Can be prevented from adhering invented disposable that can flow down the garbage that has been crushed attached to the crushing chamber side wall.
[0010]
That is, the lid is composed of a lid body and a weir part, and the lid body is a cylindrical member closed at one end, and a water passage is formed in a cylindrical surface, and the weir part slides on the cylindrical member of the lid body. A cylindrical member which is inscribed in a possible manner and has a flange for attaching the dam part to the upper edge of the input port at one end so as to be detachable and substantially watertight, and after attaching the dam part to the upper part of the input port, The lid main body is extrapolated to the dam portion, and the lid main body is slid up and down to change the area of the opening formed by the water inlet and the upper end of the dam portion.
[0011]
The means for changing the opening area is such that when an electromagnet is disposed at an appropriate position on the inner peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the cylinder forming the thrower inlet, and the weir part and the lid body are attached to the inlet, the cylindrical member of the lid body A permanent magnet is fixed at a position opposite to the electromagnet at the lower outer periphery so that the same pole faces when the electromagnet is energized, and an attractive force generated between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet when the electromagnet is not energized The repulsive force generated between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet is balanced with the sum of the pressure of the water in the sink acting on the closed surface of the lid body and the weight of the lid body. It is characterized by using.
[0012]
The control device for controlling the operation of the disposer includes a switch unit for operating the disposer, a driving unit for opening and closing a circuit for supplying power to the electric motor that drives the disposer, and supplying the power during the disposer operation. A current measuring unit that measures the current value of the circuit, a time measuring unit, a storage unit that stores a specific operating current value and an arbitrary time T when the disposer crushing process is completed, and a disposer inlet port An electromagnet controller that supplies power so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet can be changed in two stages, and a controller that comprehensively controls these parts, and the controller and the electromagnet when the disposer is not operated A signal is sent to the drive unit and the electromagnet control unit so that no power is supplied to the drive unit. A signal is supplied to supply power to the motor, and to supply power to the electromagnet controller so as to generate a weaker one of the two-stage magnetic forces to the electromagnet, and to the current measuring unit The measurement of the current value supplied to the electric motor is started, and the state where the operating current value measured by the current measuring unit is equal to or less than the specific operating current value when the stored crushing process is completed from the value during crushing is stored in the memory When it is detected that the operation has been continued for a predetermined time T, the electromagnet control unit outputs a signal to supply power to the electromagnet to generate a strong magnetic force among the two-stage magnetic forces.
[0013]
The shape of the water inlet is substantially “convex”, and when the electromagnet generates a weaker one of the two levels of magnetic force, the upper end of the weir part moves through the narrow part of the water inlet. The lid body is moved up and down so that when the electromagnet generates the stronger magnetic force of the two stages, the upper end of the dam portion is the wide portion of the water passage or the lower portion. The lid main body is moved up and down to move.
[0014]
Further, as a means for keeping the wall surface of the disposer crushing chamber in a sanitary manner, the lower end is opened in a bell mouth shape that is smaller than the inner radius of the weir portion by the height of the water inlet formed in the lid body. The upper end of the inlet is provided with a lid having a cylinder inside the upper end which is always above the upper end of the water flow opening regardless of the height of the lid body and whose lower end is located below the upper wall surface of the disposer crushing chamber. And
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a disposer according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a drain port of the sink, and 2 denotes a side wall of the disposer inlet. Both members are cylindrical, and are inserted into the connecting pipe 3 and fastened with a connecting band 4 to be fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnet 5 having the through-hole 7 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in the iron core 6 is positioned in the vertical direction when energized at the appropriate place on the inner wall surface 2 a of the upper end portion of the inlet side wall 2. A necessary amount is arranged so as to have a polarity in the direction.
[0016]
The lid 8 includes a lid body 9 and a dam portion 10. FIG. 3 shows the dam portion 10, which has a cylindrical dam body 10 a coinciding with the inlet central axis 11, and this dam body 10 a can be attached to the upper end of the inlet side wall 2, and the dam body 10 a is inserted. It consists of a flange part 10b for keeping the space between the mouth side walls 2 watertight. In this example, the collar part through hole 10c is formed in the collar part 10b. When the weir part 10 is attached to the upper end of the inlet side wall 2, the collar part through hole 10c is easily aligned with the through hole 7. A recessed portion 10d corresponding to the planar shape of the electromagnet 5 placement portion is formed on the lower surface of the flange portion 10b.
