JP4446066B2 - Rotary solenoid - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary solenoid, and more particularly to the structure of a member centered on a rotor and a fixed magnetic pole.

  The basic structure of a generally known rotary solenoid is as follows: a case that serves as a casing for the solenoid, a coil that generates magnetic flux, a rotor that is fixed to a shaft and supported so as to be able to rotate in both the left and right directions, and the rotor is a radial direction. The fixed magnetic poles that are opposed to each other and generate a magnetic flux to attract and rotate the rotor, and the spiral springs that rotate in the return direction upon demagnetization (for example, Patent Document 1).

  The rotor and fixed magnetic pole of such a rotary solenoid have a circular arc magnetic pole shape centered at the same position as the rotation center of the rotor. According to Patent Document 1, the rotor has a plurality of convex magnetic pole shapes formed at a certain angle, and the fixed magnetic pole side also has a plurality of magnetic pole shapes matched to the magnetic pole shape and angle of the convex portion of the rotor. The convex magnetic pole and the fixed magnetic pole of the rotor always maintain a constant gap in the radial direction.

However, the rotary solenoid applies a voltage to the coil, and the torque decreases in a direction as the rotor is pulled by the fixed magnetic pole and rotates. The torque characteristics of a general rotary solenoid become the largest at the part where the rotor and fixed magnetic poles begin to face each other, and tend to gradually decrease as the opposing surfaces of the magnetic poles increase as described above. Further, the rotary solenoid is provided with a spiral spring for returning after the voltage is cut off. Since it is necessary to design in consideration of the return force of this spiral spring and the required torque, such a rotary solenoid must be inefficiently used to increase the power and obtain the required torque characteristics. I didn't get it.
JP-A-61-157884 (5 pages, FIG. 1)

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and by devising the magnetic pole shape rather than the rotary solenoid according to the prior art, the torque characteristic at the rotation angle is kept wide and constant, or the torque characteristic is controlled as necessary. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive solenoid that can be used and that does not use a permanent magnet.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a rotor having one or more arc-shaped convex surfaces that are rotatable in both the left and right directions around the shaft portion and project from the shaft portion and are formed to form a magnetic pole; A fixed magnetic pole having an arc-shaped concave surface that is formed in the same number as the arc-shaped convex surface of the rotor and facing the arc-shaped convex surface, and disposed in the vicinity of the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped concave surface and formed in a cylindrical shape. And the center of curvature of the arc-shaped convex surface is different between the plurality of arc-shaped convex surfaces, and the center of curvature of the arc-shaped concave surface is also different from the center of curvature of the arc-shaped concave surface. Unlike the rotation center of the rotor, the center of curvature is also different between the plurality of arc-shaped concave surfaces. Here, the “arc shape” includes both an arc shape and an elliptic arc shape.

  The arc-shaped convex surface is a part of a side surface of a virtual cylindrical body having an arbitrary thickness having a center of curvature different from the rotation center of the rotor, and the arc-shaped concave surface is different from the rotation center of the rotor. A part of a side surface of a virtual cylindrical body having an arbitrary thickness having a center of curvature, and a gap between the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped concave surface is relatively large at the start of rotation of the rotor, The rotor becomes relatively small during rotation of the rotor, and when the rotor is at a predetermined angular position, the gap between the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped concave surface is a uniform distance, and the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped It is assumed that the concave surfaces are opposed to each other, and the gap between the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped concave surface is a uniform distance even when the rotor is rotating or at the end of the rotation, and the arc-shaped convex surface and the front surface Arcuate concave surface is assumed to be characterized by being adapted to face. The “virtual cylindrical body” here is for explaining the configuration of the arcuate concave surface and the arcuate convex surface, and has no substance.