[0017]
FIG. 4 shows a lid main body 9. The lid main body 9 has a cylindrical shape with an upper portion closed by a top plate 9a, and the diameter of the cylindrical body 9b is formed so as to be slidably fitted to the weir body 10a. A water passage 9c is formed on the side surface of the cylindrical body 9b. The method of determining the dimensions of the water passage 9c will be described later. The water passage 9c is positioned relative to the weir body 10a, and the lid body 9 is attached to the weir portion 10. The upper end of the weir body 10a coincides with the upper end of the water passage 9c when the lower end of the lid main body 9 comes into contact with the flange portion 10b. When the lid body 9 is extrapolated to the lower part of the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 9b on the weir part 10 attached to the upper end of the inlet side wall 2, it can be slidably inserted into the collar through hole 10c and the through hole 7. The same number of cylindrical permanent magnets 12 as possible can be arranged as the electromagnets 5. The permanent magnet 12 is fixed so as to show a magnetic pole in the same direction as the magnetic pole generated when the electromagnet 5 is energized. The length of the permanent magnet 12 is such that the permanent magnet 12 does not come out of the through-hole 7 when the lid main body 9 is raised, and when the lid main body 9 and the weir 10 are attached to the upper end of the inlet 2. It is determined together with the length of the electromagnet 5 so that the lower end of the magnet 12 does not protrude from the lower end of the through hole 7.
[0018]
The height of the cylindrical portion 9b of the lid body 9 is such that the height of the water passage 9c required by the method described later and the amount of water that flows from the water passage 9c into the upper portion of the water passage 9c do not come into contact with the top plate 9a when inflowing. A weir body in which the electromagnet 5 generates a magnetic force which is the stronger of the two-stage magnetic force at the bottom of the high and water inlet 9c, and the lid body 9 does not become unstable even when there is no water in the sink 14. It is determined by the total overlap allowance with 10a. As described above, the height of the weir body 10a is such that the lid body 9 is extrapolated to the weir portion 10 and the lower end of the lid body 9 is in contact with the flange portion 10b. It is determined so that the upper ends coincide.
[0019]
The number of sets of the electromagnets 5 and the permanent magnets 12 is equal to or more than 3 sets so that the lid body 9 can be moved up and down easily so that the lid body 9 does not tilt, that is, the lid body 9 does not tilt. It is desirable to arrange. In this embodiment, a cylindrical permanent magnet 12 is disposed on the lower outer periphery of the lid body 9, and an electromagnet 5 having a through hole 7 formed in the iron core 6 is disposed on the inner wall surface 2 a at the upper end of the inlet side wall 2. The permanent magnet 12 is slidably inserted into the hole 7 and used, but when the circumferential force is applied to the lid body 9, the two-dimensional relative positions of the two magnets shift. The purpose is to prevent. Therefore, if a magnet having a planar positioning action for the two magnets is provided separately, an electromagnet and a permanent magnet having a planar surface can be used.
[0020]
Inside the lid main body 9, the other end of the cylindrical member 13 having one end opened like a bell mouth is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 9a. The outer diameter of the straight pipe portion 13a of the cylindrical member 13 is such that the water flowing in from the water flow port 9c is not filled with the water flowing through the water flow port 9c. The bell mouth portion 13b has a lower diameter that is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the weir body 10a so that the bell mouth portion 13b can pass through the inside of the weir body 10a when the lid body 9 is extrapolated to the weir portion 10. It is formed small. In this example, the upper end of the cylindrical member 13 is connected to the lower surface of the top plate 9a. However, it is not always necessary to have such a structure, and the upper end may be positioned above the upper end of the water flow port 9c. The lower end of the bell mouth portion 13b is positioned at an upper limit height at which the water flowing out radially outward from the upper surface of the bell mouth portion 13b does not contact the upper wall surface in the crushing chamber 16 of the disposer.
[0021]
FIG. 5 schematically shows the configuration of the control device 20. The control device 20 includes a switch unit 21 for operating / disposing the disposer, a drive unit 23 for opening / closing a power source supplied to the electric motor 22 for driving the disposer, and a power source supplied to the electric motor 22 for operating the disposer. A current measuring unit 24 that measures a current value, a time measuring unit 25, a storage unit 26 that stores a specific operating current and an arbitrary time T when the disposer crushing process is completed, and the strength of the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 It comprises an electromagnet control unit 27 for supplying power so that it can be changed in two stages, and a control unit 28 for comprehensively controlling these units. Reference numeral 29 denotes a commercial power supply supplied to the electric motor 22 and the control device 20.
[0022]
Operation | movement of the control part 28 in the control apparatus 20 comprised in this way is demonstrated. The switch unit 21 is a part that is operated by the user when the disposer is operated and stopped, and is electrically connected to the control unit 28, and outputs a signal corresponding to the operation to the control unit 28 by the user's operation. When the signal from the switch unit 21 causes the disposer to operate, the control unit 28 closes the contact of the power supply circuit that supplies the drive unit 23 with the commercial power supply 29 to the electric motor 22 that drives the disposer. 5, a signal is output to the electromagnet control circuit 27 so as to generate a weaker one of the two-stage magnetic strengths, and the operation of the disposer is started.
[0023]
After the disposer starts operation, the control unit 28 signals the current measurement unit 24 to start measuring the current value of the power source supplied to the electric motor 22. The measured current value is compared with a specific value in the control unit 28 when the crushing value stored in the storage unit 26 is completed. The specific value when the crushing process is completed is smaller than the current value when the crushing process is performed, but a higher current value than that during no-load operation due to the resistance of the water supplied to the disposer in advance And measured in the storage unit 26.
[0024]
As a result of comparing the measured current value with the specific value, if the measured current value is lower than the specific value, the control unit 28 is stored in the time measuring unit 25 in the storage unit 26. A signal is issued to start the passage of time T. When the current value measured in the middle of time exceeds the specific value, the control unit 28 stops the time and outputs a signal for clearing the time to the time measuring unit 25. If the stored time T and the state where the measured current value falls below the specific value continue, the control unit 28 determines that the disposer crushing process has been completed, and the electromagnet 5 is added to the electromagnet control circuit 27 by the 2 A signal is output so as to supply a power source that generates the stronger magnetic force of the step magnetic strengths.
[0025]
The reason for setting the time T is that the operating current fluctuates due to the phenomenon that the soot is intermittently crushed immediately before the disposer crushing process is completed. During this time, if the current value is temporarily lower than the specific value, if the control unit determines that the crushing process has ended, there is a risk that uncrushed soot may remain in the crushing chamber 16. In order to prevent such a situation, a control procedure is defined so that it is determined that the crushing process has ended after confirming that the current value continues to be lower than the specific value for the time T.
[0026]
When the disposer finishes the crushing process, the user operates the switch unit 21 to stop the operation. The control unit 28 receives the stop signal from the switch unit 21, opens a contact point of the power source circuit for the power source supplied to the electric motor 22 to the drive unit 23, and sends a signal to the electromagnet control circuit 27 to stop the power source supply to the electromagnet 5. Output to stop operation. In this embodiment, there is no means for notifying the end of the crushing process of the disposer, but it is also possible to provide a display rod on the switch unit 21 and output a crushing processing end display signal from the control unit 28 to the display rod.
[0027]
How to determine the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 disposed in the charging port of this example, the size of the lid main body 9, and the size of the water flow port 9c will be described. At this time, the amount of water required during the treatment of the batch type disposer is the amount of soot that this disposer can treat per unit time, the grain size after crushing the soot, and the drainage connected to the discharge port of the disposer. Since it is determined from the inner diameter of the tube and can be obtained by experiments, and the diameter of the inlet of the disposer is usually determined before the design of the lid body 9, these values are known values.
[0028]
The water passage 9c is formed in a substantially “convex” shape. When the lid body 9 is extrapolated to the dam part 10 after the dam part 10 is mounted on the upper part of the inlet, the water inlet 9c is formed so as to have the following positional relationship with the dam part 10. That is, when the electromagnet 5 is not energized (the disposer is stopped), the lower end of the lid body 9 is in contact with the flange portion 10b, and therefore the upper end of the weir portion 10 coincides with the upper end of the water flow port 9c as described above. When the electromagnet 5 generates the weaker one of the two levels of magnetic force (the disposer is in the crushing process), the upper end of the weir 10 moves through the narrow portion of the water inlet 9c. Thus, when the electromagnet 5 is generating the stronger magnetic force of the two strengths (immediately after the disposer finishes the crushing process), the upper end of the weir 10 is the width of the water inlet 9c. The lid main body 9 is moved up and down so as to move the wide part or the part below it.