  The present invention devised the shape and arrangement of the arcuate convex surface that serves as the magnetic pole of the rotor and the arcuate concave surface that serves as the magnetic pole of the fixed magnetic pole, so that the rotary solenoid has a constant torque characteristic that does not fluctuate over a wide range of rotation and torque as required. It is possible to obtain characteristics. Furthermore, since a magnetic material that is generally used can be used for the magnetic pole on the rotor side, it is easy to process in manufacturing, and the solenoid itself can be made inexpensive. Further, since no permanent magnet is used, not only cost reduction but also troubles in handling parts can be suppressed as much as possible.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, by devising the shape of the arcuate convex surface of the rotor and the arcuate concave surface of the fixed magnetic pole and the center of curvature serving as the basis for the shape, the torque characteristic can be made constant or as required. There is a feature. Moreover, since the magnetic material generally used can be used for a rotor, processing becomes easy and solenoid itself can be made cheap. An embodiment having this feature will be described below.

  1A to 1D are explanatory views of a rotary solenoid according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 10 is a rotary solenoid, 11 is a shaft, 12 is a rotor, 12a and 12b are arc-shaped convex surfaces, 12ac and 12bc are centers of curvature, 12ar and 12br are radii of the arc-shaped convex surfaces, 13 is a fixed magnetic pole, and 13a and 13b are Arc concave surfaces, 13ac and 13bc are centers of curvature, 13ar and 13br are radii of the arc concave surfaces, 14 and 15 are gaps, 16 and 17 are cases, 18 and 19 are bearings, and 20 and 21 are coils.

  In the rotary solenoid 10, the rotor 12 includes arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b in which the magnetic pole protrudes in the radial direction from the rotation axis, the fixed magnetic pole 13 facing the magnetic pole includes arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b, and the arc-shaped convex surface 12a. 12b and the arcuate concave surfaces 13a and 13b, coils 20 and 21 are arranged in the vicinity. A shaft 11 is fixed to the rotor 12, and the shaft 11 is inserted and supported by bearings 18 and 19 fixed to the cases 16 and 17 so as to be rotatable in both left and right directions.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, the shapes of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a, 12b of the rotor 12 and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a, 13b of the fixed magnetic pole and the positions of the curvature centers 12ac, 12bc or 13ac, 13bc serving as the reference for the shapes are devised. Thus, the torque characteristic can be made constant or as required, and the solenoid itself can be made inexpensive because a general magnetic material is used for the rotor.
Below, the main structures of the rotary solenoid 10 are demonstrated.

  The rotor 12 is made of a magnetic material, has two arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b protruding radially from the shaft portion, and the shaft 11 is fixed to the center hole. The curvature centers 12ac and 12bc of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b are at different positions from the rotation center of the rotor 12, and the curvature centers 12ac and 12bc of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b are also different from each other, and have radii of 12ar and 12br. Arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b are formed at a distance. In addition, coils 20 and 21 are arranged in the vicinity of the arcuate convex surfaces 12a and 12b.

  The fixed magnetic pole 13 is made of a magnetic material, and has two arcuate concave surfaces 13a and 13b facing the arcuate convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12. The centers of curvature 13ac and 13bc of the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b are different from the rotation center of the rotor 12, and the centers of curvature 13ac and 13bc of the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b are also different from each other, and are arc-shaped at a distance of radius 13ar and 13br. Concave surfaces 13a and 13b are formed. In addition, coils 20 and 21 are arranged in the vicinity of the arcuate concave surfaces 13a and 13b.

  Therefore, when the coils 20 and 21 are energized, magnetic flux flows between the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13 and the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12 through the gaps 14 and 15, The arcuate concave surfaces 13a and 13b attempt to attract the arcuate convex surfaces 12a and 12b. Since the shaft 11 is fixed to the center hole of the rotor 12 and the shaft 11 is supported by being inserted into and rotated by the bearings 18 and 19, the rotor 12 rotates in the suction direction around the shaft 11. Stop at the position. When the energization of the coil is not energized, the rotor 12 rotates in the opposite direction by an external restoring force or a repulsive force of a spiral spring attached arbitrarily, and the rotor 12 returns to its original position.

  The shaft 11 is made of a non-magnetic material, inserted into and fixed to the center hole of the rotor 12, and further extended in the axial direction and inserted into bearings 18 and 19 fixed to the center holes of the cases 16 and 17 to rotate. Supported as possible.