[0029]
First, the width dimension of the narrow portion of the substantially “convex” -shaped water passage 9c and the method of determining the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 will be described.
[0030]
According to FIG. 6, the disperser from the dimension of the narrow portion of the water inlet 9 c, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12, the water depth in the sink 14, and the opening 15 formed by the water inlet 9 c and the weir body 10 a. The relationship between the amount of water supplied inside will be described. Water is stored in the sink 14 as shown in FIG. 6, and the water depth on the top surface of the top plate 9a is H1, and the water depth at the center of the opening 15 in the height direction is H0. Here, since the vertical distance between the top surface of the top plate 9a and the center of the opening 15 in the height direction is short, the water depth will be described as H (≈H0≈H1). The mass of the lid body 9 is also ignored for the sake of simplicity.
[0031]
Now, when the power source for generating the weaker magnetic force of the two levels is supplied to the electromagnet 5 and the sink 14 is at a water depth H, the repulsive force generated between the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 and the sky Consider the moment when the water pressure acting on the plate 9a is balanced at the position where the lid body 9 is raised. In this situation, when the lower end of the lid body 9 is in contact with the flange portion 10b, the upper end of the dam portion 10 and the upper end of the water flow port 9c coincide with each other. The height is r.
[0032]
The magnitude F1 of the repulsive force generated between the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 at this moment is expressed by Equation 1 where m1 is the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and m2 is the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 12. At this time, the force F2 due to water pressure acting on the top surface of the top plate 9a is expressed by the following equation (2), where A is the area of the top surface of the top plate 9a, p is the density of water, and g is the gravitational acceleration. Since F1 = F2 is established at the moment when the lid body 9 is balanced in the above state, the height of the opening 15 is the magnetic forces m1 and m2 of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12, the water depth H in the sink 14, and the top plate. 9a is expressed by Equation 3 using the area A of the upper surface, the density ρ of water, and the acceleration of gravity g.
[Expression 1]

[Expression 2]

[Equation 3]

[0033]
On the other hand, the flow velocity v of water flowing into the disposer from the opening 15 is expressed by Equation 4, and the inflow amount Q into the disposer is obtained by Equation 5, where L is the total size of the narrow portion of the water passage 9c. . Substituting the right sides of Equation 3 and Equation 4 as r and v in Equation 5, respectively, leads to Equation 6. As apparent from Equation 6, the inflow amount Q is the total L of the narrow portion of the water inlet 9c, the magnetic forces m1 and m2 of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12, the area A of the top surface of the top plate 9a and the water. It is determined by the density ρ, and if these are not changed, it can be understood that a constant amount of water can flow into the disposer even if the water depth H in the sink 14 changes.
[Expression 4]

[Equation 5]

[Formula 6]

[0034]
Therefore, the width dimension of the narrow portion determines the diameter of the lid body 9 based on the predetermined diameter of the inlet, and determines the area of the top plate 9a from the determined diameter of the lid body 9. Then, it may be determined together with the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 so as to satisfy the relationship of Equation 6.
[0035]
The height of the narrow portion of the substantially convex shape of the water passage 9c is the maximum value of the area of the sink to which the disposer according to the present invention can be applied, and the height of the sink when the crushing process is finished. The depth of water in the sink is determined assuming the amount of water that is desired, and this value is used as a reference. That is, substituting the water depth as the value of H in Equation 3, the magnetic force obtained by the above method of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 as m1 and m2, respectively, the area of the top plate 9a as A, and the density of water as ρ. The obtained value r is set to the height of the narrow portion.
[0036]
On the other hand, the wide portion of the substantially “convex” shape of the water flow opening 9c makes the amount of water flowing into the disposer the intensity of the stronger magnetic force of the two-stage strength too much. The aim is to increase the effect without any problems. The dimensions of this part are such that the water head pressure required for the water flowing into the disposer from the opening 15 to flow down the trap part of the drain pipe connected to the discharge port of the disposer is not higher than the discharge port of the disposer. In other words, dimensions that can supply as much water as possible are determined by experiments or the like so that water does not accumulate in the crushing chamber 16. At this time, the width dimension of the wide portion of the water passage 9c is not particularly limited other than the diameter dimension of the lid main body 9 as long as the above-described conditions are satisfied. Considering the downward force acting on the portion 9, when the electromagnet 5 generates the stronger one of the two levels of magnetic force, the upper end of the weir portion 10 has a wider portion of the water passage 9 c or a portion below it. Are determined together with the stronger magnetic force.
[0037]
In the above, for the sake of simplicity, the weight of the lid main body 9 is ignored, and the method for determining the dimensions of each part of the water passage 9c and the strength of the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 has been described. Gravity acting on 9 is not negligible when the water depth in the sink 14 becomes shallow, and the height of the opening 15 becomes smaller than the value of Equation 3. Therefore, also in this case, in order not to change the amount of water supplied to the disposer, it is desirable to form the narrow portion of the water passage 9c into a trapezoid in consideration of the mass of the lid body 9. If the dimensions of the lid body 9 and the water inlet 9c and the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12 are determined in this way, the amount of water necessary for one treatment of the disposer can be stored in the sink 14, Regardless of the flat area of the sink, an appropriate amount of water can be supplied during the crushing process. Immediately after the crushing process is completed, there is no crushed soot left inside the disposer, and a large quantity is difficult to clog the drain pipe. It becomes possible to supply water.
[0038]
The effect | action of the Example of this invention demonstrated above is demonstrated according to the procedure which crushes a cocoon with a disposer. First, the user puts the soot to be treated into the disposer crushing chamber 16 from the inlet. At this time, the switch unit 21 is in a stopped state, and the control unit 28 does not issue a signal for closing the contact of the circuit that supplies power to the electric motor 22 to the drive unit 23, and the electromagnet control unit 27 also has the electromagnet 5. No signal is supplied to supply power. Accordingly, the disposer has stopped operating, and the electromagnet 5 does not generate magnetic force.
[0039]
Next, the dam portion 10 is attached to the upper portion of the inlet so that the flange through hole 10c and the through hole 7 overlap each other, and then the lid body 9 is inserted into the through hole 7 with the permanent magnet 12 inserted. Extrapolate to The magnetic force at both ends of the cylindrical permanent magnet 12 is stronger than that of the other parts, and therefore the attractive force is also strong. When the lid body 9 is mounted, the lower end of the permanent magnet 12 is in the iron core 6 of the electromagnet 5, but the upper end is located above the iron core 6, so that the upper end of the iron core 6 is located on the upper end. The force that tries to approach is applied. As a result, a force acts on the lid body 9 so as to press the lower end of the cylindrical portion against the upper surface of the flange portion 10b, and water tightness is generated due to a small dimensional difference between the inner diameter of the lid body 9 and the outer diameter of the dam portion 10. In this state, the water passage 9 c formed in the cylindrical portion of the lid main body 9 is completely blocked by the weir portion 10.
[0040]
Next, water is accumulated in the sink 14. The amount of water stored in the sink 14 is grasped in an appropriate amount necessary for one crushing process, and if this amount is used, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently exerted. It should be noted that the water stored in the sink is convenient because it can contribute to saving water by storing the water used for washing dishes and the like in a container such as a washing bowl. When water is accumulated in the sink 14, the lid body 9 maintains the above-described state, so that water does not flow into the disposer. Since the lid body 9 is submerged, a downward force is applied to the top plate 9a due to water pressure and gravity acting on the lid body 9.
[0041]
Next, the switcher 21 is operated so that the disposer operates. By this operation, the disposer starts the crushing process, and the electromagnet 5 is supplied with a power source that generates the weaker magnetic force of the two levels. As a result, a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet 5 and the permanent magnet 12, so that an upward force acts on the lid body 9, and balance is achieved at a position that balances the downward force due to the water pressure and gravity. An opening 15 is formed by the water inlet 9c and the upper end of the weir 10 so that an appropriate amount of water according to the water level in the sink 14 at that time is supplied to the disposer.
[0042]
After starting the disposer, the water level in the sink 14 decreases with time, but the narrow portion of the water passage 9c and the opening 15 formed by the weir 10 are based on Equation 6 and related explanation. The lid body 9 moves up and down so that its area is automatically adjusted so that a constant amount of water can be supplied to the disposer regardless of fluctuations in the water level.