  The coils 20 and 21 are provided in the vicinity of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12 and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13, and when energized, magnetic flux is applied to the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b and the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b. Supply.

  The gaps 14 and 15 are gaps between the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12 a and 12 b of the rotor 12 and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13 a and 13 b of the fixed magnetic pole 13.

  The cases 16 and 17 are made of a nonmagnetic material, are located on both end faces of the fixed magnetic pole 13, and bearings 18 and 19 are fixed to the center hole.

  The bearings 18 and 19 are made of a nonmagnetic material and are fixed to the center holes of the cases 16 and 17. The shaft 11 is inserted into the inner holes of the bearings 18 and 19 and supported so as to be rotatable.

  Further, the operation of the rotary solenoid according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described focusing on the rotor 12 and the fixed magnetic pole 13. FIGS. 2A to 2C are cross-sectional views showing the operation of the solenoid shown in FIG. 1C, and the reference numerals are the same as those in FIG.

  FIG. 2A shows a rotary solenoid before the coils 20 and 21 are energized. The rotor 12 is stationary in the direction opposite to the fixed magnetic pole 13 by a return force from the outside or a repulsive force of a spiral spring attached arbitrarily. At this time, the gaps 14 and 15 between the arcuate convex surfaces 12a and 12b and the arcuate concave surfaces 13a and 13b are relatively large.

  When the coils 20 and 21 are energized, magnetic flux is supplied between the fixed magnetic pole 13 and the rotor 12. The magnetic flux flows through the gaps 14 and 15 to the rotor 12, and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b attract the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b, so that the rotation operation starts. FIG. 2B shows a state at an intermediate point after the rotating operation of the rotor 12 starts. At this time, the gaps 14 and 15 between the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b are changed in a direction smaller than the state before energization.

  Further, FIG. 2C shows when the rotor 12 rotates and stops. As described above, the rotor 12 rotates in the direction in which the gaps 14 and 15 become smaller, but a stopper is provided to stop at a certain rotation angle. At this time, the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12 are completely opposed to the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13, and the gaps 14 and 15 are all kept at a uniform distance between the two magnetic poles. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the torque characteristics at such a state show a constant value over a wide rotation angle. Furthermore, torque characteristics according to necessity can be obtained by changing the shape and gap distance when the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12 and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13 face each other. Next, the case will be described.

  FIG. 4 shows the concept of the shapes of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b of the rotor 12 and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13 in the rotary solenoid of the present invention. Here, the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b form uniform gaps 14 and 15 with respect to the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b, and the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b show a state of facing the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b of the fixed magnetic pole 13. Yes. Further, it is assumed that the centers of curvature 12ac and 12bc (13ac and 13bc) are on the X-ray of the rotation center of the rotor 12. In this state, the arc-shaped convex surface 12a and the arc-shaped concave surface 13a share the center of curvature 12ac (13ac), and the center of curvature 12ac (13ac) is offset by an arbitrary distance from the rotation axis to the X (−) side by an arbitrary distance. It has become. From this, an arcuate convex surface 12a having a radius of 12ar is formed, and an arcuate concave surface 13a is formed on the outer peripheral side by the air gap 14.

  Further, the arc-shaped convex surface 12b and the arc-shaped concave surface 13b that are positioned symmetrically with the arc-shaped convex surface 12a and the arc-shaped concave surface 13a share the center of curvature 12bc (13bc), and this center of curvature 12bc (13bc) is on the X (+) side from the rotation axis. The offset amount is a position shifted by an arbitrary distance. From this, an arcuate convex surface 12b having a radius of 12br is formed, and an arcuate concave surface 13a is formed on the outer peripheral side by the air gap 15.

である。尚、ｄはオフセット量が０であるときを示し、これはつまり曲率中心１２ａｃと１２ｂｃ（１３ａｃと１３ｂｃ）が回転子１２の回転中心点にあることを示している。 The points of the curvature centers 12ac (13ac) and 12bc (13bc) have the same absolute distance from the rotation center point of the rotor 12, and the distances of the radii 12ar and 12br are basically the same. Further, by changing the offset amounts of the curvature centers 12ac and 12bc (13ac and 13bc) from the rotation center point of the rotor 12, the torque characteristics of the rotary solenoid can be controlled. FIG. 4B shows a diagram when the offset amounts of the curvature centers 12ac and 12bc are changed. For example, the offset amount when the center of rotation of the rotor 12 is shifted to the X (+) and X (−) sides. Let e and f be

It is. Note that d indicates when the offset amount is 0, which indicates that the centers of curvature 12ac and 12bc (13ac and 13bc) are at the rotation center point of the rotor 12.