[0043]
The fact that the disposer has finished the crushing process is detected by the current value supplied to the electric motor 22 as described above. When the crushing process is completed, the electromagnet 5 is supplied with a power source that generates the stronger one of the two-stage magnetic forces. As a result, the repulsive force with the permanent magnet 12 increases, and the lid body 9 rises more than the relationship with the water depth in the sink 14 so far. Therefore, the area of the opening 15 formed by the water inlet 9c and the weir 10 is increased, and a large amount of water is supplied to the disposer. Therefore, the flow velocity in the disposer crushing chamber 16 and the drain pipe increases, so that crushed soot does not remain in the disposer crushing chamber 16 and clogging in the drain pipe can be prevented.
[0044]
The user can know from the movement of the lid body 9 that the disposer crushing process has ended. And the switch part 21 is operated to a stop state to stop the operation of the disposer, and the crushing process is completed.
[0045]
Here, the operation of the cylindrical portion 13 will be described. Since the water inlet 9c is formed in the direction in which the water flows in the horizontal direction, the water originally accumulated in the sink 14 passes through the opening 15 formed by the water inlet 9c and the weir part 10 in the horizontal direction. After flowing into the disposer and passing through the opening 15, it begins to fall into the crushing chamber 16 while drawing a parabola. However, since the cylindrical portion 13 is provided inside the lid body 9, the inflowing water flows into the cylindrical portion 13. It collides with the outer surface and changes the flow direction downward, and further changes the direction along the bell mouth portion 13b formed at the lower end of the cylindrical portion 13, and protrudes radially outward toward the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16. Go. It is possible to prevent the crushing crushed by the film formed of the water that jumps out from adhering to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16, and the water that has reached the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16 is crushed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16. Can be allowed to flow down. When the lid body 9 rises to the top, the area of the opening 15 formed by the water inlet 9c and the weir 10 is maximized, so the amount of water passing through the opening 15 increases, and the flow velocity flowing down the cylindrical portion 13 increases. Since it becomes early, the amount of water that reaches and flows down to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16 increases, and the action of flowing down the crushed soot adhering to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16 becomes stronger. The lid main body 9, the dam portion 10 and the cylindrical member 13 can be removed and cleaned even if crushed soot adheres, so that the disposer can be kept clean.
[0046]
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the lid 8. In this example, the cylindrical portion 13 is formed by providing the support body 17 on the dam portion 10. The diameter of the bell mouth portion 13b is set to a size that can be inserted into the inlet of the disposer, and a portion corresponding to the position of the electromagnet 5 is cut away. The dimensions of other parts are determined in the same manner as described above. In this example, since the diameter of the bell mouth portion 13b can be made larger than that shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the tip of the bell mouth portion 13b and the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16 of the disposer is shortened, and The effect of preventing the crushed soot from adhering and flowing down the crushed soot attached to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16 is further improved.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the repulsive force generated between the electromagnet 5 provided in the inlet and the permanent magnet 12 provided in the lid body 9 and the water pressure acting on the top plate 9a and the lid body 9 due to the water depth accumulated in the sink. Utilizing the fact that the acting gravity balances and the position of the lid body 9 is determined, the opening 15 formed by the water inlet 9c and the dam portion 10 provided in the cylindrical body 9b of the lid body 9 during the crushing process. The area can be automatically adjusted so that an appropriate amount of water passes regardless of the depth of water in the sink 14 and the size of the flat area of the sink. Therefore, the user of the disposer simply collects the amount of water required for one treatment in the sink and starts operation, and supplies the disposer with the appropriate amount of water required during the crushing process without asking the user to judge. can do. Further, since the water flowing into the disposer by the action of the cylindrical body 13 formed inside the lid jumps outward in the radial direction, the crushed crush by the action of the water film formed at this time is the upper wall inside the crushing chamber 16. It is possible to prevent the crushed soot adhering to the side wall from flowing down by the water reaching the inner side wall of the crushing chamber 16, and to keep the crushing chamber 16 hygienic.
[0048]
When the crushing process is completed, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 5 is increased compared to that during the crushing process, and the lid body 9 is further raised to open the wide portion of the water passage 9c, so that the amount of inflow into the disposer can be increased. it can. This, combined with the action of the cylindrical body 13 formed in the bell mouth shape at the lower end formed inside the lid, can increase the flow ability of the crushed soot adhering to the inner wall surface of the crushing chamber 16. 16 is more effective for keeping the inside hygienic, and the flow velocity in the drain pipe connected to the disposer discharge port can be increased, and the effect of making it difficult to clog the crushed soot in the drain pipe can be expected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a disposer according to the present invention, showing a slot and a lid.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the state of arrangement of electromagnets at the upper end of the inlet.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a weir part, the left half showing the lower surface side and the right half showing the upper surface side.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a lid main body.
FIG. 5 schematically shows a configuration of a control unit.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the depth of water accumulated in the sink and the positional relationship between the weir portion and the lid body.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of a lid.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Sink drain
2 Input side wall
2a Inner wall
3 Connection pipe
4 Connection bands
5 Electromagnet
6 Iron core
7 Through hole
8 lid
9 Lid body
9a Top plate
9b Cylindrical body
9c Water outlet
10 Weir
10a Weir body
10b Isobe
10c collar through hole
10d recess
11 Input port central axis
12 Permanent magnet
13 Cylindrical member
13a Straight pipe
13b Bellmouth part
14 Sink
15 opening
16 Crushing chamber
17 Support
20 Control device
21 Switch part
22 Electric motor
23 Drive unit
24 Current measurement unit
25 Timekeeping Department
26 Memory unit
27 Electromagnet controller
28 Control unit
29 Commercial power supply
18

Claims

Installed at the bottom of the sink sink, connected to the drain outlet of the sink, capped with a lid that forms a water supply channel at the top of the inlet after dredging, and then supplies water from the sink The lid comprises a lid body and a weir part, the lid body is a cylindrical member closed at one end, and a water passage is formed in a cylindrical surface, and the weir part is a cylinder of the lid body. A cylindrical member that is slidably inscribed in the member, and has a ridge formed at one end to attach the dam part to the upper edge of the input port in a detachable and substantially watertight manner. Disposer characterized in that after mounting, the lid body is extrapolated to the dam portion, and the lid body is slid up and down to change the area of the opening formed by the water inlet and the upper end of the dam portion. .

The means for changing the area of the opening is arranged such that an electromagnet is disposed at an appropriate position on the inner peripheral surface of the upper end of the cylinder forming the thrower inlet, and when the weir part and the lid body are attached to the inlet, A permanent magnet is fixed at a position opposite to the electromagnet at the outer periphery of the cylindrical member so that the same pole faces when the electromagnet is energized, and is generated between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet when the electromagnet is not energized. The adsorption force and the repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet when the electromagnet is energized acts on the closed surface of the lid body and the sum of the pressure of the water in the sink and the weight of the lid body. The disposer according to claim 1, wherein matching is used.

The control device for controlling the operation of the disposer includes a switch unit for operating the disposer, a driving unit for opening and closing a circuit for supplying power to the electric motor that drives the disposer, and supplying the power during the disposer operation. A current measuring unit that measures the current value of the circuit, a time measuring unit, a storage unit that stores a specific operating current value and an arbitrary time T when the disposer crushing process is completed, and a disposer inlet port An electromagnet controller that supplies power so that the magnetic force can be changed in two stages, and a controller that generally controls these parts, and the controller and the electromagnet when the disposer is not operated A signal is output to the drive unit and the electromagnet control unit so as not to supply power to the drive unit, and an operation signal is input from the switch unit to the drive unit. A signal is output to supply power to the motive, and to supply power to the electromagnet control unit to generate a weaker one of the two-stage magnetic forces to the electromagnet, and to the electric current measurement unit to the electric motor The measurement of the current value supplied to the battery is started, and the current value measured by the current measuring unit is kept below the specific operating current value for the stored time T when the stored crushing process is completed. 3. The disposer according to claim 2, wherein when detecting that the electromagnet has been detected, the electromagnet control unit is signaled to supply power to the electromagnet to generate a strong magnetic force among the two-stage magnetic forces.

The shape of the water inlet is substantially “convex”, and when the electromagnet generates a weaker one of the two levels of magnetic force, the upper end of the weir part moves through the narrow part of the water inlet. The lid body is moved up and down so that when the electromagnet generates the stronger magnetic force of the two stages, the upper end of the dam portion is the wide portion of the water passage or the lower portion. The disposer according to claim 3, wherein the lid body is moved up and down so as to move.

The inner diameter of the dam portion is substantially smaller than the height of the water passage formed in the lid body, the lower end is opened in a bell mouth shape, and the upper end is always open regardless of the height of the lid body. The disposer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a lid having a cylinder inside the upper end of which the lower end is located below the upper wall surface of the disposer crushing chamber.