  FIG. 5 shows torque characteristics when the offset amounts of the curvature centers 12ac and 12bc (13ac and 13bc) are changed. In this torque characteristic, d in FIG. 4B corresponds to the torque characteristic d, offset amounts e (−) and e (+) correspond to the torque characteristic e, and offset amounts f (−) and f (+) correspond to the torque characteristic f. The torque characteristic shown in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment is the torque characteristic e. However, when the offset amount is further increased, the torque is small at a rotation angle near 0 degrees as in the torque characteristic f, and the torque characteristic is rotated. Accordingly, a tendency can be obtained that the torque gradually increases.

  On the other hand, if the offset amount is smaller than the torque characteristic e, the torque is large at a rotation angle of 0 degree as in the torque characteristic d, and the torque tends to gradually decrease as the rotation proceeds.

  In this way, by changing the offset amount and changing the shapes of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b, it is possible to easily determine the torque characteristics with respect to the rotation angle as necessary according to the design. It becomes. Furthermore, if the curvature radii of the arc-shaped convex surfaces 12a and 12b and the arc-shaped concave surfaces 13a and 13b and the sizes of the air gaps 14 and 15 are changed, it becomes easier to make the torque characteristics necessary.

It is a perspective view of the rotary solenoid concerning the 1st example of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the rotary solenoid concerning the 1st Example of this invention. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG.1 (b) of the rotary solenoid concerning the 1st Example of this invention. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG.1 (b) of the rotary solenoid concerning the 1st Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG.1 (c). It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG.1 (c). It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG.1 (c). It is a torque characteristic figure of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole part of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG.1 (c). It is a torque characteristic figure of the rotary solenoid shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotary solenoid 11 Shaft 12 Rotor 12a Arc-shaped convex surface 12ac Curvature center 12ar Arc-shaped convex surface radius 12b Arc-shaped convex surface 12bc Curvature center 12br Arc-shaped convex radius 13 Fixed magnetic pole 13a Arc-shaped concave surface 13ac Curvature center 13ar Arc-shaped concave surface 13bc Arc-shaped concave surface 13bc 13br Arc concave radius 14 Air gap 15 Air gap 16 Case 17 Case 18 Bearing 19 Bearing 20 Coil 21 Coil

Claims (3)

A rotor having one or a plurality of arc-shaped convex surfaces that are rotatable in both the left and right directions around the shaft portion, projecting from the shaft portion and forming a magnetic pole;
A fixed magnetic pole having an arc-shaped concave surface that is formed in the same number as the arc-shaped convex surface of the rotor and arranged to face the arc-shaped convex surface;
In a solenoid provided with a coil formed in the vicinity of the arcuate convex surface and the arcuate concave surface and formed in a cylindrical shape,
The rotational center of the rotor and the center of curvature of the arc-shaped convex surface are different, and the center of curvature is also different between the plurality of arc-shaped convex surfaces,
Furthermore, the center of curvature of the arc-shaped concave surface is also different from the rotation center of the rotor, and the center of curvature is also different among the plurality of arc-shaped concave surfaces. In the solenoid, the arc-shaped convex surface is a part of a side surface of a virtual cylindrical body having an arbitrary thickness having a center of curvature different from the rotation center of the rotor,
2. The solenoid according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped concave surface is a part of a side surface of a virtual cylindrical body having an arbitrary thickness having a center of curvature different from a rotation center of the rotor. In the solenoid, a gap between the arc-shaped convex surface and the arc-shaped concave surface is relatively large at the start of rotation of the rotor, and is relatively small during rotation of the rotor. The solenoid according to claim 1 and claim 2.

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